Qass

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Book.

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AMERICAN TEXT BOOK FOR LETTERS.

Printed, published and sold by its Author, at 104 Washington St. Boston.

The American Text Book for Letters has passed the ordeal of three
editions of the work, with renewed testimonials of its usefuhiess and
worth. To those persons who have not seen this volume, and whose avo-
cations or taste lead them to study the various forms, proportions and classes
of letters, we offer the followiug recommendations in its behalf Its exam-
ples and explanations are for Sign Painting, Sculpture in Stone, Penman-
ship, Pitman^s System of Phonography, Engineering, Engraving, Stenog-
* raphing, Die-Sinking, Lithography, ^c. ^c. to which is added full instruc-
tions for the practical accomplishment of engraving on Wood, Copper and
Steel, in the lined, stipple, aquatint and mezzotint methods : also, for Lith-
ographic printing in colors ; for forming Electrotype plates. Stereotyping,
Type casting. Seal cutting; with abundant recipes for making Inks of
various colors; Indelible Ink ; Sympathetic Inks, &c. &c., interspersed with
aphorisms and poetry : it contains 48 pages of beautifully engraved exam-
ples, including the Greek and Hebrew alphabets with their numerals ; and
52 pages of typographical explanations ; well bound at $1.50.

Notice written by Madam L. H. Sigourney, of Hartford.

'" AMERICAN TEXT BOOK FOR LETTERS."

Ad exceedingly beautiful specimen of engraved letters and characters,
comprising a complete system of penmanship, with much important correla-
tive information. That it should in a comparatively short time, have reach-
ed a third edition, marks l4ie appreciation of a favoring public.

L. H. SIGOURNEY.
From the Recorder, by Nathaniel Willis, Esq.
This is a work of a novel character,and we should think might be found
useful, it is evidently a work of great labor, exliibiting by well engraved
plates, an extensive variety of forms of written and printed letters, and em-
bracing a great deal of information, both curious and useful, in relation to the
formation of letters, and the most correct method of producing them with the
pen, brush, chisel or graver. It may be a useful manual in schools, families
of children, and to clerks ; and indeed any one may derive advantages from
it as a reference book, it being as an helpmate to letters what the dictionary
is to words.

From James N. Spencer, Teacher of Writing. •
Mr. Dearborn, Sir,

After an attentive perusal of your American Text Book for Letters,
I take pleasure in expressing to you my approbation concerning it. The
method which you have employed to elucidate the science, renders it easy
for the pupil to acquire the art of forming and spacing letters accurately,
^ and also gives a decided advantage over any thing hitherto published on
the same subject.

I think that the teacher and the pupil need only to become acquainted

y^ with its merits to give it the preference. I shall introduce it in my classes-

J and I trust it will be generally used in the schools and academies ; I hope

V your industry and skill in simplifying and arranging so important a branch

' of study will meet a return, commensurate with the merits of your work

»iid gratifying to yourself Truly yours,

JAMES N. SPENCER, Teacher of Writing.

From the President ofltarvard University.

Natiil. Dearborn, Esq., Sir :— I have the' pleasure of aoknowledginir
Uie rtreipt of your " American Text Book for Letters ■' I admire hoih
llie elegance of'tlie design and the beauty of its execution. I cannot donh".
but that it will be highly useful in improving the chirography of the youth"
of our country, both in respect to elegance and correctness. Hoping that it
may connuaiid all the success and popularity it so justly merits, and return-
ing my thanks for the copy you have been pleased totransnirt to me,
I am very truly, your obliged humble servant,
Cambridge, Feb. 2, 1843. JOSIAH QUINCY.

From the Daily Advertiser, by Hon. Nathan Hale.
We called attention to the plan of this highly useful work when ]\Tr.
Dearborn issued his pros,peclus for it. It has receiUly been publi.shed and the
execution even exceeds the anticipation we had formed from the skill and
taste which Mr. D. has already shown as an engraver ; ii will be found to
include copies for every variety of " lettering " in use, and directions for the
most correct method of making the various forms of letters, either with the
pen, brush, graver or chisel. Mr. Dearborn's general directions w^ill be
found lucid and comprehensive.

The work contains solutions of several chirographical puzzles, which
are of some curiosity. Among others we notice a monogram of all the
capital letters in the alphabet, which requires throughout but six complete
strokes, or strokes occupying the whole interval from the top to the bottom
of the line. Teachers and others who have occasion to investigate closely
the shape and appearance of differem letters, will be pleased wuh these, as
indeed with all parts of the work.

From the Emancipator and Free American, by Joshua Leavitt, Esq.

American Text Book for Letters, a very ingenious, tasteful, and valuable
publication, by Mr. Nathaniel Dearborn, Boston.

Mr. D. has given an original and instructive analj'sis of letters, both
script and text, with copies for the writing teacher and learner, the engra-
ver, printer, &c. and ample instructions for making pens, preparing paper and
ink, learning to write and other usefitl recipes.

The view which is given of the form, shape nnd proportions of letters,
will do much to establish a correct ta.ste. The exhibhion on page 2S, of Ho-
garth's " line of beauty," as constituting the basis of twenty out of twenty-six
letters, of the capital script alphabet, is quite important. It is by so complete
an analysis of the elements of the letters, Avliich has enabled the ingenious
author to a«:omplish the famous chirographic puzzle of combining all the
capital letters of the alphabet, in a monogram, a teat we betieve, never be-
fore accomplished.

In proportion as it shall come into use, we may expect the absurd forms
and monstrous proportions, which are taught for elegant writing, will dis-
appear before the clear instructions and perfect patterns of Mr. Dearborn.

To young men, c.?pecially we commend the work as a study and copj''
book, by which, for one dollar and fifty cents, and a little reasonable atten-
tion and practice, they may acquire a good hand writing, which, to any
young man, is equal to a capital of a thou.sand dollars to begin life with.
We speak feelingly on this point, and from a deep regret for early neglect.

Rev. Charles F. Barnard, of Warren Street Chapel, Boston, in a
note to the author says, I have examined the American Text Book for Let-
ters with great satislaction.— it abounds with beauties and promises to be of
great service to teachers, artists, and others, &c.

Fruni Gov. George N. Briggs^Oct. 7, lSi8.

Dear Sir ; Your American Text Book for Letters i>s the most finished' IVid
complete work of the kind I have ever seen. It seems- to me to be admirably
adapted to the purpose for which it is intended, and f have no doulH will
be extensively poimlar and useful. Yours truly,

&EO. N. BRIGGS.

From the' Atlas.

Mr. Nathaniel Dearborn, one of our most skillful and^enterprising engra-
vers, ha* recently published the third edition of his veny- beautiful and elaii-
orate specimens of engravnig, in a work which is entitled' "Tlie American
Text Book for Letters." it presents specimens of almost every conceiv-
able style of letters and writing, and must be very useful- to those who teach
or learn writing. The rules laid down for the forniation'of the letters, and:
for every department of the art of lettering and writing,. must be very ser-
viceable.

Mr. Dearborn devoted a year, or more, of labor, and more than one
thousand dollars on the engravings in this work. It is a nevs? and original
Look, diflering materally from any thing of the kind ever published. Con-
sidering its cost, this beautiful little volume is offered at a fair price. "\\'e
hope itvvill meet ths encouragement Xroni the public, which it well merits.

From the Ev^ening Journal, by J. S. Sleeper, Esq.
American Text Booh for Letters. This is a very ingenious, cosily and
valuable work, just published by Mr. Nathaniel Dearborn,— contammg il-
lustrations of the various kinds of letters now in use, vi'ith copious remarks
in regard to the most correct method for producing them with the pen,
brush, chisel or graver. It will be an important aid to the teacher of wriimg,
—to any individual who wishes to improve his chirography,— and valuable
as an occasional reference.

From the late Hon. Joseph Story, LL. D. Cambridge.

Dear Sir;— My constant occupation in my Circuit Court duties, has
hitherto prevented me from thanking you for your kind and most acceptable
present of a copy of your "AmericanText Book for Letters. " I have ex-
amined the work with a great deal of care and with great pleasure. It con-
tains beautiful specimens of different modes of writing and I am particularly
pleased with the round luind alphabet, the Script Capital alphabet, andwiih
the rules for proportioning the Roman print letters. I wi.ih you entire suc-
cess in this valuable enterprise, and hope that the public patronage will
amply reward you for this meritorious efiort, to secure and promote a
beautiful style of writing and printing.

I am with great respect, truly yours,

JOSEPH STORY.

From the Daily Mail.

American Text Book for Letters This is the title of a very beautiful
work published by Nathaniel Dearborn, which is the finest specimen of
the arts, we have seen for many years. The neatness of the work is how-
ever the least recommendation ; it contains ample instructions with copiou.s
remarks on the various letters now in use, with the most correct method for
producing them with the pen, brush, ehisel or graver, and therefore it is val-
uable inoiitaininga correct knowledge of beautiful penman.ship, and of great
imporiaiice to the arti.'?!. It also contains a large amount of useful informa-
tion upon other subjects. The Text Book displays much labor, talent and
expense, and we trust the publisher will be liberally rewarded. It is highly
recommended by mnny distinguished gentlemen.

From Uio Bunker Hill Aurora & Boston Mirror, by Cha's W. Moore, Esq.

Mr. Nathl. Dearborn, Engraver, of this city has just issued the third
edition of one of the most useful and valuable text-books for educational
purposes, which has for a long time fallen under our observation. It embra-
ces a complete and perfect system of Penmanship, .so beautifully and sirnply
arrang-ed, that the art may be easily acquired without the aid of a teacher.
Alphabets of letters of every conceivable style are given, including the Ger-
man Text, Old English, Greek, Hebrew, &c. The work also contains an
entire system of Stenography and Phonography, with a great variety of
•explanations and directions, making altogether a most convenient aiid de-
sirable, as well as beautiful book for the centre table or library.

From the Courier, by J. T. Buckingham, Esq.
American Text Book for Letters. Mr. N. Dearborn of this city, has pub-
lished a book with this title, well got up and exceedingly neat in its ap-
pearance. About every conceivable form of letter is exhibited in the va-
rious characters of Script, Roman, German, Greek, &c., and a system of
Stenography. It is one of the prettiest New Year presents that we have seen.

From Josiah Sturgis, Esq.. Commander of the Revenue Cutter Hamilton.
Nathl. Dearborn, Esq.,

My Dear Sir : — I have perused with much attention, your " Amtrican
Text Boole for Letters,''^ and it gives me pleasure to say, I think it a val-
uable production, well adapted for the Counting House, as for Schools ; I
have used it very sucocistully on ship-board, and in our Schools I should
think it would be universally adoptod. Wishing you every success the
work so justly merits,

I am very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOSIAH STURGIS, Capt. U. S. Revenue Cutter Hamilton.

BOSTON NOTIONS, BY NATHL. DEARBORN.

Printed, ptcblished and sold by the Author, at 104 Washington St. Boston.

Nathaniel Dearborn has just published an historical work on Boston, un-
der the title of" Boston Notions; being an accurate and concise account of
Mhat Village' from 1630 to 1847' —with 50 plates, maps and wood engra-
vings; ISmo., 450 pages, price SI. 50.

This work has been collated with care from the original manuscript bookg
and records of the town and other correct sources ; it may be relied on as
a true transcript of its earliest slate, respecting the governing laws; their
Jieresies ; disarming, excommunicating aud banishing its citizens iherelor,
the hanging of Quakers and Witches, treatment of all religious sects if not
of the puritanic, calvanislic platform; with the after era ol patriotic strife
for freedom from British rule and taxation : the forming of American insti-
tutions for learning and philanthrophy, and the advancement of the Village
through township authority and government, to a mere concentrated power
under a city charier in 18^2; wiUi a list of the inhabitants of Boston from
1630 to 1656: a list of ditto for 1695:— and the first directory for Boston,
published in 17S9 : its pages also give a notice of the surrounding Cities,
and Towns, with the Islands in the harbor, accompanied with a chart of
the same: — with a biographical notice and mitiiature likeness of Geo.
Washington, Samuel Adonis, and Tlios. Ilntcliinson ; remarks on John
Wilson, JohnCotton, John Winthrop, Roger William.*, Thomas Dudley,
Henry Vane, Benjamin Franklin and other eniincnt and public cliaracters ;
with an account of Mount Auburn, with a map of the same, which clcses
the volume.

From Hon. James Savage, LL. D. Author of Winthrop Joiunal, kc.

Dear Sir— You have laid our native city under great obligation, by print-
ing your " Boston Notions."' The title, however, is not descriptive of its
scope or merits: whoever looks over the copious Index will be directed to
very many points of our peninsula, which he never visited, and must in-
deed, be a geographer of extraordinary accuracy, if he ever heard of all of
them before. Every day in the year he may take up the ivork and near the
end of December J still find something new.

But it is not merely novelty, with which the reader of your book shall be
gratified. There is much, very much, of exact information, derived from
assiduous research in places inaccessible to most people. Even the errors
will have the advantage of driving some explorers to unusual fields of in-
vestigation, for the pleasure of exposing the small number of them. More
than the cost of the whole volume is well laid out for the knowledge of the
curious census, in either of the places between pages 42 and 6.5, and| page
270 to 277, respectively one hundred and fifty, and two hundred years back.
No other city in the world, I presume, can show lists of 6o distant times,
with such approach to perfection.

With great regard, I am Sir,

your much obliged fellow worker.

Temple Place, 22 Nov., 1S48. JAMES SAVAGE.

From the New England Puritan, Thursday, June 15, 1S48.

'■Boston Notions." Being an Authentic and Concise account of '■ that
Village " from 1630 to 1S47, by Nathaniel Dearborn, Author of the American
Text Book for Letters, Sfc. ^c.

In this volume of 450 pages Mr. Dearborn has brought together a vast
amount of interesting and amusing matter, embraced in almost innumerable
histoiical facts and statistics, connected with the first settlement and early
history of Boston. It will be read with avidity by all classes ; and its con-
densed mass of historical information renders it worthy to be preserved iii
the library of every family yi this goodly city.

From the Boston Morning Post, May 2, 1843.

Boston Notions; behig an Authentic and Concise Account of 'That Village^
from 1630 to 1847. by Nathi. Dearborn, Author of the A'merican Text Book
for Letters, ^e.

This thick little book of about 450 pages, contains more, it appears to
us, than any other one volume extant, excepting perhaps Webster's large
Dictionary. Mr. Dearborn has absolutely put every thing into it which
could interest any body, of any class or age, in this good cir>'. It contains
many maps and engravings, and fac-similes of antiques — everything which
is usually to be found in the "pictures" or "histories" of particular pla-
ces— every thing which is usually found (except the names) in registers,
directories, k,c. — and many things which cannot be found any where else.

One of its greatest valuables is its reprint of the first directory ever pub-
lished in Boston. The literary part of the work is written in a peculiar
and original style, which cannot fail to please. The copy sent us is hand-
somely bound in purple morocco, with gib letters and back ornaments. In
this age, when every body publishes his lucubrations, it is no easy matter
to produce any thing which shall be both " new and true ; " but we be-
lieve Mr. Dearborn has fully succeeded in giving to the world somethijig
both unique and valuable.

Mn'lnm L. H. Sigourney {'^the Mrs. Heinans of America,''^) hns penned the
/o'.lowing notice of the '^Boston Notions''^ at the request of the Avthur.

A quaint and appropriate title to a work of much research and miscellane-
ous detail. The amiquariaii rainiot but he interested by its sketches oi' the
progress of our New-England Atiiens, from its peninsular clement of Shaw-
mut, to the height of its present elegance and prosperity: from the rude
beacon with iis crowning tar barrel, liiat in 1G35 was to notify the surround-
ing country of Indian invasion, to the lofiy monument on Bunker Hill, that
n )\v speaks of a nation's glory. The book is embellished by its ingenious
auihor with a great variety of engravings.

L. H. SIGOURNEY.

From the Boston Daily Chronctype, Thursday, May 4, 1S48.

Boston Notions ; being an Authentic and Concise account of " that
Village " from 1630 to 1847, by Nathaniel Dearborn. Published by Mr.
Dearborn, at No. 104 Washington Street.

Mr. Dearborn is the father of Wood engraving in Boston, and of we
know not how many of its other notions. In the book before us he has
drawn together a vast numl)cr of historical, topographical and statistical
facts, which must be interesting to all Bostonians and perhaps to some oth-
ers. The book is furnished wiUi a copious and well arranged table of con-
tents, by which it may be easily consulted on any one of a thousand topics.

Among other rare and valuable things, it contains a list of all the citizens
of Boston for its first twenty-six years, with biogrphical remarks upon the
distinguished. It has portraits of some of our great men and of many of our
most remarkable buildings. In short, it is altogether such a book as no one
can do without who wishes to have the best knowledge of our local history,
or to look to the bottom of that fountain of -'notions," which has overflow-
ed this land. Nobody could afford to get up such a book for the price asked
for this. The author seems to have made the preparation of it a labor of
love for near half a century, and thenumerous engravings and maps in-
cluded in it are the accumulation of long, steady and persevering toil. The
paper and ink have hardly done justice to the engravings, but the knowl-
edge imparted, is not at all diminished by this oircumstance. AVe look for
a large circulation for a book so convenient and meritorious.

From the Daily Mail, June 2. 1848.

' Boston Notions.'' We know of no work of the same magnitude that gives
so many facts, figures and ilhistralions as Air. Dearbonrs ''Boston No-
tions."' For many years the author has been a.ssiduously engaged in se-
lecting liis "Notions" from the great mass that lay before him, and has
now presented the public with the result of his labors, and a grand result
it is loo. How he can afford to sell such a volume so cheap passes our
comprehension. It would seem that he has been for many years at work
poring over the records of the past, and shakhig the dust from so niajiy
tlihigs for his own amusement, but we can assure him his work will )iot fail
to amuse the public quite as much as it has him. The book contains about
450 pages and 50 engravings, all neatly printed and elegantly bound. Mr.
Dearborn, the public "owe you one." Let a man read this volume and
he will rise from its peru.'ial -with a better knowledge of the history of Bos-
ton, than he could possible get from any other source in the same time.

For this we commend the work most cheerfully to our readers. The
perusal of this volume will show the reader how it happens that Boston is
♦■ailed the "City of Notions ; " and he will find too that tJiere arc si^nie
pretty good notions. Read the book and our word for it you will not be-
grudge the time nor the expense.

From Hum's Merchants' Magazine, Jan. iei9.

Boston Notions ; being an authentic and Concise Account of-TIiat Village''
from 1630 to 1847. By Nathaniel Dearborn, anthor of the 'American Jcxl
Book for Letters, '&c. Boston : Printed by Nathaniel Dearborn.

Mr. Dearborn is an old and higlily respectable resident of Mhat village.'
Thirty-four years ago he issued proposals for publishing a similar work,
imder tlie title of a 'Picture of Boston,' but was overpersuaded. and for suffi-
cient reasons the undertaking was given up. The plan it would seeni; how-
ever, was never abandoned, and the changes that have taken place since that
time have only added to Mr. Dearborn's stores of information, and enabled
him at this time to collect a large mass of interesting items concerning the
earliest days of the settlement of that peninsula, wliich have been continued
to the present time. These items and facts, including historical sketches of
the rise and progress of Boston, its men and things, include a mass of intbr-
mation that it would be dithcult to obtain in any other foim. The work con-
tains a number of engravings appropriately illustrating the text, and alto-
gether reflects great credit on the skill and industry of llie worthy compiler.

From Gov. George N. Briggs. Oct. 1848.

The "Boston Notions" well sustains its title : it is rich with amuse-
ment and iiistruction, and contains a great amount of useful matter. The
idea of such a book was a very happy one, and it is very happily carried
out. I trust you will reap a libeiral remuneration for the care, labor and
expense in getting it up.

With great respect, I am sincerely and truly, yours ,

GEO. N. BRIGGS.

From T. W. Harris, LL. D. Librarian of Harvard University.

Dear Sir — I have looked over and read a considerable part of your
" Boston Notions," with much pleasure. The volume contains niasmiill
compass, a great deal of valuable information, and such a variety as to
suit many tastes. It will serve as a very convenient, descriptive guide to
the curiosities and public buildings of the City: the historical, statistical, find
biographical matter it coiitains will prove useful to many readers ; and the
t\vo lists of early inhabitants of " that village," with the account of some
of their ancient edifices, will gratify the lovers of antiquity. Moreover, the
work recommends itself by the neatness of the typography and the number
of the illustrations.

It has been said that " Boston folks are full of notions." May there be
no lack, so long as you can continue to supply them with such as these.
Respectfully, your friend and servant,
Cambridge. Sep. 19, 1848. T. W. HARRIS.

From the Rev. John Pierce, D. D., Brookline, Nov. 4, 1848.

Dear Sir — I have been highly gratified with perusing your " Boston
Notions. " The dry detail of facts is enlivened by the am'using anecdotes
inlerspi^rsed throughout the work. Among such an array of dates, mistakes
will almost inevitably occur ; to correct them would be the greatest tavor,
which your correspondents could confer. Matter-of-fact people have tliis
advantage over logicians and metaphysicians, that whereas these are apt
to take offence at the refutation of their arguments, one cannot confer a
higher obligation on the former, than by kindly correcting their errors.

Wishing you much success in your antiquarian researches, I am happv
to subscribe myself your fellow laborer, JOHN PIERCE.

yet, I

i lu I
me, 1

From the Quarterly Geucological Register, July, 184S.

Few works have issued from the Boston press, which have been noticed
in a more commendatory manner thaji this work by Mr. Dearborn. That
it must be a most desirable work for all persons having the least ijiterest in
what Boston was, is, and is to be, there can be no question. A mere glance
at its table of contents will bear us out in this conclusion. The author has
been long engaged upon it, and though with him it has been a labor of love,
we hope it will prove one of profit also.

Although we think he could have chosen a better title for this work
better materials than compose it, it would be difficult, if not impos.'iibie
find. One of the most extraordinary documents contained in the volume
is that of "a list of all the inhabitants of Boston, from 1C30 to 1656, with
their locations, as far as may be ascertained from the Registry of Deeds,
Book of Possessions of the Town, State Library, &c. " Another, making
almost as great an era in the history of the " Town," is an entire reprint
of the " First Boston Directory.'' This was issued originally in 17S9, and
*' Printed and sold by John Norman, Oliver's Dock. " It contained short o{
1500 names. The Directory of 1848 contains about S9,000.

The value of the " Notions " is very materially enhanced by a large
number of the most appropriate engravings ; as maps, portraits and views-

Nor haa Mt. Dearborn neglected to give that very desirable accompani-
ment, an INDEX.

CHESS PLAYER.

Nathaniel Dearborn has also compiled and published a work on chess,
which is esteemed the best explanation of that beautiful game, of any in the
market. Price 75 Cents. Also,

MOUNT AUBURN GUIDE,

Coniprising a general description of that interesting cemetery, with 50 en-
gravings on Wood, exhibiting the variety of Architectural designs for
Tombs, Temples, Shafts and Mausoleums there erected, with a map of the
roads and paths, forming altrj ether a pretty pamphlet. Price 20 Cents.

«A WAS AN ARCHER AND SHOT AT A FROG."

Also, the celebrated little work for Children; '^Aioas an arcfier a7id shot
at a frog;'' with 24 colored engravings on wood, to which has been added
a poetic moral lesson to each plate. Price 25 Cents,

MAPS.

Mr. D. has also published a large and small map of the State of Massachu-
setts ; a large and small Virinity tnap of Boston; do map qf Boston ; also,
engraved and steel plates of Notes, Drat'ts, Bills of Exchange, Checks, Bills
of Lading: and has for sale Factory labels in every variety; Cloth Tags in
Gold bronze, or printed with black: Muslin de Laine Tags, and Apothecaries
labels.

N. D. conducts the opperations in his Type Printrng Office, and also in
that o( Plate Printing : and any orders n his particular branch of Engrav-
ing, will be answered to the satisfactiou of the applicant, at 104 Washingtou
Street, (1st Chamber floor,) Boston.

BOSTON NOTIONS;

BEING AN
AUTHENTIC AND CONCISE ACCOUNT

OF

'^THAT VILLAGE,"'

FROM

1630 to 1847.

BY NATHANIEL ^EARBORN,
Author of the American Text Book for Letters, &c.

BOSTON :

PRINTED B7 NATHANIEL DEARBORN,

lO-I \Yashiugloii Street.

\ Sold by W. D. Tickiior & Co., Boston ; Henry Whipple, Salem ; W. C. Little,
I Albany; George R. Smith Sc Co., Bangor ; Wm. A. Colman, Broadway,
Nev/ York ; & J. B. Steel, New Orleans.

1848.

Entered according to act of Congresj, in the year 18U

BY NATHAXIKL DEAS30RX;

In the clerk-s office of tlie District Court of Mass»

PREFACE

Thirty-four years have nearly completed their cycle since
the compiler of this volume, issued proposals for publishing-
a similar work, to have been titled, a picture or boston.

About 300 names were on its subscription list, when be-
ing- overpersuaded, the writing department of its pages was
transferred to a person, who dallied with the oiiginal pro-
poser, until the fervor of the design had waned on the pub-
lic mind :

Three years afterwards, (in 1817) a ]2mo. volume, enti-
tled a HISTORY OF BOSTON, was issued, with his name as its
author, yet published by some other person.

The original proposition for that work, is now copied from
the BOSTON NEW ENGLAND PALLADIUM, of June 24, 1814
with the painter's pallet as th«n for its headin:r.

en

NATIIAXIEL DEARBORX,

Engraver ou Wood. School Street. Boston.

Proposes to publish by subscription, a Picture of Boston and
its vicinity: the volume will contain at least two hundred
pages and ornamented with twelve accurate ensraviniis on

IV , PU£F1CX.

wood of the public buildings in the town and suburbs; —
Proposals for which are left in each Bookstore.f where those
who wish to patronize the new style of engraving in this
part of the country,* or those who wish for a history of the
town of Boston are referred, for a more particular (elucidation
of the editor's plan.

. The volume bound, to subscribers, will be ?♦• 1.25, and in
boards, Si 12 1-2.

BosTox, June 24, 1814.

That first proposition is now redeemed : a large mass of
interesting items have been collected concerning the earliest
days of the settlement of this peninsula, and which have
been continued to the present time : considerable labor has
been devoted on many parts of the volume ; and if the ar-
rangement of the whole, is not quite so methodical as is
desirable in a work of this nature, it is yet anticipated to
claim some attention from the citizen and the antiquary ;
errors are inseparable from almost every literary production,
but care has been exercised to commit as few as possible :
should life be extended and another edition be required,
exertions will be made for improving the pages with matter
and in manner.

THE COMPILER.

Boston, March, 1848.

tAt that date there were but about eight Bookstores in Boston.
♦That of engraving on V/ood, introduced into Boston in the latter part of
the year 1811, by the Author of this work. *^

EXORDIUM.

In co'irxplling a work of so many elements as the xVilowing
pages exhibit, a generous kindness on the part of those from
^vhoi'n authentic information shoukl have been derived, was
hoped for and even expected : those hopes and expectations
have been battled but in few instances : the erudite citizens
of our own soil have freely given th«ir aid to enrich the
volume with statistical tables or with matter of importance ;
and which we now acknowledge with sentiments of grar
itude.

The clergy- of the various churches, with the venerable
Dr. Pierce of Brookline, have afforded libei?.! a.ssistance in
perfecting that department of its history.

The invaluable libraries of the Boston Athencer.ni and of
Harvard University, through their gentlemanly librarians,
have been rendered free to the compilers use : the maiiy
volumes and pamphlets examined for information could not
be chronicled, but a mass of items have been gleaned from
the following sources :

Records of the Town of Boston, at the City Hall,
do. in the Registry of Deeds Ofhce.
do. in the State Library.
The above have been mostly copied to the year 1656. by
a careful young artist, during seven weeks labor.

Winthrop"s Journal by James Savage, 2 vols., 8vo.

Holmes' American Annals, 2 vols. 8vo.

Snow's History of Boston, 1 vol. 8vo.

Ancient Charters, and Laws of the Colony. Svo.

Mass. Historical Collections, 29 vols. Svo.

liamsay's History of the American Revolution. Q vdIs. 8vo.

VI EXOKDIUM,

Morse's American Revolution, 8vo.

Farmer's Geneulosical Register, 8vo.

Files of the Columbian Centinel.

Monthly Anthology, 10 vols.

Bradford's History of Massachusetts, 8vo.

Whitman's Historical Sketch of the Ancient and Hen.
Artillery Company.

Buckingham's Polyanlhos, 8 vols.

Shattuck's (Lemuel,) Census of Boston.

Mr. Stephen P. Fuller, our veteran and excellent Sur-
veyor, added many items of interesting locations to the
pages of the early inhabitants in this work, and to those of
later improvements.

HISTORICAL ANECDOTE.

Prssideat John Adams was minister to England in t/So, and often met with
Sir Benjamin West, the American painter : one day ?»Ir. "W. asked Mr. A .
ifhe should like to see the cause of the Revolutionary AVar which jrave
freedom and independence to America ; and if so. a short walk would exhibit
it to him ; this being- an interesting subject, they vv-alked to Hyde Park, near
the serpentine river Thames: wlien Mr. W. observed, that King Charles
II. came to the throne while a young man, .surrounded with flattering cour-
tiers, who declaimed against the mean appearance of his palace, as wholly
unworthy of the monarch of England; adding that there wa.s not a sover-
eign of Europe, who was lodged so poorly ; that his sorry old brick palace
of St. James more resembled a stable, and that he ought to build a princely
edifice, suited to his station, and an honor to the kingdom : the King was
f )nd of .sh)'.v am! of Architecture, and readily listened to their suggestions,
which were in fact all true.

This spot, said Mr. W. you now see, was selected for the cite of the new
palace: th3 King applie I to his miaisters on the subject, and they enquired
what sum would be required for the purpose : he answered that he could
begin with one million : they stated that the expenses of the French war
had pro turret poverty in the treasury, but that his iMajesty's wishes should
be taken into full consideration. Some time afterwards, the King M^ns
informed that the calls on the treasury were too urgent to supply him from
their present means, but that a revenue might be raised in America, to sup-
ply all his v/ishes, this suggestion was followed by action, and the scheme
for taxiiig the colonies was carried into effect, for the purpose of building a
Palace for his Majesty: but as the Americans did not agree to build it, the
o; 1 !)rick Iwiil ling yet stand« with ail iis accredited qualities.

DIRECTIONS TO THE

CONTENTS OF THIS VOLUME,

List of ihe Citizens of Boston from lOSO to IGrG, page 4.2 lo Co.

List of do. for 1695, page 270 to 277.

Firdl Directory published in Boston 17t9. page 247 to 2G2.

liist of Congregational Ivjini&ters fiom iGcO to 1S47, page 210 to 221.

OiJ Siruets in Boston with new names, page 176 to 180.

Absence from church, 27.

AcaJciny of Arts and Sciences, 193.

Academy of .Music, 287, 3S2.

Acts of Trade, llti.

Adams. Saml. 125, 128, 131, 133, 134,
139, 143. 147, ir,(), 174, 3c!U.

Adams. John, 136, 147.

Adams' Power Press, 269.

Adams. Hon. John Q. 260.

Adams House, 375.

Adjutant General's Office, 175.

Agreeiaeut not to import from Great
Britain, 121, 124, 129.

Albany street built, 239.

Aldermen for the City, 413.

Aldertoii Point, 412.

Alexander Emperor, 281.

Allen. Col. Elh'an, iii England. 89.

Alker's public house, Phillip's bh. 378.

Almshouse Boston, 213.

Allotments of land, 21.

Alston. Washington 421

Americans killed at Bunker Hill, 154.

American army quartered, 159.

American Bapust Miss. Union, 881.

Ancient Streets of Bo-ston with mod-
ern names, 176 to 180.

Andros. Sir Edmund 18, 78, 79, 97,
167, 312

Anecdote of Dr.Chauncy's negro, 303.
do. Mrs. Dr. Cooper, 317

do. Rev. Mr. Buckminster, 317.
do. Rev. John Murray, 335.

Angler. Amos, (teacher) 167.

Ann street improved, 294.

Antinomian Controversv. 30.

Anti-Slavery Society, Mass. 383.
Ajipeal lo liie citizens on account of

the tea, 141.
Appleton. Thomas, 301, 349.
Arbella ship arrived at Salem, 14.61.
Arms, every perison to have iheni, 67.
Arms and ammunition procured by

our people, 149.
Artesian Wells, 238, 242.
Artillery Co Ancient and Hon. 35,93.
Assessors for the City, 413.
Assemblm? of the citizens armed in

Cambridge, 148.
Aspinwail.^'Wm. 33, 43.
Asylum for Indigent Boys, 173.
Asylum lor the Blind. 8t;6.
Asylum for the Insane, 241.
Atheiifeum Library, Boston, 195.
A*iheiiaeum Theiitre, 291.
Attacks. Crispns, killed March 5, 132.
Auchmuiy. Mr. 139.
Austin. Hon. Benjn. 211, 235.
Austin. Ann, a quaker, 89.

Baker. Benj. F. 302.

Baker. Jolm, whipt, 186.

Ball at Concert h. Mrs. Gambia, K'?.

Ball, cannon, in Brattle st. ch. 317.

Balsione. Wm. ) ond other ciii-

Barrel. Geo., 44, | zens from J630

Bishop. Nathaniel. ) to 16.56, 42 to 65.

Baldwin. Rev. '1 liomus, 236, 327.

Balloon Ascen.sion. 2(.'9.

Barber Chirurgeon. froze to death, 88.

Barrett and Harper. 286.

Barrel!. Georg-e. 43.

Vlll.

CONTENTS.

Barrett -fX. hiiilt, 205.

Biirrell'.s. Tiioiiias t-sUtc, 241.

Baniicoat. Win. 414.

Barry. Mr., 28<).

Baptist Education Society, 3S4.

Baptist meeting house, lO'O.

Ba.<set. Lieut., 131.

Battle at Concord and Lexington, 153.

Bathing Rooms, 278.

Bath street stores, 293.

Baudouin. Rev. I'. Bowdoin fain. 101.

Beacon Hill, 1ft, 73, 223.

Beacon st. buildings, 223.

Bellinghain. R. 27. 44, G9, 104. lfi.5,lSG.

Belcher. Gov. 323.

Bendail. Edw. 37, 39, 44, 70, 94.

Benevolent Prater, of Churches, 3S1.

Bennet street, laid out, 44.

Bernard. Gov. Francis 120, 122, 125,

126, 127, 129.
Bible Society, Mass., .383.
Bigelow. Dr. Jacob, 4IG.
Billerica street built, 294.
Biimey. Col. Amos, 231.
Blackstone. Wm., IG, 17, 24, 44, 69.
Blake. Hon. Geo. 237.
Block, cor Slate and Chatham r. 298.

do. do. Chatham r. and Butler's

square, 293.

(io. do. Court and Howard si. 298

do. on Tremont street, 298.

do. Chilson Place, 298.

do. on Alilen's lane, 299.
Boardinj house for females, xx.
Boggust. .fohn, set in the stocks, ISG.
Booth. Mr., 289.
Bonner's map of Boston, 2G3.
Bowdoin. .lames, 101, 139, 147, 163.
Bowdoin block, Milk st. 293.
Bowditch. Nathaniel, 198. 419.
Bowditch Library, 199, 383.
Bowen's. Mr. Museum, 227.
Boylston Hall, 301, 342, 359.
Boylston. Dr. Zabodiel, 192.
Boston sts. (old, with new names) 176.
Boston Museum, 229, 13G.
Boston Dispensarv, 229, 247, 3S2.

do. Port Society, 231, 3.s2.

do. Female Asylum, 233, 382.
Boston Free Library, 244.
Boston Directory for 1789, 247.
Boston Mill Corporation, 223.
Boston Library Society, 195.
Boston people return, 1G2.
Boston Port Bill, 145. 155, 161.
Boston Markets. 33, 111.
Boston Mechanics' As.sociation, for

watching the British army. 152. I
Boston. Wm. 68.

Boston, IG, !7, 24. 6.S, 9,3, 97, 111, 129.

Boston Common, 17, 296,

Boston Census Tables, 267.
do. Theatres, 285.

Boston people, 42, 84, 247, 270.
do. Benefactions, 381.
do. Farm School, 173, 382.

Boston Authorities buv their own
land, 206.

Bo.ston Benefit Society, 382.

Boston Lyceum, 382.

Boston Marine Society, 382.

do. Port Society, 231, 382,

Boston Fire Department, 414.

Boston Harbor Islands, 412.

Boston Massacre. 131.

Boston neck fortified, 147.

Boston town meeting in Milton. 148.

Boston Society of Natural Hist'., 200.

Bo.-non tleiiounced as " a nest of lo-
custs," 145.

Boston Seaman's Friend Soc. 230,383.

Bosworth. Zacheus, 45.

Bradstreet. Gov. 79,' 99.

Bradwick. Joyce fined $20 for not
marrying Alex Becke, 68.

Branch Bank of the U. S. 217.

Brattle street barracks, 131.

Brattle St. Church, 160, 212, 226.

Brattle street built, 224.

Brazer"s building, cor. State and Dev-
onshire sts., 293.

Brenton. Wm. 45, 186.

Brick Church, (Old) 162.

Bride's Weeden, public house, 376.

Bridewell, 213.

Bridges, 175.

Brighton hotel, by Curdy, 377.

Brimmer. Geo. Watson, 198.

Bristol ship captured, 66.

Britten. J. executed for adultery, 185.

British expedition to Marshfield and
Salem, 150.

British .squads in harbor beaten. 155.

British army " burn for a fight," 156.

British Aggressions, 116.

British Recruits quartered. 121.

British Troops, 126, 127, 147.

British rescind duties except tea, 155.

British collector contemned. 75.

British troops driven from Boston, 161

British prisoners taken, 162.

Broad street built. 223.

Brooks Hall Odd Fellows, 385.

Brooks' block. Pearl st. 292.

Brookline Punch Bowl tavern, 377.

Bromfield. John, 198.

Brown's John L stores. 296.

Bruce. Capt. J. ship Elinor, tea, 1-13,

CONTEXTS.

IX

Buetts, Hugh, guilty of heresy, 72.
Building-, ord, comer of Ann St., 39.
Building- 94 Washington st. 296.
do. 122 State st. 296.
do. corner Hanover and Mar-
shall .sts., 298.
Eumstead Place, 223.
Bunker Hill, 156, 159, 265, 2S2, 378.
Bunker Hill Monument, 2«2.
Burgoyne. Gen. 155.
Burning of heretics at Smithfield, 7.
Barning of Charlestown, 157.
Buitall. Leonard, 45.
Bute. Lord, 117.
Button. John, 46.
Eyies. Rev. Dr. Matthew, 212.

Caldwell. .Tas. shot by the British sol-
diery, 132.

Cambridge robbed by the British, 147.

Cambridge bridge, 209.

•Cambridge, 18, 25, 147, 175. 375.

Campbell. John, 106.

Canada, 116, 180-184.

■Cannon ball in Brattle .st. ch. 317.

Can. Peter, shot by British, 132.

Carr. Col. 133.

Carter Richard, ) with other citi-

Cole. Samuel, 46, [ zei;s of Boston,

Copp. AVm., 47, ) from page 42 to 65

Carver. John, chosen Governor, 9.

Ca.*t!e Island, 126, 144, 101, 379, 412.

Cattle Fair Hotel, Brighton, 377.

Catholics in England, 79.

Cap. of a vessefin Boston harbor, 66.

Cattle to be kept from the neck, 69.

Causes which led to the emigration of
the Puritans, 7.

Cau.se of American Independence, vi.

Cemetery at Mt. Auburn, 415.

Congress street (Quaker lane) 22.

Central wharf built, 223.

(Census tables of Boston, 267.

Cbanning. Rev. Dr. Wm. E. 421.

Channel betw. Boston and S. B. 279.

Chantry's Washhi<,'-ton, 175.

C!iarle.stovvn Plantation, 12, 65.

Cliarlestown, 378.

Charlestown bridge, 207.

Charlestown burnt, 157.

Charlestown st. built 223.

Charles river windings. 12, 411.

Charitable Fire Society, 383.

Charitable purposes, amount, 381.

Charter Street, 99.

Charter, a new colony, 97.

Chauncy. Rev. Dr. 226.

Chel.sea'beach h. by J. Bowditch, 330.

Chtuoy. Saml. (teacher) 168.

Cheever. Ezekiel (teacher) 166.

Cheever. Capt. Ezekiel, capt. of the
tea watch, 143.

Cheeseliorongh. W. 23, 46, G8.

Ch3ckle>'s Rev. Mr. church, 225,

Chemistry, 269

Ciiickeriiig. Jonas, 302.

Cliicalabot. Sachem, 10, 26.

Children's Friend Society, 382.

Chime of bells, 320.

Chinese Museum, 229.

Christ's Church, 207, 212.

Church corn.er N. Bennet and Hano-
ver sis. 215.

Church in the N. sq. 159, 212. 268.

Church, the first, 27, 105, 106.

Church. Capt. 41.

City hall, 214.

City Government, 235, 413.

City Library proposed, 244.

City Fire Department, 414.

City Council, 413.

City Gov. buy their own land. 206.

Citizens of Boston for 1789, 248 to 262

Citizens of Boston for 1695, 270 to 277.

Citizens return to Boston, 162.

Clark. Dr. .John, 46.

Clark. Capt. Thomas, 46.

Clark & Sons, Rich., tea merch. 140.

Clark. Mr. and Mrs. Freeman, repre-
manded 67.

Clapp. Roger, 13, 46.

Clinton. Gen. 155.

Cochituate, Q uochituat Water, 374.

Coddington. John, 46, 1S6.

Coffin.Capt. brig Beaver with tea, 143.

Cogan.J., opened 1st shop, 25, 46, 185.

Co.Tgeshail. John, 33, 46.

Cohasset Rocks H. P. Bates. 379, 412.

Coh.asset Village house, by T. Morey,
379.

Cook. Dr. Elisha, 99.

Colburn. deacon, Wm. 23, 47, 69, IcG.

Cole. John, (teacher) 168.

Cole. Robert a drunkard, 46.

Coleman. Alex, a quaker, 91.

Colony Charter, 12, 73, 97.

Colonization Societv. Mass. 284.

Colonnade Row built 224.

Column on Beacon hill, 19.

Colver. Rev. Mr. 289.

Collymore Isaac fmed for selling his
house, 69.

Commercial exchanges, 35.

Company trainings 67.

Coinpton. John 94.

Complaints aerainst the king, 137.

Committee of Safety, h^9.

Couimon, Boston, 17, 200

OONT£NTS.

Compensation deraaiuled for damage
by mobs, 1-Jl.

Commissioners of Cnstoms, 122.

Coiiant Roger, at Nantasket, 11.

Concord battle, 153.

Concert hall, 127, 137.

Condy. Jeremiah^ (teaelier) 1(>7.

Conduit or Water Tank, 53.

Congress at Philadelphia, 147

Congregational ministers trom 1G30
to 1847, 21()-221.

Consignees of tea at Castle Island, 141

Constitution of the State, 1G3.

Convention for forming the Constitu-
tion- 1G4, 323.

CopaL John, 47, 18G.

Copp's Hill, OG, 92, 119, 156, 207, 223,
284, 295.

Cornish. Catherine, 22.

Cornhill street. 224.

Cotton. Rev. f. 2.5, 2G, 30, 47, 32, 186-

Cotting. .^Ir. 224.

Court of Assistants, 16, 67.

Court house, 214.

County jail, 214.

Court, First Ceneral, 13

Cove Mill, filling up of. 72.

Covenant Hall Otid Fellows, 385.

Cragie's bridge, 209.

Creek Mill, 20.

Crim con. punished Aviih death, 6S.

Cross street, laid out, 5G.

Crown Point and Ticonderoga, 155.

Crufi Block on Pearl st. 292.

Cunard Steamers, 242.

Cushing. Mr. J. garden. 376.

Cushing. Thos. 120, 125,' 128, 147, 163.

Custom House, 224, 225.

Cyclades house, Scituatc, Hayden.381

CHURCHES ACCORDING TO THEIR
DATE OF SETTLEMENT.

First Congregational church, 302.
Second do Old North, 303.
First Baptist church, 306.
Third Cong. Old Soulh. 309.
Um'tarian, King's Chapel, 3U.
Fourth Cong. Brattle street, 315.
Cong. New North, 317.
Cong. New South, 318.
2d Episcopal. Christ's Churcli, 319.
Cong. Federal street, 321.
Cong. Holiis street, 323.
2d Episcopal, Trinity, 324.
9lh Cong. West (^Ihurch, 325.
2d Baptist, Baldwin place, 326.
Cong. School street, 327.
Sandemanian Society. 373.
Ten Mcthodiit Churches. 329.

French ProtPitant Churcn, 100.
F'riends or Quakers, 91.
Tenth Congregational Church, 215.
Roman Catholic Church of the Holy

Cross, 332.
First Uiuversalist Church, 334.
Christian Church, (Sumneraud Broad

street.*) '.i'Mi.
African Baptist Church. 337.
Third Baptist Churcli, 338.
Park St. Congregational Church, 339.
St. Matthews, Episcopal do. 340.
2d Univer.sali.sl Church, 341.
New Jerusalem, Swedenborg ch. 341.
Hawes Place Church, (Uni!arian)343.
Union Ch. (Essex st. Cong,) 344.
St. Paul's (Episcopal) 345.
St. Augustine, Roinan Cath. 346.
Green street lieyden Chapel, ;}47.
Bulfinch street Church, 347.
12th Con.gregational Church, 348.
Phillip.*' Cong. Church, 348.
Bowdoin street Cong. Church, 348.
Purchase Cong. Church, 349.
Rowe street Baptist Church, 349.
Salem street Cong. Church. 350.
Pine street Cong! Church, V351.
South Boston Bapti.st Church, 351.
South Cong.. Ch. corner Custlc and

Washington streets, 352.
Mariner"s"Ch. Purchase st. 3-53.
Grace Episcopal Church, 333.
Universalist Ch. South Boston. 354.
Warren street Chapel. 354.
Central Cong. Church' AYinter st.3.j6.
St Mary's Roman Caih, Church, 356.
Pitts street Chapel Cong. 357.
5lh rniyer.'ali.st Ch. Warren st. 357.
Maverick Cong. Ch. E. Boston. 35.8.
St. Patrick R.C Ch. Ilamplou st. 358,
Suflblk St. Cluipel. cor. Riithuid. 358.
Harvard st. Bapti.st church, 3(i0.
Tremont Chapel Baptist church. 360.
Bowdoin Square Baptist Ch. 3()0.
Gth Universalist Ch. E. Boston. 361.
(rerman Evang. Ch. Shawmul St. 361.
Church of the Disciples, 361.
Garden street Chapel, Cong. 362.
ITolv Trinity, R. C. Suffolk .st. 362.
Mount Vernon Cong. Ch. 363.
St. John BapJist R. Cath. Ch. 363.
Church of the Messiah. Epis. 364.
Freewill Bap.Ch.Marll)0i'o- Chap.3()4.
Church of the Advent. Episcopal. 3()4.
AVest Universalist ChCliardon st.365..
Baptist Society, East Boston, 365.
Church of St. Nicholas, do 365.
Orthodox Sutfolk st. Union. ^66.
Broadw RV. l'..B. Unitarian Soc. 366.

CONTENTS,

:28tii Cong-. Cli. Melodeon, 366.

Mariuer's Belliel, North Square, 231.

Church of the Adveiitists, 367.

Union Baptist Church, 367.

East Boston 2d Cong. Society, 368.

Payson Cong. Church, 368.

Cong-. Church, Indianna street, 368.

Church ot'the Saviour, 369.

Boston Baptist Bethel, 370.

8outh Universalist Society, 371.

Universalist Free Church, 371.

Seamen's Chapel, 371.

Church of the Pilgrims, 371.

St. Stephen's Clia^pel, 371.

Zion's Church, 372.

Society of Unit)nists, 372.

1st Independent Irish Protestant. 373.

Independent Bethel, 373.

Daille. Rev. Mr. 101.

Daily passing to and Irom Boston, 221.

Dalton block. Congress st. 296.

Dalrymple. Col. 133.

Dartmouth ship with tea, 141, 142.

Daugerreotype miniatures, 269.

Davenport. Rev. John, 103

Davenport. Capt. Rich. 48.

Davis. Capt. Edw. 266.

J>awes. Hon. Thomas, 235.

Daw. John and the Indian woman, 22.

Deaf, dumb and blind writing let. 269.

Dearborn block. Federal st. 295.

Dearborn. Benj. 247.

Declaration of Independence, 163.

Declaration of Rights, 138.

Dedham, Boston" town meeting held

there, 148.
Dedication of Mt. Auburn Cem. 415.
Deer Island, emigrants, 380, 412.
Dell. George, 48.
Delegates to Con. Congress, 147.
Delegates from 98 towns, 125.
Derby range of stores, &c. 294.
Destruction of Buildings in Boston by

the British, 159.
Destruction of property by a mob, 118.
De.struction of signs of royalty, 212.
Detention of citizens by Gage, 155.
Devastation of Boston ch. 160, 212.
Diamond block, Hanover st. 294.
Dice and Gaming Tables, 23.
Dickson. Jas. A. 286.
Difficulty, ship of war Romney, 124.
Directory, no. of names each yr. 247.
Distances of the Boston Islands, 412.
Ditson, tarred aud feathered by the

British, 151.

Distresses of Boston citizens, 147.
Di\isi()n of public lands, 21, 24.
Dock Square, 22.
Dormer. Capt. 88.
Dorchester Heights, 160.
Dorchester^ 16,"24.

Douglas Wm. to be a townsman, 70.
Dowse. Francis, 48.
Doyle's. Mr. Museum, 227.
Drinking punished, 27.
Duchene's. Madame Museum, 227.
Dudley. Joseph, 76, 77, 80.
Dudley. Thos. 13, 23, 25, 48, 92.
Dunlon. Mr. account of lraini)ig, 86.
Dunster. Hejiry, 48, ^ and other citi-
Dyer. Wm. vzens from page

Davis. Wm. ) 42 to 65.

Dupee. EliaS; (teacher) 168.
Dutton. Lieut. 267.
Duties oif from all goods but tea, 135
Duty on tea, glass and colors, 121.
Dwelling house, 1 to be on a lot, 187.

Ears cut off, 36.

Earthquake, 111.

East Boston, 15, 25, 241.

Ea.stern Railroad, 242.

East India Company, 139, 142.

Education Society, American, 381.

Eels and lobsters", 186.

Etliges Stamp Act, 117.

Egg Rock, 412.

Eliot. Rev. John, S3.

Eliot. Rev. Dr. Andrew', 162, 212.

Eliiior (ship) with tea, 143.

Eliot. Dea. Jacob, 1 with other citi-

Eaton. Nath. [ zens, from page 42

Ewer. Simon, ) to 65.

Emblems of Royalty destroyed, 212.

Emigration of Puritans, (causes) 7.

Emigrants, (Retrospection) 80.

Emigrants, distresses, 15.

Eminent places near to Boston, 375.

Encampment hall, Odd Fellows, 385.

Endicott street, 223.

Endicott. John. 12, 14, 41, 84.

English High School, 170, 171.

Engineers of Fire Department, 414.

Episcopal Board of Missions, 382.

Episcoimlians, 91.

Ethiopean Singers, 291.

Evacuation of Boston by British, 161.

Everett. Hon. Edward, 237.

Everill. James, 49.

Exchange Coffee House, 211.

Exports" from the Colony, 35.

Eye and Ear Infirmary, 383.

Fall River Railroad, 411.

CONTENTS.

Famine, (danger of) b3.

Faneuil. Peter, 112.

Faueuil hall, 37, 112, 115, 124. 130,

143,160,161,285.
Fairbanks, llicli. sold 2 houses, 21.

do. leave given to sell shop, 70.
Field. Robert, ) and other citizens,
Franklin. Wm. ) pages 42 to 65.
Farmers Exchange bank, 211.
Farm School, 173, 382.
Fasting and prayer observed, 15, 72.
Fatherless and Widows Society, 382.
Federal st. warehouses, 2f)3.
Federal street theatre, 2S5.
Federal Constitution, 104^.
Female Asylum, 2;33, 3S2.'
Fence around the common, 17.
Feiry to Charlestown, 18.
Ferry street built, 295.
Fifth of March Orations, 136.
Finn. Mr. 287.
Fire engines in 1789, 247.
Fire Department, (City) 414.
Firewards, 106.
'Fires, 38, 23, 105, 114, IIG, 127, 155,

204, 213, 324.
Fish house, 37S.
Fisher. Mary, a quaker, 69.
First shop in Boston, 25, 4G.
First tavern in Boston, 25, 46.
Fitchburg Railroad, 409
Flower garden w. of the common, 207.
Fort on the common, 17.
Fort hill, 18, 70, 118. 164, 184, 224.
Fort Independence, 379, 412.
Fort at New Castle, N.H. taken, 14S.
Fort on Dorchester heights, 161.
Formation of Senate and House of

Rep. 40.
Fortification Gates, 108, 147, 150.
Franklin Place, 222
Franklin. James, 107.
Franklin. Benjamin. 107. 139, 171,

188, 222, 264.
Free City liibrary, 244.
French Protestant Church, 100.
French ship taken by Indians, 87.
Fresh pond hotel, 376.
Friends meetincr hou.ses, 91.
Funeral of Snider, 130.

do. those shot on 5th March, 134.
Fulton street improved, 295.

Gaje-Gen. 124, 146, 147, 148. 155, 159.
Ga?er. Dr. Wm. 50, 83.
Gallop. John, 50.
Games prohibited, 20.
Gambia. Mrs. her ball, 137.
Gardner. Col. 159.

Gardner. Cato, 037.

Gas lichls, 269.

General Court, 2.5, 27, 31, 13«. 147,143-

General hospital, (Mass.) 240, 3»4.

Genealogical Society. 384.

Generosity of Bostoinans, .331.

George's island Fort, 379, 412.

Geology, unfolding wonders, 269.

Gerrish block. Aim st. 294.

Gibbs' house, Fort hill.

Gibson. Christopher, 50.

Gibbens. Maj. Gen. Edw. ) witl- other

Gridley. Richard, Jciiizei;s.

Gunnison. Hugh, ) p. 42 to 65'

Gi!ibrd.A. pauper, return to Eng. 110.

Glassgow Man of War, 156, 158.

Goodwin's J. family bewitched, 109.

Gookin. Maj. Gen. Daniel, 50.

Gorham. JVath. 207.

Governor's Island, 412.

Governors, salary to be paid bv the

Crown, 137.
Governor's room, 176.
Goulworth. John, set in stocks, 166.
Grammar schools, 165, 171.
Granary, Boston, 213.
Granite store house, Winter st. 295.

do 2.34 Washington street, 295.

do bk. 2S1, 285, 287 Wash. st. 295„

do cor. Wash, and Fi.ssex. st. 296..

do do and Boylston sts. 296.

do do and Spring lane, 206.

do do 95 and 97 Wash. st. 29S.

do d.o State and Broad sts. 296.

do do Wash, and West sts. 296.

do do Wash, and Winter sts. 296,

do building 91 Washington st. 297.

do do J 92 do ' 297.

do do cor. Wash, and Winter. 297.

do block on Washington .st. 297

do do 237 and 241 do 297.

do do 117 and 121 Washington, 297.

do do of six stores on do 297.

do do three stores. Wasliington st.
near West st. built by Eliphalet Ba-
ker, not E. Davis, as at page 297.
Granite block, corner Wilson's lane-

and Wash. st. three stores, 298.

do froiit cor. State and Dev. sts. 293.

do block 52, 54, 56 58 Pearl st. 29S..

do do near Pearl st. house, 298.

do cor. Court and Bulfinch sts. 298.

do store 72 State st. 298.
Graupner. Gottlieb, .301.
Graves.T. with others from Salem, 12.
Gray. Samuel, killed .March 5, 132.
Grav. Francis Galley, 19S.
Gray Rev. Fred. T. 423.
Green Dragon buildinj , 217.

CUhTLSJS.

xm

Greensmith. Stephen, 56.

Greeiileaf. Sheriff, 142.

Greenwood's Mr. Museum. 227.

Griffin's (Liverpool) wharf, 143, 204.

Grosse. Isaac, 50.

Gunpowder plot, 119.

Guide to strangers for excursions near

Boston, 375.
Guide through Mt. Auburn Cam. 417

Haggerston's D. public house, 878.
Hall. Capt. of the Dartmouth, 142.
Hamilton place built 223.
Hancock. Gov. Jn., 122, 125. 128, 133,

135, 142, 143, 15G, 163, 174, 207.
Hancock st. built 223.
Handel and Haydn Society, 301.
Hands. Mark 51.
Hanover street stores. 294.
Harding. Robt. ) with other citi-
Hawkins. Richard, V zens, pages 42 to
Hutchinson. Wm. ) 65.
Harmony Hall Odd Fellows, 3S5.
Harris. Thaddeus Wm. 176.
Harrison Avenue built 239.
Harrison. Wm. Henry, 399.
Harvard University, 127, 175.
Hatsall. George, 51.
Hawkins. Capt. John 51.
Hawes John, 343.
Ilaymarket theatre, 236.
Hayward. John, postmaster, 109.

Haynes. Gov. John, 27, 51.

Henchman. Daniel, (teacher) 166.

Heudursoa. J (sheriff) 164.

Henry. Patrick, 117.

Henshaw. Joshua, 133.

Heretics burnt in Smithfield, Eng. 7.

Heresies in Boston, 30.

Hibbins. Ann, ext-cuted, 35, 51, 86.

Hill. Valentine, 37, 51.

Hills. George, 240.

Hingliam. Old Colony house, 379.

Hitchborn block, Ann st. 294.

Hodgkinson. Mr. 287.

Hog Island lotted out, 166.

HoUis St. clmrch, 160, 205, 212.

Home Missionary Society, Mass. 334.

Hopkins, branded for selling guns, 68.

Horticultural Society, Mass. 293, 384.

Houcliin. , Jeremy 52.

House, one only to be on a lot, 1S7.

House for destitute children and fe-
males, XX.

Hough. Aiherton. 52.

House of Correction, 213.
do Industry, 213.

Howard AtheufEum, 291.

Howard B«nevolent Society, 234, 3?3.

Bow*. (J*.n. 155, 1.59, 1«3. 279. 314. 317

Howe. Mr. Rufus, Mt. Auburn, 416.

Howe. Edw. 206.

Hudson street built 239

Hull house by Moses B. Tower, 381.

Humphrey. Daniel, .374.

Humane Society 234.

Hunt eiUraps 27 Indians, 10.

Hurricane, 111

Hutchinson. Gov. Thomas. 119, 129,

133, 134, 13S, 139, 144, 146, 263.
Hutchinson. Capt. Thos. 167.
Hutchinson. Elisha, 181.
Hutchinson. Mrs. Ann, 30, 34, 52.

Idleness and tobacco takers pun. 71.

[acrease of travel to Boston. 221.

Incident of the Revolution, 265. 267.

Indian war with the Pequods, 4h

Indians in the Old South church, 145.

India wharf built, 223.
do street do 223.

Inhabitants of Boston in 1695, 270.

Inhabitants refuse to use imported ar-
ticles, 121. 124, 129.

Inhab. of Boston in 1789, 248 to 262.

lagraham. Wm. 53.

luiilish.Wm. ) and other citizens from

Ivans. M. | 1630 to 1656, p. 42 to 65

Insult to the cit. by a ship's crew, 25.

Institution for the Blind, 269, 366.

Inscriptions on Beacon hill mon. 19.

Instruction, paid for, 381.

Instructions to the Selectmen, 95.

Insane persons, house for. 213.

Intent to tar and feather, 135.

Improvements in buildings, 292.

Impressment in Boston, 36, 123.

Irish woman, an inhabitant, 22.

Islands in Boston harbor, 412.

Italian Singers, 292.

Jackson. Andrew, 394.

Jackson Edmund, j ^^^^^ ^^j,„ ^-^-^^^

Jo% Thomas, ^^ gg

Judkms. Job, J

Jail on Leverett street, 214.

James 2d, King, 78.

Jealous: (Bostonians) of thoir political

rights, 74.
Jenner. Dr. 193.
Johnson. Lady Arbella, 81.
Johnson. Isaac, 14, 23, 53, 81.
Johnson's Capt. military appeal, 85.
Jones, Margaret executed, 86.
Josselyit. John, 65.
Judges to be paid by the Crown, 136.
Juvenile offenders, honse for, 213.

Keayne. Capt. Robt. 34. 41. 53, 185.
Kilner. Mr. 2B7.

XIV

CONTKKTS.

Keaj'iie. Boiij. )^„,^ olhor citizens,
Kelly. David,') I'^Jr^* 42 lo b..
Killrov-iM.Briiisb soldier braudedjlSG.
Kilby'sireet, 93, 179.
Kimball's Moses, museum, 228.
Kiue Pock, 193.
Kings arms taken down, 212.
King James II., 11, 77, 79.
King Wm. and Queen Mary, 79.
King's Cliapel burying ground. 23. 53.
King Charles II., 35, 06, 74, 77.
Knig and his Parliaiuenl at issue, 66.
Kin? Phillip, 41, 104.
Kirkland. John Thornton, 422.
Knoxrer. Thos. in the bilboes, 54.
Kujpp- Nicholas lor curing scurvy/io.

Ladies dresses regulated, 71

Ladies lair at Fancuil hall, 2S4.

Ladies resolve not to use tea, 135.

Lady Arbella Johnson, 14, bi .

La Fayette. Gen. 282.

Land in Boston, increase of, 65.

Land Office, 175.

Lands to plant, 25.

Lands, estates in fee simple, 22.

Latham. M. executed for adultery, 1S5.

Latin school house, 107, 171.

Laud. Bishop, S5.

Laurie. Rev. Mr. 101.

Lauriat. Lewis A. 209.

Laws, Primitive, 20, 27, 67, 110.

Laws to be framed, 27. I

Law against tobacco. 26.

Lawrence block, Milk St.. 293.

Lawsou. Christo]ilier, 38. 54.

Leavitt's L. house, Nantasket b. 379.

Leaders of the rebels to be sent to

England, 152.
Lecture, Thursday. 25.
liCgge. John, whipt tor striking, 6S.
Leverett. Thomas, 28, 54.
TiCverett. Gov. John, 54, 95.
Lewis. Jolni, ) with other citizens,
Lloyd. James, > pages 42 to 65, com-
Low. John. ) prising 26 years.
licwis. Thomas, 265.
Lexington bailie, 152.
liiberty Hall, 123.
Liberty Squtire, 23.
Liberty Tree, 118, 119. 123, 140, 160.
Library of the Slate, 199.
Library proposed. City, 244.
Light house on Great Brewster, 108.
liighthouse Lslaud. 412.
Lillie. Theo. liiiltdcss importer. 129.
Lincoln .street buili. 239.
Lion ttii.-aire. 2-8.

to 05.

List n." ihc people of T>o.'«lon fir year
l(i!»5. page 270, and lor 1789, p. 248.
Lillie Kniily. (.Mt. Auburn) 422.
Lillie Hog Island. 380.
Livingston street built, 294.
Long pond or " Quochitual '" 374.
Long wharf, 105.
lioss of the Colony Charter, 73.
Lottery, grant for a, 115.
Lowell railroad. 409.
Lowell lectures, 2!:0.
Lowell street built, 294.
Ludlow. Roger, 13, 25, 54. 87.
Lyceum (Boston.) 382.
Lynde street church, 160, 212.
liynn street built, 223.
Lyn. II. whipt & banished. .55. 70,106.
Lyon ship with provisions, 32.
Lytherland. Wm. 55.

Mackey. Gen. 128.
Maine Extension railroad, 409.
Market improvements, 38, 111, 2-37.
Market streets, North and Sonlli, 38.
Makepiece. Thomas, 1 „.;,, „,. „ ,;,
T\r„„ i!„n i„i .. with oiher cit-

Merrey. AValter, )

Mande. Danl. 55, 165.

Manning &■ Loring, 247.

Marbleliead house, J. O. Brown, 379.

Marshtield, 100 British sent there, 150.

Marshall. Thomas, 55, 187.

Mariners house, N. square 232.

Marine Socielv, 882.

Mass. Gen. hospital, 204, 240, 384.

Mass. Eye and Ear Infirmary, 383.

Mass. Hi'.storical Socieiy, 194, 384.

Mass. Humane Society,' 202.
do Fire Society, 202. 3c3.
do Charitable Mechanic Associa-
tion, 203, 245, 384.

Mass. Horticul. Society hall, 293, 384.

Massacre on 5th March. 131.

Massachusells block, 295.

Mas.saeliuseits bank, 247.

Massachusetts Spy. 137.

Masonic leniplc, Trenionl st. 297.

JNIasoiu'c order. 284.

Mason. Lowell, 288.

Mather. Increase, 77, 97. 99, 212.

iMather. Cotion, 97, 101.

Mather. Dr. Samuel, 215.

Mattocks. James, 56.

Maverick. S. shot by the Biiiis.h. 132.

Maverick. John, 13.

Maverick. Saml. 15. 88, 241.

Mavors of Boston. 238.'

McCleary. Saml. F. 237, 238, 413.

CONTEXTS,

]\If^ra.sters. carted thro" the lowii. 135.
Mcciimiics of Boston walch the

British, 15-i.
Mechanic Apprentices Lib. 199, 384.
JMechauics' prices fixed, 13, 67, 69,110.
JNledford, 377.

Medical Dispensary, 229, 247, r!82.
Meeting- h.Old Norili, staved, 159, 212.
Meeting house, the lirst, 27. lOO.
Melodeon, concert room, 2!:!), 301.
Mellows. Oliver, 55.
Memoir of Rev. John Cotton, 84.

do Gov. Jolni ^Viiithrop, (J4. 92.

do of Thus. Hutchinson, 263.

do Samuel Adams, osii.

do Geo. Washing-ton, 391.

no Andrew .lackgon. 394.

do Martin Van Burcii, 397.

do Wm. Henrv Harrison, 399.

do John Tylen 402.

do James K. Polk. 405.

do BcDJ. Franklin, ISS.
Mercicr. Rev. Andrev/ L. iO-J.
Merchanls' Exchange building, 299.

do Reading "room, 299^

Merchants agree not to import goods,

124, 129.
Mercantile Library, 199, 384.
Mill cove, filliiig up, 72.
Mill creek formed, 20.
Milk street block stores. 293.
Miller tabernacle, 290.
Military trainings ordered, IB, 70. 85.
Military guard at a ball, 137.
Military company of Mass. 35.
Milton, Boston town meeting held

there, 148.
Middle Brewster rocKs. 4] 2.
Modern buildings in Boston, 292.
MoUineax. Wm. 133.
Monument on Bunker hill. 232.
Monument on Beacon liili, 1!*.
Montgomery. Hugh, a British soldier

branded, 13G.
Moral Reform. Female, 191.
Morton bloek,Milk street, 293.
Moral Lectures, first theatre. 2S5.
Moorehead. Mr. 212.
Morse's telegraph, 269.
Mount Vernon built, 223.
Mount Auburn Cemetery, 376, 415.
Mountfort. Jonathan, '265.
Sluggleton. Lowdwick, 20.
Murray. Rev. John. 215.
Museums, Boston, 226 to 229.
Mystic river, Briiiili went up for

po^^'de^, 147.
Muiiavaet. 117. 121.

Nahant hotel, P. Drew, ^78, 412.

IN'aked arms forbidden, 71.

Nantasket beach, Warrick's public
house, 379.

Nassau street built, 294.

Nash. Robert, ' J Avith other citi-

Norton. Rev. John. > izens, pages 42

Newgate. John, ) to 65.

National theatre, 290.

Nalstock. Jo.shua, (teacher) 167.

Natural History Society, 200, 383.

Navy Yard dry dock, 378.

N. E. Historic Geneological Soc. 384.

Needhara. Goodman, 33 3.

Neptune house, Point ol' Pines, 380.

Nesbit. Col. treatment of Dit.son, 151.

New Colony Charter, 97.

New Castle Fort, N. H., taken by our
people, 149.

N. Bedford and Fall River R. R. 410.

Newhouse. Thos. a quaker, 91.

Newspapers, 106, 137, 200.

Newton Falls, 376,

Nichols. Mordeca, 56.

Nicholson. Jos. and wife condemned
as Quakers, 185.

Noddle. Wm., 56.

Noddles L«land, 15, 25, 241.

North Square church, 159, 212, 268.

North Row block built, 222.

North east storm froze 2 persons, S8.

North Russell street built 224.

North Charles street built, 294.

North Hudson street improved, 295.

Nor. and Long Is. Railroad, 410.

No terms of the British short of Inde-
pendence, 163.

Number of names in each directory,
from 1789 to 1847, 247.

Oakes. Dr. Thomas, 99.
Obatinevvat tribe form a treaty, 10.
Ocean house on Phillips beach, 378.
Odd Fellows Gd. Lodge notice, 385.
Odeon, Federal street, 2SS, 356.

^flve;*^;^; I with other citizens
(^rH^Getg'e, ( Pa=-s 42 to 65.
Ollcers ot the City Government, 413.
Old South block, Milk st. 293.
Old streets of Boston with new names

176 to 180.
Old South church, 142, 144, 160, 212,

225, 311.
Old North Church, 159, 212.
Old town house, 36, 116, 127, 207, 245.
Old building corner of Ann st., 39.
Old w harl', Rampart, 07.

xri

r.oxri:sT5.

Old Colony Rai!roai1, 23^, 40S, 410.
Oliver's dock, 22. 117.
Oliver. Thomas, '2S, 56, 136.
Oliver. Andrew, 117, 139, 146.
OiimiLiusse.s, 2:il.
Orcutt's Card Press, 269.
Oregon block, Pearl st. 292.
Osais liall Odd Fellows, 383.
Olis. James, jr. 116, 120, 125, 12S, 137.
Olis. Hon. Harrison Gray, 44,237.
Outer Brewster rocks, 412.
Overseers of the Poor, 413.

Paige's public house, Waltham, 376.
Paine. Robert Treat, 147.
Palmer. Edw. 21.
Palmer. John, allowed to be a citizen

if he can gel a house, &c. 87.
Pardon granted to all rebels but Sam.

Adam> and John Hancock, 156.
Park street block of buildings, 222.
Parker. Lieut. Col, 159.
Parker. Chief Justice, 236.

Snm^-.Jas. [ --, Pages 42 to
Pemberton.John, J
Paper money of 1690, 180.
Parliament rescind all duties but on

tea, 135.
Parsons Eben. 207.
Patent (new) for a settlement, 12.
Patriots against the Prerogatives, 74.
Pauling.R. allowed to buy a house, (ib.
Paxton. iMr. 118, 139.
Paxton. Marshall. 118.
Pelby. Mr. Wni. 2S9, 290.
Pemberton. 183.
Penitent Female Refuge, 240.
People of Boston, 42, 247, 270.
People of Boston, return, 162.
Pequod's, war with, 41.
Percy. Gen. at Concord, Lexington

and Bunker hill, 154.
Perrye. Arthur, 57, 187.
Periodicals published in Boston,^200.
Perkins' Ins. for the blind, 269, 3S6.
Perkins, jr. James. 197.
Perkins. T. H. (sculptured dog) 424.
Perkins' steel die engravings, 269.
Perkins, James. 197.
Perkins. T. Handasyde, 197.
Perkins. Sargent, found drunk, 22.
Peters. Hugh, 28, 31.
Philip. King, 41, 104.
Phillips. John, ISl.
Phillips. Hon. John, 236.
Phillips b house, Ha5fger«ton, 378.
Phipps. Sir Wm. W.

Phippa. \Vm , l:jS.

Pinckney street built 223.

Pickrun. John, set in the .'tocks, 186.

Pierce. John, an inhabitant, 22.

Pitcairn. Major, 265.

Pitched terns, the first settlers, 23.

Pierpont. Rev. John, 415.

Pins. John, 143.

Planting grounds for the poor, 167.

Piastow. Josias, 21, 58.

Plymouth party arriving, 9.

Plymouth Rock cor. stone of a ch. 280.

Ponit Shirley, fish house, by P. F.
Dascomb, 378, 412.

Pond street corporation, 223.

Poplar street built, 224.

Popish or gunpowder plot, 119,

Port Bill, 145, 15.5, 101.

Porter's public house, 876.

Portsmouth, jovful information. 149.

Post Office, (first) 108.

Post Office, Merch. Exchange, 299.

Powder taken by the British, 147.

Powell. Charles, 286.

Powell. Michael, 58.

Prescoti. Col, 156.

Preston. Capt. Thos. 131, 132, 136.

Prices fixed for mechanic labor, 18,67.

Prices set on cattle and goods. 69.

Primitive laws, 20. 27, 67, 87, 110.

Prince of Orange, 79.

Printing presses, 269.

Printers have leave to print the elec-
tion sermon, 72.

Private Vehicles, travelling, 221.

Proctor. Edw. prevents the lea from
landing, 142.

Proclamation of Gen. Gage, 156.

Protestant French Church, 100.

Province, without officers and jury-
men, 148.

Provincial Congress, 149, 151, 155

Prov. and Stonington Railroad, 410.

Province House, 203, 240.

Public City Library, 245.

Public lectures, 280.

Public houses in Boston, 299.

Public and private gifts, amount, 381.

Public lands to be disposed of, 186.

Public schools, 165 to 172.

Pn.tnam. Gen. 156.

Pynchcon. Mrs. (death of) 81.

Quaker lane, 22.
Quakers punished, 36, 89.
Quaker socie'y, account of, 91.
Quarry-hill powder a«izcd by the

British, 147.
Qu©«u Mary, SO.

COMENTS.

Quarters demanded for British sol-
diers, 1-21-127.
Qtiincy. Hon. J. 197, 236, 237, 282, 115.
Quiney block, Pearl street. 292.
Qaiiiey hotel by F'rench, 377.
Quiacy. Josiah, .Ir. (mayor) 413.
(■iuincv market, 115.
Ciuincv. Josiah,' jr.. 136, 144.
Quiney. Edmund, .53, 68.
Quo-warranto from England, 73.

RadcIiiT. Philip, 21.
Railroad r'orporaiions, 408, 409.
Railroad wharf built 295.
Railroads, 175, 221.
Rainsford.Fdw. | .^^ ^^^ ..

Robuison. Nath. } An ,^ an

Rawson. Edwd. ) P^^^« ^^ lo 65.
Randolph. Edward, 74, 97, 167.
Rang:e of brick buildings cor. Wa^h-

ineton and Eliot st. of 6 stores, 297.
Read. Wm., 59.
Rebel leaders to be sent to England

lor trial, L52.
Rechabites, temperance lodges, 385.
Reeves. John, 20.
Rejoicinsrs on the repeal of Stamp

Act, lis.
Reliaious and Moral Instruction So-
ciety, 233.
Religion.? and othf^r Societies, 381.
Remarks on Canada, 180. 184.
Reminiscences of my youth. 269.
Repeal of the Stamp Act, 122.
Represenialives chamber, 176
Residents in Boston, 42, 247. 270.
Resistance to British Custom house

Inspections, 75.
Resolves of Virginia, 117. 139.
Resolves of the people not to import

goods, 121, 124,129.
Return of ciiizens to Boston, 162.
Retrospection, the emigrants, SO, 380.
Revere house, Parran Stevens, 245.
Rice. Robert, 59.

Rice. J. hoarding house at ^ahant.378.
Richards. John, 76.
Richardson. E. an informer, 130, 135.
Richmond street improved, 294.
Riot and destruction of properly, 118.
River Charles, 412.
Robinson. Rev. John, with his people

emigrate, 8.
Robinson. W. Quaker, hanged. 185.
Robinson's public house, Newton,377.
Robinson. Crusoe house, Chelsea

beach, 360.
Rock* and U. in Bo«tou harbor, 412

Ros-ers. Rer. Wm. M. 899.

Romney-Man of War, 122, 124.

Ropewalks at the bottom of the com-
mon, 20G.

RossiK^r. Edw. 13, 59. 81.

Rose Frigate, 77.

Rotcb. Ffancis, owner of the Dart-
mouth, 142, 143, 144.

Rowe. John. 143.

Rnggles' printing press, 269.

Russell. Thomas. 207.

Roxbury City Grove hall, 377.

Salter. Wm. I „ .,, ^,. .,

Sanford. John. TT •'!^ ??"

Savatre. Mai. Gen. Thos. {^[^''''r'P-
Scoiiow. Joshua, j42lo6u.

Sabbath School f<ociety (Mass ) 384.
Sagamore hill, house by N. Ripley,

jr. 379.
Sailors and others afraid of being im-
pressed, 122.
Sales. Francis, 247.
Salem Gen. Court ordered there bv

Gage, 148.
Salem (British soldiers sent there) 150
Salionsiali. Rob. fnied 5 shillings, 72.
Samford. John. 59, 1^6.
Samoset, (a friendly Indian) 9.
Sanford block. Federal st. 293.
Savage. Sam. P. of Wesion, 144.
Savin iiill hotel. 377.
Sawvers prices regulated, 1S6.
Schools of Bosion,"l65 to 172.
School commencement, 170.
Sciinaie har. house, T. J Curtis. .381,
Sconce or Old wharf Rampart, 37.
Scotiow John, 38.
Scriptures, penally on deuying. ?0.
Seaman's Friend Society, iSO, :>S3.
Seaman's chapp], 223, 2.G0, 232.
Seaman's Aid Society, 231.
Sea berry, John, hath leave to buy a

house. 166.
Secretary of Stale'.s room, 175.
Secret attempt to establish arbitrary

pov.'er here, 139.
Selectmen of Boston, instructed, 95.
Selecimen's dinner, (cost of) 35.
Selectmen's grant for ropewalka at

the flower garden. 206.
Senate and House of Representalircg,

orisrin oi, 40.
Sewall block. Milk Kt. 293.
Sharp. Thomas, house burnt, 23.
Sherman. Mrs. nnd the stray Pig, iO.
Shirley (Pomt) 878, 412.
Shirlef • <5<y^^ 20,

XVIU

COxNTENTS.

Shoe and Leather M. built, 295.

Short street made, 239.

Ships of war arrive, 12(3.

Simons. Henry, (50.

Small Pox, 192.

Sinith'.s L.'puMic house, 376.

Smith. Abiel, fomidsacol. school, 173.

Smith. Col. Franois, with 600 soldicis

lor Concord, 152.
Smith. Capt. John explored the N.E.

coast, 10.
Smith. Lucy, bound to R. Ludlow for

7 Years. 63.
Snider. C. killed by Richardson, 130.
Snow's public house, Newton. 377.
Societies, relijrious and moral, 381.
Society for aiding dis. convicts, 383.
Society of Natural History, 200, 363.
Society for prevention of rauperism,

3S4.
Sonierville, 37S.
Sons of temperance, 385.
South Boston fisti house, 37S.
Souih Boston, 279.
South Cove Corporation, 2-33.
South row block built. 222.
Southcot. Capt. 13.
Spectacle Island house, by George

Woodroffe, 380, 412.
Spectacle Island. 84.
Speakman. Wm. 324.
Sprague. Charles, poetry, 426.
Spring lane, 93.

Springs of water in Boston, IS, 73.
Siiuautuni beach, 377.
Squanlo (a friendly Indian) 9.
Sv'iuib. Capt. 13.

Stagg. capt.capUiros a Bristol ship, 66.
Stamp office demolished, 118.
Stamp Act, 117, 120, 122.
Stanton. Francis, monument. 426.
Staines. Richard, 45, 60.
Starched clothes, caps, bauds, veils,

&.C. forbidden, 71.
Stark. Gen. 156.
State street as it wa.?. 93.
Slate Constitution, 163.
State house, 174.
State Library, 175, 199.
State Treasurer's oliice. 175.
Slate* Prison, 878.

Statistics of names in all the directo-
ries of Boston, 247.
Statistics of travel from and to Bos- 1

ton. 221.
Siovenson. i\larmaduuc. hanged as a

Qunker. 185.
Sio.ldard. Aulhonv, 'U
SiLukiard. ^rr. and Mai. Pitcnirn. 265 J

Stone. Capt. 21.

Stores on iMUk and Ilawley sts. 293.

Stores on State st. 296.

Stores cor AVash. and School sts, 296.

Story. Mr. 40.

Storey. Mr. Register deputy, 118.

Stoughton. Wm. 77.

Streets of Boston for 1732, with their

present names, 176 to 180.
Strong water given to the poor, 68.
SuiTolk Savings bank, 242, 386.
Sutterings of Boston people, 64.
Sullivan. Gfov. 235.
Summer street, 94.
Suj-.port to British troops, 121, 147.
Suspension of all intercourse with

Great Britain, 147.
Steam Power, 269.
Swearing, &c'., sentence for. 26.
Sj-nod for the trial of heresies, 32.

Tabernacle, (Miller) 290.

Table of railroad distances, 409.

Tappan. John, (monument) 424.

Tapping. Richard, 61.

Tapping. Rich, j with other citi-

Townsend. VV"m. [ zens, page 42 to

Turner. Robert, ) 65.

Tar and feathering Ditson, 151.

Tarring and feathering, a terror, 151.

Taxation, by England, refused by the

colonies, 74.
Taylor. Rev. E. T. 282.
Tea thrown overboard, 145.
Tea from Holland, 139.
Tea Proscribed, 127, 135.
Temples of Hoti. or lodges, 386.
Temi)le place edifices, 297.
Thacher. Oxenbridge, 117.
Thanksgiving oi)served, 14.
Thatche^r. Rev. Thomas', 61.
Theatre, fir^t Boston, 247.
Theatres in Boston, 285
Theological education paid for, 381.
Thief, sentence of a, 26.
Thomas. Isaiah, 187.
Thomas. Gen. on Dorc. heights, 160.
Thompson. David, takes an island in

the harbor and names it, 11.
Thomson. Benj (teacher) 166.
Thomson's Island school, 173.
Thorndike. Augustus, 198.
Thornton. Timothv. ISl.
Thorne. Mr. C. R."2!;8.
Thursday lecture, 25.
Ticonderoga and Crown Point, 1.35.
Ticknor. Geo. 198.
Tobacco, fine. 26.
Town lands to be disposed ot; 186.

CONTENTS.

XIX

Town house. 53, 116. 127, 207. 245.

Town meeiiiigs proclaimed as un-
lawful, 148.

Townsend. Peter, 181.

Tract Society, American, 381.

Training, ancient, by Dunlon, 8G.

Treaty of Peace, 164.

Tremont theatre, '289.

Tremont temple, 2'3'J.

Travelling prohib. without leave, 68.

Triangular warehouse, 38.

Trial of Richardson and Wilmot, 135.

Trial of Rev. Mr. Wheelwright^ 32.
do Mrs. W. Hutchinson"^ 34.
do Capt. Preston, 136.

Troops (British) evacuate Boston. 161.

Troops in Boston. 121, 127, 147.

Turner. Elisha, (monument) 425.

Tvler street built, 239.

Tvler. Col. J. S. 286.

Tvler. John, 402.

Tyng. Maj. Gen. Edward. 62, 94.

Tyng. Ensign Wm. 62.

Uuderhill. Capt. John, 34, 62.
United States hotel, 239, 277.
Union bank. 247.

Union house, Hingham, J. Little, 380.
Unitarian Association, American, 381
Upshall. Nicholas, 62,89.
Usher. Hezekiah, 62.
Utica street built 239.

Value of a lot in Mt. Auburn ceme-
tery, 416,

Vane. Henry, 28. 29, 62, 165.

Van Buren. Martin, 397.

Various Primitive Laws, 20, 27. 67.
110.

Vassell. Leonard, 324.

Venner. Thomas, 63.

Viennoise children, 292.

Vine street built, 224.

Virginia legislature, 117, 138.

Virginia colonized, 10.

Vyall. John, 63.

Wadsworth. Recompense, 167.

Waite. Gamaliel

and other citizens

a^''uu*"";t^''^*'''' I pages 42 to 65.

Webb. Henrv, ) ^ °

Wakefield. John. 63.

Wale's N. public house. Newton, 377.

VValtham, 376.

Walaston and party al Braintree, 11.

"Wanton. Mr. at whose house the

Quakers met, 90.
War with the Pequod Indians, 41.
Wardhall. AVm. 63.

Warrick".s public h. Nuitiaskcl b. 37».

Warren street chapel. 281.

Ward. Gen. Artcmas, 156.

Warren. Jas. (of Milton) J 63.

Warren. Maj. Gen. Jos. 183, 159.

Warren theatre, 290.

Warham. John, 13.

Washington garden theatre, 286, 288.

Washington 'i'otal Ab. Society, 386.

Washington street laid out through a
field, 47.

Washington. Gen. Geo. 19, 159, 160,
162, 175,279,391.

Washington place built, 221.

AVater, (springs of) 18.

Water tank, 53.

Waterhouse. Dr. Benj. 193.

Watertown, Boston meeting's, 162.

"W'aiertown, 16, 376.

"^Vatch, Boston, 20, 69.

VN'ebb. Thos. Smith, 301.

Webb. George, 288. '

Webster. Hon. Daniel, 284.

AVedgewood in compajiy with drunk-
ards, 22.

Welbourne. Capt. Peter, 14.

West. John, 247.

West row, block built 222.

Weston. Thomas, attempts founding

Plymouth colony, 11.
West. Sir Benj. and President John

Adams, vi.
Western railroad, 2.39, 408, 410.
Weymouth h. by A. B. Wales, 381.
AV^harf built 2200 feet long, 37.
Wharves and crane, .37.
AVheelwright. Rev. J. 30, 32.
AVhite. Rev. John and party at Nan-

tasket, 11.
WhitfieW. Rev. George, 225.
Whitney's. A. public ho., Naham,378.
William (King) and Mary. 79.
Williams. Mr. Eliphalet. 236.
Williams. Jonathan, 142; 143.
Williams. Roger, 28, 185.
Wilson. Rev. John, 16,27, 64, 83,102.
Wilson's. John public liouse, 376.
Wilbore. Samuel, 64, 68.
Wilmot seized by the people, 130. 135.
Whithrop Hall Odd Fellows, 385.
Wiiithrop. John. jr. 65.
Winthrop. Mrs.E. Bowdoin, 340.
Winthrop. Thos. L. 236.
Winthrop. Wait, 181.
Winthrop. John, 13. 17, 23, 26, 27, 64,

66, So, 92.
Winchester. Amasa, 301.
Windmill, 92.

XX COXTEiNT?.

"VVinslow. Mr. impriioned, 79.

"VViuier severe, 84.
Witchcraft in Boston, 51, 108.
Wood, cut wroiigtully, neck land, 69.
Woods. Mr. Pii. Miiseuin. th.'7.
Woodbridge. Mr. (.schoolmas'.er) 166.
Woodinaiisev. Mr. (teacher) 166.
Woody. Richard, 22, 65.
Women's sown sleeves roiralated, 71.

Wompatuck house, Hintrhnm, 380.
Worcester Railroad, 2S9, 408, 410.
Workhouse, 213.

Yale. David. 1 and other citizens,
Yoe. Thoma.s, | page 42 to 65.
Young- Men's Benevolent Soc. 386.
Yarrow path '' Turner nion.," 425.

BOARDING HOUSE FOR INDUSTRIOUS FEMALES.

During the fall of 1847, a number of philanthropic ladies
becoming interested in the welfare of females from the
country, who come to the city for employment, united their
influence and power for establishing a boarding house for
the useful purpose of the strangers' convenience and accom-
modation, for a short or longer period of time ; where re-
spectable females can be secure from the alluring vicious-
ness of the city. The house has been opened for a few
months past, and favorable auspices have attended the con-
cern : this industrial boarding house for the female stranger,
is No. 6 Columbia St. near Essex St, : Mrs. Cummings,
Superintendent : the asking price for board there, is Si 50
per week, to those who have means to meet it.

X HOUSE FOR DESTITUTE CHILDREN AND FIMALES.

A Society for affording a home to destitute children and
females, supported by subscription, went into operation in
Jan. 1847: their house is 26 Albany St.: Mrs. Garnaut is
Matron. From 12 to 20 have been there provided for at a
time, when from any sudden occurrence they had been
deprived of a home or shelter. It is under the government
of 24 managers, and report speaks favorably of the aid and
beaefit* conferred, having been judiciou.« and opportune.

ENGRAVINGS IN THIS VOLUME.

Plate 1. View of Boston from Chelsea, face the title page.

2. View of Boston Common, page 17.

3. Beacon and Monument on Beacon Hill, page 19.

4. Hancock House, page 174.

5. Bonner's Map of Boston for 1722, page 176.

6. Facsimile of the Old Colony 20 shilling note, page 180.

7. Athenagum Library Building, page IflG.

9. Franklin's Art of making Money plenty, page 222.
9. Custom House, page 225.

10. Museum, page 228.

11. Mariner's House, page 232.

12. Female Orphan Asylum, page 233.

13. Revere House, page 245.

14. Gov. Hutchhi.son, page 263.

15. Map of Boston for 1848, page 279.

16 Miniature of J. Q. Adams, page 280.

17. Miniature of Daniel Webster, page 284.

18. Bunker Hill Monument, with a miniature of Gen. Warren, 28.5.

19. Athenseum Theatre, page 291.

20. Adams House, page 375.

21. Miniature of Samuel Adams, page 386.

22. " Washington, page 391.

23. " Andrew Jackson, page 394.

24. " Martin Van Buren, page 397.

25. " Wm. H. Harrison, page 399.

26. " John Tyler, page 402.

27. " James K. Polk, page 405.

28. Chart of Boston Harbor, page 412.

29. Chapel at Mount Auburn, page 415.

30. Map of Mount Auburn, page 426.

With 19 engravings on wood, additional, in the printed form.
The four following illustrations have been added to the volume o{
Boston Notions, since the work was first issued.

31. Facsimile of an engraving by Col. Paul Revere, representing

Boston beseiged in 1768, page 126.

32. Positions of the American and British forces at the commence-

ment and close of the battle at " Bunker Hill," page 158.

33. View of the "Quochituat " Fountain, on Boston Common, .374.

34. Map uf the Vicinity of Boston, page 376.

CAUSES WHICH LED TO THE EMIGRATION

DISSENTERS OR PURITANS.

The established church of England, under the reign of
Queen Elizabeth, was the only religion then tolerated ; and
any dissenter from the thirty-nine articles of that faith, Avas in
danger of imprisonment, loss of caste, property, and of life ;
many ministers were suspended, for non-comformity to the
rules and forms of that church ; and they, with the laity,
united in a separation from it, in 1566 ; and held their meet-
ings for worship, in private houses : for this offence against
the dictates of the crown, twenty-four men, and seven women
were cast into prison at once : In 1571. Parliament passed a
few acts for the relief of the puritans, but the Commissioners
contrived to put into rigorous execution.the old laws; and burnt
two, as heretics, in Smithfield, in 1575 ; yet the dissenters
multiplied and increased in a pro ratio, to the severity exer-
cised toward them, until one quarter part of the English min-
istry, were suspended from their office, for non-conformity ;
so numerous were the parishes, thereby vacated, that it be-
came necessary to go, some ten to twenty miles, to attend
the dispensations of an authorised priest : the people were
warned not to succor, uphold, or employ any dissenters, par-
ticularly as teachers ; petitions of their grievances, were sent
in to Parliament for relief, but without any good result : in
1583, the Queen established, a high court of Commissioners ;
to punish with fine and imprisonment, at their pleasure, all
who held any opposing sentiments to the English church ;
and if the House of Commons, inclined to interfere with any
proposed relief, the}^ were repulsed by the prerogative '^^ '^^

a

8 ROSTON MOTIONS.

Crown, as being the only safe-guard aad protector of trie
thirty-nine articles of the Christian taith.

Elizabeth died, March 24, 1603, and James, her successor,
continued a series of the most severe, tyrannical treatment
with the puritans : soon after he was seated on the throne of
England, he issued his mandate for all of them to conform to
the rites of the church, or leave the kingdom with their fam-
ilies : and this he determined to put into full effect. His
Archbishop, Bancroft, was a proper instrument to deal out the
King's wrath, and three hundred of the clergy were silenced,
excommunicated, cast into prison, or forced to leave their
country, in 1604.

In 1608, the persecutions were increased, through various
forms ; and they had no choice left, but to stifle their con-
sciences, and embrace a revolting religious creed, or that of
quitting the land of tlieir birth : the first attempt to escape
was made in Boston, county of Lincolnshire ; where they
were seized and searched : rifled of their funds, books, &c.,
and then were committed to prison for a month : a greater
part were then released, but seven of their principal men
were detained, and bound over to take their trial at the as-
sizes : a resolution was then taken by them to flee to Amer-
ica on the first good opportunity.

In 1608, the Rev. John Robinson, with the people of his
charge emigrated to Leyden. in Holland : but there they
were discontented, and could not assimilate with the associa-
tions and habits of the Dutch people ; and the prospects for
their posterity, were gloomy. After much deliberation,
they resolved to remove to America : they took leave of their
pastor, and returned to England, where another vessel was
preparing for the same expedition : on the 6th of Sept. 1620,
they set sail from Plymouth, and on the 9th of Nov. at break
of dav. they espied Cape Cod : it was their intention to have
4>one a» far south as the Hudson : but bv a trick of the

BOSTON NOTIONS. 9

Captain, they were obliged to land on this coast, although
their patent gave ihem no such power or privilege : they then,
wiiile on board the ship, formed themselves into a body poli-
tic, for being regulated and governed by equal and just laws,
and signed a Constitution for the better ordering and preser-
vation of each other, on the 11th of Nov. 1620. and made
choice of Mr. John Carver as their Governor : on the same
day, they sent 15 or 16 ai-med men, to seek for a convenient
place for a residence : their two lirst essays, were unsuc-
cessful; but on the 16th of Dec. their ship anchored in the
harbor of Patuxet, where the Pilgrims took up their abode,
and named it New Plymouth.

This was a dreary season to the pilgrims, for in addition to
the many privations they suffered during the winter ;
sickness and death had visited their little band, and made
heart rending havoc in their friendly circle : but when cheer-
ing spring advanced, their hopes were buoyant with the re-
newing freshness of the season : when on the I6th of March,
1621, after passing three winter months, on this snow-clad
land, without exchanging a word with any one, but their own
circle, an Indian came before them, fearlessly, and gave them
a friendly salutation, in broken english : his name was Sam-
oset ; a Sagamore : he had a bow and two arrows : a tall
straight man. with long black hair, braided at the back of his
head : he asked for beer, and was given strong water ; and
feasted on biscuit, butter, cheese, pudding and roast duck :
all which he liked very well : he gave them much informa-
tion about the surrounding country : the following day, they
sent him with a message to their Indian neighbors, and
through him, had frequent intercourse with the savages:
at last, he brought to them, the only surviving native of the
clan, that had inhabited that section of the country : his
name was Squanto ; he was one of the 27 natives, that Hunt
carried to Spain : but soon iinding his way to England, he

10 BOSTON NOTIO>;S.

was iheve kindly treated, and returned to his native soil ; for
which he was anxious to requite, by any service to the Eng-
lishmen : and as long as he lived, he was faithful to his word
and trusts, as a guide, mediator and interpreter : by kind
dealing and prudent management, they induced nine Sach-
ems, to sign a treaty with them, acknowledging themselves
subjects of King James : these measures inspired the emi-
grants with a confidence of safety, in exploring the countiy
about them : their first excursion, was by entering Massachu-
setts Bay, and viewing the harbor of Boston, on the 19th of
Sept, 1621. — Squanto, with two other natives, were sent to
cause speech to be had with the Sachems of the place : Ob-
batinewat, was Gov. or Sachem ; yet under Massasoyt : he
also, signed the treaty under King James.

But little was known, among them, concerning this coun-
try, until Sir Walter Raleigh, attempted to colonize Virginia,
between the years 1584 and 1608, when he established
Jamestown ; a settlement was commenced in Newfoundland,
in 1610. In 1614, some Dutch emigrants, built a fort at Al-
bany, and founded that city. In 1602, Bartholomew Gosnold,
made a direct rout from Falmouth, to Cape Ann, and for the
great quantity of Codfish there, he named it Cape Cod. In
1614, the experienced navigator, Capt. John Smith, \A^th two
ships from England, explored the coast from the Island of
Manhegan, near Penobscot river, to Cape Cod ; and in his
boats, traded with the nafives, and returned to England with-
in six months, from the time he left, with a clear profit of
1500 pounds for his employers; he formed a crude map of
the new regions, and presented it to Prince Charles,
who gave to it, the name of New Endand. Capt. Smith left
one of his ships here, under the command of Thomas Hunt ;
to load her with fish for Spain : when he was ready to sail
he enticed 27 Indians on board, on a pretext of trading with
them, and immediately seized the poor creatures, and put

BOSTON NOTIONS. PAGE 10.

ANCIENT SHIP OF WAR.

A Fac-simile copy from an engraving, of an armed Ship used in the time
of Queen Elizabeth, in a treatise on "Nauigation, late collected out of the
best modern writers thereof, by Mr. Blundiuile," published in 1595, being
the fashion of vessels then navigated by Sir Humphrey Gilbert, Sir Walter
Raleigh, Sir Francis Drake and other celebrated voyagers and colonizers of
America.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

some of them, for twenty pounds each.

May 1622, Mr. Thos. Weston, was one of the first adventu-
rers for fouadiug Plymouth Colony, but afterwards deserted
it ; sent two ships with 50 or 60 men to settle a plantation at
Weymouth, but dissolute habits broke it up in one year :
another attempt was made, the same year, by Capt. Gorges,
but with a similar result: — In 1624, Mr. David Thompson, a
Scotchman, who began a settlement near Portsmouth, N. H.
removed, to Massachusetts Bay : he squatted on Thompson's
Island, and a fine neck of land, which Vv'as confirmed to hira
afterwards, by the court : — after that, several of the Plymouth
people, with Mr. Roger Conant, settled at Nantasket (Hull :)
— another party from England in 1625, brought out by Capt.
Wolaston, and three or four partners for a speculation, located
themselves in Braintree (Quincy.) While the Capt. and his
chief partner were on a trading tour to Virginia, Morton, the
next in command, made them all merry ; and they spent
their time in diinking, and dancing round a May-pole, and
christened the place, "Merry Mount." Their unruly con-
duct attracted the attention of the government of the Colony,
who sent Capt. Standish with some men, to break up the
clan : to take Morton to Plymouth, and put sober men in
their places.

The death of King James, occurred March 27, 1625, and
the throne was soon occupied by his son, Charles the First :
who put the reigns of the church government into the hands
of those who scrupled not to ruin and destroy every one how-
ever talented, pious or useful, if an adhesion to the rites of
the church of England, be wanting : at this deplorable era for
the dissenters, the Rev. John White, of Dorchester, England,
and Roger Conant. undertook to form a settlement in 1625, at
Nantasket : the party soon removed to Cape Ann, and in the
fall of 162G, to Nauinkeag (Salem.) Succes.^ did not attend
a*

12 ^nSTO^ ITOTIONS.

the settlement^ but Mr. White did not wish to ..^d the plan
relinquished, and promised' those who would remain there,
that he would procure a patent for them in England, and al-
so, send friends, goods and provisions. It was not long before
the Council of Plymouth, in England, had by a deed, bear-
ing date March 19th, 1628, sold unto some six Knights, and
gentlemen, about Dorchester, that part of New England, ly-
ing between the river Merrimac and the river Charles : and
soon after that, a new patent was issued, dated March 4. 1629,
giving to twenty-six persons, named on the patent, jurisdic-
tion from three miles North of the Merrimac, to three miles
South of every part of the river Charles, including all boun-
daries three miles South of the southern line of Massachu-
setts Bay, and in length, from the Atlantic Ocean to the South
Sea.

In June, 1628, Mr. John Endicott, one of the g:i-antees by
Patent, brought out a few men, and then there were but 50
or 60 persons: more arrived in June, 1629, in all amounting
to 386 ; with the last, came the Rev. Francis Higginson : but
seven houses had been built at that time.

CIIARLESTOWN PLANTATION.

About 1 GO of the Salem party, under the guidance of Thos.
Graves, soon removed to Charlestown, where a settlement
liad commenced : three brothers, Ralph, Richard and Wm.
Sprague, had left Salem the previous summer, to explore the
country Westward, and having gone some tsvelve or more
miles, through woods, they came to a neck of land, called
Mishawun ] the Sachem, John Sagamore, freely consented
to their settling within his bounds.

BOSTON NOTIOlsS. 13

The success which was attending the plantations, encour-
aged the grantees who resided in England, to persevere ;
and several of the principal members, entered mto an agree-
ment, to remove themselves and families, provided, the whole
government, and patent, might be first legally transfered and
established, to remain with them, and others who should join
with them : this measure was resolved on, to avoid the in-
conveniences of administring a government at such a dis-
tance, and for alluring men of worth, and wealth, to embark
in the enterprise : this alteration was made in the company
affairs, Aug. 1629, and on the 20th, a meeting w-as held for
electing a Governor, Lieut. Governor, and Assistant, who
would be willing to remove : Mr. John Winthrop, was chosen
Governor, and Thomas Dudley, Lieut. Governor; the company
appointed 10 agents for the concern, for procuring stock, pro-
visions, vessels, &c. &c., five of them to remain in England,
and five to accompany the emigrants : by the end of Feb.
1630, fourteen vessels w^ere engaged, to take over 1500 pas-
sengers, and every requisite for a firm plantation.

As all the fieet could not be made ready at once, four of
them set sail on the 8th of April, and arrived in safety : the
first, which arrived, was the Mary-John, bringing the Rev,
John Warham, and John Maverick ; with families, from the
Counties of Devonshire, Dorsetshire and Somersetshire;
and Mr, Edward Rossitter and Roger Ludlow, tw^o assistants:
with Roger Clapp, w^ho was soon afterwards, Capt. of Castle
Island. They were to have been landed up the Charles riv-
er, but the Capt. (Squibb,) insisted on putfing them ashore,
on Nantasket Point ; there, they obtained a boat, and loaded
it with goods, and ten armed men, under the direction of
Capt. Southcot, and made for Charlestown : there they saw
a few wigwams, some few English people, and one house :
they continued their course to Watertown, and landed with

M BOSTON NOTIONS.

their goods, for the night : in the morning, some natives ap-
peared, and stood at a distance ; at last, one of them held np
a bass ; when an Englishman went to him with a biscuit,
for an exchange ; and this commenced a friendly entercourse:
they erected a shelter for their goods, for the night, but did
not remain there long; for having discovered* a neck of land,
(South Boston,) fit to keep cattle on, they removed there.

On the 14th of June, the ship Arbella, so named in honor
of the wife of Mr. Johnson," arrived in Salem ; bringing Gov.
Winthrop, and Mr. Isaac Johnson : this ship was 350 tons
burthen ; mounting 28 guns : commanded by Capt. Peter
Welbonrne ; on the 3d. of June, they approached the Ameri-
can coast, and sounded 80 fathoms : the next day, 30 fath-
oms, and dined on fresh fish : on the 8th, Mount Desert was
espied, and the air seemed redolent with garden perfumes ;
and birds flew about the ship : on the 12th, passed between
Baker's Island, and another small one, and came to anchor,
a short distance from Salem harbor ; J\Ir. Endicott and others
from Salem, came on board ] and some of the passengers
returned with him to his hospitable dwelling : the next morn-
ing, others left the ship, and went ashore on the other side
of the harbor, and feasted on strav/berries : which they found
in such abundance, they named it Strawberry Bank.

Other ships of the fleet, occasionally arrived, and on July
6lh, but one was absent ; the loss by casualty, or sickness,
having been but fifteen persons, a public day of Thanksgiv-
ing and Praise, was kept throughout the plantations, on the
8th, of that month.

This last emigration, was intended to have been mostly
located on one spot, and that, to have been called Boston ;
that plan was partially frustrated, by the irregularity of arri-
vals, and partly by the sad situation of the Salem settlement ;
sickness, deai.h, and want of the necessaries oi' \\n\ had bet^i
their poi-iion. for some time past; eighty deaihs had ofcured

BOSTON XOTIONS. 15

during the previous winter, and those yet alive, were weak,
and in want : of corn, meal, or bread, they unitedly, had not
enough for two weeks in prospective ; and the large lot of
servants, they brought out with them, at an expense of 16 or
20 pounds for each, they were obliged to give them their
freedom, for want of food, for their sustenance : and many of
the first settlers, had left Salem for the Mystic : Charlestown,
and up the river Charles.

Gov, Winthrop, stopped at Charlestown, and w^ith some
other public Officers, were accommodated in a building, they
called the great house, on the westerly side of the market
square : others resided in cottages, booths and tents : but so
cold, and moist, that sickness prevailed among them, at such
an extent, there were not enough well, to take care of the
sick. The Gov. had engaged a house to be built for him
there, and purposed to make it a permanent residence ; but
the water they were obliged to drink, was from one spring-
only, and which could not be approached, but at low tide,
and this was brackish, and impure ; it was at the spot, now
occupied by the State Prison : on account of their great af-
flictions, the Governor proposed for a day of Fasting and
Prayer ; and the 30th, of July, was thus solemnly appropria-
ted : after the divine services of the day, it was motioned to
enter into a church covenant, with all who knew one another
as having godliness at heart, and many then signed the cov-
enant for the church : their meetings where jfirst held in the
open air, under an oak tree ; in time, they held meetings in
the great house.

Besides the English, who were located in Charlestown,
when Gov. Winthrop arrived : on Noddles Island (East Bos-
ton.) there lived Mr. Samuel Maverick, a gentleman ever
ready to entertain strangers ; he had built a Fort there, and
mounted four cannon to protect him, from the Indians : and
on the western side of the peninsula, called Shawmut, a Mr.

16 BOSTON NOTIONS.

Wm. Blackstoue had pitched a teat ; which land in those
days, at high water, appeared like two Islands, the north
and south parts, being connected by a narrow isthmus.

Mr. Blackstone, communicated to Gov. Winthrop, that he
had found excellent springs on the peninsula, and urged him
to remove thither ; this incident, with the fact that the v
were much pleased with Shavvmut neck, induced several
persons to commence a settlement there.

BOSTON PLANTATION.

1630, Aug. 23. The first court of assistants, under the
authority of the patent, was held on board the Arbella, at
Charlestown; the first question propounded was, " How
shall the Ministers be maintained ? it was ordered that hous-
es be built for them, at the public expense ; and the salary of
Rev. Geo. Phillips, at Watertown, to be £30, and that of Mr.
Wilson, £20, till his wife arrived.

At the second court, it was ordered, that the name of Mat-
tapan, be changed to Dorchester ; — that upon Chaiies River,
Watertown ; and Tri-mountain, to be called Boston.

Boston was settled Sept. 7, 1630 ; and peopled by dis-
senters from the Church of England, some few of whom were
from Boston, county of Lincolnshire, England, who gave to it
its name : the Indians had called it Shawmut, on account of
its good springs of water, and the English settlers in Charles-
town called it Tri-mountain, from its then three prominent
hills : Chicatabot the reigning Sachem of the then tribe of
Indians, gladly received the Europeans within his territory,
and for a valuable consideration conveyed to them this land
of their choice ; and the descendants of that Sachem, in 1684,
ratified the sale by signing a quit claim deed with the ex-
pression that '' they had received a valuable consideration

BOSTON NOTIONS. 17

therefor : " and here we may add, that the whole lands in
New England, were in the same manner purchased of the
reigning Sachems of the different tribes ; and paid for as in
every other fair species of trade, viz : with an equivalent to
the amount and in manner asked for, by the previous hold-
ers of the soil.

Mr. William Blackstone, from the Charlestown settle-
ment, was the first European known to have lodged on this
peninsula, and from that circumstance only, claimed most
of the land ; he invited Gov. John Winthrop and others to re-
move over from Charlestown, on which Mr. Johnson, with
several others took up their residence. On the 10th. of
Sept. 1634, a Tax of £30, was assessed on the inhabitants,
for the purchase of any claim Mr. Blackstone may have on
the land excepting about six acres, which he would still
hold for his own enjoyment and advantage : every house hol-
der was to pay six shillings, at least ; and some more to-
ward making up that sum : after that date the town laid out
ground for a training field, and for the feed of cattle ; which
spot is now our glorious common : this lot was extended in
length, by a purchase by the town, Oct. 8, 1787, of two acres
and one-eighth of Wm. Foster, on its southern and eastern
boundary, adjoining the burial ground.

The Common contains 48 3-8ths, acres, and the garden
west of Charles Street, 25 acres; being 73 3-8ths. acres in
the whole area : the common was surrounded with a wood-
en post, three-railed fence; in 1836. that fence was removed
and the present imposing iron picketed enclosure, took its
place : the expense therefor, being partially paid by the
inhabitants residing on its border ; the rest being paid by
the city: the whole cost of it, w-as 6^82,159.85; individuals
subscribed Sl6,292,00. The lenglh of iron fence is 5932 feet.

The British in 1775, raised a fort near the centre which
yet partially remains, and a little north of that is a prettv pond

18 B0STO2> NOTIONS.

or sheet of water, called 'Crescent pond : ' when the city
charter was obtained, in 1822, a clause was inserted, deb^-
ing the city council, forever, from selling any of the common.
1630, Aug. 23, it M'-as decreed by the court, that carpenters,
joiners, brick-layers, sawyers, and thatchers, should take no
more than two shillings a day on pain of ten shillings penalty.

The first general court of the colony, was held at Boston,
Oct. 19, 1630,— Dec. 28, the G. C. decided, that Newton
(name altered to Cambridge, 1638,) should be the seat of
government ; and to remove the munitions and ordinance
there : — Nov. 4, it was promulged by the court, that if any
person would set up a Ferry, between Boston and Charles-
town, he should receive one penny for every person ferried
over, and one penny, also, for every 100 lbs. weight of
goods. — Weekly trainings are ordered.

It has generally been conceded by antiquarians and histo-
rians, that the many, and good springs of water, constantly
flowing from particular spots on this peninsula, was an im-
portant, if not the particular reason, for our puritan fathers'
choice, in making Boston their favorite residence : there
were a number of those springs about Beacon hill, and at
that westerly part of the town ; and one of superior purity
and power, continually gushed forth, at the north corner of
Spring Lane and Washington Street, over which, is the
bookstore of the Messrs. Lorings.

Fort-hill was originally called Corn-hill ; there was a Fort
began on it,in 1632, by the people of Boston, Charlestovvn,
Roxbury and Dorchester ; and completed 1634, and ordi-
nance monnted in it, in May; Sir Edmund Andross took
shelter in the fort, in the commotions of 1689, where he, and
his accomplices were made prisoners, for their tyranny and
oppression.

Beacon hill, was situated on the northwest side of the com-
mon, a little northeast of the State House ; on the top of it,

BOSTO.N NOTIONS. Puife 19.
BEACON AND MONUMENT ON BEAC(^N HIIJ,

&

The four Tablets bearing- the inscriptions here copied, with the Ea|le

which Eurmoimted the Monument, i.s preserved

in the Stale Hou?e

BOSTON NOTIONS. 19

was a beacon, with a tar barrel at its apex, erected in 1635,
which was to have been fired, to give an alarm in the coun-
try, if Boston should be attacked or beseiged : this was blown
down in 1789, and a plain doric column erected of brick and
stone, incrusted with cement ; a large gilt eagle, at its top,
supporting the arms of America : its elevation, 60 feet ; di-
ameter of the column, 4 feet; the pedestal, 8 feet, : the hill
w^as of a sugar loaf form, 138 feet above the level of the sea.

Inscriptions, commemorating important occurrences, were
on the tablets of the pedestal ; as follows : on its south, To
comiTiemorate that train of events, which led to the American
Revolution, and finally secured liberty and independence, to
the United States, this column is erected by the voluntary
contributions of the citizens of Boston, MDCCXC.

On the west side ; Stamp act passed 1765, repealed 1766.
Board of Customs established, 1767. British troops fired on
the inhabitants, March 5, 1770. Tea destroyed in Boston,
Dec. 16. Port of Boston, shut and guarded, June 1, 1774.
General Congress at Philadelphia, Sept. 4. Provincial Con-
gress at Concord, Oct 11. Battle of Lexington, April 9, 1775-
Eattle of Bunker Hill, June 17. Washington took command
of the Army, July 2. Boston evacuated, March 1?, 1776.
Independence declared by Congress, July 4, 1776, Hancock,
president.

On the north side; Capture of Hessians at Trenton, Dec.
26, 1776. Capture of Hessians, at Bennington, Aug. 16, 1777.
Capture of army at Saratoga, Oct. 17, — Alliance with France,
Feb. 6, 1778, — Confederations of the United States, formed,
July 9. Constitution of Massachusetts, formed 1780. Bow-
•doin, president of convention. Capture of British army, at
York, Oct. 19, 1781. Preliminaries of Peace, Nov. 30, 1782.
Definitive treaty of Peace, Sept. 10, 1783. Federal constitu-
tion formed Sep. 17, 1787, and ratified by the United States,
1787 to 1790. New Congress assembled at New York, April

b

20 BOSTON K0T10N3.

16. 7'89. Washington inaugurated President; April 30. Pub-
lic debts, funded. Aug. 4, 1790 : and on j^the east side,
AMERICANS ; while from this eminence, scenes of lux-

URIENT FERTILITY, OF FLOURISHING COMMERCE, AND THE A-
BODES OF SOCIAL HAPPINESS MEET YOUR VIEW, FORGET NOT
THOSE WHO BY THEIR EXERTIONS, HAVE SECURED TO YOU
THESE BLESSINGS.

A mill creek was formed July 5, 1631, from the town
dock, through; into a cove on the northwest-by-north, line ;
and a plank was laid over it in Ann St. which had the name
of draw bridge, it being originally intended to have been
made to hoist for vessels to pass ; one also, In Middle Street,
(now Hanover,) which was called the Mill bridge, it being-
near to a grist mill : this wdiole creek was filled in with
earth, in 1825,

PRIMITIVE ITEMS.

The first night watch in Boston, was appointed Feb. 1635:
In 1653, ill lieu of a watch, a bellman was provided, to go a-
bout from 10 till five in the morning. — In 1649, it was order-
ed that no person should play at shuffle-board, bowling or
any other play, about a public house, under pain of forfeiture
of 20 shillings from the keeper, and 5 from every person
playing ; also, if any one deny the scriptures, to be the word
of God, to be fined £50 or whipped 40 stripes, unless he pub-
licly recant: in which case, his fine is £10, and whipped if he
pay not that ; — and if the said offender after said recantation
or punishment, shall the second time obstinately maintain
the said wicked opinion, he shall be banished or put to
death as the court shall judge.

It was ordered that every inhabitant having any of John
Iveeve's and Lowdowick Muggleton's books, and shall not

BOSTON NOTIOKS.

21

biiiig or send them unto the next magistrate, shall forfeit £10
and the books burnt in the market place at Boston, on the
next lecture day by the common executioner. — Philip Rat-
clif, (a servant) being convicted of slanderous invectives
against the church and government ; to be whipped, lose
his ears and to be banished, which was ^- presently " exe-
cuted.

1640. Edward Palmer was hired to build a pair of Stocks,
and on being adjudged as asking a great price for them, was
sentenced to be put in them for one hour. — and Capt. Stone
was sentenced to pay £100, to Justice Ludlow, for calling
him a just-ass, and also, prohibited from coming into Boston
without the Governors leave, upon pain of death. — Josias
Plastow, for stealing four baskets of corn from the Indians ;
was ordered to return eight baskets, to be fined £5, and to
be called Josias, and not Mr. Josias in future.

1635, Nov. 30, It was agreed, that no hirlher grants of al-
lotments of land shall be made to new comers, without they
may become members of the church ; — also, that none shall
sell their houses or lands without the consent of the allot-
ters : — and also, all who have allotments for habitation shall
build thereon, by the first of March, or else the land will
be disposed of.

1636, June 6, Richard Fairbank, sold two houses " in
Sudbury end," to two strangers contrary to order, which
sale was made void and he fined five pounds.

1638, Jan. 8, Eighty-six poor families with 337 heads,
were allowed 4 and 5 acres each, according to the distance
from Boston, at muddy river, (Brookline :) — and 30 other
families, Gov.Winihrop, Mr. Cotton, Mr. Wilson, " and other
principal persons" 300 acres and upwards, each.

1642, March 4, It was ordered, that the remaining lands
not disposed of excepting those laid out for commons at Bos-
ton, Braintree and muddy river, be divided among the

22 BOSTON NOTIONS.

present inhabitants, with such as may join us within two
months ; the apportionment to be done by the Selectmen.

1645j Sept. 7, It was ordered, that all grants of land, were,
and shall be, Estates in Fee Simple, with due privileges
to the grantees, and their heirs, forever ; except where a
term of years had been expressed.

1652, Feb. Richard Woody, is admitted an inhabitant, on
condition he shall not be offensive, by his trade.

1657, John Pierce, is admitted an inhabitant, on the testi-
mony of J. Eve rill and I. Collamore.

1652, An Irish woman was admitted, on the bond of D,
Faulkner, for seven pounds ; that she should not become the
town's expense.

Sargent Perkins, for being drunk, to carry 40 turfs to the
Fort. — Samuel Lovell, admonished to take heed of light car-
riage.— Catherine, wife of Richard Cornish, was found suspi-
cious of incontinency, and admonished to take heed. — John
Wedge wood, for being in the company of drunkards, to be
set in the stocks. — John Daw, for criminal connexion with
an Indian woman, to be severely whipped ; and at the next
session of the court, it was changed to death, to both parties,
if with another man's wife.

Dock Square, was formerly a ^ cove or bay,' the lide ri-
sing near to the pump, in front of the late Mr. Tuckerman's
building : it was filled up, about 1780.

Oliver's Dock came up to Kilby Street, on one side of
which, stood the famous Stamp office, which was destroyed
by the citizens and b'hoys, in 1765 : and with that move-
ment, was the most effective resistance made, to the British
scheme of taxation ; and the first public demonstration, that
the people intended to obtain freedom and independence for
themselves and their descendents, throughout all lime.

The greater part of Quaker Lane, (Congress St.) is made
land ; it is in the recollection of the 'oldest inhabitant,' that

BOSTON NOTIONS. 23

lighters and boats ' came up as far as Congress St. — Sineltg
were taken in Federal St. near to the church; from a view
of the grounds in connexion with the above, it inay be sup-
posed that the greater part of Congress St., all Liberty Square
and Kilby St. were flats, on which the tide rose.

The first settlers pitched their tents at the base of the
three hills on their eastern side, but many removed to the
north end, which became the most elegant and populous
part of the town.

Mr. Johnson, who came to Boston at the invitation of Mr.
Blackstone, had his square portion of land comprising all
between Court and School Sts. and between Tremont and
Washington Street ; on being near his last days he desired to
be buried at the south-west corner of his lot; and the people
exhibiting their attachment to him wished to be bnried near
him: this was the origin of the Stone Chapel burying ground.

1631, March 16. The first recorded fire, was on this day
at noon ; the chimney of Mr. Thomas Sharp's house took
fire, " the splinters not being clayed at the top and taking
the thatch burnt it down : " the wind being north-west, car-
ried the fire to Mr. Colburn's house some rods off, and burjit
that down; with much of their furniture and other goods be-
longing to those who hired part of the buildings.

1631, March 4. Nicholas Knopp was fined £5, for taking
on himself to cure the scurvy with a water of no value yet
selling it at a dear rate ; to be imprisoned till he has paid the
fine or else be whipped, and be liable to any man's action
of whom he had received money for said water.

March 22. All who have cards or dice or gaming tables,
shall make way with them before the next court. — May 18,
W.Cheeseborough's house burnt,all the people being present.

1632, May 8. Gov. John Winthrop, re-chosen Governor
and Thomas Dudley, Lieut. Governor. Coiianfs Island

24 BOSTON NOTIONS.

(Winthrop's Island) was granted to the Governor, at a nomi-
nal rent.

1634, April. Long Island, Hog and Deer Island, were
granted to Boston, for nominal rent, and convenient enlarge-
ment at Mount Wolaston : they were permitted to cut wood
on Dorchester neck.

1636. Romney Marsh, (Chelsea) Spectacle Lland, and
Noddies Island, (East Boston) were added; at these places,
portions of the soil, were allotted to every family in Boston.

Mr. Wm. Blackstone was admitted to take the freeman's
oath, before the law restricted that privilege to church mem-
bers, only, of the puritan faith : he was an ordained Episco-
pal clergyman ] a man of great learning, and of generous
sentiments, yet eccentric : two writers state, that he lived in
Boston, 9 or 10 years : it appears he did not much enjoy him-
self among his associates, and sold all his rights here, ex-
cepting six acres of well cultivated land, located near Cam-
bridge bridge, then called Barton's point ; he never would
join any church here, saying,' I came from England, be-
cause I did not like the lord bishops, but I cannot join
with yoQ, because I would not be under the lord breth-
ren': he removed to Cumberland, built a house, formed
for himself a beautiful park, and cultivated part of the land^
known as the ' Whipple farm : ' he raised an orchard there ^
being the first that bore the yellow sweeting apple ; and it
was said, he raised the first orchard in Massachusetts :
though he did not agfee with Roger Williams, he often walk-
ed to Providence, to preach : and to encourage his young
hearers, and gratify his own benevolent feelings, he would
have them partake of his beautiful fruit, which were the
first they had ever seen : — he was in Boston, April 17, 1635,
and again, on March 9, of that year, as the records testify :
when he became aged, and could not walk far, as he had no
horse, he rode on a Bull, he had trained for that purpose ;

BOSTON NOTIONS. 25

he died, May 26, 1675, and was buried on Study hill, where
a flat stone, marks his grave.

1633, Sept. 4, The Rev. Mr. Cotton arrived, and with
him, two hundred other passengers ; he was ordained teach-
er of the first Church, situated in State Street. Oct. 10.

1634, March. In Gov. Winthrop's Journal, it is stated,
that by order of court, a market was erected in Boston, to be
kept every Thursday, that being Lecture day ; this is the
first notice of the Thursday lecture, in that Journal ; but by
an order of Court, Oct. 1633, appointing one o'clock for
them, shows, that they had been earlier established.

John Cogan, opened the first shop, and Samuel Cole the
first house for entertainment.

1634. The general court, held a session in Mr. Cotton's
church ; he, preaching the election sermon ; and laid it down
as a rule, that a magistrate ought not to be reduced to a pri-
vate citizen, without just cause and public conviction, &c.
but his sermon did not have the effect he probably intended;
for the freemen proceeded to vote, and made choice of Thos.
Dudley for Governor, and Roger Ludlow for Lieut. Governor ;
leaving out Mr. Winthrop, altogether ; and Newton, (Cam-
bridge,) became the seat of government for the year.

1634. In the course of this fall, some of the people had
been abused and insulted on board a vessel in the harbour ]
and the supercargo of the ship, being on shore, he was seiz-
ed and committed, till he gave bail, that the offender should
be forthcoming ; when, upon examination, not much could
be made of the matter, the bail was discharged, with advice
to the master, not to bring any such disorderly people here
again.

1635, Feb. 9. It was agreed by general consent, that the
inhabitants shall plant, only, upon ground already broken
up, or upon Noddles Island, from Mr. Maverick's grant : and

26 BOSTON MOTIONS.

that every able mm sliall have two acres to plant, and every
youth one acre.

1632, Oct. 3. Every one shall pay a penny sterling', for ev-
ery time of taking tobacco in any place. The first notorious
thief in Massachusetts, was sentenced to lose all his estate ;
out of which double amount to be paid for whatever stolen ;
to be whipped ; bound out for three years, and after tiiat to
be dealt with as the conrt directs.

The court at Boston, ordered a man to be severely whipt
for cursiiig, swearing, justifying the same, and glorying in
it.

1633. Mr, Cotton desired baptism for his son, born on the
passage whom he named Seaborn.

Nov. The Sachem Chicatabot died : he had frequented
Boston, and was on very friendly terms with Gov. Winthrop:
at one time he came with his ' sannops ' and squaws, and
presented the Gov. with a bushel of corn : after refreshing
themselves with a cup of sack and a taste of tobacco the sa-
chem ordered the whole party away, in a thunder storm ;
himself with one squaw and a ' cannop, ' staying all night :
he sometimes dressed like the inhabitants, but his best dress
being on the wane, he wanted the Gov. to sell him a suit ;.
but was told that English Sagamores did not truck, but calling
his tailor, was directed to make a suit, to be ready in three
days : at that time Chicatabot returned, and his new dress
of regimentals were put on and suited him jfinely -and pleas-
ed him mightily : he was treated to a collation, but would
not eat till the Gov. had asked thanks, and ending the re-
past desired for the same ; and after presenting two good
skins of Beaver to the Gov. he departed : in this, he gave
evidence of great politeness : some of his brother chiefs on
a visit at one time being invited to attend a sermon, getting
weary of the service went out, broke into a near house, and
sati-fiod their hunger with the best thev could find.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 27

1634. A man who had often been punished for beiiio*
drunk, was now ordered to wear a red D, about his neck, for
a year.

April 3. Governor Winthrop went on foot to Agawam,
[Ipswich,] and spent the Sabbath there, preaching.

1635, Ordered, that any one entering into any private con-
ference at a public meeting, to the hinderance of its concerns,
shall forfeit twelve-pence, for public uses.

May 6th. A court was held at Newton (Cambridge,) when
John Haynes, Esq., of that place, w^as chosen Governor, and
Richard Bellingham of Boston, Deputy Governor : these
Officers were elected with written votes, but the Assistants.
were chosen without names : the Gov. nominating one Assist-
ant to the voters : they all then went out at one door, and
came in again at another ; and each put a piece of paper in-
to a hat : such as voted for the one nominated, had some fig-
ure or scroll, upon it ; and those opposed to him, put in a
blank paper.

Absence from church, the Assistants were to take cogniz-
ance of; and fine the delinquents not exceeding 10 shillings,
or by imprisonment.

Punishment for any deviation from the peculiar line, mark-
ed out by the Puritans, to this date, 1635, had been sentenced
in most cases, by ex-post-facto law ; taking life and limb :
branding with hot iron, and clipping off ears ; but at this date,
the deputies agreed, that a body of laws, should be framed,
which would be approved of by the General Court, and some
ministers ; as a fundamental code.

Mr. Wilson returned from London, with his wife. May 26,
1632, — and the Congregation began in August, to build a
house for public worship, and one for their pastor, and made
a voluntary contribution of 120 pounds. The Meeting-house
was erected on the south side of State Street, about where
the Exchange Coifee House now is ; its roof was thatched.

1:5 BOSTON NGTlOlN?.

and its walls were of mud. Up to that period one hundred
and fifty-one members; of whom 94 were men and 57 wo-
men had joined the Boston church in full communion : in
those days, there was a distinction of offices in the church
which is not now retained. Mr. Wilson was first ordained
at teacher, and Nov. 22, was chosen Pastor : jMr. Thomas
Oliver was chosen rulinsr Elder.

CONFUSION IN THE CHURCH.

1635, Oct. 6, Two ships arrived, and Mr. Henry Vane,
(son and heir to Sir Henry Vane, comptroller to the King's
house,) came passenger : he had been employed by his
father while Ambassador for foreign affairs ; but being call-
ed to the obedience of the Gospel, forsook all the honors and
perferments of the Court to enjoy the ordinances of Christ,
in there purity here : he was now twenty-one years of age :
made great professions of religion : enthusiastic, and con-
formed to the peculiar scruples of the day : the people soon
became attached to him and admitted him a member of the
Church Nov. 1st, and on the 30th, was appointed with T.
Oliver, and T. Leverett, for one year to have the hearing-
and decision of all cases of dispute, in lieu of trial at court :
but that appointment was not repeated.

Mr. Vane and Hugh Peters, endeavored to unite some of
the " people of quality," with their magistrates ; where
there appeared to be a little difficulty or misunderstanding ;
and at a meeting procured by them of all parties ; harmo-
ny was restored.

It was at this time, Jan. 1636, that, that useful, pious, and
good man Roger Williams, was sentenced to banishment
or death for having been guilty of heresy : the most import-
ant count, was that of avowing his conviction and belief

EOSTO; ^-OTIOXS.

that by immersion in tiie river, and not by the ordinance of
-sprinkling, was the primitive and most correct platform for
a connexion and for a true acceptancy in the church,

Mr Vane, was admitted a freeman March 3, 1636 : and
at the election in May, was chosen Governor and Mr. Win-
throp, Lieut. Governor : — The Gov. took more state upon
him than any one of his predecessors : 15 ships in the har-
bor fired salutes on his election, and in return he invited
their commanders to a dinner : his administration for some
months satisfied the people ; but towards the end of the
year they were discontented and weary of his government :
and this he was made sensible of : he received letters from
home inviting his return, which he communicated to
Messrs. Winthrop and Dudley, and they agreed that the oc-
•casion would justify him in a compliance.

He called a meeting of the General Court, and made
known the necessity of his quilting the country : the court
considered the subject till next day, when one of the mem-
bers lamented the loss of such a Governor at such a time, in
such pathetic terms that Mr. Vane burst into tears ; and
.avowed that although his continuance here would involve
the utter ruin of his estates in Engla;id ; yet he would have
Jiazarded all that rather than have left them at such a time
if other things had not pressed him more ; which was their
'differences of opinion and dissentions : scandalous imputa-
tions on himself, as if he was the author of it all : therefore
he thought it was best to give place for a time : this last
part displeased the court, but on his acknowledgement that
it was an expression that slipped from him, in paesion: they
silently consented to his departure.

Some of the church regretting his loss, held a meeting ;
and agreed that they did not apprehend any necessity for
iiis leaving for the reasons alledged : and sent some of
iheir members to signify as much to the court ; Gov. Vane

30 BOSTON NOTIONS.

expressed himself so obedienl to the church, that notwith-
staudhii^- the licence of the court, he durst not go away, con-
trary to the will of the church.

The dissensions Mr, Vane referred to, were in the church*
which at that time, composed the great body of the people
of the town : the members usually met together, once a
week, to repeat, review, and debate, the Sunday Sermons :
and as their doctrines did not permit the women to bear a
part in the discussions, th^y thought they might hold similar
meetings, among themselves, with much usefulness : ac-
cordingly Mrs. Ann, wife of Wm. Hutchinson, a woman of
piety, ready talents, and flow of speech, established one at
her house : her fame gained a numerous auditory ; from 60
to 80 usually attended : she took the lead in prayer, and in
repeating Mr. Cotton's sermons : after which she made ob-
servations, and reflections, on their tendency, &c., a reason
she gave for her practice, was, the injunction given by Paul,
that the elder women should teach the younger : these meet-
ings were generally approved of, until she commenced ma-
king invidious distinctions, between the ministers of the colo-
ny; classing a few as evangelical, and under the covenant
of grace, and all the rest were under the covenant of works.

Mr. J. Wheelwright, a half-brother to Mrs. HutchinsoUj
and a minister of learning, and piety, joined with her in these
sentiments : to the above classification, two other new tenets
were added ; first, that the person of the Holy Ghost, dwell-
eth in a justified person : second, that sanctification was no
proof of justification; and in addition to these important
items, she maintained, that individuals might as herself had
been, favored with immediate revelations, equally infallible,
with the scriptures.

The greater part of the Boston church, with Mr. Cotton,
and Gov. Vane, held to the doctrines of tlie indwelling of the
Holy Ghost; Mr. Vane, even maintained the idea, of a per-

J

BOSTON NOTIONf:. 31

Bonal union; Mr, Winthrop, Rev., J. Wiison, anil ("our or live
members, denied both : but at last concluded, that the Holy
Ghost, is God ; and dwells in the believer, as the Father
and the Son ; yet as Scripture does not declare the manner
of this union, and as the mention of the person of the Holy
Ghost, is not made there, or in the writings of the primitive
churches, it was earnestly desired that the word person,
should be foreborne, as tending only to doubtful disputation.

Such are some of the strange vagaries, that disturbed the
peace of Boston, in 1636 ; its church became opposed to all
churches in the country : arraying their ministers, and mag-
istrates against this vineyard of Calvinism,

Ministers from the country, repaired to Boston, to examine
the case in a friendly and private manner : as some strange
ideas had crept into their own churches : on the subject of
saiictification there was but little difference, but on personal
union they could not agree. Mr. Peters at this conference,
told Gov. Vane, that less than two years gone, the churches
and the inhabitants were at peace and happy ; and besought
him to consider his little experience, and to beware of hasty
and peremptory conclusions which he perceived he was
very liable to ; this could not be misunderstood. Mr, Wilson
made a speech on the sad state of the churches and the dan-
ger of a separation, laying all the blame on the new opinion-
ists; the General Court holden in March, Joined in the con-
troversy ; it had a party in favor of Mr, Cotton, but more
were on the side of Mr. Wilson and his friends. Mr. Wheel-
Wright preached a sermon on Fast day, increasing the irrita-
tion ; and the court was to take that into consid'eration.

The court met on ?vlay 17 : a petition was presented from
Joston which Gov. Vane would have read, but Mr. Winthrop
declared it out of order, as this was a court of election :
the meeting was very tumultuous; some fierce speeche*
were made, alid blows given : the election proceeded, and

•^-2 UOSTOK NOTIONS.

)Ti;i(le choioo of >,Ir. Wiiiihrop for Governor, and Mr. Dudley,
lor Lieutenant Governor.

Mr. Wlioelwright appeared at court^ but they respited him,
till the next session : to consider whether he would retract
his errors, or abide the decision of the court : his answer was,
*' If I have been guilty of sedition, letrae die : recantation is
out of the question : if you proceed thus, unrighteously
against nrie. I shall appeal to the tribunal of my King." A
party of emigrants was now expected, who would be favor-
able to the new sentiments prevailing in Boston, and to pre-,
vent such a '' calamity,'' the court passed laws, prohibiting
all persons from entertaining any strangers, who should come
with any intention to tarry, without liberty from one of the
standing council, or two other assistants' this severe order
was so obnoxious, that on the governor's return from court,
every one refused to show him any respect.

Mr, Vane returned to England, August 2d : on his arrival
in London, he became active in the political affairs r.f state :
was Knighted in 1640 : joined the party against Charles, and
after the restoration, was tried for high treason, and beheaded
.June 14, 1662, being about 50 years of age. Mr. Vane, while
here, formed a powerful protection to the heresy party : Rog-
er Williams was banished two years previous for sentiments,
considered less dangerous. Mrs. Hutchinson continued her
lectures with increasing notoriety: both church and state were
thrown into confusion, and those in power lost the confi-
dence of the people who became quarrelsome, and ready
for more serious events : both parties claimed Mr. Cotton
as their leader : and he was desired to state from the
pulpit his position, which he did; denouncing most of the
new doctrines as false.

A. Synod was held May 30, for the puritication of Bo^iton
from heresy : a place Vv^as appointed for the professors of the
r*ew opinions and also for spectators: a list of 82 erroneous

B03TOX >: 01 IONS. 33

opinions was read, which had believers in iheni in various
parts of the country, many of which were the most monstrous
and absurd that seemingly ever entered the brain of man :
all the members of the synod signed the condemnation ex-
cept Mr. Cotton, who though he disliked a great part of them
refused to condemn them as a whole; this decision brought
the clergy closer together, to oppose false ideas and doctrines.

Mr. Wheelwright continued his preaching, and Mrs. Hutch-
inson her meetings; and their followers were so set, that
when Mr. Wilson went up the pulpit steps to preach, one
half of the congregation left the church. The court met on
the 26th of Sept. when Mr. Wheelwright appeared, but was
discharged; they could not count a majority for executing
the decrees of the synod ; the house was dissolved, and a
new one chosen, with eleven, out of twenty-.six of the former
deputies : they again met at Cambridge, Nov. 2. This court
on consultation, concluded, that two such opposing parties,
could not continue together, without some hazard of ruining
the whole: and agreed, to send olTsome of tlie principal ac-
tors : they made a pretext for such a course, by the remon-
strance from Boston to the court in March; which was then
rejected as a presumptuous act : and was signed by upwards
of 60 persons.

Mr. Aspinwall, was one, and Mr. Coggeshall defended it ;
they were therefore expelled from court. Mr. Wheelwright
was then summoned, to acknowledge his offence, or abide
the sentence of the court : he answered. '' he had been
guilty of no sedition or contempt, and delivered nothing but
the truth ; -' he was desired to leave the colony of his own
accord, but would not; he was disfranchised and bani&hed :
Mr. Coggeshall, was deacon of the Boston church, he was
disfranchised, and enjoined not to speak any thing to disturb
the peace, upon pain of banishment : Mr. Aspinwall v/as
the author of said remonstrance, for which he wa^ ditfran-

;.^4 BOSTON NOTIOKS.

clii^^cd ami biiiiished. Win. Balston and Edward Hutchin-
!^oiij were both signers and defended their course ; they be-
ing seigeunt.s. were turned out of office^ disfranchised, and
Balstun lined i;20, and Hutchinson, £40; but Hutchinson
owning his fault, liis fine was remitted; four or five more
were disfranchised : — Capt. Underbill's commission waa
taken away : and a poor Ferryman, lost his place : ten oth-
ers, on acknowledging their offence, were pardoned : it was
also an order of Court, that the seventy-six named individuals
' on their list, should deliver in at Mr. Keayne's house, all.
^ such guns, pistols, swords, powder, shot, and match, as
'■ they shall be the owner of, or have in their custody ; and
'■ no one, so rendering his arms, may buy or borrow, any of

* such articles, until the court shall so order. ^ 58, of those
named, belonged to Boston ; being about one quarter part of
the business men of the town.

Mrs. Hutchinson, came next: three ministers, testified
that, JMrs. H, asserted, 'that there was a broad difiisrence,

* between themselves, and Mr. Cotton ; that he preached a

* covenant of grace, and they of works ; that they were not

* able ministers of the new testament ' ; this, comprised the
head and front other ofTending : '■ she acknowledged her con-
' tidence in revelations, which she had received in regard to
' future providences : ' this last, alone, satisfied most of the
court, that she was deserving of banishment.

Gov. AViuthrop. If it be the mind of the court, that Mrs. Hutchinson, for
tliese things that appctir before us, is unlit for our society ; mu! if it be th«
inind of tlie court, tlial she shiiU be bauisiied out of our liberties and iinpri*-
oned till she be seal away, let thern hold up their hands.

All but three.

Those that are contrary minded, hold up yours.

Mr. Coddingtou and Mr. Colhurn, only.

Mr. Jeanison : I cannot hold up my liand one way or the other, and I shall
give my reasons if the court require it.

Gov. Winthrop, — Mrs. liulciiinson I the sentence of the Court you hear if,
that you are banislied from out of our jurisdiction, as being a woman unfit for
our society : an>l are to be imprisoned till the court send you aw^ay.

Mrs. 1!. — I desire to know wherefore 1 am bani.?hed?

(at^r. W.-*S»}' no more : the- court know wherefore, and is satiffied.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 35

Mrs. H. — remained in Boston and in the neighborhood in
the castody of some of the clergy : on the 22d of March,
''she was cast out of the church for iinpenitently persisting
' in a manifest lie," She received orders to " leave the ju-
* risdiction, before the close of the month/' and departed on
the 28th day : she went with her husband to Rhode Island :
in 1642, after the decease of her husband she removed into
the Dutch settlement beyond New Haven, and the next
year, she with all her family consisting of 16 persons were
killed by the Indians, except one daughter whom they car-
ried into captivit3^

DETACHED CHRONOLOGICAL ITEMS.

In 1638. the Ancient and Honorable Ailallery CoiDpany was
formed : and organized on the lirst INIonday in June : they
made choice of a Captain from Boston ; first Lieutenarit fr<;m
Dorchester : 2d. do, from Charlestown, and Ensign from
Cambridge : the title of their Charter, was, the military
COMPANY OF MASSACHUSETTS i the change in their title, was
commenced by the people ; for the respect borne towards
them, for so great a length of time.

In 1642, the industry of the people had raised extra pro-
duce enough to supply Portugal, Maderia and Spain with
the chief elements for the support of life, through cominer-
cial exchanges: in 1641, the Town was assessed for the cost
of their selectmen's dinner to the amount of two pounds and
eighteen shillings — June 1656, Mrs. Ann Hibbins was tried
and adjudged guilty of witchcraft, and executed therefor :
the Rev, Mr, Buck said, '' it was because she had more wit
than some of her neighbors ; '' this was the third execution
for witchery in New England : the first took place in Ccn-
ueoticut, and the second in Charlestown.

In 1676 Kiti^' Ciiarles 2d, beiian a course of coercive uuni,-
c*

S(J BOSTON ROTIONS.

euies to regulate the trade of those then plantationSj whi«h
the people at once refused to acquiesce in.

la 1658 three Quakers of the name of Holden, Copeland,
and Kouse, were deprived of their right ear by the Boston
Hangman, m pursuance of the sentence of the court against
Quakers, and four persons suffered the penalty of death in
1660 for the same offence.

To show in wliat manner the practise of impressment suit-
ed the people of Boston_, the following incident will give full
evidence : Commander Knowles with his squadron of British
men of war^ anchored in the harbor of Nantasket, in 1747,
and as some of his men deserted, he determined that their
places should be supplied by a press-gang in Boston, and
accordingly on the 17th of November, sent his boats to town,
manned for that purpose, and forced off some landsmen and
sailors : as soon as it became known, the people gathered in
masses for consultation, and to obtain their release with sat-
isfaotion for the insult : a Lieutenant being on shore who had
no concern with the doings of the press-gang, wa* imme-
diately seized by the populace, but was providentially saved
from injury, by the speaker of the House of Delegates, as he
was then passing by, and cleared the Lieutenant of the
charge, when he was permitted to be led safely away; on
receiving intelligence that some British Officers were at Gov.
Shirley's house, they wended their course there, when it
was quickly surrounded : a deputy sheriff undertook to con-
trol the irritated mind of the people, but he was seized by
them, carried off and set in the stocks : at night-fall, lots of
them gathered again in King Street (State,) while the gen-
eral court was in session ; when volleys of stones and brick-
bats, were hurled through the windows into the council
chamber : Gov. Shirley with his friends, appeared in the ,1
balcony of the State House, and appealed to the best feelings i
»f ihe people to bear and tovbear a Utile wliile^ when he I

BOSTON MOTIONS, 37

hc^ed to obtain the release of, and redress for every one
of the impressed : this availed but little to quiet them; and
when they learned that one of the barges was up to the town,
a general rush was made to get possession of it, but by mis-
take they seized a merchantman's boat, and bearing it in
triumph through the streets, passed in front of the governor's
house, and burnt the craft remote from any building.

The militia were ordered out the next day by the gover-
nor, but none appeared, when under apprehension for his
persona] safety, the governor fled to Castle Island on the
19th : when most, if not all the men impressed, returned to
their homes and the British fleet put to sea the same day.

The records of Jan. 21st, 1639, stale 'Mhere is granted to
the overseers of the wharves and crane, an hundred acres of
land at Mount Wolaston, next to the allotment already
granted, towards repairing and maintaining said wharves
and crane."

1641. Valentine Hill, Edwd. Bendall, and associates ob-
tained a lease of the Town dock for 80 years from 1646 and
built wharves and warehouses thereon, and leased the same
for the residue of the term, which often resulted in a bona
fide sale from the town authorities : the property they erect-
ed reverted to the Town, at the expiration of their contract,
where no sale was made : Cod man's wharf they built and it
was sold to John Woodmansy: Spear's Wharf was another,
which was sold to Eliakim Hutchinson. Many wharves
were built before 1673, when the great work of constructing
the stone wharf was accomplished : 2200 feet long from In-
dia wharf to Fleet st : 22 feet thick of stone and 20 feet high,
which was designed for a town rampart and wharf, but nev-
er having occasion to use it as a fortification, and it not other-
wise being productive property, was suffered to decay.

Eastward of Faneuil Hall, which seems to have been the
chief place for mercantile business ; on a narrow point of

BOSTON NOTIONS.

low land wMch was anciently granted to Mr. Belliufrliam
and sold to Christophei Lawson and John tScottow previous
to 1«)50 : on this spot a Triangular warehouse (as represent-
ed in the cut.) was erected in 1700, probably by Dutch
Tea merchants : the building was of large brick, on a stone
foundation; its roof slated : it had three towers finished with
a ball each : it was taken down in 18-24 to make room for the
Quincy Market improvements : it measured on J^Ierchants'
Row 51 feet; and 15 feet of its south west projection is in
that street : on Clinton St. side it extended 55 feet and a few
feet of its north east corner is in that street : North Market St.
side, it measured 48 feet and the mass of its area, is covered
with the two westerly stores on North ^Market St.

THIAXGULAR WAREHOUSE, TOWN DOCK.

A large fire commenced Aug. 8th, 1C79: at one Gross'
house, sign of the '•' Three Mariners." near the dock: upwards
of 80 houses, 70 warehouses and several vessels with their
lading were all consumed : the whole loss was computed at
.0200,000, supposed to have been set on fire, and ten su.^-
pected persons were ordered out of the jurisdiction and kept

BOSTON NOTIONS. Sy

imprisoned till they departed. The houses and stores near
the town dock, were re-built either with brick or if with
wood, plastered on the outside with a strong cement inter-
mixed with gravel and glass, and slated or tiled on the roof;
of two stories, with a garret in the peaked top.

BUILDIXG, CORNEK OF ANN STRCKT AST) DOCK .SQUARE.

This building is the only one now standing in Boston, par-
taking in any eminent degree the architecture of 1680 :
the original timber still supports the buildhig and the peaks
of the roof are the same. The rough-cast plastering has
broken glass imbedded in it, on which the storms of 168
years have made but little impression : the building is 32
feet in length and 17 feet wide, the cut is a good representa-
tion of it on the north side of Faneuil Hall.

Bendall's cove covered the whole of Dock Square up to the

I end of Brattle Street and the tide waters rose on the south

and southwest sides to the narrow side-walk of this building.

! Mr. Simpson is its principal occupant as a trader in feathers,

40 BOSTON Nf)Tl()NS.

ORLGIN OF THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

A trifling incident occured, from wliicli grew the impor-
tant results of dividing the magidtrates from the deputies
and forming a legislature of a senate and house of repre-
sentatives : a small pig strayed from its owner, one good
Mrs. Sherman ; and her husband and the ' childers ' not
being at home to look after the darling, it wandered through
the town of Boston, breaking into cornfields and feasting as
its hunger prompted : about the same time a pig was brought
to capt. Keayiie, who had it cried a number of days, many
came to see the pig but no one claimed it as their pig : so
capt. Keayne brought up the pig with one of his own, and
fed it for a year, and just as he had killed it for the pork
barrel, good Mrs. Sherman came forth and demairded her
pig, and accused capt. Keayne of wilfully killing her grun-
ter : the matter came to the ears of the church, and they in-
vestigated it in their usual thorough manner ; and cleared
the captain of all wrong in the premises : but good Mrs.
Sherman was advised by Mv. Story, an english merchant,
to prosecute the captain, and there he was again cleared with
£3 damages for costs from plaintiff: and on his prosecuting
Mrs. Sherman and her adviser Mr. Story for defamation, he
recovered £20 from each.

This result so vexed Mr. Story, that he searched country
and town for matter against the captain, about the stray pig:
and at last hunted up one of the captain's witnesses who
went to the Salem court and confessed that he had for-
sworn himself on the trial : Story then petitioned June 1642,
for another trial to be had which was granted ; and seven
days were then occupied with the case : but no decision
could be had as that required a majority of magistrates, and
also, of the deputies: there were thirty deputies; of which
fifteen were for Story, and eight for the captain, and 5,even

BOSTON NOTIONS. 4]

neutral ; and there were nine magistrates : and two of tliem
were for Story, and seven of them for the captain : it was
expected in the country, that Story would have won the day,
but as it was not so decided, the court was spoken of disre'-
spectfully, charging the magistrates with thwarting the course
of justice with a negative on the voice of the deputies : some
maintained that the negative power should be taken from
the deputies; and in 1644, a formal attempt was made for
that purpose, but without effect : it was thereupon moved
that the magistrates and deputies do set apart in future, and
Irom that time motions and resolves have been sent in a par-
liamentary way from one house to the other, the consent of
both being necessary for any act or law of the legislature :
but the finishing effect of the stray pig did not abide here,
for good Mistress Sherman continued her outcry so loud and
long, that the captain was at last obliged to purchase peace,
by giving to her his living fatted grunter. It is also said that
the £3 damages paid by Mrs. Sherman was returned to
her by capt. Keayne for the sake of peace.

In 1636 the Indian tribe of Pequods slayed some English
traders in the vicinity of New London, for which satisfaction
bemg demanded without success, Endicott, wiih 80 men was
sent to treat with them, but no treaty of peace could be made
vvith them; in 1637, Massachusetts, Plymouth and Connec-
ticut, sent a force to subdue them, and put to rout the whole
Jlau of natives, with the loss of ^oniy one Englishman ; this
5Aras the only warlike dispute had with the Indians till 1675,
when the sachem. King Phillip, commenced an extermina-
•mg war with all Europeans. Capt. Church wiih a few men
pursued the Indian to his den, at mount Hope, R. I., where
! I friendly Indian shot him dead, and this ended the Indian
.rariare fur that time.

42 ROSTON KDTIONS.

CiTIZTN'S Ol' BOSTON FOR THE TWENTY-SIX F.AKJ.IKST YRAR4.

Til.: f(>llo\vin,<x is :i list of :ill ihe iuhabilanl.s of LJosioii. from 1G30 lo 1C56,
with tlieir location as far a.s may l)e ascertained from tlie Registry of Deeils
olRre : Book of possessions of the town : records in the Slate House Library *
lliese were copied by a yomig gentleman witli care and many weeks labor ;
Savage's Winthrop Journal : Mass. Historical Collections, Snow's History
of Boston and John Farmer's Antiquarian vol. on New England Statistics.

The list is no doubt imperfect : some of the inhabitants were freemen in
England and did not take the freeman's oath here : the members of the firs;
dispensing government are not thus recorded, and .some few adventurers
among tlie first emigrants did not take the oath : but the list is as perfect aa
great labor and time devoted to the subject can make it, and it is hoped may
be the means of adding a few items to the knowledge of the early localities
of our City, in its first exertions for forming and building up this ancient town.
The 58 inhabitants of Boston who were disarmed tor Imrtay m religious
opinions in 1637, have a star (*) affixed to tlieir names.

Acres John, 1656.

Adams Alexander, freeman, 1(J43, bought the house formerly owned by John

Seabury, next lo Walter Merry's, near the north baiu^ry: luem. artill. co.,

lf).V2. had sons. .Tohn. Samiu-l. and probn!)iv others,
Adams ?^'ath"!, freeman lfJ!7; had s^-vei> children. Died March 30. 1090.
Adams Samuel, took the oath ]()13. owned a house near the Cove and Con-
duit in Ann Si. Gen. Gibbens' Warehouse west, the Cove south.
Addington Isaac, freeman 1G.50, probably mem artill. co. 16.52. lived next but

one to Capt. Leverelt, with Robt. Scol't, between : lie died March 19, 171.'5,

aged 70 years.
Alcook Tiiomas, freeman 1631 : died Sept. 14, 16.57, had son Jolm. liorn 1651.
Allen (leorge, took the oath 1645, lived on ^V^ashing;on St., cor. of Winter,

having Natlil. Woodward south, John Palmer east, and .f Merriam north.
Allen Dea. H^nry, (Joiner,) a freeman in 164s, died .Ian. 6. 1696.
Allen Bezoone, took the oath 1641, owned a liouse and wharf at Bendall's

Cove, (Dock Square.) north-east cor. Wilson's huie. and iit-xi south of him

was Joseph Rock. lie died Sept. 14, 1652.
Alford Wm. had son John, born 165S : this name is sometimes spelt Alvord.]
Allison James, 1644, had a son James, born KioO.
Allyne E Iward. took the oath 163s, (sp.dt Alicyne in the town record,)

roprcseiilative 4 years: owned a lot north of the new inoeling house. Mrs.

Mary Hawkins and Robert Field being neighbors, died Scjjt. 8, 1642
Anchor Tiioinas. his house ^vas bomided by .los. Bastard, south. Wm.

Weeks, north, Wm. Pliillips, east. Charles River, west.
Anderson Jo)m, 1647, owned a lot east of Barnabus Fawyer. with Caj.t.

Clark west, near the new meeting house.
Andrews .folm, had s<mis. Jolm ^6r}6, Jaincs 1664, and Edmund 1665.
Angier John, lived on Common St.. having a house garden, orciiard. &.C.,

previonslv belonginij- to his I'aiher-in-law. Wm. Aspjnwidl : on hi* north

Tims, ^^'■ondward, IJarker^ Richard Cooke, R. U'right, T. Bomslead, and

Thomas Grubb: and on the east, the high st. (Washington,) EpJiraiin Pope

and Anthony Stoddard on the south.
Arinilage CiOilfrey. took the oath 1638, had a house on Exchange St., Wm.

Toy \uljoiniiig': Rev. John Wilson's estate west.
Arnold John, took the oalh 1635. (in the town record it is spelt ArnoU,) owned

on Salem St. near to Tlios. Stanbnry. I

BOSTO:< NOTIONS. 43

♦Aspinwttll "Wm., (Depaty,) freeman 1C3-2; but wa? a candidate in 1630, rop-
resentative 1637; disarmed 1U37 ; lived near the Old South meetinj-housie,
and had a house, parden and orchard of2 acres on Common St. ; he was
banished in 1G33 for relig-ious heresy, viz : a difterent perception on some
points of the Calvinistic relig-ion. "In 1G42. 27th of 1st mo. March, he

I " was allowed lo com« to ihe Gen. Conn and tender his submission and
"made a free and full acknowledgement of his errors and his detestation
"of sin; when he was reconciled to the cinu-ch and his senten-!e of ban-
"ishment released ; " he M'as Recorder of tlie Town afterwards, mem. of
artill'y. co. 1643 ; removed to R. I., returned to Boston and finally to Eng-
land and there died ; had three daughters and two sons.

Atkinson Theodore, 1634, (Hatter,) took the oath 1642, mem. artill. co. 1644 ;
owned a house, orchard and garden ; land of Gamaliel Waite, east ; Job
Judkins, south ; the two streets north and west; died Aug. 1701, aged 90.

Aubrey Wm., merchant, married daughter of Secretary Rawson, 1653.

Avery John, died July 31, 1654.

Avis Wm., had a son John born 1665.

Awkley, Miles, had a son Miles born 1633.

Aylet John, (Merchant.) 16.55, owned a public house, known as the sign of
" Noah's Ark " at the north end, which was kept by John Vyall : he also
owned a wharf at the same place.

Babcock Geo., 1651, died Sept. 2, 1695.

Baker Alexander, freeman in 1646 ; had sons, Alex, born 1635, Sam. b. 1637,
John b. 1640, Josh. b. 1642, AVm. b. 1647, Benj. b. 1652 and Josiah b. 1654.

Baker Francis, had a son IVathaniel b. 1642.

Baker John, took the oath 1634 ; perhaps mem. artill. co. 1644, lived at the
north, near to Geo. Dell. Rich. Staines and Mfirk Rands; had sons John,
Thomas b. 1653, Samuel 1654, and Nathaniel 1656.

Baker Lancelot, 1644.

Baker Thomas, treeman 1649, died Jan. 3, 1699, had sons, John, Joseph and
perhaps Thomas.

Baker Wm., 1652, had sons, John b. 1653, and Wm. b. 1655.

Baldwin Geo., had a son John born 1639, died 1643.

Ballantiiie Wm., 1653, had sons, John, David, Benj. and Wm.

Balstone John, died June 6, 1706, aged 86.

Balstone Jonathan, had sons, John b. 1645, Jonathan 1651, James 1657, Rob-
ert 1662 and Benj 1663

*Balston Wm., (Dep.) took the oath 1630, disarmed 1637 ; sold his house to
Thos. Council hi 163S and went to R. I : the name is also spelt Banlstone.

Bailentine Wm (cooper,) owned a house and land; Geo. Barrill, (cooper,)
on his north, and John Phillips, west.

Balson Jonathan, once owned a lot and house, '• lying in a straight line with
" John Wakefield's on the south and south-east, the other not straight but
"crooked, next the land of Jas. Balson and John Clark," which he sold lo
Mordica Nichols in 1655.

Balson James, lived next to Mordica Nichols, on Union st.

Barker Edw., 1650, had a son Thomas born 16.57.

Barker Nicholas, (carpenter,) look the oath 1636, (in the toM-n record, spell
Baker.) mem. ArtiU'y. Co. 1656, lived near Winter st. on Washington ."=1.

Barnard Matthew, mem. artill. cu. 1660, freeman 1673, had sons, John, born
1654, Thomas 1657, Benj. 1662.

Barnard Richard, mem. artill. co., 1662, died Dec. 20, 1706.

Barrel! George, (cooper,) freeman in 1643, died Sept. 11, 1643. " ]91h of 9lh
'mo. Nov.l638. Alt a meeting this day of Thos. Oliver (and other over-
' seers) il appeared by a writing dated the 2d of Nov. last under the hand
'of Thos. Painter, that Geo. Barrell, cooper, hath for him and his heirs and
'his assig ees, for £28, bought of said Thos. Painter, his dwelling house
'with the appurtenances and ground under it in Towne, and whereas, he
'had tb« consent of the toM"nsmen, ajid soc is admitted a townsman upon

(1

44 BOSTON NOTIONS.

'roiulilion of InofTrnsiro cnrrynjTp." At thr above elulc. ihe valui* of a

housi^ with a lot of land, seems to have been about eqiml to a good cow,

which latter then sold at 2!) to 24£.

Harrell John, died Aug. 'ii), l(j.58, inein. Artillery Co. in 1R43. had four sons.

liarlow Bartholomew^ lived next to Wm. Franklin, near the Town Dock.

Barnard Bartholomew, owned a house and lot near the new meeling--honse,

^Vm. Beamsly on his south and Zacharie Phillips north.
Basclin Geo. was au associate with Henry Simons in .the grant of the Mill

pond in 1643
* Bates Edward, freeman March, 9, 163G, disarmed in 1G37 for heresy in re-
ligion, removed to "Weymouth.
Bates Georire, freeman. 1(53G.

Bateman .Tolin, lived on Ann St., bottnding- on llobt.AVinsor, the .<ea So.-enst.
Battle or Brattle, Roht. freeman 1(1.57, died Dec. 23, 1()58. lived on Brattle sq.
Reetfield Samuel, died Sept. 1, 16G0.
Baxter Nicholas, 1039, lived at the cor. of Smnmer and South sts, owning- a

considerable lot to the water, died probably Jan. 10, JG92.
Beanisly Wm., 1G32, mem. Ch. 1634, took the oath 1G36, (but .spelt Bensley
in the town record.) lived south-west of Zacharie Phillips, havhig Wm.
Phillips on his north-west, he died Sept. 29, 1658.
Belcher P^dw'd., took the oath 1631, lived in the vicinity of Bo3'lston market.
Bellingliam Rich'd.. Gov'r.j in 1641, 1654 and from 16G5 to 1673 owned an es-
tateWhere the Marine Railway now is, also a lot on the Cove, and resided
on Tremont st., next to John Coggan, opposite the Chapel burying ground,
he died in 1G72, about 80 years of age, he was buried in theGranary buri-
ground and over his tomb, which belongs to the heirs of the late Gov. Sul-
livan, is the following epitaph :

Virtue's fast friend vi'ithin tliis tonib doth lie,
A foe to bribes, but rich in charity.
♦B'^ndall Edw"d., (Ferryman & Trader,) freeman 1634, disarmed 1G37, he
leased a considerable part of the town dock Avhich bore his name for many
years ; he resided at the south west projection, where the grocery is by Mr.
Wellington, opp. the south west cor. of Fanenil Hall, mein artill. 1638, had
sons, Freegrace, Reform and Hopefor. he died in 1GS2 at an advanced age.
Kemiet Richard and Peter, brothers, 1645, had an estate by will from Christo-
pher Stanley, and Peter laid out the street by his name at the north end.
Benning Ralph, died Nov. 14, 1663.

*Biggs John, took the oath 1G34, disarmed 1637, mem artill. co.. 1641, re-
moved to Ipswich, owned east and west of the land in the new field, the
marsh being on the north and near him lived Jesse Glover and Robt. Turner.
Bill John, lived northwest of Wm. Courser, Wm. Tvng being on his south.

he died Dec. 1638.
Bi^shop Nath'l., took the oath 1645, lived next door to Mr. Powell on Milk »t.
corner of Bishop's Allev, (Hawlevst.) had sons, Jos., Benj., John and Sam.
Blake Henry, freeman, 1645; died'Julv26. 1662.

Blaintaine Wm., freeman 1643, lived next to Th. Wheeler, d. June 15, 16G2. ,
Blackstone Wm., took the freeman's oath 1630, the first European settler in |
Boston ; he pitched his lent liere alone, probably in 1625 : ai;d in 1635 sold |
all his land rights in Boston for £''.0, excepting 6 acres of land, which he
retained on Beacon and Charles st. this he disposed of a year or two after-
wards : his house was on or near the site of H. G. Otis' estate. He removed
to Cumberland, R. I., ■where he raised an orchard ; he died at his residence,
which he named " Study hill," in 1676 ; the next year the Indians destroy-
ed his house, and laid his lands waste. Tlie canal from AA'orcester to
Providence was named for him.
Blackleach Wm., lived next north of Wm. Davis^ on Congress st.
Biaekbone Walter, took the oath 1639, owned a house, shop and laud on
Washington St., near Bromfield St., ai'terw ards sold to Francis Lisle, barbt r.
Blanchard Joseph, died Dec, 1637.

BOSTON KOTIOKS. 45

HloU Ro!)t., ttx)k the onili 1635, lived on tlie cor. of Wfi.^liiiit^tou &, Winler st.
*Bo.sworth Zaclieiis, took the oulh 163(), disarmed l(j37. lived on the so-M^ertt
corner of School si., and near to him \vas John Norton, Rich. Cook and
elder James Peini ; mem. artill. co , 1650 : died July 2t^, 1655.
Bourne Nehemiah, [shipwright] mem. artill. co., 1638. Ireeman 1641, lived ia
u house formerly owned hy I^ieut Savajye, and afterwards by Edwd. Gib-
bens ; next nei£,'hbor was Goodman Smith; had son Nehemiah born 1640.
Bonnie Garret, took the o;iih 1635, in the town records it is Jarretl Bourne,

lived on Essex St.; corner of Washington st., had a son John born 1643.

Bort'en Griffith, took the oath 1639, (spell GrilFui in the town record.) lived

on the north cor. of Essex and Washington St.; had son Peniel, born 1644.

Bnickenbury John, had a sou John, born J657.

Bracket flichard, (jailor) freetnan 1636, lived on Washington St., near Court

St.; mem. artill. co. 1639 ; died March 3, 1691, aged BO.
Bradley Kiehard, 1651.

Bradford Robert, mem. ch. 1640 ; freeman 1642 ; had a son I\Ioses, born 1644
Breolce Edwd., ]639, owned a house, warehouse and wharf on Ann st.
Brenton Wni., deputy, merchant, took the freeman's oath 1634, resided in
Congress St., John Leveretl being on his north, he removed to R.I. in a few
vears after, and died at Newport, 1674.
Brick Robert, merchant, lived on Court st., land of Jas. Everell, on his south-
west, which he afterwards sold to Roger Seaward, seaman, 1655.
Bridgeham Henry, treeman 1643, mem. artill. co, 1644, capt. constable 1653.
Briggs Wm., 1642.
Briscoe Daifl, freeman, 1642, lived on Washington St., near to Warren st. ;

he was drowned June S, 1642.
Brown Richard, took the freeman's oath, 1630, first ferryman, Nov. 5, 1633,

to Charlestov/n, lived at the ferry way, near Medford st.
Brown Jas., took the oath 1636, mem. artill. co., 1643, had son James b 1635.
Brown Edward, owned a house and garden on Sea st. next south of Nicholas

Baxter.
Brown Wm., from Salem, bought Thomas Foster's house and lot on Essex st-
Broughton Thos., owned about three acres on Mill hill, near Charles river,

and he also owned a lot near the town dock.
Buckman John, lived northwest of Merry's point, near to John Hart.
Bulger Richard, took the t'reeman's oath 1631, member Boston church.
Bunistead or Bomstead, Thos., (Pewterer,) freeman, mem. Artill'y. Co. 1647,
had a son Gerard, born 1643, kept shop a little above the Old South, and
owned through to Treinont st., he died hi 1677.
Buuistead Edward, freeman, 1640, had a son Joseph, born 1653.
*Bull Henry, freeman, 1637, disarmed same year, removed to R.I., was Gov-
ernor 2 years, died 1693, aged 84 years.
•Burden George, (butcher) look the oath of a freeman 1637, disarmed 1637,
owned a house and slaughter house with Mr. Webb on one side, and Mr.
Hudson's brewhouse on the other side, near Essex st.
Burnell Win., kept in Ann St., next to Gov. Henry Vane, the dock being on

his south, had a son John, born 1644.
Burnliam Robert, had a son Robert, 1647.

Bntiall Leonard, (bricklaver) .sale made to Richard Staines (?ail maker) —
" House and Shopp— house parteth the land of Mr. Hutchinson on .south-
" west ende, and the southerly ende is bounded and adjoining the house of
"Capt Syrnkins, on the ground of Robt. Winsor on the north east: — said
'•shopp frontetli on Conduit st., -with 5 foote of land on the southwest side
'*of albresaid house, adjoining the land of Mr. Hutchinson, also, land on
" the southerly end of Capt. Symkins' house, and the wharf adjoining this
" said la.st mentioned land, and a fifteenth part of the water conduit, with all
" the priviledges :— with a proviso, that the .said Staines pay into the school
"al Boston, 6s. 3d. yearly, and Capt. Symkins to enjoy certain prir-
" Hedges." 165G. This conduit was a w«tor tank, built at th« expense of

46 B():?10iN NUllOiNS.

Capt. Keayne, wlio made provision by will tor llie buiKtiiig Uie toiuluil fur
water, lor use in case of fire.

Butall Thomas, [glover] member churcli, l()3i).

Buttolph Tliom., freeman 1G41, owned 5 acres on I5ultoli)li st., and a hniisa
and .ynrden, l)ctw"n Cornhill and Court st., and 1 1-2 acft-cs on Essex He Bed-
ford st.s. died j\ov. 30, Hiyo, bad sons, 'J'lics, born W.i~ and Joh)\ born IGliS).

*Button John, tVeeman lo'M, disarmed 1037, he was one of vhe Company fur
improvinu: the Mill pond in 1()43.

Cakehread J'hos., freeman, 1634, mem. arlill. cc, 1637, remoYed to Sudbury,
died Jan. 4, 1043.

Carnes Jf.hn, mem. artill. co. 1049, its Capt. same year.

Carter Thomas, freeman 1047.

•Carter Rieiiard, took the oath 1630, (in the town record spelt Carder.) dis-
armed 1037, formerly owned a house and 1 l--i acres of land froiuinsf the*
common, with Ralph Mason on his east and Capt. Leverell on his norlii.

Chadbourne VVm., 1044.

Ciiapman Jacob, townsman, 1642.

Chamberlain John, (currier) freeman, 1651, bought Wm. Courter's house.
\Vm Tyng on his south ; Robt. Porte, southeast ; Common st. north.

Chaffee Matthew, (ship carpenter,) took the oath 1637, (name spelt on town
record Chafe) mem. artill. cc, 1642, owned on Ann st., between Cross and
Richmond streets.

Checkley Anthony, Capt., mem. artill. co., 1062.

C heckle y John, freeman in 164S, son John born 1653.

Chelett Nicholas, freeman, 1645.

Cheeseborough Wm. (constable) took the oath 1631, he removed to Mt. Wol-
laston, atter he was burnt out April 17, 1031 ; there he lived many years
and liecame rich ; in 1049 he removed to Stonington, Coim.

Cheever Bartholomew, took the oalh 1047, lived east of John Lewis, with
Jas. Hudson on his M'est, near the watur mill, north end, died Dec. 18, 1693.

Chrickley Richard, [blacksmith] freeman 1042. sons Samuel born 1040, Jo» ,
1643 and John 1057.

•Clark John, (Dr.) took the oath 1632, disarmed 1637, owned a lot near lo
John Wakefield, on the high way to the new meeting liouse, driven to R.l.
before 1638, he was treasurer there, died April 20, 1076.

Clark Thomas, [blacksmith] a townsman 1039, mem. ch. 1640, freeman 1641,
had sons, Cornelius 1039, and Jacob 1042. owned on Ann s.t near N. sq.

Clark Capt. Thomas, took the oath 1638, owned a lot at the south end, mem.
artill. CO. 1051 ; maj. of the Suftblk Reg., rep. 18 years ; speaker of the
House 5 years, assistant 5 years, died March 13. 1083.

Clapp Roger, took the oath 1634, was commander of Castle Island.

Coddington Wm., freeman in the first government ; -was an assistant lor eight
yearo, and built the first house with brick ; he left the town April 20, 1038,
with the fruits of the Anlinomian controversy, removing to Aquiday Islaialy
R. I. He died at Newport, R.I.,Nov. Isl, 1678, aged 77 years.

Coddington John, died Aug. 18, 1655. had a son John born 1053.

Coggan John, (deputy and merchant.) took the oath 1033, opened the first shop
in^Boston at the corner of State st. and Washington st. : he lived at the
cor. of Beacon aud Treinont : died in 1658, possessing 500 acres of land in
Woburn which was valued at £10 total ; mem. artifl. co., 163to' : married
Martha, the widow of Gov. Winthrop.

Coggan John, jr., took the freeman's oath 1642.

*Coggeshall John, (Deputy) took the oath 1632, disarmed 1637, representative
m 1634 ; he was disfranchised and banished in March, 1638, for his heresies
in religious opinions ; retired lo R. I. in 1647, was president of that colony.

Cole Robert, was a freeman in 1030, often being found drunk was sentenced
to wear a red D about his neck for a year, Feb. 22, 1033.

♦Cole Samuel, (Deputy) freeman 1636. and mem. ch. disarmed 1637, he died
1666 : he opened the first public house in Boston, oh Mercliants' row, mid-
way between State st. and Fiuieuil Hall.

BOSTON MOTIONS. 47

Cole 'W'ni., 1-153, stipposeci to have witnessed a deed to Rev. J. "Wljecl-wrif ht
in lti:3b, and u> have died at Hampton, 1003.

Colburn or Culbron, Dea. Win. took the oath 1630, (snpposed to be deacon
Win. Colburn who lived on E.ssex st.,) his fiukl extended from the south
ot' Kneeland si to Castle st. and I'rom shore to shore east and west, and the
original highway turned at Kneeland st. to the east, bytlie sea shore, and
came out into the present \Vashiiigton st. near to Castle st. Washington
St. was laid out in 1G63 through that field : he was chosen representative to
the Gen. Court, in the place ofj^n. Coggeshall in 1G38, he died Aug. 1, KJfiS

CoUicott Richard, I'rorn Dorchester, freeman 1G33, mem. artill. co. 1637, rep.
same year; died 1636, had daughter Experience, born 1641, and son De-
pendence, born 1643.

Collins John, (shoemaker) mem. church and freeman 1646, mem. artill. co.
1644, owned half of a house uud garden, having John yanford north, and
Thomas I^eader, south , had son Thomas born 1645.

Colmaii Edward, 1651, son Joseph born 1656.

♦Compton John, took the oath 1634, was disarmed 1637 ; owned house £Uid
garden on Water street, near to Kilby st.

•Cook Lieut. Rich'd, [tailor] took the oath 1635, disarm'd 1637,mem. ch. 1634,
mem. artiU. co. 1643, and perhaps rep. from' Dover, 1670, unless he was
the R. C. who died at Maiden, Oct. 14, 165S ; lived on ^Vashington st.,
south of Win. Aspinwall.

Coimell Thomas, hihab"t 1633, lived in a house he bought of Wm. Balstone.

Copp Wm., (shoemaker) took the oath 1641, was owner of " Mill hill " alia*
" Snow hill " and at this time " Copp's hill," at the north end.

Copal John, (Deputy in 1634.) he with Wm. Brenton and Jn. Saraford, lotted
out Hog Island to the inhabitants and freemen for cutthig wood there, Nov.
10th — yet his name on the freeman's list cannot be found, or other notice
than this.

Cornish Richard, died Feb. 6, 1694.

Corwithen Dickory, [ship master] died Sept. 6, 1653.

Cotton John, Rev. took the freeman's oath 1634, lived on Tremont row ; h»
arrived in Boston, Sept. 4, 1633 ; he died Dec. 23, 1652. We preserve the
following epitaph by Mr. Woodbridge, to his memory and worth.
" A living breathing Bible, tables where
Both covenants at large, engraven were ;
Gospel and law in 's heart had each its column,
His head an index to the sacred volume ;
His very name a title page ; fuid next.
His life a commentary on the text :
O, w^hat a monument of glorious worth,
AVhen in a new edition lie comes forth !
Without errata may we think he'll be —
In leaves and covers of eternity."

Cotton Wm., freeman in 1646, mem. artill. co., 1650, had a son Wm. b. 1654.

Courser Wm., (victualler) took the oath 1636 ; (this name is sometimes spelt
Corser) owed a house having Robert Porte southeast ; "Wm. Tyug, south ;
Jame.s; Bill, north%vest ; and the Common st. northeast, \vhich he afterward*
sold to John Chamberlain ; had a son John, born 1642.

Cowell Ed., lived north of James Johnson, fronting the common.

Coy Matthew, (barber) appears to have owned a house on \Vater St., bought
of widow Ann Hibbins, and adjoining her residence.

CuUimore Isaac, (carpenter) freeman 1643, owned about 3-4 of an acre on
both sides of Ann st. near Richmond st, which street and also Fleet St. wa.s
laid out in 1636 ; he also owned a house and 1 1-4 acres of land on Fleet
street, and also a lot on Court st.

Crabb John, (joiner) freeman in lfi36, owned a house and land 't\^ ixt lands

4S BOSTON NOTlOiNS.

of Mark HaiuLs on the wcsi : Iruul nt" .Major Eihvd. Gibbens. norlli ; Kar-
tliolomew Barnard, east, and llie lUfcting liuusC, bouili.

Crabtree John, 1039, son John born iViiH).

Craniwell John, asked to be a freeman 1030, freeman 1634, probably d. 1G39.

Cranwell Thomas, admitted a resident ](J3s.

Crowkham Francis, 1649, lived on Hanover St., near Concert hall, on an
estate purchased of Wm. Philpot.

Davis W^m. took the oath 164.5. com. of Ancient and Hon. A-rtill. Com., from
1664 to 1672, owned a house and yard bounded by Wm. Biackleach, north.
John Everett, east, Water st. south, and Devonshire St., west.

Davis Wm., jr. lived next west of Wm. Pierce north side of ?>t;itc st.

Davis George, t'reeman, 1645, one of the founders of the Second Church.

Davis John, (joiner) took the oath 1635, owned a lot ; John Wilson on hi*
north and east; himself west ; in the vicinity of Wilson's lane.

Davis Samuel, freeman 1645, had son Samuel b. 1654.

Davis James, (mariner) mem. church, look the oath 1635, owned near >he
south marsh; Henry Webb being- on his north; had a ton Jacob 163!}.

Davenport Richard. Capt., took the oath 1634, mem. artill co., 1639, wr«
commander of Castle Island many years ; while there he was killed by
lig-htnino- July 15, 1665, and Roger Clapp succeeded to that office.

Dawes Wm., freeman, 1646, died March 2i, 1703, aged 86 years : had sons,
Ambrose 1642, Wm. 1655, and Robert 1656.

♦Davy John, freeman 16.36, disarmed 1637, a John Davie was a magistrate
in Boston in 16S0.

Dell Geo., (mariner) freeman 1651, had four sons : lived at the north part of
the town, near Mark Hands, Richard Staines and John Baker; he died in
16-55, he left property to the amount of £1506. i4s. 7d.

Denning Wm., an inhabitant, owned a lot on Boylsion st. near the old wind-
mill, on Fox hill, where the public garden now is, at the bottom of tlio
common, died Jan. 20, 1654.

Dennis Thomas, had a son Thomas, born 1630.

Dennis Edmund, 1640, an inhabitant.

Dibble Abraham, 1648, an inhabitant.

Dickerman or Deekman, Goodman, freeman 1638, lived next south of Wm.
Phillips, near the new meeting house.

Diuely Thomas, an inhabitant, died J&n. 15, 1655.

*Dinely Wm., freeman, 1637 and church member, disarmed, 1637.

Doubleday Roger, died Nov. 22. 1690.

Douglass AVm., an inhabitant 1640. freeman 1646, had a son Wm. born 1645.

Dowse Francis, took the oath 1641, owned a lot north of AVm. Courser, wilii
the land of Wm. Tyng on his west, near the sign of " the Castle."

Dowse Lawrence, (carpenter) member of the church, 1643.

Downs Thomas. 1652, perhaps of Dover, 1663.

Drury Hugh, mem. artill. co. 1659. son John born 1646.

Dudley Thomas, he was the first deputy Governor, was Governor in 1634,
1640, 1645 and 1650, but if not Gov. or Lieut. Gov he was an assistant.
Gov. Belcher wrote the following epitaph on thi* hard character in public
duties and rigid bigot in private life.

" Here lies Thomas Dudley that trusty old stud,
A bargain's a bargain, and must be made good."
He was indefatigable in tightening the reins of government and for exil-
ing all persons guilty of heresy, he died at Roxbury, July 27,1653, aged 76.

Duncan Nath'l, took the oath 1635, owned a lot in Wilson's lane, which h*
afterwards sold to Nathl Souther.

Dunster Henry, took the oath 1640, first president of Harvard University ; he
previously lived at the corner of Court and Washington st ; he died in
Scitnate, in 1659, at a good old age, and was buried in Cambridge ; he
came from England in 1640.

*Dyer Wm., (deputy) took the oath 1636, disarmed 1637. he and his wife Ma-
ry belonged to the Boetcn church, but she became an enthusiast of Mra.

BOSTON hOTlOltS. 49

Hutchinsoifs doctrines, and they both removed to Khoile Island, but on

visiting- Boston 21 years afterwards, she was condemned to death as a

Qaaker ; and for her second return June Jst, 1G60. she suffered that penalty.

Eaton Natii'l, freeman, 1638, he was the first head or principal of Harvard

I college until President Dunster took it 1G4(J. He. went lo Virginia and

finally lo England, where it is said he died in obscurity.

East Francis, (carpenter) mem. church 163(3, freeman 1637, had son« Samuel

born 1639, David b. 1646, Daniel 1652.
Edsall Thomas, mem. artill. co. 1652, had son Henry born 1654.
Edwards Nath'l (merchant) died Jan. 2, 1654.
E^Ungton Edward, died Nov. 17, 1096.
I *Eliol Jacob, Deacon, took the oath 1632, di»armed 1637 for her«sy, ownied
I five acres of land next to Roxbury gate: land in common westerly; Wash-
ington St. east; Eliot street was named for him.
*Elkins Henry, (tailor) freeman 1635, disarmed 1637, removed to Hampton
died 1669.
1 Ennnons Thomas, freeman 1052, died May 11, 1664.
Evans Henrv, I'reeman, 1645.
Evans David, died July 27, 1663.

Evan Thomas, (innholder) owned a house, land and garden, which he sold
I to James Bill; Wm. Tyng on his west, lying between the land of Wm.

Courser on his south, and Francis Dowse, north ; the street east.
I Evered John, 'Ensign, lived in tlie vicinity of Richard Cook and John Nor-
ton, south of Winter st.
Everill James, (cordwainer) took the oath 1634, a Selectman, owned a houso
on Conduit street, near Merchant's row in Ann st:, adjoining ensign
Scottow on the east ; he also owned shops and houses on a wharf next
adjoining Joshua Scottow on the northeast ; Angell Holland, southeast ;
the St. north and the cove southeast, he died 1682 or 16S3.
Ewer or Eyre, Simon, 1640, from Watertown 1652, died 1658, had sons Simon
and John, born in Boston.
[ Faber George, 1639.

Fairfield Dan., 1640, removed to various places, perhaps died in Boston 16fll.
, *Fairbanks Richard, took the oath 1634, disarmed 1637, for heresj- ; owned
i a house and garden between Mr. Hutchinson and Thomas Clark ; and also
j a house and garden between the land of Robert Keayne and Peter Oliver.
Farnham John, owned a lot on Ann st. near North square.
Favour Barnabas, 1647, had dwelling house and garden on the north sido
' of Ann St. opposite James Mattocks.
j Fayerwealher Thomas, treeman, 1634.
j Fenn Robert, had a son Robert born 1044.

I Field Robert, (tailor) took the oath 1644, owned a lot north of the new
j meeting house, in the neighborhood of Edw. Allen ; had sons, Robert,
I Thomas and John.

I Firniin Giles, Deacon, (apothecary) Selectman, took the oath 1634, died 1634.
; Fitch Jeremiah, 1652, died May 3, 1692.
Fitch .Tames, member of the church 1634.

Flacke Cotton, took the oath 1640, lived near Hollis St., on AVashington st,
Fletcher Ed, (cutler) freeman 1640 ; mem. church, mem. artill. co. same yr.
Flint Thomas, lived on Washington st. ; Robert Walker on his north ; and

Ralph Mason on his south : Henry Webb and Geo. Burden, opposite.
Flood Richard, 1042.
Foster Thomas, mem. church 1640; freeman 1642 ; owned on Essex st. next

to J. Negoose : sold to Wm. Brown, then late of Salem, 1647.
Foote Joshua, (ironmonger) had a warehouse on the south side of the dock,

next north of James Oliver.
Fowle Thomas, (merchant) mem artill. co. 1639, lived near Bedford St. o«
j Washington St., he removed to Braintree 1643. had two children,
r Foxcroft George, o\^'ned a house lot next u'cst of Edwurd Bendall, aoMlk
* tid« of Dock i^iuare.

50 BOSTON MOTIONS.

Franklin ■\V'm., (blncksmilli) I'reenmn, l(i38, owned una quailcr part ofi?«ii-

dall's dock; he died 1(344.
Franklin Wm., (blacksniilh) son of Wm., admitted a townsnmn 1642, sold

one half of the family lando on Bendall's cove to Joseph Scottow in lt;53.
FrankUn John, owned a lot next to Joshua iScottow, on the west ; the land of

Phippeninne, ea^t ; the town".? high way north. (Ann st.)
*Freeborne Wm., freeman, 1(334, disarmed 1637, removed to R.I.
Friend Jo-hn (carpenter) eleven in family, at Salem, 1(337, was admitted a

townsmen 1640, and mem. artill. co. same year, died 1655 or 6.
Fuller Edward 1(53U, came to Boston when " only 7 huts were erected."
Furnell Strong, (soap boiler) took the oath 1643, his name is recorded by
Whitman and spelt Strange: owned two houses on Bendall st., one of them
he bought of Valentine Kill ; the other he built ; mem. artill. co. 1G51 ; had
sons. John and Wm.
Ga?er'Wm. (Dr.) assistant in 1630, he was called "a right godly man, a.

skilful chirurgeon," he died Sept. 20, 1(330.
Gallop .fohn, (fish'n and pilot) freeman 1634, one of onr Islands now bears his
nauie : "in 1636 the Gen. Court granted to him 1'2 acres of land on Nix's mate
Island, if there was so much land there, to enjoy to him and his heirs forev-
er." He could not write his name ; died in 1649 : had been a useful and
active man. lived on Ann st. the Godfrey estate, now owned by R.G.Shaw,
Gardner Thomas, took the freeman's oath, 1646.
Garrett Richard, (shoemaker) died Dec. 30, 1630.

Gibbens, Major Gen. Edw., freeman in 1(331, mem. artill. co. 1637, its Capt.

3 years ; had a warehouse on the north of the cove, fronting on Aim st.

and a house west of the cove, about where the peak is, between Brattle st.

and Washington St., he was deputy many years and rose to be an assistant,

had sons, Jotham born, 1633, and John, b. 1644 ; he died Dec. 9, 1654.

Gibson Christopher, (soap boiler) made freeman in 1630, owned a lot having

Jn. Lewies, lot on his south; with warehouse of Ed. Tyng, east, on Dock sq.

Gill Arthur, treeman in 1631; had sons John born 1639, and Thomas b. 1644.

Gile or (tIIcs, Anthony (ship carpenter) member of the church 164*2.

Gillam Benja., [ship carpenter] freeman and church member 1635, had sons,

Zachary b. 1636 and Jos. b. 1644, and probably others.
Glover John, (probably a physician) 1650, owned house and lot next to Hud-
son's brewhouse.
Glover Jesse, lived next to Thomas Hawkins on Sudbury st.
Glover Habbacuck, freeman 1650, son of John Glover.
Goodwin Edw. 1642, owned in the new st. (Exchange st.)
Gookin Daniel, Virginia 1621, came here 1644 ; mem. church and freeman
1644; member artill. co. 1645, removed to Cambridge 1648, rep. 3 years ;
speaker of tiie house 1651 ; assist. 35 years; maj. gen. 1681; died March
9, 16S7, leaving three sons and a daughter.
Gould Thomas, perhaps a freeman in 1641, died Oct, 26, 1662.
Green Ralph, 1641, had a son John born 1642.

Greenleaf Edmu., Newbury, 1638, freeman, removed to Boston and here died.
Greenough Wm., 1656, (a captain) died Aug. 6, 1693.

Greensmith Stephen, mem. of the artill. co. 163S, lived in the neighborhood

of Wm. Willis, Isaac Collymore and Henry Lynn; he was fined J£40 for

saying that some of the mhiisters taught a covenant of works.

*Gridley Richard, Capt. took the oath 1634, disarmed 1637 for heresy : mem.

artill. CO. 1658: his estate extended from Liverpool wharf to Summer st. on

both sides of Purchase st. he lived near Fort hill and a " Gridley lane,*'

is still there in remembrance of him : had sons, Jas., Believe and Tremble,

Griggs Geo., 1636, owned a housa and ground on the south side of the Church

green in Summer st. formerly belonging to Tho. Pettitts, died June 23, 16C0.

Grime.'' Samutl, frc-Mnan, 1642.

Gro.ssft F:dinuud, owned n lot near Union St., died May 1, 1654.
*nro«.6c Isaac, mem. of ch. 1635, disarmed 1637, lived next to Alex. Adams,
worth east of Walter Meiry. niar the north battery: removed Ua Exeter.

EosTOh ^oTlo^s. 51

Gruhb Thomas, [deputy] took the freernan'a oath J 034, kept shop on Wash-
iiigtoa St., between School and Winter st.; had sons, Sum. born 1641, John
1()44. and Herman 1U45 ; probably died July 15, 1692.

Guile John, look the oath 1643. [this name is sometimes spelt Gile ]

*Gu))nisou Hnjjh, [vantuer] mem. of church 1634. took the oath of frerman
1636, disarmed 1637 : mem. artill. co. 1646 : sold his estate next to Mr. Webb
in 1650, and removed from Boston ; he kept an inn with the »ign of th«
" Kiiigfs arms :" had sons, Joseph, 1640 and Elihu born 1649.

Guiteridge John, [tailor] mem. of artill. co., 1640, and of the church 1642.

Hackburne Abraham, 1639, freeman 1045, had two sons, Isaac and Joseph.

Hall Robert, [blacksmith] mem. of church 1634.

Hamlet Jolm, member of church 1634.

Haunnond Wm., freeman 1630, died Oct. 8, 1062, aged 94.

Hands Mark, owned a lot at the north end on Ann st., between land of Win.
Burnell, nortli west, and Henry Paine, north east, to the dock south.

Hanniford Jolm, 1645, had sons. Samuel born 1645 and John born 1652.

Ilarker Anthony, took the oath 1636, [the name sometimes spelt Hurker.]

Harri.son Edw., mem. of artill. co, 1638.

Harrison John, freeman 1641, had son John b. 1C52 : owned on Purchase st.

*Harding Robert, [Deputy] look the oath in 1631. mem. artill. co. 1C37, he wa«
disarmed in 1637, and v/as an assistant in R. I. afterwards.

Hart John, owned a lot at Merry's Point, next to R. Bellingham, on Ann at.

Harvey Wixi., treeman, 1647, died Aug. 15, 1659, he had four son.s.

Harwood George, had a son John.

Harwood Jolm, freeman 1649.

Harwood Henry, freeman 1633, " a godly man."

Hassard Thomas, [ship carpenter] member of church and freeman 1636, iha
name now spelt Hazzarct.

Hatsall George, [blacksmith] 1645, owned a house, shop and wharf on Ann st.
near the North square : the land of Thomas Clark west and north west.

Hawkins John, Capt. [baker] owned a pretty extensive lot of land near Sud-
bury St., and for him a st. is now known by his name.

Hawkins Thomas, [Capt.] Dorchester and Bo.ston. freeman 1639, mem. artill.
CO., 1638, died abroad 1654, he was a representative in 1639 and 1644.

Hawkins James, 164S, had a number of sojis.

Hawkins Job, owned a lot next to Geo. Orris, "on the high way that goeth
from the common to Master Rucks."

Hawkins Richard, his wife was banished April 2, 1638, under llie suspicion
of being a witch, and of imbibing the Hutchinson heresies.

llaynes John, freeman 1634; assistant 1634 and 6; Gov. in 16.35 ; removed to
Conn. 1636, and was the first Gov. of that colonj^ in 1639 ; he had 8 children.

Heaton Jabez, owned 1 1-2 acres in Sentinel field, 'twixt the lands of Robert
Turner on the east and south : land of Thomas Miller, south ; land of Edw.
Hutchinson, sen. south west: lands of Joshua Scottow and Jeremy Hutches,
iiortli ; which he afterwards sold to Robert Turner, innholder.

Ilewes Joshua, [merchant] took the oath 1634 : owned on the south of the
town dock, between James Oliver and Valentine Hill.
\ Henrickson Peter, had a son born in 1642, named John.
\ Hewett Nicholas, had a son Zebadiah born in 1644.

Hibbin.s Wm. took the oath 1640, lived on Water st., and sold part of his es-
tate there to Matthew Coy, he was deputy from Boston and an assistant ;
he died July 23, 1654, his widow was hanged June 1656, tor a witch.

Hicks Richard, took the oath 1649, had sons Timothy and Richard.

Hill John Capt., [merchant] mem. of church. 1645, freeman 1646. mem. artill.

CO., Iti47. owned on Ann st. next north of Cross st.
Hill Valentine took the oath 1640, mem. artill, co. 1638, owned a house and

1 garden at the south corner of Cornhill square, with the ordinary of James

I Penu on his south; Pri»on Garden, west; PbikiBon renyerl mad the

62 BOSTO.N NOTIO.NS.

moeuiif house, iioitli, on AVashiiigton 8i. : — fio also owned a licnise on
State St. next west of Win. Davis, jr. died 16G2.
Hill John, (blacksmith) mem. oh. 1010. one of the mill pond contractors in l(ilL!
Hiiisoii Ralph, [woolen draper] member of church 1C31.
Hitchhoni Duvid, took the oath ]()54.

Ilou'g Richard, [tailor] freeman 1640, had soils Joseph and John.
Ilohon Robert, [slater] member of church and t>eeman 1634.
Holland An<j:el, [shoemaker] took the oath 1036, had a son Thomas, b. 1644.
owned a house adjoining Jos. Phippennies, on the mill stream : tlie sea east.
Holland Christopher, took the oath 1677, died March 4, 1704, aged 1)1.
Hollidge Richard, took the oath 1639, [spelt Ilollige in the town record] mem.

church 1639, lived next to Job .Fudkins on Washington .st.
Holyoke Edw., [miller] took the oath 163.S, [Holiack in ihe mwn record]
owned a windmill near to Richard (iridloy, which he afterwards sold to
Rich. Woodward.
Hopkiiison Michael, ch. member and freeman 1640, removed to Rowley and

died 16.57.

Hough Atherton, freeman 16-34, assistant 1635, r<^p. 1637, owned on the south

corner of Beacon and Tremont sts., and also land next to dea. Jas. Penn

and Alex. Beck, near the Charlestown ferryway, lie died Sept. 11, 1650.

Houchin or Hutchins, Jeremy, [tanner] took the oath 1640. [spelt Ilowchenes

on the town record,] mem. artill. co. 1641, owned at the corner of Court

and Hanover st,, where Concert hall now stands,

Howard John, took the oath in 1034, lived on the western part of Dock sq., on

or near to Washington st.
Hubbard Robert, 1652, had sons Daniel and John.
Hudson Jas. took the oath 1642, had sons, James born 1640 and John b. 1654,

owned a lot west of John Lewis, near the water mill on mill pond.
Hudson Wm., [innholder] took tha oath 1631, owned a warehouse which
was built by Neheraiah Bourne : he also owned a brewhouse on Kilby st.
Hudson Ralph, took the oath 1630.
Hudson Prancis, 1040, had a son Samuel, born 1650.
Hull John, freeman 1032, mem. artill. co. 103°, its commander 1671.
*Hull Rob. [blacksmith] freeman 1637, dis. 1637, died July 2>^, 1603. aged 73.
Hull Robert, grandson of Robert, freeman, probably in 1649. mem. of artill.

CO. 1060, commander in 167S, died Sept. 29, 10t53.
Humi George, [tanner] freeman 1037, died June, 1040.
Huntley John, 1652, had sons, Moses and Aaron.
Hurd John, [tailor] freeman and mem. artill. co. 1040. had son.s, Benj. and

Samuel, died Sept. 23, 1090.
♦Hutchinson Richard, [hardware dealer] took the oath 1035, disarmed in 1637
for heresy, kept near Edw. Tyngs' wharf; his residence was on School st.
Thomas Scottow and himself owning the wiiole north side of that street.
*Hutchinson Edw., Sen., took the oath 1034, disarmed 1037, had a lot near

Central field ; lands of Joshua Scottow and Jeremy Hutches on his north.
Hutchinson Edw., son of Richard, took the oath March 4. 1634.
*nutchinson Wm., took the oath J635, disarmed 1037, rep. 1035. died 1042 :
husband of the celebrated Mrs. Hutchinson, who was banished to R. I, for
heresy ; she removed to the Dutch settlements near Connecticut, where in
1043, slie with all her family of sixteen persons ^vfcre killed by the Inditms,
exccjHing one daugliter, whom they carried into captivity.
Hutchinson Edw., .son of Wm. and Mrs. Ann H., took the oath .?ept. 3, 1634,

mem. artill. co. 163S, capt. 1657, died Aug. 19, 1675, aged 67 years.
Hutchinson Thomas, 1032.

Howen Robert, freeman 1042, had a son Israel, born 1042.
Hyde George, 1642, had a son Timothy, born 1044.

Ingoldsby, Jolm, [sawyer] took the oath 1642, owned a hou.se, yard and irar-
den; Thos. Leader on his east and south ; the street w©«t i John Sail ford,
norlii ; Ue had sona Joliu and Lbejieztir.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 53

Ing-li«h William. Ifi.'?.

liigriiham Win., ]()o3, had sons Wm. and EdwRrd.

*Iiies or lyaus ATatthias or Maxhewe, freeman in 1G06, disnrmed in lf!37.
Ives Michael, J 051.

Jackson John, [carpenter] freeman 1G43, died 1073, had a son Jolni, 1()43.
Jackson Edtinmd, took the oath 3030, [in the to%\'n record spell Edmond] mem.
artill. CO., .shoemaker and constable : died lGb3, owned on Conduit st., near
the corner of Ann St., and also a lot near State St., bought of John Davis : he
had six son.s, John, Thos., Sam'l, Jeremiah, Isaac and Edmund.
Jackling- Edm. [glazier] mem. ch. and freeman 1035, had a son Sam. b. 1640.
Jarvis John, [merchant.]
Jempson James, had a son James, born IG51.
Jepson John, freeman, 1047, had a son John, born 16.57.

Johnson I.saac, [Dep. Gov.] owned the whole sq. between Court and School
st.s., and between Washington and Tremont sts., his house was near the
City hall spot: he was buried at his own request on the southwest corner
of his lot : he may be said to have been the idol of the people, and they re-
quested as they died, to be buried near to him ; and this was the occasion
for appropriating- that spot for the burial of the dead, which is now called
the " Kings Chapel burial ground : " he died Sept. 30, 1030.
*Johnson James, [glover] took the oath 1030, disarmed 1037, mem, artill. co.
and its lieut. 1058; owned one and a half acres of land, with a house front-
ing the common ; Jacob Legar on his south, and Edw. Cowell on his north.
Johnson Samuel, [mariner] owned a house and orchard at the upper end of
the .south marsh ; landofThs. Webber west ; lands of Henry Webb, north.
Jones Matthias, had sons, John and Thomas.

Joy Thomas. J03'-', mem. artill. co. lG58, freeman 1065, removed to Hingham ;
died 1077 or S : he had four sons ; owned a new house at Bendall's cove,
which lie sold in 1G4S. also owned a house near Constitution wharf.
Judkhis Job, 103S, had sons, Samuel and Joel, 103S and 104'3.
I Jyous Matthew, owned an estate on South st., next south of Nicholas Baxter,
extending to the water.
Kcayne Robert Capt., look the oath 1636, mem. artill. co 1038, [the name
spelt Keane in the town record] lived on the M'est corner of Wilson's lane
and Stale si , and there kept a variety store ; he was often a deputy, and
I quite an active, influential citizen : he was the first commander of the An-
^ eient and Honorable Artillery Company; he died March 23, 1050 ; his will
comprised 158 folio pages, in which he gave £500 towards building a town
house, and a sum for forming a water conduit or lank, for a .similar purpose
as our City reservoirs ; this was in or near Ann st.; at the alley irom Hat-
ter's square and that part of Ann st. may have been called Conduit st. on
that account ; the name given to that street, was about the first given to
any street in Boston; Washington street was called "the High st. leading
to Roxbury; " a)id all other streets and lanes, were designated by lh»
names of the persons who lived in iliem, or by " going from " such a house,
dock or pasture, to so and so.
Keavne Beiij. Major [merchant] only son of Capt. Robert Keayne, freeman
163!), died probably in 1603, married a daughter of Thos. Dudley, whom
he repudiated. '

Kent Wm., mem. artill. co., died June 9, 1691.

Kelly David, mein. artill. co. 1041 ; had two sons, David b. 1647 and Pamuel
born 16-53, owned a lot and house at the north end, bounded by lands of
Mark Hands, Geo. Dell and John Baker; the sea east.
II Kenrick John, mem. ch. and took the oath 1640, [in the town record Kendrick]
owned a house on (hiion st., near Mr. Tyng's wharf; the highway east ;
James Oliver, weat ; Mr. Hutchinson, Mr. Webb and Mr. Venncr north,
and E Uvard Tynj, .'jouth ; removed to Muddy river, now Brootline.

54 B03T0N NOTIONS, f1

Kihbie EiUvanl [sawyer] owned lialf n hoti>e with John Collins, shortnuker.

Kind Arthur. lf)4(), had a son Jann-s. born ](>.j5.

Kirby Wm., 1640, took the oath 1647. owned a lot north of Franklin's whart',

near to Thomas Marshall.
Kiusfht Robert, 1G4'2, had sons Samuel and .Tames : died June 27, lC5o.
Knower Thomas. 1(331. he was set in the bilboes for threatening: the court,
that if he should be punished he would have a trial in Eugland, if lawluUy
done.
I^ake John, [tailor] freeman 1644, mem. church, had a son Caleb, born 165;).
Lake Thomas, member churcli and freeman 1641 ; killed by Indians Aug-. 14,

1675 : had sons Stephen and Thomas.
Lambert Rob., one of the founders of the first Baptist church in Boston, 166.5.
Lamprey Henry. 1653, owned house and land on Ahii St., bought of Mark
Hands : Wm. Burrell on his north-west and Henry Vane on the north-east.
I^ane Wm., 1651, freeman 1657. had sons, Samuel and John.
Lawson Christopher, [cooper] 1643. had a son Thomas, born 1643. owned five
acres of land, bounded by Thomas Lovett on his north ; Goodman Merriam,
south : the common, west : aiterwards sold to Thomas Sleeper of Hampton;
C. L. also owned about half an acre of land near Charlestown ferry, bought
of Sampson Shore.
I^eads Richard, look the oath 1645.
Leader John. 165-2. had a son Thomas, born 1654.

Leader Thomas. 1647 : died Oct. 2«, 1663 ; lived next but one to Jn. Sanford.
Leaser Jacob, took tlie oath 1641, lived south of James Johnson, in the neigh-
borhood of Ralph Mason, near the common, died Feb. 24, 1664.
Lechford Thomas, [attorney] 1638. mem. artill. co. 1640, author.
Leverett Thomas, Deacon, '[deputy] church mem. 1633, took the oath 1634, a |
ruliiio: elder for many years : owned on the north of Congress st., which I
St. was known as Leve'rell's lane for many years. I

Levereit John [Gov.] freeman 1640, mem. artill. co. 1639. its commander 1654, f
and rose from every gradation to Gov. and to Knighthood in 1676 ; died •
March 16, 1679 ; his residence was on the south corner of Court and Wash- *
inifton St., [the name is spelt Levett in the town records.]
Leverett Hudson, (son of Gov. John L.) mem. artill. co. 1656.
Lewis or Lewes, John, took the oath 1646. had three children, John. Sam'I,
and Elizabeth ; owned a house near the water mill, between the land of
Bartholomew Cheever. east and Jas. Hudson, west ; facing the street south.
Lincoln Robert, died May 6, 1663.
Lippincot Richard, freeman 1640, had a son John, born 1644 and dang-hter

Remembrance.
Lloyd Jatnes, died July, 1693.

Long Phillip, owned a house and land, the street west ; -'and in length run- }
ning towards Franklin's wharf towards the east ; the other side lying next
tlieland of Wm. Kirby toward the north; the other Side next the land of
Thos. Marshall, all towards the south."'
Lord Robert, 1651, probably died in Charlestown, July 13. 1678.
Low John, 1637, [wheelwright] owned north of the cove : '' Edward Bendall
'• east and west; the highway north : with six fool next the A\-ater side to
" pass and land goods ; the said Bendall to have wharfage on all goods not
" Low's, and the goods not to remain over forty eight hours on said path or
"landing."
Lowle or Lowell, John, [cooper] 1655. probably died June 7, 1694, had a son
John 1655 ; owned house and land bounded by Edward Tyng on the west,
and by Christopher Gibson on the east.
Love John, died Dec. 1, 16.53.
Lovett Thomas, owned a lot south of Christopher Lawson on Tremont sL

l"ronting the common.
Ludlow Roger, [deputy Gov.] took the freeman's oath in 16.3S, and overseer
of the fortifications at Castle Island in 16.34 ; he was one of the pioufers in
the settlement of Dorche.ster : in 1654 he removed to Virg-ini*.
Luiu lienry. 1636, liad a »oa P'phraim, born 1690.

I
I

m!'

J) .-^mbe-riy. So.

JOHN LEVEKETT,

Gov'^of Mass fi:oia3_1673 -tol67S.

i

BOSTON NOTIONS. 66

Lyall or Lisle Francis, (barber) 1638, mem. artill. co. 1640, his son Jos. was
born 1G42, and was a mem. of cliurch 1668 ; owned a liouse, .sliop and
2 1-2 acres in Gentry field, on Washijigton st. to Tremont, near Bromfleld
St., he went to England.

Lynde Simon, [merchant.]

Lynne or Lynn Henry, in 16.31, Sept. 6, he "was whipped and banished for
writing letters to England, full of slander against our government and or-
ders of our churches." He continued here, according to the records,
although there is not any record made of remitting the sentence against him.

*Lytherland Wm., disarmed 1637. lived on Wind-mill Point at the corner of
Sea and East sts. ; was living in 1684, aged 74 years.

Makepiece Thom., mem. artill."co., 1638, lived on Hanover st., near to Court.

Manning John, mem. artill. co. 1640, ensign 164S ; had sons, Jn. & Ephraim.

Mattocks James, 1647, owned on Ann st. south side, next to David Phippeni.

Mattocks or Maddox, Edmund, occupied a house of Edw. Tyng, Richard
Bellingham on the north ; Thos. Buttall, south ; the st. east.

Marble .John, 1646,

^Marshall Thomas, [ferryman 1635 and shoemaker] freeman 1635, had a son
Eliakim born 1637 ; disarmed 1637 ; had an estate between Union st. and
Marshall's lane, about 1-2 an acre : which he sold to Phillip Ijong.

Marshall John, had son John born 1645, and son Thomas, born 1056, formerly
owned a house and lot between the estates of Thos. Wyborne, [saddler]
and (loodman Woodward.

Marshall Thomas (tailor) mem. of the church 1643, and perhaps freeman
1644, probably died at Andover, in Jan. 1708, aged nearly 100.

Mariam Jolm, look the oath 1647, owned on Tremont St., south of Christopher
Lawson-s lot.

Martin Thomas, took the oath 1639, his lane was on the north side of Susan-
nah Phillips' house, with sister Thurston's land on the south.

Mason Arthur, came to N.E. about 1639, in Boston 1656 and was a constable.

Mason Ralph, 1637, had three sons, Zurich John and Jacob ; owned on Wasli-
ington St., near to Boylston St.. near to Thomas FUnt, Henry Webb and
Geo. Burden.

Matson John, freeman 1633.

*Matson Thomas, freeman, 1C34, disarmed 1637, had a son Joshua : removed
to Braintree.

Maude or Maud, Daniel, took the oath 1636, one ©f the first teachers of youth,
lived next south of Rev. John Cotton, on the Tremont row lot ; he left
Boston in 1642, and was the first settled minister at Dover : he died in 1655.

Maverick Samuel, commenced a settlement at Noddle or Nottle's Island,
about 1623 or 9 ; took the oath 1632 ; died March 10, 1G64.

Maynrird John or Minard, (carpenter,) owned a lot between two lots, belong-
ing to Richard Strainer, (brewer) on the High st. (Washington) st.

May George, mem. artill co. 166J, freeman 1665.

Mears Robert, 1638.

Mears John, died Nov. 12, 1663.

Mellows Thomas, owned a lot on Washington St., Nath. Oliver on his north,
and Thomas Bumstead (pewterer) on his west.

♦Mellows Oliver, freeman 1634, disarmed 1637 for heresy.

Merry Walter, took the oath 1634, owned Merry's Point, at the north end,
with some houses, a warehouse, AA^harf, orchard and garden ; John Harts-
horn's land south; John Buckman, north-west and Thomas Williams,
west ; the sea, east.

Messinger Henry, freeinan 1665, had son John born 1641.

Miller Thomas, owned a lot south of Robert Turner, and adjoining land of
Edwd. Hutchinson, sen., and land of Joshua Scottow, near Central field.

Millet Ricliard. freeman 16.33, he requested it in 1630.

Miles Samuel, ireeman 1645; perhaps liad a son Samuel, born 1662.

Minard Thomas, died Oct. 4. 1658.

5f) BOSTOK KOnOKH.

Witchell Geo., fcarpenter) ovriied a house and garden with Murk Ilauda on

liis west.; (ieo. DcU, north ; the sea, east; anil John Bakur. south.
Moone Robert, (tailor.) owned a liouse and garden on Washington St., next

to Ricliard Holiidge and .lob Judkins.
Monlaffue Richard, 1646, perliaps freeman 16S0.
Moss John, freemen 163C!, died May 26. 1657.
Munjoy George, freeman 1G47, had sons, John and George : he removed to

Ca SCO before 1665.
Munts Thos.. mason, owned on Essex st. next to AVm. Tefis.
M iittock or Mattocks James, (cooper) took the oath 1038, owned for a lime on

Wilson's lane or Exchange st., between Anthony Stoddard on liis south ;

Rev. John Wilson, west T and ^Vra. Franklin, north, which estate was

at'terwards sold to John Synderland.
Myhim John, mem. chui'di 1635, took the oath 1636, (spelt Mylam in the town

record) mem. artill. co. 1641; had six sons; owned on liie south side of

Cross St. which street was laid out through his land in 1G36.
Nash Robert, 1G43, owned a house next but one west of Ed. Bendall.
Negus Benj., mem. church 164'2, freeman 1648, had sons Benj. and Samuel.
Negus Jonathan of Lynn and Boston, freeman 1634, (the name sometimes

spelt Negoose,) owned on Essex street.
Newgate John, took the oath 1635, constable in 1636, rep. 1638, died 1665,

leaving several children ; kept shop on Washington St., next to Capt. Th.

Savage ; 36 feet in front of Mr. AVilson's house.
Newgate Nath'l, son of John, luem. artill. co. 1646, had a son Natlfl. some of

his d'3sc-endants have written the name Ncwdigate.
Nichols David, died March 13, 16.53.
Nichols Mordeca, lived next to John Wakefield, in the neighborhood of Jas.

Balson and John Clark, either on or near to Union st.
Noddle Wm., freeman 1631, for whom Noddle's Is. now E. Bo.ston v/as named.
Norris Edward. (Rev.) mem. church 1039, went to Salem the same year, and

was ordained there March 18, 1640, freeman same year, died April 10, 1659,

aged about 70.
Norton John (Rev.) took the oath 1037; in.sialled 1656 at the Old South ch.;

lived in the vicinity of Richard Cook and Edw. Rawson ; removed to Bo.s-
ton in 1653, from Ipswich, where he had been settled 17 years ; died April

5, 1663, aged 57, leaving a widow but no children.
Norton Ricliard, 1645, had a son Richard b. 1649, owned a lot and wharf on

the west of Wm. Franklin and Joslina Scottow on Ann .st.
Nowell Increase, Deacon, died at Cli'trlestown, Nov. 1, 1655.
*Odlin John, freeman 1C34, disarmed 1037, mem. artill. co. 1C3S, (spelt Audlin

sometimes) died Dec. IS 1685, aged 83, leaving son.? Elisha, John and Peter.
Oriley David, had a house and garden on Essex St., next to Edw. Ramsford,

now Harrison Avenue.
♦Oliver Thomas, Deacon, (deputy) freeman 1632, disarmed 1637, died 1657,

leaving two sons; ownf^(^. a house and garden with Rich. Carter on his

south ; the contmon west ; Winter st. norih, and Washington st. cast.
Oliver Peter, son of Deacon Thos., (merchant) took the oath J640, mem. ariill.

CO. 1643, its Capt. 1669, died 1670, leaving three sons ; lived next souih of

Robert Turner, with Robert Keayne on his north and east.
Oliver James, Capt. (merchant) mem. ariill. co 1037. took the oath 1640; Capt.

of the artill. CO., from 16-56 to 1660.: in a deed is described as being on

State St. where A. J. Allen's lot now is.
Oliver Nathaniel, (tailor) 1654, owned a dwelling house and shop on the west

side of Washington st. Thomas Robinson, south: Pcier Oliver, north.
Oliver John, (brother of James) took the oath 1640, graduate of II. C. 16i5,

died April 12, lOlG : eminent for characl'T.
♦Oliver John, (brother of dea. Thos.) freeman 1634, di.<!arined 1037 for heresy;

member artill. co. 1637; r'^p. in 163S, in the place of Wm. AspinwalJ; ban-

i«l»«d for h-rssv : removed to N«wbury and diod 10-W.

Oliver Samnel, m?mber of church 1642 ; mem. artill. co. 1648 ; was dro'wiiied
March L'7. Kio'i.

Orris or Orrice, George, had sons John and Jonathan; owned n lot next to
Job Hawkins and Wm. Beartisly.

Paddv Win., deacon, removed to Boston from Plymouth 1651, d. Aug. 24, 1658.

Paddy John, died Jan. 8, 1663.

Paddy Win., mem. artili. co.. 16.52: died Nov, 11, 16.53.

Paine Arthur, (tailor) mem. otchurcli 1039; (llie name is oAen speU Payne.)

Paine AVm., look the oath J 6-10 : died Oct. 10, 1660,

Palmer John, (carpenter) took the freeman's oath in 1638.

Palmer Geo., (wine cooper) mem. ariill. co. I(j41. had a house, shop ai d g-arden
at Merry's point, near Chelsea ferryv/ay: next north of the Battery.

♦Parker John. 1635, (carpenter) disariried 1637 : had sons Thomas and Noah ;
owned on Exchange St.: A. Stoddard on his south ; Edwin Goodwin, north;
John Wilson's yard, west; bought of John Synderland.

Parker Nicholas, freeman 16:34; had three sons, Jonathan, Abiel and Joseph.

Parker Richard, (merchant) freeman 1641; mem. artili. co. 163fc'.

Parker Matthew, died Sept. ly. 1652.

ParKer Robert, (butcher) member eh. 1634 ; freeman 1635 : removed to Cam-
bridge ; he had four sons: Benj., Jolm, Richard and Naihaniel.

Parkman Elias, look the oath 16:J5 ; had a son Elias b. 1651 ; OM'iied a house
and iiouse lot of one acre ; Rlr. Rainsford on his west ; the marsh and sea
south; and Mrs. Dingham's land east, in Essex st.

Parsons AV'm., (carpenler) mem. ch. 1643; took the oath 1645; mem artili. co.
]646; died Jan. 29, 1702, aged 87 : owned a lot on the south side State St.,
71 feel by 24, Mdiich he at\erwards sold to Thos. Webber. He also owned
land near the south marsh.

Partridge Nathaniel, (tailor) mem. ch. and freeman 1644.

Pasmer Bartholomew, 1641, lived on Ann st. south of Richmond st.

Pateshall Richard, (merchant) 1665, owned a warehouse in Dock sq.; land of
Sampson Shore on the east ; near Conduit st., (Ann st.)

Paidinge Richard, 1638, (plasterer,) bought a house of Peter Johnson, "the
Dutchman."

Paynter or Painter, Thomas, (carpenter) 1630 ; took the freeman's oath and
mem. church in 1640.

Payton Bezaleel, (mariner) died 1651, had daughters, Mary and Sarah.

Peck Thomas, 1652, had a son Josepli.

*Pell Wm., (chandler) freeman 1635, disarmed 1637 ; sold to Robert Turner,
(innholder) 1 1-2 acres "in Central field, 'twixt the lands of Robert Turner
and Thomas Miiler, south ; lands of Jabez Heaton, west.

Pelton John, owned a house and lot on Es.-;ex st., next to Owen Roe.

Pemberton John, member of the church and took the oath 1634 ; removed to
Newbury, 1640 ; lived on the rising ground opposite the west end of Brattle
St., and that hill has borne his name to this date. In 1636, '• AVm. AVillis,
Isaac Cullymore, Henry Lynn and I\Ir. Greensmyth," were ordered to
"raynge their payles straight, so to go all along unto John Pemberton's
house in the same raynge."

Pemberton James, Newbury and Boston ; freeman 1648 ; had son John born
at Newbury and Thomas and Joseph born in Boston ; he died probably Oct.
II, 1696.

Penn James, Deacon, (deputy) freeman in 1630; rep. and marshall of the col-
ony ; died Sept. 30, 1671 ; lived on the corner of Cornhill sq., where Valen-
tine Hill afterwards resided ; the spot now occupied as a jewelry store ; ha
also had a lot near Hough's point, and the centry held ; Alex. Beck, north.

*Penniman James, freeman 16:32; disarmed 1637 Brahnree 1639; died Dec.
26, 1664 ; had sons James, Samuel, John, and perhaps others.

Penvert Philemon, lived next to deacon Pierce's.

Perry Arthur, (town drummer at £5 per year) lived on School st., took the oath
16-iO : iivim. artiil, co. 163d : died Oct. 9, 1652; hud two soujs, Seth and JoLu.

58 BOSTON NOTIONS.

Pettclls Tlioma?. once owned the lot of Geo. Griggs, near the coinmoa.

Peters ^Vl^., he had probably six sons.

I'iiillip.s \\^m.. (iuiiliolder) took the oiiih IGIO; (spell Fillips in town record)

owned a lot on Washhigton .st., near tlie nr-w meetinfr house, with Wm.

Beanisly on hi.s .south ; near the frrounds ot'.Iob Hawkins and Geo. Orris.
Puillips or Fillips, Nicholas, took the oath 1(>4() ; owned a house and land on

Conduit St., near the north part ol" Merchant's row.
DiiUips John, (merchant) took the oath]f)32; had a son John ; one of the

founders of Second church ; lived westerly of Edw. Wood and George Bur-
rill : died 1GS2.
Phillips Zacharie, member artill. co. IGGO ; o\vned a lot near the new meeting

house, which he sold to Wm. Phillips : kiUed by Indians 1675, had a .sou of

his name, born 1G56.
Philpot Wm., member church 1G43 : lived on Hanover st. near Court st.
Phippenni David, freeman 163G ; owned a house and lot on Ann St., both sides,

next north-east of Wm. Tvng. afterwards removed to Hingham, probably

died at Boston, Dec. 24, 1702.
Phippennies or Phippen, Jos., 1G44, owned a lot east of Wm. Frankin, with

Joshua Scottow, on his west.
Pierce Wm., (deputy) took the oath 1G34 ; selectman; died 1661 or 1669;

owned on the north side of State st., where the Suffolk Bank now ia and

the whole of C]iauu:e alley, which was called by his name.
Pierce James, was killed by lightning 1660, in Plymouth liarbor.
Pierce George, died Dec. 7, 16G1.
Pierce John, townsman 1642 ; freeman 1648.
Pierce Nehemiah, mem. artill. co. 1G71 ; died 1690.
Pigghog Mr., townsman, Feb. 23, 1653.
Pitney James, 1652.

Place Peter, 1642 ; freeman 1646 ; son Joseph horn 1646.
Plaistowe Josias, was " degraded from the title of a gentleman, and fine*! £5''

and his two servants whipped, for stealing corn from Chickatabot, and al«o

"to restore two fold." Sept. 27, 1631.
Pollard Wm., 1644 ; had sons, Wm., John and Samuel.
Poole Henry, died Sept. 14, 1643.
Poole Samuel, (merchant) member of church 1640.

Pope Ephraim, owned on Washington St., near Bromfield st. ; Theodore At-
kinson being his next neighbor.
Pormont or Purment Philemon, mem. eh. 1638 ; freeman 1635 ; one of the

first teachers of youth ; an adherent of Wheelwright ; went with him to E.x«

eter in 1638.
Porte Robert, lived southeast of John Chamberlain ; Wm. Tyng and James

Bill being on each side.
•Porter John, freeman 1633 ; disarmed 1637, for heresy ; removed from town ;

joined the church in Salem; rep. 1668 ; died 1G76, aged 80.
Porter Abel, 1643 ; had a son John born 1G43. owned a lot at the bottom of

South St. on the east side.
Powell Michael, Deacon, took the oath 1641 ; rep.; resided in or near Summer

St.; Nath'l Bishop being on his north ; he died .Tan. 28, 1673.
Powning Henry, freeman 1644 ; had a son Henry born 1G54.
Preston'john, died June 6, 1663.
Price Ricliard, mem. artill. co. 1658 : freeman 1665.
Prom Timothy, (ship carpenter) mem. ch. 1643; freeman 1644 ; rep. six yrs. ;

died Nov. 3, 1702, aged SO years; had .sons Timothy, Wm.. Benj. and Ebcn.
Purchis John, had a son John born 1656.

Purton Widow Eliz. lived on the south cor. of Summer and Washington sts.
Quincy Edmund, took the freeman's oath in 1634.
Rainer Michael, (vintner.)
*Rainstord Edward, took the oath 1637 ; disarmed 1637 ; owned on E.ssex .st.

next to Garret Bourne, to the south some distance, and the lano after-
wards bore his name till incorporated into Harrisow Aveuue,

BOSTON KOTIOJiJS. 69

Rashley Thomas, mem. ch. 1640 ; mem. artill. co. 1645 ; removed to Exeter.

Rawsoii Edward, freeman 1637; removed from Newbury about 1G50 ; secre-
tary of the colony 3G years; had seven children ; died at Dorchester 1G94.

Rawlins Thomas, "freeman 1631 ; mem. artill. co. 1642 ; died March 1-5, 1G6U j
had sons Caleb and Samuel ; born 1G45 and 1655.

Rawling: or Rawlins, Richard, member of church 1642. liad a lot on the
south of North square, next to Thos. Clark, extendhig- into the cove.

Read Wm., took the oath 1635 ; owned the south part of Dock square, be-
tween Wilson's lane and Exchange St.; John Harwood and Major Edward
Gibbens on his west.

Read Robert, 1646.

Rednap Joseph, (wine cooper) freeman 1636 ; died 1686, aged 110.

Rcudall Robert, took the oath 1647 ; owned the corner of Milk St., oppo»itQ
the old South meeting house.

Reynolds Robert, freeman 1634 ; died April 27, 16.59.

*Rice Robert, disarmed 1637; had sons Joshvia and Nathaniel,

Richards Jn., Maj., mem. artill co. 1644; rep. assistant, &c., d. April 2. 1694.

Richardson, Richard, 1654.

Rix Wm., died Nov. 13, 1657; had four sons born previous to 1656.

Robinson Nalh"l, owned a lot, prol;ably in Court St., north of the new meeting
house, land of Mrs. MaryHaM'khis, north ; and that of Edward Allen, west.

Robinson Thomas, from Sciluate ; owned on Washington st. ; having Thos.
Mellows on his south ; Nalh'l Oliver, (tailor) on his north and Thomas
Bumstead. (pevvterer) on his west.

Roberts Robert, 1646 ; Jpswich 1648 ; died 1663 ; had S children.

Roberts Simon, 1655 ; had sons John and Simon.

Rock Joseph, freeman 16.52; had sons John and Joseph; had a house end
shop between John Coggen on the south, and Bezoone Allen on the north ;
east side of Wilson's lane.

Roe Owen, owned a hou.se and garden on Essex st.. east side of Harrison Av.

Rogers Simon, freeman 1640, removed from Concord 1642 ; had four sons,
Nath'l, Simon, Gamaliel and Joseph, born in Boston.

Rossiler Edward, (assistant in 1630) died Oct. 23 of the same year.

Rowell Thomas, died Dec. 29, 165S.

Ruck John, (teacher) appears to have owned a lot on or near to Elliot st.

Ruck Sanaiel, 1657.

Ruggles John, 1630; freeman 1632.

Russell John, Charlestown and Boston, finally settled in Boston and was first
minister of the Baptist church July 23, 1679'; died Dec, 24, IGfeO.

♦Salter Wm., mem. ch. 1G35 ; freeman 1636 ; disarmed 1037 ; had three sons,
Peleg. Jabez and Elisha.

Salter Wm., had a grant to erect a fish house over a creek which crossed
Washington st. near Kneeiaad st., by which grant he obtained an estate
on the corner of Washington and Kneeland sts., since been known as the
Knapp estate.

Samson John, (merchant).)

Sanders John, (bookbinder) took the oath 1636 (spelt Saunders in town record.)

Sandys Henry (m;irchant) freeman 1640 ; had son John 164G.

Sanford Jame.^, died Nov. 2, 1661.

Sanford Richard, mem. ch. 1640 ; freeman 1641.

Sanford Robert, 16-50 ; freeman 16-52 : mem. artill. co. 1661.

♦Sanford or Sainpclord John, (deputy) took the oath 1632 ; was disarmed
16-37; removed to R. I.; lived next east of Thomas Leader.

*Savage Thomas, Maj. Gen., 1635, took the oath lb.36 ; disarmed 1637 ; mem.
artill. CO. 1637 ; its capt. 1651 ; rep. S years ; owned a house, shop and gar-
den near the new meeting house, and had a .shop next to John Newgate ;
oG feet in front of Mr. Wilson's bonse ; he died Ffb. 14, ]€Bi?. rgoid 75 yrs. ;
had IS ehildren.

e*

60 BOSTOiN ^•OTIO^s.

Scairce Daniel, owned a lot tuul whan" o)i the soiuh «i(l« of th« Jock, next to
Wm. Euiuell.

Scarnmon Wni., 1610.

Scarlet John, 1()53 ; mem. 2d ciiuich ; died May 4, 1675 ; had a son John 1657.

Scott Richard (shoemaker) member church 1634.

Scott Robert, (merchant) freeman 163G ; mem. artill. co. 1637 ; owned a house
and garden ; Capt. Leverett on his east ; Mr. Addington,s<)Uth ; with an
orchard extending- from Washington st. to the common ; had tliree sons.

Scoltow Joshua, freeman 1639 ; mem. artill. co. 1645 ; a captain ; had seven
children ; owned a house and land on Annst. near the Conduit ; he died in
Feb., 1697 : the alley from Creek sq. to Anji st., was called Scottow's alley.

Scottow Thomas, (joiner) brother of Joehua, took the oath 1639 ; owned a
house and garden on the ''Kings' Chapel" lot; he was overseer of
graves, gates and fences in 1644.

Seaborn John (tailor) an inhabitant Aug, 28, 1639.

Seaberry John, (seamai\) an inhabitant March 30, 1640, had a son Samuel bora
1640, once owned a house and lot between Isaac Grosse and ^Valte^ Merry
— the bay being on the north east, opposite Constitution wharf.

Search John, freeman, 1642.

Sellick David, had three sons ; lived on State st. where the Mass. Bank nov?
is ; owned a house and barber's shop formerly beloiiging to Wm. Aspiuwall.

Sendall Samuel, freeman 1645 ; in Newbury 1653.

Severence John, freeman 1637 ; mem. artill. co. 1642.

Sexton Thos., had sons Thomas b. 1647, Sam. b. 1653, Joseph 1656.

Shapleigh or Shapley, Nicholas, 1645, had a son Benj. that year ; owmed ft
house and garden on Washington and Winter st., bought of Thomas Oliver.

Sharp Thomas, chosen an assistant in England ; and a fortnight after hia
house burnt down here, (March 16, 1630) he returned to England.

Shaw John, (butcher) member artill. co. 1646 ; died July 23, 16S7 ; had three
sons ; owned a wharf, bounded by Robert Mamiy on his west ; Joshua
Scottow, east ; the cove, south ; the street (Ann) north.

Sheafe Jacob, mem. artill. co. 164S ; died March 22, 1658, aged 58.

Sherman Sam'l, 1637 ; freeman 1640 ; had sons Philip and Nathaniel, and
probably removed to Connecticut.

Sherman Richard, (merchant) ]635 ; died May 30, 1660.

Shore Sampson, (tailor) mem. ch. 1641 ; took the oath 1642 ; owned the 2d lot
north of Cross st. on Ann st.

Shrimptou Henry, (brazier) mem. ch. 1639 ; liad three sons ; owned land on
the mill field, bounded by land of Mrs. Mary H.iwkhis, on the southeast ;
Richard Benuet, southv/est, and AVm. Phillips, north.

Shute Richard, died Oct. 2, 1703, aged 72.

Simons Henry, 1643, the town granted the Mill pond to hira and his associ-
atos with a piece of land 90 feet wide, to carry iheir mill stream tlu'ongh to
the Town dock.

Smith James, (shipmaster,) mem. church 1644.

Smith John, took the oath 1033 ; mem. ch. 1040 , owned a lot on Cambridge
St., adjoining the estate of John Trotman. Six John Smith's were in Mas-
sachusetts and took the oath before 1050.
Smith Francis, took the oath lOiO; had sons, Jolui and Joseph ; owned be-
tween liconard Buttalls and Jos. Wormells ; bounded east by the flats and
west by the highway (Ann st.)
Snelling Wm., (Dr.) 16.54, owned the north corner of Winter St., half an acre,
having a garden and orchard ; Nath'l Woodward on his souili ; John Pal-
mer, east, and John Merriam. north ; had two children.
Snow Thomas, took the oath 1612 ; lived at the south end above Eliott st.
Souther Nath'l, owned a lot on Exchange st. or Wilson's lane.
Spooer .lohn, freeman 1639 ; had son Jn. b. 1650. lived south side Water st.
Spur John, had a son Ebenezer born 1642.

Staines Richard (sailmaker) owned a house and lot on Ann si., in tlio neigh-
borhood of Mark Hands. Geo. Dell and John Baker.

BOSTON NOTIONS, 61

Staubury Thomas, died Sept. 27, 1052; had sons, Thomas, John and Knthaii.

lived on Salem st.
Stanly Christopher, Capt. (tailor) took the oath 1(541 ; o\^■ned a house and larg©

lot of land on Fleet st. and its vicinity; he lived on Court street.
Stanyan Anthony, 1041 ; rep. from Exeter 1054 ; son John born in Bo.stoi\

1042 ; settled in Hampton, N. H.
Stebbins Martin, lived near Bendall's cove.
Stephens Thomas, owned a lot on Salem St., hi the neighborhood of John

Arnold and Thomas Stanbury.
Stephenson John, 1042, fornicrly owned on Dock square, in the neighborhood

of Jno. Harwood and Maj. Gibbens: had sons John and James.
Stevens Henry, 1037 ; freeman 1052 : died Oct. 5, 1089 ; had sons, John,

James, Joseph, Onesesimus born before 1044.
Stoddard Anthony, (linen draper) took the oath 1640; mem. arliJI. ro. 1039 ;
constable in 1041; in 10.50 he was recorder, and the next May a rep., and
continued in that office 23 years ; had 8 children.
Story George, called a young merchant from London.
Strange Jolm, 1051.
Stranguage Wm. (mariner.)
Strainer Richard, (brewer) had his lot on the main St., which extended to th*

cove on the east.
Sunderland or Synderland .John, 1044, mem. artill. co. 105S ; lived on Ex-
change St., with A. Stoddard on his south ; Edwd. Goodwin, north, and Rev .
John Wilson's yard, west ; had so)is. John born 1040 and James b. 1040.
Swan Richard, mem. ch. ; freeman 1040 ; (the name is written Swain in

some old records.)
Swett John (ship carpenter,) took the oath 1041 ; owned on Ann st., .south
of Richmond st. bought of Bartholomew Pasmer in 1041 ; had son John,
1051.
Symonds Henrv, freeman 1043.
Talbot Wm., (sailmaker) 1051.

Talmage Thomas, ireeman 1034 , Lynn 1637 ; probably removed to L. I.
Talmage Wm., freeman, 1034.

Tahnage Richard, lived on Washington St., near Pleasant st.

Tapping Richard, took the oath 1034 ; had sons Timothy and Joseph ; cwnrd

two acres in Gentry field, near Mr. Hough's point ; deacon James Pemi on

the south and west ; and Alexander Beck on the north and east ; he also

owned a lot on Washington st.

Tay Wm.jl042; freeman 10.50 ; had sons Isaiah, Abiel, Nath'l and Jeremiah,

he was m Billerica 1059, where he was town clerk.
Taylor Richard, freeman 1042 ; had a son John born 1C46.
Tefts Wm., owiied on the west side of South st. from Summer to the water.
Thatcher Thom., Rev., 1035 ; ordained at Weymouth, Jan. 2, 1045 ; removed
to Bo.ston, and was settled over the society at the Old South Church, Feb.
10, 1070 ; had three sons and one daughter.
Thayer Richard, 1040.

Thomas Evan, (vintner) freeman 1041 ; mem. artill. co. 1053 ; d. Aug. 25. 1C<51.
Thomas Francis, had a son John born 1005.
Thompson Robert. Major, mem. artill. co. J 039.
Thornton Peter. 1037 ; had a sou Joseph, .same year,
Thorwell Thomas, Capt., died March 11. 1001.
Thurston Richard, of Salem, 10-37, and Boston 1052.
Thurston John, took the freeman's oath 1043.
Thwing Benj., (joiner) mem. church 1042; Ireeman 1645; had sons Edward

and John ; he resided on Hanover st.
Tinker John, 1051 ; freeman 1054 ; of Lancaster 1057.
*Townsend Wm., freeman 1030 : disarmed in 1037 : had four sons.
Toy Wm., (distiller) 1042. lived on Wilson's lane, on laa« beu£kt of R«t.
John Wils\>n.

C2 BOSTON HOTWSiS.

Travers Daniel. 1553 ; hnd sons Dujiiel, Jeremiah and Tunothy.

Tracers Richard, arrived in Boston 1652.

T roit Bernard, 1G05.

Trotman John, 1G45 ; owned a house and warden ; Jolni Smith on his west ;
Cambridge si. south ; the old mill dam, jiortli ; ai'icrwards sold to Thoma*
Hawkhis, (baker.)

Tuckennan John, Iti.j.S.

Tnrell Daniel, Capl., 1G46 : m+?m. arlill. co. 165G ; died Jan. 23, 1699.

Turell Wm.; had a son Wm. born 10-57.

Turner Robert, Lieut., (innkeeper) took the oath 1634 ; inem. artill. co. 1640 ;
had seven sons ; lived on Washington St.; his next neighbor on the south
was JMr. Hutclunson, and on his north was Thomas Clarke, and Wm.
Phillips on his west ; he also owned six acres in the Fort fields ; bounded
east and north east by Richard Fairbanks ; south and south east by Mr.
Harrison ; and on the west and northwest by Richard Gridlcy ; the high-^
way (.Milk St.) north.

Tuttle Richard, (deputy) 1636; husbandman; took the freeman's oath 1636 ;
died May e, 1040.

Tyng- Edw"d, MaJ. Gen., (merchant and treasurer) mem. oh. and freeman
1641 ; mem. artill. co. 1642 ; he had six children ; owned a house, ware-
house and brewhouse, boun;led by the Bay on the east, Valenthie Hill, Hen-
ry Webb and the Cove on the north, James Oliver on the west, State st. on
the south: he owned both sides of Merchants Row, Butlers Row, &.c , also
owned south of John Cliaraberlahi with James Bill on his north west, and
the common st. north east ; he removed to Barnstable and died Dec 20,
lUSl, aged SI years.

Tyng Wm., mem. ch. and freeman 1638; mem. artill. co. 1633, ensign 1640.
treasurer of the colony lour years ; owned the next lot no.east of the JNIill
creek, on Anns;., both .sides, embracing the land on which is a block of
stores' on Blackstoiie st : he also owned a garden plot on Tremont street :
he died January IS, 1653.

•Underhill John.'Capt., (deputy in 1634) took the oath 1631 ; mom. artill. co.
1637 ; disarmed 1637 ; he removed to Wheelwright's sjuthcring at Dover,
in 163S; he was exiled and agahi received into the body of the church, ho
sustauied a queer character among the Puritans ; in 1G67 the Matinccoe In-
dians gave him 150 acres of land, which has ever suice remained iii the
family ; it is supposed he died at Oyster Bay in 1672.

Upsail or Upshall, Nicholas, took the oath in 1630 ; mem. artill. co. 1637 ;
own? i from Hanover st to the water on the no'east side of Richmond St.,
he left his property to his two daughters, wile of "Wni. Greenough and the
wife of Joseph Cock. PLichmondst. was laid out in IG3G. was fined £20 and
exiled for carrying food to two quaker women in prisc)ii ; they being confin-
ed there for quakerism. he returned in 6 years from Plvmouth; died Aug.
20. 1666.

Usher Ho^^ekiah, took the oath 1638 ; settled m Boston 1646 ; mem. artill. co.
163S ; died .May 1676 ; owned a house and land : the highway being east ;
Mr. Bellingham's garden, west : Mr. Cotton's garden, north; which was
afterwards sold to Thomas Scottow ; he was representative from Billerica,
1671, 2 and 3.

Vane Henry, (Gov.) arrived in Bo.?ton, Oct. 8. 1635 ; look the oath 1636 ; liad
his place of business on Ann St., northeast ofWm. Burnell ; he had "a
small house which he lived in, at the side of the hill, above Queen St.,
(Court) which he gave to Rev. John Cotton," at the time he returned to
England; he was chosen Gov, May 25, 1036 ; disturbed the happiness of the
IHf.iple in Nov. iblknvunr. May. 17, 1637, Gov. Winthrop was again chosen;
Mr. Vane retnrn:vl to Rugland Atig. 3. 1637, and June 14, 1662. tliere be-
Jieaded for tilgii treason, aged -M years. Gov. Vane was placed in th« chair
tif »fale at too eailv uii -j,^^ I'wr ih^^ devi-lopemt'iit of liiat wiKdom whicli

BOSTON NOTIONS. 63

gires safety and prosperity to a people; it was an unwise choice with tho

f)eople to elect him Governor of this Slate, after only one year's residence
lere, and being but 21 years of age, in preference to Gov. John "Winthrop,
in who.'se wisdom was safety.

Vernier Thomas, (wuie cooper) mem. Salem ch. 1637 ; freeman 16-S3 ; in Bos-
ton 1645 ; member of artill. co. ; went to England and was there executed,
Jan., 1661 ; had a son Thomas, he resided on Union street,
hood of Mr. Hutchinson and Mr. "Webb.

Viall or Vyall John, (weaver) 1639 ; took the oatli 1641 ; kept the <•' Noah'*
Ark " tavern, at the north part of the town ; owned a house and garden on
Essex St.. next east of Kingston St.: had a son Joseph bom 1654.

•^yaite Richard, (tailor) mem. ch. 1633 ; t-reeman 1637 ; disarmed 1637 ; mem.
artill. CO. 163S ; removed to Watertown.

•Waite Gamaliel, took the oath 1635 ; disarmed 1637 ; died Dec. 9. 1655. aged
S7 ; had a son Samuel ; owned a lot next east of Theodore Atkinson, willi
Job Judkhis on his south.

Wakefield John, died 1703. aged 63 years ; owned a lot next to Jas.^alson on
the ^lighwa}', leading to the new meeting house northwest, near to Jn. Clark.

Walker'Isaac, (merchant) took the oath 1646 ; mem. artill. co. 1644 ; had sons
Nicholas. Stephen and Isaac : lived at Bendall's cove, opposite to Anseli
Holland, near the Conduit ; James Everell on his east.

Walker Robert, took the oath 1634 ; he had six sons, Zacharia, John. Jacob,
.loseph. Eliakim and John ; owned a house and lot bounded north by Thos.
Flint, Ralph Mason, south; the highway (Wasliington st.) east ; south of
Boylston st.

•Walker Jn. freeman. 1634 : disarmed 1637 : may have removed early to R.I.

Walker Thomas, died Aug. 11, 16.59 : lea\ing sons, John and Samuel.

Waldron Ralph, died in Barbadoes, Nov. 29, 1653.

AValton Henry, owned a lot on the south side of the dock, in the neighbor-
hood of James Oliver ; had sons Job, born 1639, and Adam, born 1643.

Waltham Henry, owned south of the dock ; ■■ James Oliver on his south ; land
of Valentine Hill, north : fronting on a lane leading from said dock."

Ward Benj., (ship carpenter) mem. ch. 1640: freeman 1641.

*Wardhall Thomas, (shoemaker) member ch. 1633: t'reeman 1635 : disarmed
1637 : removed with Rev. John Wheelwright to Exeter, 163S.

* Wardhall Wm., was born in 1604 : mem. ch. 1633 : freeman 16:35 : disarmed
1637 : wen.t to Exeter 163S, but returned : had five sons, born in Boston :
[this name is sometimes spelt Vv^ardwell.]

Ware Wm.. freeman and member artill. co., 1643 : died Feb. 11, 165?.

AVarner Joseph, took the oath 1645 ; lived on Ann St., Francis Smith, south.

AVarren Peter, had sons John born 1661, and Benjamin born 1665.

Waters Merry, (ship carpenter) mem. church 1632.

"Watkins Tiiomas, 1652 : mem. artill. co. 1666 : died Dec. 16. 16S9.

■Waters Wm., owned a lot near to Charlestown ferry, on the street from th<»
Boston mill to the ferry ; between lands of Thos.' Stephens and Thoiiuw
Stanbury ; the millpond west. (Salem st.)

"Way George : 1651 : perhaps of Providence also.

Webb Henry, took the oath in 163S ; lived south of R. Scott's orchard, and
Mr. Powell and Nath'l Bishop lived north of him on Hawley St.: and accord-
ing to the record, had a place for business on State St., near to Devonshire.

Webb Wm., freeman 16:36 : died Dec, 1644.

Webber Thomas, (mariner) mem. ch. 1643 : oMnied a lot near the Exchange
Coffee house, 71 by :34 feet ; bought of Wm. Parsons, carpenter ; he also
owned a lot near the south marsh, near to Henr^- Webb and James Davis.

Weeden Edwd, had a son Samuel born 1644.

Weeks Wm.

Wells Edw'd, 1645 : [this name is often .*pelt Welles.]

Wenbourn Wm., 16;3S : freeman 1644 : had a son John born 1633; rcniov*..!
10 Exeter, and derk of ilie writs there ui 1643.

64 DOSTON NOTIONS. I

Wf>ndsll Thomas, died Pec. 10, lOUi.

•Wheeler Thomas, took the oatli lf)37 ; di.'Kinned 1637 : owned th« north

corner of Bedford Jiiul Washiug-toii &t.
Wlieeler Uoarer, died D'-c. 7. lt><jl.

Wheeler Tho.^;., (sailor) Aeenuai 1007 : died May Ifi, 1G53 : .sons .lona. and Jos.
Wheelwrig-ht John. Rev., ^C}^■i'3[ in 1037 he was distVanchi.sed and exiled for
heresy, viz. : a ditferent view of .some texts of Scripture from the ruling
powers of that day; died at Salisbury, Nov. 15, 1079.
V>'iieatley Lionel, 10.53 : freeman 1073 : had a son Samuel born here.
White Wm., had a son Wm. born in 10 iO.
Wliiivvell Samuel, 1052: had a son Sanmei born in 1653.
*Wi!dbore or Wilbore Samuel, wa.s admitted to the freeman's oath 1634 dis-

amied and disfrajichised in 1037,- an active citizen ; died Sept. 29. 1656.
Williams Thoma.s. made freeman 16:30; died 1040: set up the first ferry be-
tween Winnisemtnei and Charie.stown in 1031 : livetl nef>r Merry's point, ad-
joining the land of John Bucktmin on the we.st : and Geo. Palmer to the sea.
Williams Robert, look the oath 103S : lived near lo Charlestowa ferry, next

to P. liawsoa and Wm. Phillips.
Williams ilugli, freeman 1042 : mem. artill. co.
AVilliains Nath'l, freeman 1640 : member ch. and artill. co. 1044 : had soils,

Nathaniel and John.
Williams Richard. Boston and Dorchester: freeman 103S.
Wills or Willes MicHae), bought a lot of Edw'd Tyng on or near to Union Bt.
Willis Robert, 1042 ; one of the founders of the Second church.
Willis Jn.. a mem. of the eh., freeman 10:32. was drowned Nov. 21, 1634.
Willey Allen, (husbandman) : mem.ch. 16:33.

Wilsoi> John (Re-v.) took the freeman's roth 1^32 ; lived on the corner of Wil-
son's lane ; the spot where a bank now is ; he sold •• to Wm. Toy. (distiller
of strong water) '• a lot on the said lane, bounded east by Wm. Franklin,
with Nath'l Souther, west ; bounded upon the lane which leadetli from the
dock head to the house of John Wilson, and northward on the street which
Icadcth to the dock , from the house of Maj. Edw'd Gibbens ; the land of
said John "Wilson on the south." Mr. AVilson died Aug. 7, 1667, aged 79
years ; having been pastor of the Boston ch. 37 years : universally respected.
•Wilson Wm., "(joiner) meniber ch. 1635: freeman 1636: disarmed 1637: had

three sons and one daughter.
Wing Robert, lived at the cor. of Boylston and AVashington sts. had 3 sons.
Winsor Robert, had a son Thomas born in 1052.

Winthrop John (Gov.) born Jan. 12, 15SS : died March 26, 1049, aged 61 yra.,
2 montlis. and 14 davs : lived on Washington St., between Spring lane and
the Old South meeting house : Governor's Island was given to him by the
Legislature, and it has continued in that tamily to the present date. Josselyn
said in 16.3S, that the first apple trees in the country, were planted on that
island, with also a vineyard: but other writers name Wm. Black.stone's
orchard, as the fu'St. Governor John V/inthrop may be honorably styled
the father of the State of Mas.sachusetts. He commenced its govennneiu
as its heaJ. and in all instances during his continuance in office, strove for
the best good of the people. Concerning his condemnation of Mrs. Hutch-
inson and others for heresy, there is evidence of his regret, being compelled
by other o.Ticers of his government and the opinions of the p-'ople to resort
to such strenuous niea.sures — for he was a real philanthropist at heart. —
When liieut. Gov. Dudley was ever at his elbow, pleading tor more stren-
uous^ measures against the heresies of the times, and askin? for more war-
rants for the banishment of the citizens, he at last said, '•! cannot, I will
not sign another one, I have done too much of it already J" again, when he
was informed that a certain person carried off his wood at night, he an-
BTrrred, send him to me, and I will cure him of that habit— and when he
•time the Gov. said to him— it is a cold severe season, and you are wolco^ae
io supply yofw<elf fro.-n nij wood pile till the wiiuer ia or«r.

BOSTON KOTIONS. 65

Winthrop John, Jr., took tlie frcpinaii's oath find was sissistont in 1632; lie

removed to Connecticut and was tliere chosen (jovcrnor ; he died m Bos-
ton, while in that office, April 5, 107(), ag(;d 70 years,
Wiiithrop Adam, son of Gov. John W., Ireeman 1641 : mem. artill. co. 16452 :

died Aug. 24, 1652, aged 32.
Winihrop Deane, .son of Gov. John W.: mem. artill. co. 1644 : freeman 1665 :

v.n.s concerned in the settlement of Groton, wiiich was so named in honor

of his father whose paternal seat was at Groton, Siiifolkj Ejtg. : die died at

Pulling- point, March 16, 1704, aged SI.
Miseman James, 1655 : had a son James, bom at Bramtree.
Wilheredge Edward, (mariner) : mem. ch. 1643: freeman 1644.
j Wood Edw'd, (mariner) took the oath 1640 : owmed a house in the neighbor-
' hood of John Phillips and Geo. Burrell.

' Woodhouse Robert, 1610 : had sons Joseph born 1641 : and IValhaniel b. 1642.
Woodliouse or Woody Kiehard, 1644, owned a house-and Itrt -on Essex street,
I between liincoln and Kingston st.
t^VV^'oodmaiisey Robert, 1644 : had a son Seth born 1644.
Woodward Robert, 1640 : died Nov. 21, 16.33 : had sons Smith and Robert:

owned the soutb corner of Bedford and Washington sts.
Woodward Richard, took the oath 1635 : owned a wLndmill on Fort hill, near

Richard Gridley, and al.'jo a house lot next to John Marrion.
Woodward Nath'l. took the oath 1636 : lived on the corner of Winter and

AVashington sts.: he was an eminent land smrveyor and had a large immber

of children.
Woodward TJiomas : owned next north of John Angier on Common st. : hit

land extended to the '= High st." (Washington.)
AVorraells Joseph, owned a lot next but one to Leonard Buttall on Ann st.
Wright Robert, mem. artill. co. 1643 : had sons John born 1645 and Joseph

born 1655 : resided on Washington st.
Wright Richard, (deputy) took the freeman's oath 1634.
Wyborne Jaines. died March 7. 165S.
Wybourne Thomas, (saddler) i653 : died Oct. 2, 1656: had a son Nathaniel

born 1654 : owned a lot near the new meeting house, next to Wm. Beamesiy

and Zacharia Phillips.
Wytherden John (miller) was part owner of the windmill on Fox hill, at the

bottom of the common, where the Flower garden is now.
Yale David, (merchant) : freeman 1640 : son David born 1645, and Theophilu»

born 1651 : probably driven from Boston by the severity of the rulers : he

lived on Sudbury st., with Rev. John Cotton on his south : having- about 2

acres of land, bought of Edward Bendall.
Yeo Thomas : had a son Thom.is, born 1654.

In 163S, John Josselyn visited Boston, and wrote some account of the
place, under the title of "' New England's Rarities," and stated '• that it waa
then raiher a village than a town, there being not above 20 or 30 houses ; "
the population at that time \a onld seem to require trom 2 to 800 dwelliiigs :
but few convenient, well finished and handsonie buildings could have been
erected, but there were many huts, which perhaps he would not count as
houses : when the Winthrop party removed from Charlestown in 1630 they
left there but 17 persons.

_ This list of ',he inhabitants comprises 683 names, generally heads of fam-
ilies : 23S of them liave a date of settlement, on or before 1638 ; and some of
the 115 name> to which no date is assigned, may have then been regular res-
idents of Boston.

In 1638, Boston contained 600 acres of land, and in 1847, it contained 1300
acres ; 7U0 having been built up from the tide waters.

66 BOSTON NOTIONS.

KING CHART.KS AND HIS PARLIAMENT AT ISSUE.

1644. Our people at this change of mmistry in the Brit-
ish government evinced their loyalty by a complimentary
address to the King, &c., with an order, that whoever distmb-
ed the peace, by forming a party for the King, and yet against
the parliament, should be deemed a high otfender : to be
proceeded against capitally or otherwise : soon after this a
London ship of 24 guns, capt. Stagg, arrived wdth wine from
TeneritTe : — a Bristol ship laden with fish, then lay near
Charlestown ; capt. Stagg landed his wine and sailed romid
to Charlestown and abreast of the Bristol ship : he then or-
dered the Captain on board, and showed a commission from
the British Parliament, to make prize of all Bristol vessels in
any port or creek : he then turned up a half-hour glass, de-
manded the surrender of the Bristol vessel by the time the
glass run out : the captain of the Bristol ship returned on
board and made known the circumstance to his men ; three
of whom were for defending her in light, but the rest were
for surrendering at once, as that would secure to them their
wages, which was promised by capt. Stagg, and the ship
was then taken as a prize.

In this half hour time, a large number had collected on
Copp's Hill to see the issue, and a Bristol merchant began to
muster a mob, and some inhabitants apprehensive of serious'
consequences, seized him and some few strangers, and car-
ried them before Lieut. Gov. Winthrop, who placed them un-
der guard : others belonging to the town he imprisoned and
directed a constable to disperse the rest : capt. Stagg was!*'
immediately called to an. account and produced his com-
mission from parliament, ichich justified the act.

Great excitement continued among the people and some
of the old patriotic ministers in their sermons inveighed
against it, as an overt act of power, and exhoted the magis-j!
trates and people to m.aintain their liberties and rights which]

1
11

BOSTON NOTIONS. 67

had now been violated : many were of opinion that captain
Stagg, ought to be forced to restore the ship to her owners ;
in this case there may be seen a small sprout from the seeds
of liberty growing.

COURT OF ASSISTANTS, SEPT. 28th, 1630.

It is ordered, that no master Carpenter, Mason, Joiner or
Bricklayer shall take above 16 pence a day for their work,
if they have meat and drink, and the second sort not above
12 pence a day under pain of 10£ both to giver and receiver.
The law was repealed in 1631.

Nov. 9th, 1630. Mr. Clark is prohibited cohabitation and
frequently keeping company with Mrs. Freeman under pain
of gjich punishment as the court shall think meet to inflict.

Mr. Clark and Mr. Freeman hath bound themselves in
20£ a piece, that Mr. Clark shall make his personall appear-
ance at the next court to be h olden in March next, and in
the mean time to carry himself in good behaviour towards
all people and especially towards Mrs. Freeman, concerning
whom their is strong suspicion of incontinency.

March 22d., 1630, Boston. It is ordered that every towne
w^ithin this pattent shall before the 5th of April next take
special care that every person within their towne (except
Magistrates and Ministers) as well servants as others be fur-
nished with good and sufficient arms allowable by the Capt.
or other officers, those that v/ant and are of ability, to buy
them themselves, others that are unable, to have them pro-
vided by the town for the present, and after to receive satis-
faction for that they disburse when they shall be able.

April 12th, 1631. It is ordered that every Captain shall
train his company on Saturday in every week.

May 3d., 1631. It is ordered that John Legge, servant to
Mr. Humphrey shall be severlly w^hipt this day at Boston
and afterwards so soon as convenient mav beat Salem, for
1"

68 BOSTON NOTIONS.

striking Richard Wright, when he came to give him eorrec-
lion for Idleness in his masters work.

June 14th, 1631. It is ordered that no man within the
limitts of this Jurisdiction shall hire any person for servant
for less time than a year unless he be a settled house keeper,
also that no person whatsoever shall travel out of this pattent.
either by land or sea, without leave from the Gov. Dept. Gov.
or some other assistant under such penalty as the court shall
think meet to inflict.

July 26th, 1631. Lucy Smythe is bound as an apprentice
to Roger Ludlowe for 7 years, during which he is to laid her
meat drink and clothes, and at the end of her years to give
her the sum of 5£.

Oct. 18th, 1631. It is ordered that if any man shall have
carnal copulation with another mans wife they both shall Ibe
punished by death ; this law was confirmed the first month
1637, or 1638.

Aug. 7th, 1632. It is ordered that the remainder of Mr.
Allen's strong water estimated about 2 gallons shall be de-
livered into the hands of the Deacons of Dorchester for the
benefit of the poor, for his selling it diverse times to such as
were drunk with it, he knowing thereof.

It is ordered that Richard Hopkins shall be severely whipt
and branded with a hott iron on one of his cheeks, for selling
peices (guns) and powder and sliott to the Indians.

It is ordered that Joyce Bradwick shall give unto Alexan-
der Becke the sum of twenty dollars, for promising him mar-
riage without her friends consent and now refusing to per-
form the same.

2d of 9lh month, November 1638. And leave is granted
to Richard Paulinge a plasterer to buy Peter Johnson's the
Dutchman's house, and to become an inhabitant of this town.

Item. — That Edmund Quinsey, Samuel Wilbore, William
Boston, Edmund Hutchinson the elder, and Wm. Cheesbo-

BOSTOM NOTIONS. 69

rough the Constable shall make and assess all these rates,
viz : a rate for 30£ to Mr. Blackstone, — a rate for cowes
keeping ; a rate for the goates keeping and other charges in
work thereabout, and for loste income and water for the
young cattle and goats, keeping at Muddy river.

23d 12th month, Feb. Imprimis. — It is agreed by gener-
all consent that all cattell whatsoever (except such as are
constantly imployed in draughte) and weaned calves 20
weekes old, and weaned mayle kiddes, shall be kept abroad
from off the necke, upon penalty for every one unput away
within a week after warning, 2s for every weeke not put
away.

23d Ist month March, 1635. Item. That whereas the
wood upon the necke of land towards Roxbury gate, this
last winter, hath been disorderly cutt off and wasted, whereby
the poor inhabitants are disappointed of relief, they might
have had there in after and needful times ; now it is gener-
ally agreed that, Mr. Treasurer, Mr. Bellingliam and Mr.
Wm. Hutchinson, with the three Deacons shall consider
whoe have been faultie herein, and sett downe what restitu-
tion of wood unto the poore such shall make, according to
their severall proportions alotted by the major part of the
six.

Item. — That Mr. Wm. Hutchinson, Mr. Wm. Colborne
and Mr. Wm. Brenton shall sett pryses upon cattell, commo-
dities, victualls and labourers and workman's wages ; and
that noe other pryses or rates shall be given or taken.

Item. — We finde that Isaacke Collyraore, Carpenter hath
sould his house unto a stranger contrary to the same order,
and therefore the sayle thereof to be voyd, and the said
Isaacke CoUymore to forfeit for his breaking thereof.

27lh of the last moneth called February. Item. Att a
meeting upon private warning, it was agreed that there shall
be u watch taken up and gone round with, from the 1st of thd

70 BOSTON NOTIONS.

2d month next for the summer time from sunn sett an hour
after the beating of the drumbe upon penahie for every one
wanting therein 12d for every night, p. 66.

7th of 6th moneth, 1637. Leave is granted to Rich-
ard Fairebanke to sell his shopp to Sanders a book bynder.

25th. Robert Gillam, maryner, hath leave to buy a house
lott where he cann. '

30th the 8th moneth. Granted to our brother John Han-
sett a great lott at the Mount for 3 heads yea for 3 heads.

18th of 10th moneth. It is agreed that Edward Bendall
shall have a sufficient ferry boate to carry to Noddle's Island
and to the shipps ryding before the town, taking forr a single
person 2d. and for twoe 3d. and if there be more Id. apiece.

31st of 6th moneth. That William Douglass is alowed
to be a Townsman he behaving himself — as becometh a
Christian man.

It is ordered, that every first Thursday in every month,
there shall be a general Training of Capt. UnderhilPs com-
pany at Boston and Roxbury, and every first Friday in evory
month there shall be a general training of the remainder of
them, who inhabit at Charlestown, Mistick and the Nev^
Town at a convenient place about the Indian Wigwams, the
training to begin at one of the clock in the afternoon.

It is ordered that Henry Lyn shall be whipt and banished
the Plantation before the 6th day of Oct., next for writing in-
to England falsely and maliciously against the government
and execution of Justice here.

It is ordered that every hand (except ministers and magis-
trates) shall afford their help to the finishing the fort at Bos-
ton till it is ended.

Oct. 3d., 1633, It is ordered that no person, Housholder
or others shall spend his time unprofitably under paine of
such punishment as the court shall think meet to inflict, and
for this end it is ordered that tlie constable of every place

BOSTON NOTIONS. 71

shall use special care and diligence to take knowledge of
oifenders in this kind, especially of common coasterSj un-
profitable Fowlers and Tobacco takers, and to present the
same to the 2d next assistants, who shall have power to hear
and determine the cause, or if the matter be of importance,
to transfer it to the court.

Ordered, that no person either man or woman shall make
or buy any slashed clothes, other than one slash in each
sleeve and another in the back, also all cuttworks imbroid-
ered or needle workt Caps, bands, Vayles are forbidden here-
after to be made and worn under the aforesaid penalty — also
all gold or silver, girdles, Hatbands, belts, RufFs, beaver liatts
are prohibited to be_ brought or worn hereafter under the
aforesaid penalty, &c,

March 4th, 1634, Newtown, It is likewise ordered that
Musket balls of a full boar shall pass currantly for farthings
a peice, provided that no man be compelled to take above
12 pence at a time in them.

26th of 7th moneth, Sept. Newton. The 12th of the 8th
month was ordered to be kept a day of publick Thanksgiv-
ing to God for»his great mercies in subduing the Pequot's,
bringing the soldiers in safety, the success of the conference
and the good news from Germany.

LADIES DRESSES REGULATED.

4th of 7th month, 1639, Boston. No garment shall be
made with short sleeves whereby the nakedness of the arm
may be discovered in the wearing thereof, and such as have
garmenis already made with short sleeves, shall not hereaf-
ter wear the same, unless they cover their arms to the wrist
with linnen or otherwise : and that hereafter no person what-
soever shall make any garment for women, or any of their
sex, with sleeves more than half an Ell wide in the widest
place thereof, and so proportionable for bigger or smaller
pertonp.

f

72 BOSTON NOTIONS.

1st of 10 month, Dec, Boston. The Jury found Hugh
Buetts to be guilty of heresy and that his person, and errors
are dangerous for infection of others. It was ordered that the
said Hugh Buett should be gone outof our jurisdiction by the
24th present, upon pain of death, and not return upon pain
of being hanged.

1644. It is ordered that the 3d day of the 5th month
(July) shall be kept as a day of publick humiliation in all
the churches in our jurisdiction in regard of our native coun-
try, the sickness, drought and other dangers to ourselves.

It is ordered that the Printers shall have leave to print the
Election sermon with Mr. Mather's consent and the Artil-
lery's with Mr. Norton's consent.

1642. Mr. Robert Saltonstall is fined 5s. for presenting
his petition, on so small and bad a peice of paper.

FILLING UP THE MILL COVE.

Where the eastern depot in Haymarket Square now is,
there was originally a spacious cove : this was altered into a
mill-pond by the erection of a causeway from Prince Street
to Leverett Street, and building a Saw, Grist and Chocolate
mill on the North side of it : the waters of the " Mill Cove,"
came up to the south-west side of Prince St., below Thatcher
Street, where they went northerly towards the bottom of
Snow-Hill Street : the south side of Prince Street, above this
spot was marsh, and so was the west side of Back (Salem)
Street : another causeway for those going to the mills was
from the east side of the First Baptist Church to a few rods
east of Thatcher Street : one half of the wooden Baptist meet-
ing house stood over the tide waters, and the margin of the
*' mill Cove " ran on a south-by-west line to the south mills,
which stood at the entrance of Mill-pond Street, verging
thence a point westerly, it passed' acroos Union, Friend and

BOSTON NOTIONS. 73

Portland Streets to the bottom of Hawkins Street : thence
westerly across Pitts and Gonch Streets to Leverett Street,
which at one time was called, " Mill Alley : " the descent
of the land here was very steep : a street was laid out in the
line of Temple Street from Leverett to Beacon Hill, and
which being too sudden an ascent for foot travelling, a lengthy
continuation of steps was laid to its summit. 138 feet above
the level of the sea, there affording a most extensive and
beautiful panoramic view of the harbor and country for many
miles around.

Beacon Hill with its three eminences, comprised about 100
acres of ground, extending from the centre of the town to the
cove at the north ; the hill-peak, a little east of Beacon Hill,
was rather the highest of the three : its base reached towards
Tremont St., and thence by gradual descent tapered oif to-
w^ards the north ; the garden grounds of Messrs. Phillips,
Green and Lloyd, (where Louisburg Square now is) are su} -
posed to have been ' the three little rising hills, from which
arose the name of ' Trea Mount,' as given to the street : the
most w^estern eminence was razed to form Mt. Vernon St.,
the highest points were probably between Bowdoin and
Pinckney Streets ; 'on the top, directly opposite Charles St.,
' meeting-house, there was a boiling spring open in three
'■ places, at about 80 feet above the level of the water ; ' the
west side of the hills were rough and precipitous, but even
that is now covered with handsome buildings.

LOSS OF THE COLONY CHARTER.

In 1676. During the troubles with the Indians, complaints
were making in England against the Colonies, which result-
ed in a quo warranto, and judgment against the Charter : the
compliance of the colony with the requisition of the King had
been slow as necessity impelled, and wjiatever alterations

74 BOSTON NOTIONS.

they might make in their polity from reason and conviction
of their own notion, they were not easily let to adopt the
same when required by a sovereign to whom they held them-
selves subject only according to their charter : there were
different opinions in regard to the course which the colony
ought to pursue, and from this period may be dated the
origin of two parties, the Patriots again&t the Prerogatives,
the Whigs against Tories, between whom controversy never
ceased till the final separation of the two countries,

A jealousy of their political rights infused itself into the
minds of the Bostonians, and henceforward their increased
sensibility was apparent on every encroachment of their lib-
erties. In April, 1676, according to custom, the town chose
Mr. J. Hayward to be nominated to the county court for the
office of clerk of the writs : but that court saw fit not to take
any notice of it, and the town resented it as an affront at a
public meeting on the 20th of August, as follows : " There
was presented a paper to the inhabitants by Richard Knight,
in the name of himself and others to represent their dissatis-
faction and grievance for a breach of their liberties and
privileges, as they apprehend by the Hon. County Court,
putting in another clerk of the writs than what was nomi-
nated by a major vote of the inhabitants on the 20th of
April, 1676; the question being put, whether the motion
' therein should be considered at this time, resolved in the
* affirmative."

In 1676. King Charles II., sent one Edward Randoph as
bearer of despatches to the authorities of Boston; a man
hated by the people as a spy upon their liberties, and a re-
porter to the crown of the worst features in the proceedings
of the colony. The court complied with the principal de-
mands of the king and then sent Wm. Stoughton and Peter
Buckley to England to make answer to any complaints made
tht'ie agHiii^t the colony; Randolph immediately followed

BOSTON NOTIONS. 15

thenij and there reported that the town refused any obedi-
ence to the acts for regulating the trade of the plantations.

Several laws were passed by the general court, to re-
move some of the grounds of complaint, and the king's arms
were ordered to be carved, and put up in the Court (Town)
house : but to conform to the acts of trade, they acknowl-
edged they had not done it : they considered them an inva-
sion of their rights as subjects of his majesty, they not being
represented in iparliament ; however, they had made provision
by law, that the acts should be observed from time to time,
although it greatly discouraged trade and was a great dam-
age to his majesty's plantations. Here was the same princi-
ple avowed, " that taxation and representation should go
hand-in-hand together," one hundred years in advance of
that same declaration from the united colonies.

Randolph .went many times to England with complaints,
and always returned with fresh orders and powers for coer-
sing the colonies : In 1678, he was invested with the office of
inspector of customs and to make seizures for violations
in the acts of trade : but whenever he did seize, he generally
was condem-ued in costs ; the town's agents returned
home from England in 1679 : two years after that date,
Randolph was appointed Collector, surveyor and search-
er of the customs for New England : he laid his commission
before the general court, but of that no notice was taken ;
he then stuck up an advertisement in the Town (Court)
house, that such an office was erected and the people must
govern themselves accordingly: this notice he said, was
taken down by the marshal by order of the general court or
by some of the members, he therefore demanded of the
court a final resolution whether they would admit his com-
mission to be in force or not, that he may know how to pro-
ceed : but w^hat their answer was to him cannot be found,
but in their address to the King, he ^' was an acknowledged
collector and his commission enrolled."

76 BOSTON NOTIONS,

Charles II.. was yet dissatislieJ and required that other
ag'ents from the province should be sent to him without de-
lay, with powers to submit to such rules of government as his
majesty might see fit. Mr, Joseph Dudley, a son of the first
Deputy Governor and Mr. John Richards, a merchant of Bos-
ton, and an Assistant were commissioned for that errand and
arrived in London, August 1682: Randolph followed them,
ready to disclose every thing they might wish to conceal :
^' His Majesty was greatly provoked," and in their first report
to the general court they represented the case of the colony
as desperate, and proposed to them the choice of submitting
to the dictates of the crown or to suffer a quo warranto to is-
sue; on the receipt of these advices, it was a serious ques-
tion, not only in the court but among all the inhabitants,
whether to surrender or not : at last the agents were instruct-
ed to make no concessions of any privileges conferred on the
colony by their charter : on receiving this resolution of the
court, the agents business was at an end, and they returned
to Boston, Oct. 23, 1683 : it was immediately determined on,
that the 'quo warranto should go forth, and Randolph arrived
with that instrument. The next day after his arrival a des-
tructive fire took place on the south side of the town dock,
the richest part of the town; and consumed a great number
of dwelling houses, warehouses and vessels, and some of the
people supposed it to have occurred by the procurement of
Randolph : The Bostoneers as he called them, were forward
to oppose his majesty's commands.

''1684, Jan. 21. At a meeting of the freemen of this town
upon lawful warning, upon reading and publishing his maj-
esty's declaration, dated 26th of July, 1683, relating to the
quo warranto issued out against the charter and privileges
claimed by the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts
Bay, in New England. It hath been put to vote, whether
tlie freemen were minded that the General Court should

BOSTON NOTIONS. 77

make a full submission and entire resignation of our charter
and privileges therein granted, to his majesty's pleasure, as
intimated in the said declaration now read ; the question was
resolved in the negative, nemine coktradicexte."

Increase Mather was at this town meeting, and made a
spirit stirring speech; there is no doubt but the vole of the
town was then the spoken thoughts of a vast majorit}^ of the
people of the colonies : yet the legislature was divided on
this point : Gov. Bradstreet and a major part of the Assist-
ants voted not to contend in law, but to submit to the pleas-
ure of the King : the representatives after a fortnight's de-
liberation, refused to give concurrence to that vote ; and a
letter of attorney was sent to a suitable person to appear and
answer in behalf of the colony.

The court of King^s Bench was the court from which the
Quo warranto proceeded and at which c-ourt the agent
was to appear, but without any notice, the case was removed
to another court and a seire facias was issued against the
colony from the court of chancery, on the 16th day of April,
which was not received until the return day had expired : by
means of which, judgment was given against the colony on
the 18th of June, 1684. subject to an appearance and defence
on the next term, without their being heard or receiving
timely notice to appear ; thus fell tl-ie good old charter.

King Charles IL, died Feb, 6th, 1685, which occasioned
such a crowd of business there, that the colonies had a little
respite from tlie din and clank of political chains being pre-
pared for them. King James II., was proclaimed with great
ceremony in Boston, on the 20th of April. As soon as he
was settled on his throne, he sent a commission to Colonel
Joseph Dudley to take the government of New England up-
on him, and appointed liim a new council of his majesty's
own choosing, and VVm. Stoughton as deputy President.
Mr. Dudley received it by the Rose Frigate, (the first noticed

/8 BOSTON NOTIONS.

as airiving- in Boston IT.-irbor,) on the 15th ofMay^ 1686, and
it was made public on the 24tli, when the president and
council met in form.

Mr. Dudley and council, consideied themselves appointed
to preserve the affairs of the colony from confusion until a
governor should be appointed and a rule of administration
be more fully settled : the former laws were revised and put
in force for the time being with tne general consent and ac-
(juiescence of the citizens and the affairs were thereby reg-
ularly conducted.

Mr. Dudley was President but a short time. Sir Edmund
A.ndros. who had formerly been governor of New York, ar-
rived Dec. 19th, 1686, with a commission from King James
TI. dated July 3d., constituting him governor of the whole
country, and empowering him with four of his council to
]uake laws, and raise money without a general assembly or
any consent of the people ; he landed in Boston Dec. 20thj
and was escorted by 60 red coats, to Mr. Gibb's house on
Fort Hill. It was soon discovered that all his plans and
aims were tyrannical : many of his council left their seats ',
a few^ only living in or near Boston attended regulary ; and
some of those complained that he had always three or four
of creatures ready to say yes or no to every thing he proposed
as suited him, after which no opposition was allowed. It
was not long before the case of some who apprehended
themselves oppressed, came up for consideration, and one of
Ids Council told them '• they must not think the privileges
' of Englishmen vrould follow them to the ends of the world;"
this sounded an alarm through the country, not soon to be
forgotten.

The people endured insolence and privations innumera-
ble under the new government yet they were generally

BOSTON NOTIONS..

quiet : James II. was a Catholic and was desirous that the
government of Eng. should be dispensed under that power,
but his daughter Mary, thwarted his design by wedding
William, Prince of Orange, who during the confusion among
the people, landed an army on their shores and com-
pelled James to flee for his life from the Kingdom ; seating
himself on the throne of the father of Mary — his wife : the
news of this sudden event, reached Boston in April, 1689 :
as Sir Edmund Andros, here, was exercising kingly powers
in behalf of James II. the bearer of that news, was thrown
into prison without bail Oi mainprize; Andros issued his
mandate against the authority of King William and Queen
Mary, charging all the people of the colonies to resist their
power by land and by sea : but he was mistaken in the
strength of his proclamation; for that very month, he, with
some of his most obnoxious council, with the captain of an
English frigate, then in Boston harbor, were seized by the
populace and imprisoned, and there retained man} weeks :
in Feb., 1690, most of them were forced to return to
England.

Simon Bradstreet who \vas Governor from 1679 till 1686
was called to the chair of State as President; although then
I being upwards of 80 years of age : — Isaac Addington was
\ appointed Secretary and Wait-Still VVitiihrop, commander of
1 the militia. From 1686 to 1689 the colony was controlled
by Andros, as lord of the soil, without acknowledging any
I of the previously chartered rights of the colony; and during
\ that time, the people were drawn into a disastrous war with
I the French in Canada ; reference to which is made in
j another part of this volume. Gov. Bradstreet died at Salem,
I March 27, 1697, aged 94 years. Isaac Addington died
j March 19, 1715, aged 70 years. Wait-Still Winthrop, was
jUon of Gov. John Winthrop of Conn. : born at Boston, Feb.
'■27, 1642, died at Boston, Sept. 7, 1717, aged 7b Tcar«.

80 BOSTON NOTIONS.

KETROSPECTION THE EMIGRANTS Or 1630.

The derided and oppressed dissenters from the doctrines
and faith of the Church of England, harrassed with the
power of the officers of the Crown and of Church Bishops,
ventured with all their earthly possessions to flee into this
wild and uncultivated country : here the forest beast and
Savage held supreme umpire, and the terrors of the British
laws were but escaped, to endure for a season, at least, the
expected horrors of a death by the tomahawk, or by the
slower but more fearful one by starvation : they left their
paternal soil in a panoply of hope, that here they could wor-
ship the God they adored, according to their own conscien-
tious principles; and they were a brave, self-enduring body
of christian men and women : for the love of their religion
they did come, and on that principle alone this new para-
dise was founded which is now the admiration of mankind.

The pioneers in great undertakings often become a sacri-
fice to their own daring experiments, and it is a duty de-
volving on those who may enjoy the benefits resulting from
their great achievements for good, through a vista of years,
to hold their memory sacred, and to embalm it within the
tablets of the mind with those of a kind parent or a friends'
beneficence.

The emigrants to Plymouth in 1620, lost more than half
their number by w^ant, sickness and death, within six
months after landing there : the settlement at Salem ia
1628, and that at Charlestown in 1629, proved equally as
unfortunate ; for less than half their number were alive and
well, a few months afterwards : the many bound-help of the
wealthy Salem emigrants, whose ship-passage cost £20
each, were freed, for their employers could not feed them : ;
during the inclement winter season of these then wild re- 1
gions, we can realize that a mere tent for a covering, and J
the earth for a resting place, with a paucity of food and

BOSTON NOTIONS. ' 81

nourishment, that the human frame would rapidly become
feeble and die : that more of them, or even all, were not
cut off, is cause for grateful feelings with the people at this
time : here they planted the standard and the seedling
germs of morality, religion, justice, tequal rights and equal
laws; which their descendants, in preserving, defending
and extending to future generations, will honor themselves,
in doing that honor to the brave band of their forefathers.

The seitlement of Boston in 1630, was attended with
many disheartening circumstances : Lady Arbella Johnson,
daughter of the Earl of Lincoln, Eng. and wife of Isaac
Johnson, died in Aug. of that year, and was buried at Sa-
lem : she was an accomplished and beautiful woman, the
pride of the emigrants; and her decease caused heartfelt
sorrow to all classes of the people : Isaac Johnson was son
of Abraham Johnson, of Clipsham, Eng., and was chosen
an assistant May 13, 1629 ; he was the idol of the people :
wealthy and generous, a christian man and a judicious mag-
istrate ; (see also page 53) the loss of his beloved partner
with other important concerns preyed rapidly upon his sys-
tem, and he died Sept. 30, 1630 : two more assistants; Mr.
Pincheon and Coddington lost their estimable wives, ^nd
Dr. Gager, Richd. Garrett, and Edwd. Rossiter, with many
others, died that year.

The deprivations of the emigrants is recorded by Roger
Clap in these words : "Oh. the hunger that many suffered
'■ and saw no hope in the eye of reason to be relieved : flesh
' of all kind was a rare thing and bread so very scarce, that
' sometimes, I thought, the very crumbs of my father's table
* would have been sweet to me,"

The ensuing winter set in early, and the harbor was
frozen over Dec, 24th ; the cold so intense, that it was with
great exertions the people were kept from fieezing : provis-
ions became so scarce that clams, muscles and shell lish

Sr: BOSTON NOTIONS.

became luxuries, and ground nuts and acorns were used as
bread : on the 5th of Feb. 1631, the ship Lion entered the
harbor of Boston, loaded with pro\-isions from London, and
the hearts of the people were made glad, and to rejoice
once more, with the necessaries, if not the comforts of life.
The ship Lion returned to London, April 1st, with Rev.
John Wilson, who left here to escort his wife over; the
pastoral desk was thereby vacant till November, when the
Tier. John Eiiot assumed the office : Mr. Wilson with his
lady returned, May 26, 1632.

REV. JOHN COTTON.

John Cotton was born at Derby, Eng., Dec. 4, 1585 : his
father Holland Cotton was a respectable lawyer and had a
goodly, godly housewife : the son was admitted into Trinity
College, Eng., at the age of 13 years: proficiency in his
studies early procured him an invitation to Emanuel Col-
lege, where he rose regularly to head lecturer and catechist:
he became so thoroughly conversant with the Hebrew lan-
p-uage as to freely converse in it : he was also an adept
sclHolar in the Greek and Latin.

Mr. Cotton pursued his studies for the ministry with
indifference if not repulsive feelings, till he was aroused by
the forewarnings of the Rev. Wm. Perkins : these he resisted
for three years, and lived that time in the jovialities of
youthful pastime : he then became a serious believer in the
doctrines of Calvin, and soon after that, commenced preach-
ing : the wits of his college expected a splendid oration or
harangue, but in the place of wit, he gave them reproofs
which seriously operated on their minds. •

In 1612, Mr. Cotton being 28 years of age, settled in Bos-
ton. Eng. and continued his arduous duties there, for twenty
years ; effecting aii eiteuBive reformation throughout the

BOSTON NOTIONS. ^^3

town : but after the government of ihe English church
came into the hands of Bishop Land, divi-icus arr^f in his
parish, when a dissolute fellow informed a-ainst him and
his society, for not kneeling at the sacrament ; Mr. Wilson
was cited therefor, before the high commissioners court : he
concealed himself for a time in London, in preference to
being confined in the King's jail or sufferino- a woi.-e fate •
and came to this country at the age of 48, in company with
Mr. Hooker and Mr. Stone, Sept. 4, 1633 : causing the peo-
ple to rejoice in the arrival of three great necessities, viz.
Cotton for clothing : Hooker for fishing^ and Stone for build'
ing.

Mr. Cotton being invited to preach to the students of Har-
vard University; on crossing the ferry, a bleak and stormy
time for that purpose, took cold, causing inflamation on his
lungs, attended with asthmatic affections : he occasionally
held forth from the sacred desk after that, but grew more
feeble ; and on the 23d of Dec. 1652, he died the death of
an effective and revered shepherd hi the vineyard of the
Lord, and was mourned for by the people as if they could
not be comforted. He was settled as colleague with Rev.
John Wilson, Oct. 10, 1633, and was 19 years in Boston.'
N. E., as one of the brightest minds in literature, theology,
and as a moral examplar. He was buried in King's Chapel
burying ground.

Mr. Cotton's appearance was peculiarly impressive: a
complexion clear : in size rather short, with full limbs : in
his youth his hair was brov.qi, but in advancing years it be-
came perfecdy white ; his eye flashed with the keenest
rebuke or smiled with a cheering power; his voice was
clear and audible ; being heard distinctly in the largest
hall ; he generally devoted twelve hours every day to study
and composition: and wrote his sermons with great care,
although he sometimes preached extemporaneously.

1^4 EOITON NOTION!*.

He lost hia first wife previous to his removal to this coun-
try, by whom he had no children ; and his second wife Sarah
came with him ; she had three sons and three daughters,
the eldest daughter Sarah, and youngest son Roland, died of
the small pox, in 1649 : the next daughter Mrs. Eggington,
died a few years afterwards, and the youngest became the
wife of Increase Mather; Seaborn, the eldest son, born on
the passage here, in Aug. 1623, died April 19, 1686, aged
52 .---John, born March 18, 1640, died Sept. 18, 1609, aged
5S>. The descendants of Rev. Jolm Cotton are numerous.

GOV. JOHN EKDICOTT.

John Endicott was from Dorchester, Eng., and arrived at
Salem in Sept. 1728; he was an assistant nine years : Dep.
Gov. five years; Gov. fifteen years; and Maj. Gen. four
years : he removed to Boston in 1644, and was chosen Gov,
that same year ; he was again chosen in 1649, and while in
that ofhce, associated with the other officers of the state in
denouncing long hair as unbecoming and unmanly, fit only
lor the appearance of Indians or Russians : he was also
effective in passing a law against weaiing boots, as a waste
of leather and a useless expense : and a law also against
dancing, as causing exti"»vagance and show : he lived on
Pemberton hill : died March 15, 1665, aged 76 years, leav-
ing a legacy of £4 to the poor of the town.

The winter of 1637 — 1633, was an extremely severe and
distressing season to the inhabitants of Boston ; snow four
and a half feet deep covered all the land from Nov. 4lh. till
March 23, and they were suffering for want of fuel : Jan. 13,
thirty men started for Spectacle Island to cut wood, and the
next night a violent N. E. storm raged, and for two days fol-
lowing a strong wind from N. W. : the harbor froze solid,
all but th© Ciianiiel, through which twelve of the men made

BOSTON NOTIOxXS. S5

for the governor's garden (Fort Warren) ; seven others in a
skiff were carried with the ice to Broad Sound, and there
kept among the Brewster rocks for two days without food or
fire ; one of whom died, and the rest of them had their hands
and feet badly frozen ; so unfortunate were the citizens at
that time, that the place acquired the appellation of " The
Lost Toivn:^

THE MILITARY.

The Puritans placed a great value on the services of the
citizen-soldiers, and every method for strengthening that
right arm of defence, and for their correct discipline, they
were prompt to adopt; their law of 1631 was as follows : it
is ordered that every man who finds a musket, shall always
have ready one pound of powder, twenty bullets and two
fathoms match, [gun locks were not then in use] under
penalty of 10s. and that every Captain shall train his ccm-
pany every Saturday.

The following extract from Johnson, who was a Captain,
evinces the military and patriotic spirit of the time, and
some of his zealous admonitions may not be useless, even at
the present day.

" You shall with all diligence provide against the malig-
' nant adversaries of truth ; See then you store yourselves
'with all sorts of weapons of war: furbish up your swords,
' rapiers and all other piercing weapons. As for the great
'Artillery* wait on the Lord Christ, and he will stir up
' friends to provide for you and in the mean time, spare not
' to lay out coyne for powder, bullets, match, and all kinds
' of instruments for war; see that with all diligence you en-
' courage every soldier-like spirit among you, for the Lord

•The Rev. Mr. Cotton, soon aAer, gave £100() for the purchnse of Cnn-

; ) BOSTOK NOTIONS.

Christ intends to achieve greater matters by this little hand-
ful than the world is aware of.

' And as for you who shall be preferred to highest places
in New England regiments, cause your captains and other
inferior officers to be diligent in their several places : let
faithfulness to the cause in hand, courage^ activity and skiU^
have the pre-eminency of honors : for though it may seeme
a mean thinge to be a New England souldier, yet some of
you shall have the battering and beating down the over-
topping towers of the hierarchy; lieutenants, ensigns ^nd
Serjeants^ exceed not your places till experience, skill and
true valor, promote you to higher honor, to which you shall
be daily aspiring."

The foUownig description of a training, is by Dunton.

'^ It is their custom here, for all that can bear arms, to go
out on a training day. I thought a pike was best for a
young soldier, and so I carried a pike — "twas the first time
I was ever in arms. Being come into the field, the captain
called us all into our close order, in order to go to prayer,
and then prayed himself. And when the exercise was
done, the captain likewise concluded with a prayer. Sol-
emn prayer on the field upon a training day, I never knew
but in New England, where it seems it is a common cus-
tom. About three o'clock our exercise and prayers being
over, we had a very noble dinner, to which all the clergy
were invited.

Mr, Wra. Hibbins, was a considerable trader by sea, and
fared well in pui-.se for many years, but his usual good for-
tune did not always attend him ; he met with many losses
which reduced his floating capital : he died in 1654 ; his
wjdow Mrs. Ann, could not graciously bear these reverses in

Noto. Al pa-re 6.3, Gov. H. Vuue is considered iis only 21 years of nge. luU
probably lu; was ^'i.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 87

her greatest enjo)rments, and in a little time she became a
perfect fret and scold : her neighbors on Water St. offended
at her railings, were desirous of removing her from their
proximity ; as she owned her house, they could not accom-
plish that by any common management, so they charged
her with being a witch, as the most effectual method of
stilling her tongue : on this charge she was brought to a jury
trial, who united in a verdict oi guilty ; but that, the presid-
ing magistrate would not receive ; for the reason, probably,
of viewing the charges as the offspring of ill nature and
malice : her enemies being baffled in this attempt, made
great exertions to bring the case with all the popular clam-
or and prejudice they could muster, before the House of
Representatives; here they succeeded, and that honorable
body condemned the poor old woman to a death by the
hangman, as being a witch ; in 1655 that sentence was put
into execution : the strongest point of evidence in the case,
was, that two ot her persecutors being in the street, talldng
together, she said they were talking about herself, which
was an acknowledged fact: on this point was her condem-
nation fixed.

The people were so weak or evil minded, as to hunt the
dead body accurately over for tetts, and rummage her boxes
and chests for puppets, images and charms, but none could
be found of either shape or character : at least nothing in
our history has as yet been discovered inducing the mind
to any other conclusion.

In the year 1631, July 30, Mr. Ludlow, digging for the
foundation of his house at Dorchester, found two pieces of
French money, one of which was coined in 1596 ; they were
at the depth of a foot in the earth : — It is related that in
1616, a French ship wag cast away on the Massachusetts

88 BOSTON NOTIONS.

coast, or captured through stratagem, by the natives : there
were many persons on board, and they were divided among
several Indian Sachems; in 1619, but two of those prisoners
were alive : one of whom had learned the Indian talk,*and
reproved the savages for their barbarities ; telling them that
God would some day surely destroy them : a Sachem en-
quired, if his God, that he talked so much about, had as
many men as there were Indians present ; and if he
thought he could kill all the Indians; on being informed
that God could easily destroy them all, he mocked, and de-
rided the idea, and said, there were so many, God could
not kill them : one of the Frenchmen was with the Pokano-
ket tribe, and the other with the Massachusetts : Capt.
Dormer redeemed them from bondage, and restored them
to their country : all the French crew had been put to death
but three or four; and these were preserved, only to be
sent irom one Sachem to another, to make sport : the two
pieces of money found by Mr. Ludlow, probably came in
that French ship.

NORTH EAST STORM.

^^ 1640, 10th mo. Dec. 15. One [person] of Roxbury,
sending to Boston his servant maid, for a barber chirurgeon
to draw his tooth, they lost their way on the road, and were
not found till many days after; and then the maid was
found in one place and the man in another, both of them
frozen to death."'

'' 1641, 9th mo. Nov. 12th. Mr. Maverick of Notdes
Island, who had been formerly fined £100, for giving enter-
tertainment to Mr. Owen and one Hale's wife, who had
escaped out of prison, where they had been put for notorious
suspicion of adultery," received some mitigation of that I
penalty.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 89

COL. ETHAN ALLEN.

The following authentic anecdote ahhough not precisely
in its pfece is esteemed too good to let slip.

In 1781, Allen was taken prisoner by the British in their
successes in New Haven, and carried to England : he was
there treated with marked attention and respect, and an
offer made by the British minister, to be vested with a Vice-
roy over the colony of Vermont, with unusual priviledges,
if he would use his influence with his countrymen, to slop
the then existing revolution ; Sir, said that stern hero, with
a contemptuous smile, you put me in mind of a certain per-
sonage renowned in sacred history, who on one occasion
took the redeemer of all mankind to a high mountain, and
pointing out the principalities and kingdoms of the earth,
offered to him the whole, if he would bow down before him ;
but every principle of polity forbade that, for the poor devil
was a vexatious spirit, without owning an iota in the prom-
ised land.

THE QUAKERS.

The religious sectarian denomination of Quakers arose, in
the county of Leicestshire, England, in 1644: the first arri-
val in Boston of any of that religious faith, was Mary Fisher
and Ann Austin, June 5th, 1656; these women were made
prisoners on board the vessel they came in, and soon after-
wards confined in jail, as also were seven others about a
month after, and the books they brought with them publicly
burned ; Nicholas Upshall, an aged and humane christian,
applied to the jailor for leave to furnish them with food and
even paid 5s. per week for that privilege ; he was fined £20
and sentence of banishment from the jurisdiction passed
against him, although he owned a considerable estate on
Richmond Street, was a church member and a freeman :
he fled to Plymouth and tarried there six years, when his
sentence of banishment wa« released : he returned to Boston

90 BOSTON NOTIONS.

and immediately prepared a room in his house for the use
of Friends : yet laws were passed to prevent their entrance
within this jurisdiction, accompanied with penalties of fine,
public whipping and imprisonment : these were soon fol-
lowed with a law decreeing a forfeit of one ear for a first
offence and another ear for a second ; and under this law
three Quakers had their right ear taken off on Boston com-
mon, in 1658, by the public executioner. [See page 36.]

Their persecutors seemed more like infuriates, bereft of
reason ; for having left their own patrimony on account of
the severe persecutions by the English church against prot-
estants, it would rationally be supposed that similar move-
ments among any conscientious class of God's worshippers
would be, by them, dealt kindly with : but instead of a
holy and kind feeling toward those similarly situated emi-
grants, they ordered some of the Quakers to be sold as
slaves, for the payment of the fines inflicted on them for
being such : this severity had the effect of increasing their
number, for some of the puritan families went over to them
and embraced their religious creed.

The government became so incensed at this occurrence,
they passed a law for the banishment of ail Quakers on the
penalty of death : four were sentenced to be hanged under
this law, and two of them were executed; the others had
leave to depart if quickly done ; instead of lessening their
number, these measures gained them friends and proselytes ;
among those, was one of the officers executing the law : the
Quakers finding these laws not w^arranted by the Patent
from the Crown, made such complaints to tiie King that no
more executions ever after that took place.

The first meeting of Friends was on May 4th, 1664, at ihe
house of Mr. Wanton, when a warrant was issued to seize the
preacher and report the names of his hearers to the Gov.:
on the Pth of Aug,, 1675, twelve men and two women were

BOSTON NOTIONS. 91

apprehended at their ordinary place of worship and twelve
of them publicly whipped and two paid the fine ; at the
next meeting fifteen were whipped, among them three
women.

These severities on the minds of that peaceful people
wrought something like a frenzy on their part, for it appears
that Alex'r Coleman, a shoemaker, went into the third meet-
ing-house in a BLOODY coat and Thos. Newhouse went in
with a couple of large glass bottles and smashing them to-
gether, said '' thus ivill the Lord break you m pieces ^^^ to the
consternation of the assembled congregation.

Under the new Charter, the Quakers, Baptists and Episco-
palians were placed on more equal ground Vvdth their neigh-
bors, and some laws passed in 1692 exempting them from
taxation; in 1694 the quakers had a lot of land in Brattle St.
measuring 108 by 25 1-4 feet for a meeting-house and buri-
al place, and built a brick house thereon 24 by 20 feet ; in
1708 it was concluded to sell the old meeting-house and
build a new one, if they could be allowed to build it of wood;
J;his not being permitted, they built one of brick in Congress
Street on the spot w^here the Transcript printing office now
.is; the size of it was 35 feet by 30, about 1710. — It was
-Jburnt in the great fire of 1760, and repaired the same year :
:the Friends were never numerous in this jurisdiction and in
:1774, but eleven could be found in the whole town, and
probably there is not one, now a resident here ; their proper-
ty in Congress St. was sold in 1827, and the bodies in their
•cemetery removed to Lynn : other buildings now cover the
whole area : soon after the latter date, the Friends built a
stone meeting house in Milton Place, Federal St. a small
-and neat edifice.

1649, March 26. On this day it w^as the misfortune of
Boston and a great number of friends on both sides of
?the Atlantic Ocean, to lose one of the greatest, brightest orna-

h

92 . BOSTON NOTIONS.

meiits of human nature ; Gov. John Winthrop died : he had
been a firm friend to the colony for nineteen years and exer-
cised his great powers for the benefit of the plantation, by
faithfully serving them in any office to which his fellow citi-
zens called liim, as Representative, Lieut. Governor and
Governor ; to all he was ready to render the benefits of his
wisdom and counsel : he was born at the family mansion
house of his ancestors at Groton, in Suffolk, England, June
12, 1587; was educated for the profession of the law and
was commissioned as Justice of the Peace at 18 years of age;
his paternal estate was productive of about ^30,000 per
annum, which he sold and expended it principally in the
service of the colony ; his time, his study and his interests
were all devoted to the prosperity of the land of his adoption;
with the dignity of a governor he united the perfect man-
ners of a gentleman : he did not much favor the system of
democratic rule, but maintained, " that the best part of a
' community is always the least, and of that best part, the
^ wiser is less." When in England, he was of a more catho-
lic disposition in religious matters than most of his associ-
ates ; but after his residence here, he gave in to the intole-
rance of the rulers and elders ; but in his latter days he re-
sumed a spirit of moderation ; for in his last sickness when
Mr. Dudley desired him to sign an order for banishing one
for a heterodox faith, he would not, saying, he had done too
much of that already ; he died at the age of 62 years.

The governor's house was in Washington St. opposite the
east end of School St. : it was of two stories, built of wood,
which was destroyed b}^ the British in 1775 : his remains
were deposited in the family tomb on the north side of the
chapel burying ground : a portrait of him is preserved in the
Land office in the State House.

On Copp's Hill (at an earlier date, called Snow Hill,) was
erected the first wiiidmill used in Boston ; it was removed

BOSTON NOTIONS. 93

from Watertown, as there it could be used only when the
wind was from the west, and thence it gained the name of
Windmill-Hill.

Wm. Copp was the first European owner of that emi-
nence ; after that, it came into the possession of the Ancient
and Honorable Artillery Company by mortgage : in 1775
when the British had possession of Boston, the company was
refused by them the liberty of drilling on the common and
they marched to their own hill with a full right and liberty ;
at a latter date the mortgage was discharged, which vaca-
ted their right in the premises : the British built a fort on its
south-eastern limb, next to the burial ground in 1774, which
has been levelled for buildins; lots.

STATE STREET A.S IT WAS.

State Street was a primitive highway ; the owners of both
sides in the year 1640, can be traced : Edward Tyng owned
the north-east corner, which is supposed to be the south-west
corner of Merchants' Row: Wm. Hudson held a house and
yard at the lower end on the south side, which appears to be
the only lot between the corner of that street and Mr. Wiii-
throp's marsh, which afterwards was called Oliver's dock :
this lot w^as probably near the corner of Kilby St. now occu-
pied with the New England Bank ; between that corner and
Milk St. a cove ran up westward as far as Spring Lane,
where there was a remarkable spring : IMr. Winthrop's gar-
den lay on the south side of that lane, and bounded north
with the spring-gate : Mr. Hibbins' lot was east of him hav-
ing also, the spring-gate north : then, John Spoore had the
creek north and the marsh east : these three lots brings us
down to the block between Congress and Kilby (formerly
Adams) Street: passing the intervening marsh or water
course we then have three lots which have the marsh still

9-1 BOSTON NOTIONS.

on the north and at the water side have John Compton's
house and garden, '■'■ bounded with the cove on the east and
the Fort hill on the south: the lots on the north side of Spring
lane and Water St. were all said to be bounded south, either
by the spring-gate or the marsh.

The head of a creek reached toward Summer St. and at
very high tides, nearly united with the water from South St.,
which then flowed to Winthrop place ; the south branch of
this creek covered a part of the lower end of Pearl Street,
extending across the Atkinson estate : the Admiral Vernon
tavern was at the corner of Merchants' Row, up to which
the tide flowed.

Ann St. as far as Richmond Street occupies what was the
foot of Windmill-Hill, on the seaboard : the land between
Richmond St. on the east and Portland and Elm St. on th&
west was a narrow neck, on each side of which was a spa-
cious cove, southerly from Richmond and Ann St. followed
the shore till it reached the mill creek, where a natural inlet
commenced, which extended to and covered what has been
known as Hatter's Square.

As near as can be ascertained the name of " the cove ''
was applied to all the water which flowed between Han-
cock's Wharf and the bottom of State St. All the records
of possessions north of the former, speak of the Sea or Bay,
for the bounds on the north and east : there is named Thos.
Joy, who has the cove south-west ; Mr. Thos. Clarke next,
has it south, which probably was at the foot of North Square ;
(which for some time was called Clarke's Square,) southerly
from him various owners have the cove south-east and
north, till we come to Edward Tyng, who had the bay on
the east and the cove on the north : the western extremity
of this, which was called Market cove or Towii dock ; it
was formerly called Bendall's dock, from Edward Bendall
who owned a lot near the head of it ; his deed gives him

BOSTON NOTIONS. 95

the cove north and east, which brought him not far from the
corner of Dock Square ; the water flowed near the foot of
Brattle St, : the whole of Dock Square and Market Square
and the west side of Union St. as far as Creek Lane and all
east of that, to the Mill Creek was daily flowed with the tide.

1650. The inhabitants of Boston by petition to the general
court expressed a wish to be incorporated as a town, but the
records of that session do not indicate that any thing more
was done on the subject : — suits at law grew more frequent^
and many more crimes were committed on account of the
greater number of people from various parts of the world
and the increase of trade : at the session of the general court
Oct. 1651, an order was passed empowering the town to
choose seven commissioners as assistants to be qualified by
oath, to hear and determine all civil actions not exceeding
£10 in value, and of all criminal actions where the fine
should not exceed 40s. the parties belonging to Boston neck
and Noddle's Island, (East Boston) and the county court was
not to take cognizance of any such actions.

Oct. 1652. John Leverett, Nathaniel Duncan, Anthony
Stoddard, William Tyng, Edward Tyng, T. Savage and T.
Clarke were chosen commissioners.

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE SELECTMEN OF BOSTON.

The duties of the selectmen were detailed in the following
form and power, ' 24, 1st month : 1651, Directions for the Se-
lectmen of Boston commended unto them from the to\vn.

'■ Having chosen you for orderinge the towne affaires, this
year ensueing, though we doubt not to confide in your wis-
dom, fidelity, and care, in seeking and promoting the good
and welfare of the towne, yet according to court we com-
mend unto you the following instructions :

First, in generall we require your special care that the
h*

96 BOSTON NOTIONS.

good and wholesome orders already made, which you have
the records of, be observed and duly executed, and what
other acts and orders, shall be established for future benefit
of the towne, that you allsoe cause them to be published
and put in execution, and further according to power given,
and several lawes of the country to be found in the book of
printed lawes, under these titles. Townships, Ecclesiastick,
Freemen, High-ways, small Causes, Indians, Corn-fields,
Masters and Servants, Pipe Staves, Swyne, Weights, Meas-
ures, and any other order in force which concerne your place
to regulate yourselves and carry on your worke, and where
you finde defect of power to bring your desires to a good is-
sue for well ordering the towne, you may draw some good
orders in forme to be approved by the towne, and so to be
presented to the Generall Court and our Deputyes for con-
sideration.

Secondly, there are some particulars necessary to be con-
sidered of and ordered by you — as first about accepting and
entertaining new inhabitants into the towne and herein,

First, it is required that you make some efFectuall orders,
with such penalty as you have powers to impose, that none
transplant themselves from other parts of the country to in-
habit here without giving you notice thereof.

Secondly, to enquire of such as so present themselves for
inhabitants, what calling or employment they will undertake,
and if they will live under other men's roofs as inmates,
then to deal with them, according to the order of such per-
sons, comprehended under the title of Tow^neshipes.

Thirdly, if such persons were poor and impotent, such as
had reliefe in the district whence they came, then to deal
with them according to the ordering of settling poore people
under that title of poor."

These instructions were by an annual vote continued in
force many years.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 97

Dec. 8th, 1708. The selectmen made proposals to the
Town respecting a charter of incorporation for the encourage-
ment and better government of the to\Yn, and thirty-one of
the most respectable citizens including the selectmen, were
chosen as a committee for draughting a new and improved
system of government, and on the 14th of March, 1709, they
made their report, which being read to the citizens collected
in town meeting ; on the question being put, if the town will
refer the consideration of said scheme to some future meet-
ing warned for the purpose — it was voted in the negative; on
the question, do the town accept the scheme or charter now
proposed — it was voted in the negative.

Most of the principal inhabitants were in favor of the pro-
posed charter, but the people adopted the opinion of one of
the speakers, who closed his objections to it, by saying, it is
a whelp now^ it will bje a lion by-and-by, knock it in the
head !

A NEW CHARTER OBTAINED FOR THE COLONY.

However patient the people were under the administration
of Sir Edmund Andros, some of the principal men had
thought it an object to endeavor to obtain relief from their
sufferings by a representation of their grievances personally
to King James. It was proposed, "that some one should be
' sent with an address of thanks to the king for his gracious
^ declaration, wherein he does promise us the free exercise
^ of our religion and that he will maintain us in the eujoy-
' ment of our rights and possessions : " Mr. Increase Mather
(then pastor of the old North Church in conjunction with his
son Cotton, ) was selected for this purpose : he departed
April, 1688, notwithstanding the machinations of Randolph
to thwart him by a writ on some false or paltry charges. Mr.
Mather kept concealed to avoid the writ, and when all ready
to sail, some of his people cariied him disguised on board at
night.

98 BOSTON NOTIONS.

Mr. Mather was the favored man of all the clergj'^ on
whom the mantle of the departed Cotton seemed to ha?^'e
rested : his influence on the character of the town, particit-
larly in the vicinity of his residence, was equal to that of his
beloved exemplar : " Ardent, bold, enterprising and perhaps
'■ ambitious ; conscious of his own powder, religiously sensible
^ of his obligations to exercise it usefully ; born and ti-ained
' in a young colony struggling with hardships, and forcing its
' way through peril and fear : his mind fashioned by a father
' who for conscience sake had quitted all and settled in this
' hopeless land, who had all the zeal and firmness which
^ characterized the puritans of that age, a race eminently
'formed to do and to dare;" thus gifted and educated,
he became peculiarly fit, to have an ascendancy and exer-
cise a control among his associates by his wisdom and judg-
ment : his scholastic advantages in youth were the best in the
country and by travel and study abroad, it had been perfect-
ed ; he had been driven from place to place for his religious
tenets ; presented with the strongest temptations on a change
of creed, yet he returned to labor in the service of this infant
state : his talents, learning and virtues united to a rigid pie-
ty, gave him a moral power which few can ever equal.

Mr. Mather's exertions and remonstrances with king James
II. were unavailing, and he determined to wait the result of
the expedition of William to gain the throne of England,
which was successful Nov. 15, 1688; when he expelled his
father-in-law, from the kingdom. With the new king, Mr.
Mather had an audience and obtained some few favors and
the "royal promises " for moije : he improved every oppor-
tunity to secure friends to the settlement : he gained over
many of the nobility and principal commoners ; with the
whole body of dissenting ministers, whose political weight at
that time was considerable.

Before any important result had taken place, the general

BOSTON NOTIONS. 99

court thought best to send over two additional petitioners on
their behalf ; Elisha Cook and Thomas Oakes, both practi-
tioners of medicine in Boston, just rising into eminence in
their professional sphere, and also eminent in the political
arena : they united with Mr. Mather, and the result of their
joint labors were, a grant for a new charter, which em-
braced the colony of New Plymouth, the Province of Maine
and the country of Nova Scotia, \vith the lands between the
two latter joined to Massachusetts.

Sir William Phipps was appointed the first governor under
the new order of things ; he arrived in Boston with the new
charter, Saturday, May 14th, 1692, towards evening; on
Monday he was escorted from his house in Charter street,*
corner of Salem street to the State house, by the Boston regi-
ment, companies from Charlestown ; magistrates and citizens
of this and the neighboring towns : the charter and gover-
nor's commission were then read, when the venerable old
charter-governor Bradstreet, resigned the chair : after read-
ing the commission of the Lieutenant Governor, and admin-
istring the usual oath of office, the Governor was escorted to
a public hall for dinner, and from thence to his residence.

The charter named the persons for councilmen for the first
year, and made provision for a House of Representatives :
writs were issued without delay and the first court under the
new charter convened June 8th, 1692; a party was form-
ed for opposition to the charter, but a majority of the court
^^ thankfully accepted it and appointed a day of solemn
' thanksgiving to Almighty God for granting a safe arrival to
' his Excellency the Governor and the Rev. I. Mather who
' have industriously endeavored the service of this people,
* and have brought over with them a settlement of govern-

*This name was probably given to the Street on account of Sir William
Phipp*' residence being there, and bringing over the new charter.

100 BOSTON NOTIONS.

' ment in which their Majesties have graciously given us
'distinguishing marks of their royal favor." The court al-
lowed four members of the house to be returned from Boston,
whichj continued to be the number sent until the revolution
in 1775.

It is probably a deep cause for congratulation, thanksgiv-
ing and praise to the supreme ruler of nations, that England
possessed a superior power by charter over the politic course
of the first emigrants to this part of our land ; causing them:
to respect the lives and liberties of those, who could not
agree with them in every thought in their religious matters ;
for if we look at the severity of treatment exercised towards
their own kindred of pure and pious brethren, who differed,
from them on trifling points ; their treatment of Quakers,
Baptists and Episcopalians ; and take that as a criterion and
a sample of a government it would have been their pleasure
to establish here, we cannot be too grateful for the check that
was given to them : and if the 'pro-warranto was termed by
them, as an "instrument of death," the result has worked
gloriously for all future generations, by giving to them, a
full freedom to worship the God of Heaven and earth, accord-
ing to the dictates of their own conscience ; and for allow-
ing every man to be answerable to his maker, and to his
maker only, for his thoughts in religious matters.

FRENCH PROTESTANT CHURCH.

The French protestant of the Catholic Church suffered
severe persecutions for the truth of the faith in them, until
the edict of Nantes was issued by Henry IV. giving them
great relief from their oppressors : which edict was confirm-
ed by Louis XIV. but the conditions of it were soon violated :
they were deprived of all offices and hundreds of tlieir
churches desolated.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 101

In 1662. John Touton, from Rochelle in France, made
application to the court in behalf of himself and others^ ex-
pelled protestants, for liberty to inhabit here, which was
readily granted. Multitudes were driven from their country ;
some fled to England and Ireland and some to America :
those who arrived in Boston, probably came in the summer
of 1686, for contributions were made on their behalf at Salem
in September of that year : in Cotton Mather^s memorandums
are minutes of two discourses by a Mr. Laurie, delivered
September 12th and October 7th ; from the tenor of which,
he undoubtedly was one of them.

Pierre Baudouin (the ancestor of the Bowdoin family.)
fled to Ireland ; from thence to Maine in 1687, and soon af-
ter to Boston : the first notice of their church is in the Mag-
nalia, where is a record of " a French congregation of protest-
ant refugees, under the pastoral care of Monsieur Daille: "'
who continued its pastor till his decease, May 20th, 1715,
aged 66 years : " he was a person of great piety, charity, af-
' fable and courteous manners and of an exemplary life and
^ conversation : " he had three wives, the first he lost Dec.
14, 1696, and the second August 31, 1713, the third outlived
him some years ; his will directed his body to be decently
buried, according to the direction of his executor Mr. James
Bowdoin, '■ with the restriction, that there be no wine at my
' funeral and none of my wife's relations have any mourning
^clothes furnished them except gloves : " all the Boston min-
isters were presented with gloves and scarfs : his books he
gave to the church : £100 for the use of the minister and
£10 put at interest toward building a church.

From the foregoing notice of a meeting house it appears
that the French church in School St. on the lot next east of
the Universalist meeting house was not built till after 1715 ;
ihe lot had been in their possession since Jan. 4th. 1705,
conveyed by Mears to John Tartarian, Francis Bree-

102 BOSTON NOTIONS.

don and Jean Depuis, elders and the rest of the congrega-
tion : on the 7th. of Feb. John Portree, F. Breedon and John
Dupee petitioned the selectmen for leave to build a meeting
house of wood 35 by 30 feet on that land, but '• it was not
* convenient to grant the same, " but they had the free use
of a new school house, large enough for a numerous congre-
gation : they built a brick building about 1716,

Mr. Daille's successor, was the Rev. Andrew L. Mercier ;
he published a church history of Geneva in 1732, from which
we learn he was there educated : his church did not in-
crease sufficient to support the expenses of a separate house
of worship and the meetings were discontinued : on the 7th.
of March 1748, the whole property was conveyed to several
gentlemen, as trustees for a new congregational edifice : the
transfer being made by Stephen Boutineau, elder, Zach. Jo-
honnot, Jean Arnanet, John Brown, Andrew Johonnot, James
Packonett, Wm. Bowdoin, Andrew Sigourney, members and
Mr. L. Mercier, minister : Mr. L. M. after that resided in
Dorchester but returned again to Boston, where he died,.
March 31, 1764, aged 72 years.

DEATH OF THE REV, JOHN WILSON.

The death of Mr. Wilson, the first preacher of the firstt
church in Boston, occurred Aug. 7, 1667, at the advanced
age of 79 years ; he led an amiable and spotless life, his-
heart was full of compassion for the distresses of his fellow
men and his purse was continually contributing to the^ re-
lief of the needy : he was an humble and consistent chris-
tian, anxious to do all the good in his power through the-
whole measure of his long and important career, and so gen-
erally beloved by the multitude residing in his vicinity, that
being at a general muster of the military, a gentleman said
to him. S'n\ I can tell you a great thing : here is a mighty boihj

BOSTON ^OTIOKS. 103

' of people and there is 7iot seven of them all but ichat loves Mr.
' Wilson : on which he instantly replied, smilingly, Sir, I'll
' tell you as good a thing as that, here is a mighty body of peo-
'ple and there is not so much as one of them all, but Mr, Wilson
' loves him.'''

Mr. Wilson was educated at Kings' College, Cam., Eng.,
where he obtained a fellowship, but was deprived of it for
nonconformity to the Eng. Church : he studied law three
years : and then theology, and was setUed in the ministry in
England : in 1630 he came to this country and preached
under a great tree in Charlestown : the same year he re-
moved to Boston and was ordained as pastor of the first
church. He often exercised his talent for poelizing and
giving off-hand acrostics and anagram's, coupled with a
religious idea or with advice, and thereby gained quite a
name as a poet in those times.

Mr. Wilson was quite unfortunate in many of his concerns
and attachments ; losing a wife and some of his children
under trying circumstances : two of his associate ministers
died ; some of his houses burnt down; and the errors which
were creeping into the calvinistick rules of the church, gave
him great sorrow. He left property valued at about £420.

For another notice of him see page 64.

REV. JOHN DAVENPORT.

John Davenport was born 1597, and educated at Ox-
ford. He came to New England, June, 1637, and settled as
the first minister at New Haven : he removed to Boston on
the decease of the Rev. John Wilson, and was installed his
successor, Dec. 9, 1668, and died suddenly, ]\Iarch, 1670,
aged 73. " His intrepidity saved King Charles' judges, Whal-
• ley and Goffe, who fled to New Haven in 1661 and who
' were hidden in his house, whilst he was preaching in pub«
1

104 V B08T0JI HOTIOKI.

' lie before the officers wlio were in pursuit of them, a ser-

* mon from the following words : take council ; execute judg-
' merit ; make thy shadow as the night in the midst of the noon

* day; hide the outcasts; betray not him that vj under eth ; let
' mine outcasts du-ell with thee ; Moab, be thou a covert to them
^from the face of the spoiler.''^

RICHARD BELLINGIIAM.

Gov. Richard Bellingham, who was one of the original
patentees on the Charter for Massachusetts Bay in 1628, and
in 1644 one of the board of Selectmen and held various
useful offices in the gift of the people, rising to that of gov-
ernor, died Pec. 7th, 1682, aged 80 years : he appears to
have been a deservedly popular man, strongly in favor of
the liberties of the people; he was by education a lawyer ;
as a man he was benevolent, upright and active in business :
as a christian he was devout, zealous and attentive to external
forms : in politics he favored the democratic side, but in the
church w^as a violent opposer of the new sects that contended
for religious freedom ; he was sometimes subject to dejection
and melancholy, and even mental derangement : his will
left a large property for charitable and pious uses, but it was
made in such a crude manner that after some years of dis-
pute, the general court thought necessary to supply its
defects by their own construction of it, and used the property
to build a stone fort on Castle Island, in the place of the
wooden one, which was burnt March 21, 1673.
See page 44 for another notice of him.

VARIETY.

On page 41, an allusion is made to the death of King
Philip of the Narraganset tribe of Indians, and it may be of
interest to preserve the address of the Indian who shot him :
'• you have been one very great man. you have made many

BOSTON NOTIONS. lOS

' a man afraid of you, but so big as you be, I will chop you
in pieces:" then, with a hatchet he severed the head off,
which was sent to Plymouth : his hands were sent to Boston
and his body denied the right of sepulture.

In 1G53 the first great fire occurred in Boston, according
to the records, but at what time or at what place is not
named, but it is supposed to have been near State St.
1690, Aug. 3d. A fire near the Mill bridge across the
creek in Hanover Street consumed several houses, and the
fire known as the fifdi great fire happened Sept. 16th, near
the old south meeting house which w^as in great danger of
being consumed ; several houses were destroyed and a lad
burned to death. 1691. The 6th great fire occurred on June
30th, at the King's head by Scarlett's vrharf. north end, when
several houses were consumed.

1702, March 11. A great fire near the town dock, three
warehouses blown up to stop its progress : the destruction of
property extensive, but not recorded.

GREAT FIRE. Oct. 2d, 1711. The prosperity of Boston
now seemingly on a rapid increase received a severe check
by a fire which commenced in Williams' Court from the
carelessness of a poor woman who suffered the fire " to catch
the oakum she was employed in picking of: " all the houses
on both sides of Washington St. from School St. to Dock
Square were laid in ruins : the first church was early in
danger : some sailors went up in the steeple to save the bell,
and while engaged in that service, the stairs burnt away, the
roof fell in and they all perished in the flames : all the west
end of State St. with the Town house was destroyed and
some destruction made in Pudding lane [Devonshire St. .]
nearly one hundred houses were destroyed and one hundred
and ten families deprived of their shelter : a large trade was
carried on in these buildings and the merchandize burnt and
destroyed was very extensive : the rubbish was used to fill
up Long wharf.

106 BOSTON NOTIONS.

The houses after this fire were generally built with brick
and of three stories. The First Church commenced rebuild-
ing- ou the sile of the old church in April, 1712, with brick
and of three stories; in which they held a meeting May 3d,
1713: this house stood till July 17, 1808; and the next
meeting of the society was held in their new church in
Chauncey place four days afterwards.

FIRE WARDS. The general court at their next session, by
law, created a Board of firewards consisting of ten; their
badge of ofHce was '' a staff five feet in length colored red
and headed with a bright brass spire, six inches long : "
and the engines were supplied with water by lanes formed
of the ciiizens, passing full buckets on one side and empty
buckets on the other. The court also, proposed rebuilding
the town house : the Province to be at half the expense : the
county of Suffolk one quarter, and Boston the balance : it was
completed and a town meeting held in it, March 8, 1714.

NEWSPAPERS.

1704. The first newspaper published in the colonies
commenced in Boston; it was printed on a half sheet of pot
paper, with a small pica type, folio, and was entitled " The
Boston News Letter. Published by authority. From Mon-
day April 17, to Monday April 24, 1704."

John Campbell, a Scotchman and bookseller was propri-
etor : '• Boston, printed by B. Green : Sold by Nicholas
Boone at his shop near the old meeting house : " at this time
there were licensers of the press, and what was printed, was
under their approval : the first number had the following
prospectus: ''This News Letter is to be continued weekly,
and all Persons having any Houses, Lands, Tenements,
Farms, Ships, Vessels, Goods. Wares or JMerchandize, &c.
to be sold or lett, or Servants Runaway, or Goods Stoll or
Lost, may have the same inserted at a Reasonable Rate ;

BOSTON NOTIONS. lOT

trom TvTelve Pence to Five Shillings and not to exceed :
^vho may agree with Nicholas Boone for the same at his shop
next door to Major Davis^ Apothecary in Boston near the
Old Meeting House."

" All persons in Town and Country may have the said
News-Letter Weekly upon reasonable tearms, agreeing with
John Campbellj Postmaster for the same."

1619. Dec. 21. The second newspaper issued in New
England was the boston gazette, published for Wm. Brook-
er who succeeded Campbell as Post Master : printed on
half a sheet of printing paper, foolscap size, with a small
pica typCj folio, by J. Franklin, and was continued on a
half sheet for several years, excepting at times it would h&
issued with some blank page or pages, owing to a scrutiniz-
ing power of '•' the licencers" of the press: as nothing could
be issued but ''by authority," in that age of surveillance to
the ruling powers of the Crown.

1721, Aug. 21. A third newspaper entitled the kew ek-
GLAND courrajSt, appeared at this date, printed and published
by James Franklin, on a half sheet, ciov.-ji-size printing pa-
per, with a small pica type.: Imprint; "Boston, printed by
^ James Franklin, in Queen St. where advertisements aie
'taken in:" supposed to have been at the Franklin Head,
Court St. : the Courraiit was mostly occupied with .original
essays, in which men in office and the clerical opinions of
the day were attacked : they were written by a society of
gentlemen, by some of the community called '• a set of free-
thinkers," and by others " the Hell-iire club ; " it had warm
advocates and zealous opposers, and at last drew the atten-
tion of the government, and J. Franklin was imprisoned for
a month, and forbidden to print it allerwards ; his brother
Benjamin, who was author of many of those essays, issued it
in bis own name; it c mtir.ued tx) be published nearly jbIt

108 BOSTON NOTIONS.

years, but Beiij. Franklin left the establishment in 1723.

For a notice of Benj. Franklin see another page.

The fourth newspaper called the New England Weekly
Journal came out March 2Uth, 1727, on a half sheet of Fools-
cap, folio, Imprint; " Boston, Printed by S. Kneeland. at the
printing- house, Queen street, where advertisements are taken
in; " the character of this paper was short literary essays on
miscellaneous subjects by a private society.

FORTIFICATIONS ON THE NECK. In 1710, defences were
built across the neck, of stone and brick for a foundation, with
a parapet of sod-work with strong gates across the road, and
known as the " Fortification Gates." A number of cannon
were placed there.

POST OFFICE. J.Ir. John Hayward was appointed by the
court " to take in and convey letters according to their di-
rection ; '' the olhce of Post Master was regulated by the
colonial government until 1710, when an act of parliament
established the office of Post Master General in New York,
to form other offices were most convenient, and Campbell
the Bookseller, was appointed for Boston: in 1711, a southern
and eastern mail to Plymouth and Maine went once a week
and a western mail to Conn, and N. York, once a fortnight.

light HOUSE. July, 17, 1715. The general court voted
'' that there be a Lighthouse erected at the charge of the
' provinces, on the southernmost part of the Great Brew^ster,
' called Beacon Island, to be kept lighted from sun-set to
' sun risinir.''

witchcraft in BOSTON 1GS7.

^^An instance of the delegated power of the prince of dark-
ness, as many then believed, occurred in the worthy family
of John Goodwin, a sedate man and good liver at tlie north
end: he had four good children, of ingenuous muds, relig-
iously educated, and esteemed as without guile : the eldest

BOSTOH NOTIONS. 109

daughter about 13 or 14 years of age, charged a washerwo-
man with taking away some of the family linen ; the mother
of the laundress, was of the wild Irish character, and a bad
woman : she used abusive language to Miss Goodwin on ac-
count of the charge, and soon afterwards Miss G. went into
fits ; which the people said were of a diabolic character : the
other sister and her two brothers were soon taken the same
way : all tormented in the same part of their body, although
in different rooms and ignorant of each others complaint :
their afflictions were only in the day time : their night was
spent in sweet peace : they would faint at sight of the as-
semblies catechism, Cotton's milk for babies, and some other
godly books, but could read in Oxford's jests. Popish and
Quaker books and in the common prayer without any diffi-
culty : sometimes they would be deaf, then dumb, then
blind, and then again all these together would come upon
them : their tongues would be drawn down their throat, and
then fTulled out to their chin : their jaws, neck, shoulders,
elbows and other joints would appear to be dislocated and
they made pitious noises as of being burned, beaten, cut
with knives, and the marks of wounds were seen, or at least
'twas said they were seen."

" The ministers of Boston and Charlestown, kept a day of
Fasting and prayer in the troubled house, after which the
youngest child made no more complaints : the others con-
tinued in their afflictions ; then the magistrates interposed,
and the old woman was apprehended and brought before
them on the charge of witchery, but she would neither deny
nor confess, and appeared crazy : Physicians examined her
and pronounced her compos mentis^ and she was executed ;
declaring at the scaffold ihat the children should not be
released."

'•The eldest daughter was taken into a ministers' family
and for a while was orderly, but again went into fits : in time)

119 BOSTON JiOTlOVS.

the whole recovered a serene and pleasant behaviour; grevr
up professors of religion and no discovery of fraud in the
transactions could be made : an account of it was published
with a preface by Mr. Baxter, who said, " the evidence is so
' convincing, that he must be a very obdurate saddusee, who
' will not believe : " Mr. Hutchinson says, '• it obtained
' credit sufficient, together with other preparatives to dispose
' the whole country to be easily imposed upon by the more
' extensive and more tragical scene, which was presently
' after acted at Salem and other parts of the county of Essex."

ANCIENT RECORDS.

'^ 1633. The scarcity of workmen had caused them to
raise their wages to an excessive rate, bo as a carpenter
would have three shillings a day, a laborer 2s. 6d., &c. and
accordingly those wdio had commodities to sell, advanced
their prices sometimes double to that they cost in England;
so as it grew to a general complaint, which the court taking
knowledge of, as also of some further evils which were
springing out of the excessive rates of wages, they made an
order that carpenters, masons, &c., should take but 2s. the
day and laborers but 18 pence : and that no commodity
should be sold above four pence in the shilling more than it
cost for ready money in England : the evils which were
springing were, 1. many would spend their time idly be-
cause ihsy could get as much in four days as would keep
them a week, 2. they spent much in tobacco and strong
waters, &c., which was a great waste to the Commonwealth,
which by reason of so maiiy foreign commodities expended,
could not have subsisted at this tims but that it was supplied
by the cattle and corn which were sold to new comers at
very dear rates : viz. corn at 6s. the bushel, a cow at £20
yea, at £24, and £26, a mare at £35, an ewe goat £3 or £4.'"
^' J634, Dec. IL One Abigail Gilford, widow, being kepi

BOSTON NOTIONS. Ill

at the charge of the parish of Wilsden in Middlesex, near
London, was sent by Mr. Ball's ship into this country, and
being found to be sometimes distracted, and a very burthen-
some woman, the Gov. and assistants returned her back by
warrant on the 18th, to the same parish, in the ship Rebecca:"
by which record it appears that sending paupers to ihis coun-
try, had commenced at our earliest history; and although the
number sent over to us, have yearly increased to the present
time, it appears they have many more yet left.

'' 1638, June 1. An earthquake at 3 or 4 o'clock, P. M.,
startled the inhabitants of Boston and the country : it came
with a noise like thunder and continued for 3 or 4 minutes.

''Aug. 3, 1638, at midnight a hurricane from the south
west, drove a ship aground at Charlestown and whirled over
a windmill and occasioned other damage : the tide flowed
twice in six hours about Narraganset, and raised the tide 14
or 15 feet higher than the usual spring tides.''

BOSTON MARKETS.

There had been several ineffectual efforts made for estab-
lishing a regular Market in Boston, and again on March 11th,
1734, the town voted, " to choose a committee to think of
' and assign three suitable places for erecting markets and
' the cost and charge thereof. April 24th, in town meeting,
' It is voted and ordered that three places be and hereby are
'at present assigned for the aforesaid market:" and £70
was paid out of the town treasury for building the three mar-
ket houses : " a piece of land in Orange street [Washington]
' over against the house and land of Thomas Dowse there
* measuring 70 feet is pitch'd upon for one of the places :
' That the town's ground or Open Space on the Town Dock
' or Wharf, commonly called Dock Square be another place:
' And that the Open Space before and about the Old North
' Meeting house is fixed upon and determined for the third

112 BOSTON NOTIONS.

'place, where the Market is to be kept and carried on.''
Clerks to each market were appointed : " Ordered, that eve-
' ry Day in the Week except the Lord's Day or other Days
' set apart by this Government for Religious Service, shall be
' a Market Day and that a Bell be daily rung at the Opening
* of the Market, which shall be at liie Rising of the Sun
' through the wdiole Year; from which Hour till the Hour of
' One Post Meridiem^ shall forever hereafter be deemed and
'held Market Hours:" on the 4'Lh of June they were all
opened at the ringing of the bell.

Many persons were greatly dissatisfied with this experi-
ment, and in the course of three years the clerks were dis-
continued : the south end market w-as converted into shops :
the north taken down to be used in building a workhouse,
and that at the tow^n dock was demolished by a mob : the
inhabitants mostly preferring to be supplied by the offerings
of the country people at their own houses.

TAKIUIL HALL.

In 1740. Peter Faneuil, Esq., made an offer to build at
his own expense, a complete edifice on the town's land in
Dock Square : the lower part to be improved "as a market
' house, provided that the town would pass a vote authorizing
' it, and lay the same under the proper regulations as should
' be thought necessary, and constantly support it for the said
' use." On July 14th, a town meeting was held, and a peti-
tion presented w^th 340 signatures, praying the town to ac-
cede to the proposal : a vote of thanks to Mr. F. was passed
unanimously : but when the question was put, whether the
town would authorize the w^ork to go on, there W'ere 360
nays to 367 yeas, being only 7 majority to accept the present
of the Market Building as a gift from its gentlemanly donor :
the work w^as commenced Sept. 8th, and completed in two
years, and the key of said house delivered to the selectmen.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

113

BAST YiJEVT OF FANIUIL MALL.

^m^^^

Sept. lOj 1742. " Whereas information was given to
'this town at their meelino; in July, 1740, that Peter Faneuil
' Esq. had been generously pleased to offer at his own prop-
' er cost and charges, to -erect and build a noble and com-
' plete structure or edifice to be improved for a market for
' the sole use, benefit and advantage of the town, provided
' the town of Boston would pass a vote for that purpose, and
' lay the same under such proper regulations as shall be
' thought necessary, and constantly support it for said use ;
'■ and whereas, at the said meeting it was determined to ac-
' cept of the offer or proposal aforesaid, and also voted that

114 BOSTON NOTIONS.

' the selectmen should be desired to wait upon Peter Faneuil
' Esq. and present the thanks of this town to him, and also to
' acquaint him that the town have by their vote, come to a
' re.^olution to accept of his generous offer of erecting a Mar-
' ket House on Dock Square according to his proposal. And
' whereas Peter Faneuil, Esq. has in pursuance thereof at a
' very great expense, erected a noble structure, far exceed-
' ing his first proposal, inasmuch as it contains not only a
' large and sufficient accommodation for a Market place, but
' has also superadded a spacious and most beautiful Town
' Hall over it, and several other convenient rooms which may
' prove very beneficial to the Town for offices or otherwise,
' And the said building being now finished, has delivered
' possession thereof to the selectmen for the use of the town :
' it is therefore voted, that the town do with the utmost grat-
' itude, receive and accept this most generous and noble
' benefaction for the use and intentions it is designed for,
' and do appoint the Hon. Thomas Gushing [with eleven
' other gentlemen] to wait upon Peter Faneuil, Esq. and in
' the name of the town, to render him their most hearty
' thanks for so bountiful a gift, with their prayers, that this
^ and other expressions of his bounty and charity may be
' abundantly recompensed with the divine blessing."

Another unanimous vote passed, that the Hall should be
in all times hereafter known as Faneuil Hall, and it was also
voted, that a full length painUng of him should be executed
at the town's expense and placed in the hall, and the select-
men were charged with the commission, which was accord-
ingly executed.

The building was of brick, two stories in height and
measured one hundred feet, by forty. It was esteemed one
of the best pieces of workmanship and an ornament to the
town. The hall would contain 1000 persons : On Tuesday
evening, Jan. 13th, 1761, a violent fire broke out from a shop ;

BOSTON NOTIONS. HS

opposite Faneuil Hall on the north side, which consumed all
the row of wooden buildings east, to the swing bridge : they
belonged to the town and were leased to tradesmen. The
whole wood-work of Faneuil Hall building was totally con-
sumed ) nothing was left but the bare walls : the weather
was so extremely cold, people could hardly endure it : the
fire swept over to the south side of the market, and consumed
many of the buildings there : March 23d. the town voted,
to repair the building and the Gen. Court granted a lottery
for the purpose of defraying the expense thereof. The first
meeting held in it after the repairs were made, and of the
original size, was March 14th, 1763. The building was en-
larged in 1805, when ioxty feet more w^as added to its width
by a vote of the citizens, it then being twice the size of the
original building, ground area, and about twenty feet more in
elevation : the Market House then was not large enough for
the applicants for stalls ; a shed was erected on the north
side for the sale of Vegetables, &c. the whole length of tlia
building.

THE NEW FANEUIL HALL MARKET.

On the east of Faneuil Hall and on a line w4th that build-
ing, the present capacious and noble structure was com-
menced building Aug. 20, 1824, on the suggestion and plans
made by the enterprising Mayor of Boston, the Hon. Josiah
Quincy ; it is 535 feet 9 inches in length and 50 feet in width:
the whole built of granite stone ; it has a centre building,
with a dome, elevated 46 feet, entrances to which are on
tlie north and south side : the main entrances to the build-
ing, are on the east and west : the whole floor of the market
is brick, laid in cement : and its area divided into 128 seg-
ments for stalls; 16 for mutton, veal, venison, poultry and
lamb: 23 for pork, butter and poultry; 41 for beef ; 4 for
butter and cheese : 19 for vegetables and 20 for fish.

J

116 BOSTON NOTIONS.

The east and west wings from the centre building, over
the market department, are each divided into two halls, 44
feet and 173 feet in length by 47 wide : the expense of this
great work was over one million of dollars : yet the accumu-
lating fund or surplus accruing from rents, &c. beyond the
legal rate of interest, will cover its cost in a few more years :
the land on vdiich this building stands was mostly reclaim-
ed from the tide waters.

Dec. 9th, 1747, the Town House (State St.) took fire from
the wood work under the hearth, and all of its wooden ma-
terial was consumed ; the following year it was thoroughly
repaired.

March 18th, 1760, Fire destroyed 299 buildings and prop-
erty in Boston, to the loss of quarter of a million of dollars.

BRITISH AGGRESSIONS.

Canada was taken by the British in 1759 from the French,
and the acts of Parliament after that time, wore framed for
more coercion on the trade of the colonies : during the next
year 1760, the mercantile community were harrassed with
the ^' Acts of Trade" as put in execution by the Custom
House Officers, when 58 of the head merchants memorial-
ized the general Court in opposition to the powers of the
Crown and " against granting writs of assistance," to put in
force the " Acts of Trade : " for a trial of the question before
the Supreme Court to grant such powers, James Otis, Jr. Esq.,
being then Advocate General in /.he Court of Admiralty, re-
signed that office under the crown, and espoused the cause
of the merchants to resist the Custom House writs of assist-
ance ; history says, that " he burst forth as with a flame of
fire in the force of his eloquence," which seemed to indicate
that the principles of freedom and independence, were not to
be controlled by kingly power; ^Mhat taxation without re-

BOSTON NOTIONS. 117

presentation was tyranny : ' if they were not to be represented
in Parliament, they would not bear any of the expenses there-
of: Oxenbridge Thacher, Jr. Esq., also exhibited great pow-
ers of learning and eloquence, on the same side ; the court
adjourned to consider the subject ; but at the close of that
term, postponed a decision until the next session.

A final hearing on the subject was had before the Supreme
Court of Judicature, by petition of the Officers of the Customs
for writs of assistance, on the 18th of November; when the
court gave judgment in favor of the pretensions of the Crown
and officers of the Customs.

The enforcing of the Stamp Act, was postponed for one
year; until the King renewed his assent to it, on the 2 2d of
March, 1765 : it consisted of 55 sections. A mutiny Act
was also passed at that time, among other things^ requiring
the colonies to provide for the King's troops, whenever they
were in their vicinity. The Legislature of Virginia was in
session at the time the Stamp Act arrived, and " the noble
Virginians were the first to assert their rights with a decent
firmness, " by adopting the proposition of Patrick Henry to
resist the pretensions of parliment to tax the colonies.

1765, the King signed the Stamp Act of Parliament, laying
a duty or tax of half a penny to twenty shillings, on every
piece of parchment or paper, on which any thing should be
written or printed : Andrew Oliver, Secretary of the
Province, was appointed distributor of the Stamps : on" the
14th of August, at break of day, an effigy of Oliver, "and ^a
Boot, (Lord Bute) with a devil peeping out of it with the
Stamp Act in his hand was discovered suspended on^Liberty
tree, opposite the now Boylston market : business was laid
aside for the day; the officers of the government, could not
appease the ire of the people, who in a large body proceed-
ed to Kilby Street, where a buildhig had been erected by

118 BOSTON NOTIONS.

Oliver, which was supposed to be the intended office for
distributing the stamps, and instantly demolished it, bear-
ing on their shoulders a portion of its ruins to Fort Hill ;
there made a bonfire with it, in full view of Oliver's house,
and burnt his efhgy upon it : Mr. Oliver was thereby indu-
ced to declare that he would not attempt, directly or indirect-
ly, to introduce any of the King's Stamps into the market.

A change in the British Ministry soon repealed the obnox-
ious law, and on the receipt of said glad tidings. May 16,
1766, the Town bells were rang, Liberty tree hung with
lamps ; fire works were every where sent off, the air was
filled with rockets; the ground covered with serpents, and
in the evening a magnificient pyramid was erected on
the common with 280 lighted lamps ; these rejoicings
were ushered in by subscriptions for releasing all prisoners
for debt, that all should partake in the general rejoicings
of the Liberty Boys.

On Monday, August 26, 1766, some boys began to light a
bonfire in front of the Town House, which was a signal for
mischief; and before dark, a great number of people gathered
and sang out " Liberty and Property," and soon beset a
house tenanted by Mr. Paxton, marshal of the Admiralty
Court, and also Surveyor of the Port : the owner of the house
was in front of it and informed them that Mr. Paxton had
left the |)remises with his efTects, and to save his property he
invited them to drink a barrel of punch at the next tavern,
which was accepted by the multitude : after that, they went
to the house of Mr. Storey, Register-deputy of the Admiralty,
opposite the north corner of the State or Town House, and
staved it to pieces, took out all the books and papers, Records
of the Admiralty ; carried them to Fort-hill, and there fed the
Liberty flame or bonfire, with those parlimentary paper
shackles : they then visited the house of Mr. Hallowell,
comptroller of the Customs ; broke into it, and destroyed or
•arried off, every thing of any value.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 119

The Lieut. Governor not considering himself a party in the
Stamp act or Custom House concerns, thought himself safe
from their fury ; but while he was at supper, he was ap-
prised that the mob had him in special remembrance : he
sent his children away, determining to tarry in the house
himself ; but his eldest daughter returned, and declared she
would stay there with her father ; when he prudently left the
building : the mob soon entered and made diligent search
and enquiry for him ; everything in the house they destroy-
ed or carried off; with £1000 sterling in specie, a great quan-
tity of family plate, large and valuable collections of manu-
scripts and original papers, which he had been collecting
through a long life; with contributions from others, relating
to the policy and features of the country from its earliest set-
tlement by Europeans; all were destroyed : as for the house
itself, they worked hard three hours for the destruction of
its cupola ; and the rest of that night at disfiguring every
part of that noble edifice, which stood fronting the north
square : the next day, money, plate, rings, &c. w^ere pick-
ed up in the streets, dropped by those freebooters ; the loss
of property in this attack, was about ten thousand dollars.

The anniversary of the Popish or Gunpowder plot, which
was to have taken effect on the 5th. of Nov. 1685, in London,
was celebrated in this colony, in 1765, by firing cannon,
shows of pageantry, effigies representing Tyranny, Oppres-
sion, Popery, Slavery and the Devil ; at noon, they brought
their effigies on stages, from the north and south parts of
the town, and met in King (State) Street ; a pledge of un-
ion was established between the two parties, in a formal
manner ; closing with loud huzzas ; they then exchanged
routes, the south portion, paraded through the north part of
the town, and the north through the south, returning to King
Street, the whole proceeded to the Liberty Tree, and from
thence to Copp's Kill ; a bonffre v-^s made, and the whole

J*

150 BOSTON NOTIONS,

pageantry or effigies of Popery, Tyranny, and the devil, was
committed to the flames.

Stamped Paper. To relieve the merchants in some meas-
ure from the difficulties created by the Stamp act, the Cus-
tom House officers gave a certificate to vessels for foreign
ports, that no stamped papers could be had in Boston : with
this paper, and a wish to contest the right of the crown to
pass such a law, John Hancock despatched the ship Boston
Packet for London in Nov. 1765, which was received in that
port without any difficulty.

February 20, 1766, was fixed on for burning a stamped
paper, in all the principal towns through the colonies : in
Boston, effigies of Bute and Granville, in full court dress
were added to the flames.

On the 24th. a vessel arrived from Jamaica whh a stamp-
ed clearance : the sons of liberty wrote an order to one of
their fraternity, "to demand in their name this mark of Cre-
ole slavery : " her captain was sought for, and found at the
custom house ; the order was shown to him and he gave up
the document : they hoisted it on a pole paraded it through
the streets to the Town House ; there put it in the stocks,
and at one o'clock removed it to the middle of the street and
get fire to it; the executioner exclaiming, ' behold the smoke
ascend to heaven, to witness between the Isle of Britian and
an injured people ;' three cheers were then given by a vast
multitude, and the people then dispersed.

Gov. Bernard was suspected of privately favoring the
Stamp act and other measures, for coercing the colonies, al-
though he formally disavowed having any thing to do in
those matters ; the house of Representatives, May 28, 1766,
elected James Otis as their speaker, which the Gov. disap-
proved of, and Mr. Gushing was substituted for him ; this
arbitrary act of his, was met by a retaliation on the part of the
house, br leaving out from the Council list, the Lieut. Gov..

BOSTON NOTIONS. 121

Secretary of State, Judges and Attorney General ; all of
whom having been of the council the previous year, thus, a
spirit of oppugnation was reciprocally fomented.

A new demand from the Ministry, that compensation
should be made to all those who suffered by the riots of the
24th. and 26th. of Aug. was complied with by a resolve of
the Legislature.

Accompanying the repeal of the stamp act, Parliament re-
solved, that they had the right to make laws of sufficient
force and validity to bind the colonies and people of Ameri-
ca, subject to the crown of Great Britain in all cases what-
ever, which the people of these colonies were determined
to resist.

On the 25th. of Nov. 1766, a large transport-ship with
troops bound for Quebec, was obliged by the weather to put
into Boston ; provision for them was made by the Govern-
or, under the force of the munity act : on the 24th. of May,
1767, twenty-seven recruits were brought in and their ofRcer
demanded quarters to be provided for them, which was also
complied with.

July, 1767, a duty on Tea, Glass, and Colors, of three
pence per pound, was laid by Parliament: the preamble to it
■ stating, that these taxes were for the support of the govern-
ment of the colonies, the Crown intending to grant salaries
to the Governor and judges, and to determine the amount
thereof; and another clause vv^as for appointing a permanent
administration of the customs, and designated Boston as its
head quarters : whereupon the people resolved to encourage
the use and consumption of all articles raised or manufactur-
ed in the colonies and not to purchase any of the enumerat-
ed articles imported from abroad ; at funerals, not to use any
gloves but of colonial manufacture, or purchase any new ar-
ticles for such an occasion but those absolutely necessary.

122 BOSTON NOTIONS.

Nov. 1767, two of the five new commissioners for the cus-
toms arrived in Boston, Feb. 11, 1768, the House of Rep-
resentatives addressed a circular to each of the speakers of
other Legislatures in the colonies, on the subject of their
grievances, and among them the commissioning these men
as a great stretch of power, and alarming to the liberties of
the people.

March 18, being the anniversary of the repeal of the
Stamp act, and celebrated as a day of rejoicing, some boys
in the evening paraded the streets and repaired to the house
of the inspector general ; they w^ere received with such gen-
tleness and suavity of manners, aided with the interpositions
of his neighbors, that they retired without doing any mis-
chief: on the 10th. of June, the custom house officers seiz-
ed a sloop belonging to John Hancock, at his wharf, used as
a store-ship for articles which he had no room for in his stores;
they made signal to the British man-of-war Romney, in the
stream, when boats were manned from her and when they
arrived, the sloop's fastenings were cut and she was carried
oil and anchored under the guns of the Romney ; some of
the people pelted the collector, the comptroller and the col-
lector's son, with stones ; and broke some windows in the
comptroller's dwelling, but with the advice of some more
prudent men they did no further damage.

Sailors and laborers were afraid of being impressed
on board the Romney, and they made a search for a boat
from her, and on their way met the inspector whom they at-
tacked ; broke his sword and tore his clothes ; as tfi.ey could
not find any frigate's boat, they seized the pleasure boat of
the collector, drew it through the streets huzzaing all the
way to the common ; there set it on fire and burnt it to ash-
es; they then broke several windows in the house of the
collector, and also of the inspector general : several cases of
aggravated impre^smant had already occjiTcd, and one was

BOSTON NOTION*. 12J

accomplished on Saturday eve following the above events.

The business of the town being in some measure ruined
by the coercions oi Parliament laws and the agents of the
Crown, raised among the people such a high spirit of re-
sentment, that the commissioners with their officers, and
the collector and comptroller, thought it the better part of
valor to go on board the Romney.

On Monday, a notification was issued, calling on '^ the sons
of liberty" to meet at Liberty Hall, on Tuesday at 10 A. M.
This notice for a meeting, allayed the fury of the greatly ex-
cited people ; on Tuesday morning, colors were waving over
the Tree of Liberty, and at the appointed hour, vast numbers
of the inhabitants had assembled, but as the streets were un-
comfortably wet, they adjourned to Faneuil Hall ; then it
was proposed to have a legal meeting called, which vv^as im-
mediately done by the selectmen, to be holden that day at
3 P. M.; at that time, so many more had gathered together
than the hall could contain, they adjourned to the Old South
meeting house ; there a petition to the Governor was unan-
imously adopted, a committee of twenty one appointed to pre-
sent it : after a strong declaration of their rights and a me-
morial of their injuries, they added "the town is at this cri-
'sis in a situation, nearly such as if war was formally declared
' against it : to contend with our parent state is in our idea
' the most shocking and dreadful extremity : but tamely to
' relinquish the only security we and our posterity retain of
' the enjoyment of our lives and properties, without one
' struggle, is so humiliating and base that we cannot sup-
' port the reflection. We apprehend, Sir, that it is at your op-
' tion, in your power, and we hope in your inclination, to
' prevent this distressed and justly incensed people from ef-
^ feeling too much, and from the shame and reproach of at-
* tempting too litde. /

Gov. Bernajd received the deputation with politeness, but

124 BOSTON NOTIONS.

to the request in their petition, for him to order the frigate
out of Boston harbour, he had not any competent authority :
her commander, (Capt. Corner) was thereby induced to give
public notice, that he would not press any man belonging to,
or married in the province, or any one belonging to the
trade along shore, or to the neighboring colonies.

The Legislature being in session, the town instructed its
representatives to support equally as strong measures as
were asserted in their petition of the 13th. of June ; but on
the 1st. of July, the House of Representatives was prorogued
by order of the Governor, in consequence of their refusal to
rescind or disavow their circular, addressed to the other prov.
inces, Feb. 11. and this measure was in compliance with the
late received order from the British ministry.

On the 1st. of August, 1768, two hundred and eleven mer-
chants of Boston, agreed, that for one year from Jan. 1, 1769,
they would not order any goods or merchandize from Eng-
land, except coals, salt and some few articles necessary for
the fisheries ; or import tea, glass, paper or colovs, " until
' the acts imposing duties on those articles are repealed. '

That same month, some difficulty occurred between the
crew of the ship Romney and the people, in which the lat-
ter triumphed, and drove the miscreants from the town.

These proceedings furnished Gen, Gage, (who command-
ed all the ^king's forces in the colonies,) with sufficient pre-
tence for supplying Boston with a goodly portion of his ar-
my ; this intention of the General, was known in July, but
not made certain till September, and on the 12th. of that
month, a tovni meeting was held in Faneuil Hall ; a com-
mittee of seven appointed to wait on the Governor, -'and re-
quest him to communicate to them the reasons for which
troops w^ould be ordered here," and another committee was
appointed to request him forthwith to convene the House of
Representatives ; his Excellency replied, that his information

BOSTON NOTIONS. 125

respecting the troops was only of a private nature, and that
of calling together the Representatives, v^^as then before the
King, and he could do nothing without his Majesty's com-
mands.

But the people of Boston did not choose to wait for his
majesty's determination ; they met again the next day, and

* chose a suitable number of persons, to act for them as a
' committee in convention; with such as may be sent to join
^ them from the several tovms in this province; in order that
' such measures may be consulted and advised, as his majes-
' ty's service and the peace and safety of his subjects in the
' provinces may require;' and a vote as follows, was passed;
^ as there is at this time, a prevailing apprehension of ap-
^ proaching war with France, every inhabitant be requested
' to provide himself with a well fixed firelock, musket, ac-
' courtrements and ammunition, as the law requires,'

A circular, was forthwith addressed 1o the several towns,
and on Thursday, Sept. 22d. upwards of seventy delegates
appeared from sixty towns, and districts, which encreased
to upwards of one hundred, from ninety eight towns and dis-
tricts ; James Otis, S. Adams, J. Hancock, and Gushing,
were members from Boston ; Mr. Gushing was chosen chair-
man ; their debates and proceedings were open ; their first
business, was a petition to the Governor to call the general
assembly together, but his excellency ' begged to be excus-
' ed from receiving a message from that assembly, which is
'■ called a committee of convention, for that would be to ad-
' mit it to be a legal assembly, which I can by no means al-
' low; " on the same day, his Excellency sent a message,
but without any signature, stating his opinion " that the con-
' vention, to all intents and purposes, was an assembly of the
' representatives of the people," and therefore he added,

* I do earnestly admonish you, that instantly, and before
' you do any business, you break up this assembly and sep-

126 BOSTON NOTIONS,

arate yourselves." This message was ordered to be return-
ed to the Secretary of State by a vote, and the next day it
was sent in with the signature of Fra. Bernard attached to it.
On Saturday the convention transmitted a message to the
Governor by way of answer which he refused to receive ;
the convention continued their sittings daily till the 29th.
during which time they adopted a letter to Dennys De Berdt
royal agent of the province at London ; and published the
result of their conferences and consultations in which they
declared their allegiance to the King, their abhorrence of ri-
ots, and their determination to yield all assistance to the civ-
il magistrates towards suppressing them ; and also declared
their rights by charter and by nature, and their humble de-
pendence on their generous Sovereign that their wrongs would
be speedily redressed.

It is probable that this convention effected all that could
be accomplished at that time, and perhaps it was fortunate
that they closed their deliberations on the 29th. for the day
previous, six of his Majesty's ships of war from Halifax, came
to anchor in Nantasket, and his Ex. might have asserted the
prerogative of the Crown in a more public manner: on Fri-
day, Sept. 30, the ships of war, armed schooners, transports,
&c., came up and anchored around the town; their cannon
loaded and springs on their cables, as if for a regular seige :
tlie next day, Oct. 1st., at noon, the 14th. and 29th. Regi.
ments, a detachment from the 59th. and a train of artillery
with two cannon, landed on Long Wharf and the whole
marched up through King (State) St., each soldier having
sixteen rounds of powder and shot.

Various disputes arose about quarters for such a lot of
troops ; the council maintaining not only, that they were not
obliged by law, but that they were forbidden by law from
quartering them on the town while the barracks at Castle Is-
land were not filled : vet some of them were lodced in thje

BOSTON NOTlOis!!. 127

Town-house, some in Faneuil Hall and some in stores : the
town was thus overawed by the mercenary force of his IMaj-
esty's regular troops.

By the 6th. of October, the use of Tea was proscribed ; 200
families in Boston agreed to abstain from the use of it ; other
towns followed the example : the students of Harvard Uni-
versity resolved, " with a spirit becoming Americans to use
'no more of that pernicious herb:"' and so little demand
was there for tea in Boston, that considerable quantities were
shipped off.

Amusements that would at any other time have been par-
taken of with joy and hilarity were at that time avoided :
some ofhcers of the Crown circulated a proposal for a series
of dancing assemblies, but out of their own limited circle,
they could not obtain the presence of any ladies, for the
women of Boston refused to join in any show of gaiety and
pleasure while their country was oppressed and mourning.

Nov. 10th. several Transports arrived from Cork, having
part of the 64th. and 65th. Regiments : and a notice in the
News Letter, stated, '^we hear the honorable the commis-
'■ sioners leave Castle V/illiam this week : preparations are
^ making to hold their board in town at Concert Hall, as
'• heretofore. "

On Monday, Jan. 30, 1769, the jail took fire, the prisoners
were all taken out ; it continued to burn through the night
and left but the bare walls standing : the military in this
case assisted and also took charge of the prisoners.

It was currently reported in Boston that the occurrences of
the Town were represented in England in an unfavorable
light : the selectmen made a call upon Gov. Bernard to
communicate to them such representation of facts as he
had sent to England, and at the annual meeting m March,
the Town addressed a most loyal petition to the King, setting
forth their grievances and in the most affecting strains beg-
k

128 BOSTOK NOTIONS.

giiig his protection against their rulers and oppressors.

When the annual time for the choice of representatives
arrived, the selectmen waited on Gen. Mackay, commander
of the British troops in Boston with a request that he would
order them out of the Town on the day of the election : the
General declared that to be out of his power, but he would
confine them within their barracks.

The electors met on May 5th. but before proceeding to
business entered on their records a declaration of their rights
and a protest that their proceeding to an election under such
circumstances as wholly from necessity and not to be consid-
ered as a precedent for any time hereafter, or to be constru-
ed as a voluntary receding from the incontrovertible rights
of British subjects and freeholders on so interesting an affair :
the next day Otis, Gushing, Hancock and Adams were cho-
sen with nearly a unanimous vote ; the result showing that
one general sentiment pervaded the town at that time.

When the Legislature met they refused to proceed to busi-
ness in the Town-house, other than for a choice of council-
lors and officers, unless the fleet and army were removed
from the town and harbor : after waiting a fortnight for their
removal the Governor adjourned them to Cambridge : there
they passed votes of censure on his conduct : they also pass-
ed a petition to the King for his removal, and on the next
day, June 28lh. he informed them that he v/as ordered to at-
tend upon the King to lay before him the state of the prov-
ince : he left Boston, July 31st. and Lieut. Gov. Hutchinson
officiated in his stead.

The controversies between the people and the crown be-
came as frequent as their intercourse, and every mind was
enlisted in the cause of his neighbor, and an attack on the
fame of James Otis occasioned the greatest degree of ex-
citement and resentment : his name had been introduced in-
to some paper of the commissioners of the Customs in an q>

BOSTON NOTIONS. 129

fensive manner and in return he published the names of
four of them, as being no more worthy of credit than Sir
Francis Bernard.

The next evening, Sept. 5th. IMr. Otis went to the British
Coffee House, situated where the Massachusetts Bank now
stands : one of the published officers was there in company
with some officers of the Army and Navy : an altercation
immediatety took place and Mr. Olis was struck with a cane
which was returned with a similar weapon ; the lights were
then put out, and Otis was single handed contending with
many of the king's officers : a young man passing by en-
tered the house and took the part of Olis, but he was beaten
and put into the street ; after some time the combatants
were separated and Otis was led home, wounded and bleed-
ing.

]\Ir. Otis commenced an action at court against his assault-
er and obtained a verdict of £2000 sterling as damages, but
which he refused to accept, on receiving from him a suita-
ble apology.

Oct. 1769, the town published an appeal to the world and
a vindication of Boston from the aspersions of Bernard and
others.

Jan. 1770. The merchants renewed their agreement
not to import British goods : they held meetings at Faneuil
Hall and appointed committees to examine into the truth of
any reports of those who were not faithful to their agreement;
the names of several were reported and ordered to be pub-
lished : Lieut. Gov, Hutchinson sent a message by the Sher-
iff to one of their meetings, enjoining and requiring them
to separate and disperse without delay : after a calm delib-
eration of the message, it Avas a unanimous vote to proceed,
and a written answer was returned, stating that in the opin-
ion of the meeting it was warranted by law.

Theophilus Lillie kept a shop near the new Brick in Plan-

130 BOSTON NOTIONS.

over Street, and was one of the faithless importers, and on
the 22d. of Feb. some persons erected a large wooden head
on a pole near his place, on which was carved several faces
of other importers : E.Richardson (an informer) wished some
of the teamsters from the country to run the pole down with
their carts, but knowing the design of the images being erect-
ed they refused : Richardson seized the bridle of the for-
ward horse, yet failed to guide the team against the pole,
on which the boys shouted, Avhich he resented : they pelted
him with dirt and drove him into his house : a number of
people gathered and high words were exchanged between
R. and the multitude and then stones flew in every direction
from both parties ; at length R. discharged a musket from
his door and another from his window, when one young man
Avas severely injured and a lad, Christopher Snider, was
killed.

The Bells of the town were set to ringing and a vast col-
lection of people hastened to the spot : Richardson and one
Wilmot were seized and carried to Faneuil Hall and then
committed to prison : the friends of liberty were invited to
attend the last ceremonies to " this little hero and first mar-
' tyr to the noble cause.'"'

On Monday, Feb. 26th, the funeral moved from bis fath-
er's house in Boylston Street ; from four to five hundred
school bo}'S preceded the corpse and six of his play-fellows
supported the pall ; the relatives followed ; then thirteen
hundred inhabitants on foot, closing with thirty chariots and
other carriages.
J The morning papers of the 5th. of March gave a particular
account of these transactions and also of several quarrels
between the soldiers and citizens : the officers were appre-
hensive of more difficulties and were active to get their men
into their barracks before night : the 14th. regiment was
quartered in Brattle St. where the City Hotel now stands :

BOSTON NOTIONS. 131

the 29th. regiment \vas quartered in Atkinson and Water
Streets : as a measure of precaution, a sentinel was placed
in the alley fronting the barracks in Brattle Street and this
circumstance led to a quarrel which produced the memora-
ble '• Boston Massacre :" three or four young men were dis-
posed to pass through the alley at about 9 o'clock in the
evening and saw the sentinel brandishing his sword and
striking fire with it from the brick buildings; they oiiered to
pass him and were challenged, but they persisted in their
attempt and one of them was slightly wounded on the head:
the noise drew some fifteen or t\venty persons to the spot
and thirty or forty gathered in Dock Square, who attempted
to force their way through Brattle Street to the Barracks,
which Street was so narrow at that time that it was difficult
for a carriage to pass through : they were disappointed in
this attempt : the part}" gained strength in the square and
were addressed for a few minutes by a tall man (probably
Samuel Adams) wearing a red cloak, with a white wig, and
when he ceased, they gave three cheers and hallooed for
the main guard. The main guard was stationed at the front
south-door of the Town-house : their comm^ander for the day
was Thomas Preston, and Basset, as Lieut. : as the citizens
dispersed, some through Washington Street, some Wilson's
Lane and some through Exchange Street, the last named
party saw a sentinel at the door of the Custom house, the
spot on which the Merchants' Bank now is, and as the sen-
tinel was approached, he retreated up the steps and aave
two or three loud knocks at the door to alarm the inmates :
notice was sent to Lieut. Basset, that the sentinel was attack-
ed ; he sent a message to his Captain, who instantly repair-
ed to the guard house : Basset informed the Capt, he had
just ordered a sergeant and six men to assist the sentry :
well said the Capt., '' I will follow and see they do no mis-
chief; '■ he overtook them before the}- reached the Custom

132 BOSTON NOTIONS.

house and formed them on a half circle round the steps.

By this time, the bells of the town ^yere ringing and peo-
ple flocked from all quarters, supposing it was for fire : the
soldiers were soon surrounded by the people, some of whom
were armed with clubs and crowded pretty close upon the
soldiery : those at a distance threw billets of wood at them,
snowballs and pieces of ice, and daring them to fire : the
soldiers heard or thought they heard an order to fire ; and in
succession, from right to left, they fired on the people ; two
or three guns flashed in the pan, but all the rest were effec-
tive : Crispus Attucks, (a mulatto) Samuel Gray and James
Caldwell were killed on the spot : Samuel Maverick died
the next morning and Peter Carr the following Wednesday ;
several more were slightly wounded.

The populace instantly retreated, leaving the dead on the
field : all this transpired in twenty minutes from Preston's
joining the guard. '' On the people's assembling again,"
said Capt. P. '^ to take away the dead bodies, the soldiers
' supposing them coming again to attack them, were making
' ready to fire again, which I prevented by striking up their
' firelocks with my hand ; immediately after, a townsman
' came with information that 4 or 5000 people were assem-
' bled in the next street, and had sworn to take my life and
'every man's with me; I judged it unsafe to remain there
' any longer and therefore sent the party and the sentinel to
' the main guard, where the street is narrow and short, then
' telling them off into street firings, divided and planted them
' at each end of the street, to secure their rear, expecting an
^ attack, as there was a constant cry of the inhabitants, ''to
' arms, to arms, turn out with your guns," and the town
' drums beat to arms. I ordered my drum to beat to arms,
' and being soon after joined by several companies of the
' 29th. regiment, I formed them as the guard into street fir-
' ings : the 14th regiment also, got under arms, but remained

BOSTON NOTION?. 133

' at their barracks : I immediately sent a sergeant with a par-
^ ty to Col. Dalrymple, the commanding officer, to acquaint
' him with every particular : several officers going to join
'■ their regiment, were knocked down by the mob ; one was
'■ much wounded and his sword taken from him : the Lieut.
' Gov. and Col. Carr, soon after met at the head of the 29th.
'■ regiment and agreed that the regiment should retire to their
' barracks and the people to their houses : but I kept the
'■ piquet to strengthen the guard : it was with great difficulty
'■ that the Lient. Gov. prevailed on the people to be quiet and
' retire : at last they all went ofT except about an hundred : "
this hundred were some of the most influential citizens, who
volunteered to form a citizens guard.

A justice's court was immediately held, and Capt. Preston
was committed to prison a 3 o'clock A. M., and the eight
soldiers early in the forenoon: at 11 o'clock, March 6th, a town
meeting was held : many persons related what they knew of
the proceedings of the past night: a committee of fifteen was
appointed to wait on Col. Dalrymple and ^' express to him the
-* sentiments of the town, that it was impossible for the citi-
■^ zens and soldiers to live in safety together, and their fervent
^ prayer for the immediate removal of the troops :" an answer
%vas received bnt it was not such as they desired, and in the
afternoon seven of the previous fifteen, viz : John Hancock,
Samuel Adams, Wm. Mollineux, Wm. Phipps, Jos. Warren,
Joshua Henshaw and Samuel Pemberton were deputed with
the following message, ''It is the unanimous opinion of this
^ meeting, that the reply made to a vote of the inhabitants
^ presented his Hon. this morning is by no means satisfac-
' tory ; and that nothing less will satisfy them than a total
'■ and immediate removal of the troops." Mr. Adams acted
as chairman and discharged his duties with approved alnlity.

Col. Dalrymple was at the side of Lieut. Gov. Hutchinson,
at the head of the council : he a! first assumed that he had

134 BOSTON NOTIONS.

not power to remove the troops, but Adams in a few words
plainly showed to him that he had that power by the charter :
he then consulted with the Col. in whispers ; and. the result
was, that he would remove the 29th regiment, which had no
part in the massacre : at that critical moment Adams stretch-
ed forth his arm as if it was upheld by the strength of thou-
sands, and with energetic promptness and manly firmness
said " If the Lieut. Gov. or Col. Dalrymple, or both together,
^ have authority to remove one regiment, they have authori-
' ty to remove two : and nothing short of the total evacuation
' of the town, by all the regular troops, will satisfy the pub-
' lie mind or preserve the peace of the province."

The officers, both civil and military, were abashed at the
presence of this plain committee from a democratic assem-
bly : they saw the imminent danger impending on refusing
their request : they then lost and fortunately lost all their
previous bombast and arrogance : their reliance on a stand-
ing army vanished before the undaunted irresistible reso-
lutions of unarmed citizens.

Hutchinson consulted with the council, who gave him un-
qualified advice to remove the troops out of town : and Col.
Dalrymple, pledged his word of honor that the request of
the town should be complied with as soon as practicable,
and in two weeks they were all sent to Fort Independence.

The funeral solemnities which took place on the 8th of
March, 1770, brought together a greater number of citizens
than had ever assembled on any one occasion in America :
the body of Attucks and Caldwell (both strangers) were
borne from Faneuil Hall : young Maverick, aged 17, from
his mother's house in Union street, and Gray, from his broth-
er's in Exchange street ; the four hearses formed in State
street and from thence the procession moved in columns of
six deep, to the middle burying ground, where they were
deposited in one grave.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 135

The trial of Richardson and Wihnot was had in April : the
first was found gnilty of murder but Wilmot was cleared :
The Lieut. Gov. considered the case of Richardson so evi-
dently that of justifiable homicide, he refused to sign his
death warrant : and after two years imprisonment he was
pardoned by the King.

The Parliament session of this spring (1770) rescinded all
duties on every article of merchandise except Tea, and
the English merchants supposing that this measure would at
once break up the confederation of the American traders not to
import any foreign goods, they ventured to 'send quantities of
the prescribed article which arrived the latter part of April :
the Bostonians were not willing for any compromise on the
principles of taxation, and on the first intimation of their de-
sign, new resolutions were drawn up and the agreement
signed by all the ladies, not to drink any tea (except in case
of sickness) so long as any tax should be levied on it : some
cargoes of tea had just arrived and nothing would satisfy the
public mind short of its being all returned : Mr. John Han-
cock offered one of his vessels, freight free, for that purpose:
she w^as loaded with quick despatch and carried back to the
consigners in London, the condemned and rejected w^eed.

On the 19th of June, an importer by the name of McMas-
ters doing business at the corner of Devonshire and State
street, having sold tea and broad-cloth to the tories and arms
and ammunition to the whigs, or as best suited his interest,
was forcibly taken and carted thro' the heat of the day from
the south end,with a bag of feathers and a tar barrel at his side
to State street, where he was exposed to public view, pre-
paratory to besmearing him with the one article and coating
that with the other: but as he drew near to the spot, the color
left his lips, his eyes sank, and he was about falling down
when some gentlemen took compassion on him and were al-
lowed to take him into a house : by administring some cor-

136 BOSTON NOTIONS.

dial he recovered : when they seated him in a chair iii a
cartj and drove to the Roxbury line ; there dismissed him
with loud huzzas, with a charge never to be caught in Bos-
ton again.

The trial of Capt. Preston was had in October : he w^as de-
fended with great ability by John Adams and Josiah Quincy,
Jr. Esqrs., and acquitted : the soldiers were tried Dec, 8th:
six of them rendered not guilty, and Matthew Killroy and
Hugh Montgomery guilty of manslaughter ; on which the
two were slightly branded, and the whole then sent to Castle
Island : those w^ho bore upon their limbs the scars from,
wounds made on the 5th of March, and those who mourned
the loss of friends thought that those soldiers well deserved
death, but at this date we can but jejoice in the result as an
honorable triumph as that of mercy over violence and re -
venge.

The 5th of March was a day of celebration for the 13 fol-
lowing years, viz : from 1770 to 1783 inclusively, by an ora-
tion, tolling the bells, &c, &c.

The general court for 1771, was ordered to convene in
Cambridge, and the Lieut. Gov. could not be persuaded to
adjourn them to Boston : March 8th, a commission was re-
ceived promoting Lieut. Gov. Hutchinson to the office of
Governor : on the 3d. of April he met the court at Cambridge:
they appointed a committee to wait on him with a verbal
message, requesting him to remove the court to its ancient
and legal seat in Boston : this " he declined to do, Avhile
' the house denied the King's right to order the court to be
' held where he thought proper." A controversy was often held
on this topic which served only to render the Gov. an object
of public odium, and this was rendered stronger by a pro-
clamation from him, for aid and relief to a recruiting party
which reached Boston, April 29th, to enlist in his majesty's
service ; for this movement was understood in no other light

BOSTON NOTIONS. 137

than a pretext for keeping a military guard in town for the
services of the ofHcers of the Crown : at a ball given by Mrs.
Gambia, wife of the commander of the naval force on this
station Jmie 4th, (the King's birth-day) at Concert Hall,
these soldiers were there stationed as guard.

The general coart, this year 1771, was obliged again to as-
sem.ble in Cambridge : it had been decided in England that
the salary of the Gov. should be paid by the Crown ,and thus
be made independent of the people : this step alarmed the
people and their indignation was expressed in unequivocal
terms : " We know," said the H. of R., on one occasion,
' of no commissioners' of his majesty's customs, nor of any
' revenue, his majesty has a right to establish in North Amer-
' ica." Heretofore, the complaints of aggressions and of
power were directed against the Parliament, but here it was
personally against the King.

The Massachusetts Spy, had been issued about one year
in Boston : published by Mr, ' Isaiah Thomas, and at this
time, Nov. 14th, 1771, was the boldest assertor of the rights
of the colonies ; an indictment for a prosecution of Mr. T.
was attempted, but was not successful : early in 1772, a tory
writer made public his sentiments in thiswise, " the dispute
between the kingdom and colonies has ceased every where
' except in this province ; ive are now left in the lurch — eve-
' ry other colony has made its peace:" he, "exhorted the
'■ people to lay aside their animosities and submit like chil-
' dren to parental authority : " Gov. H. conveyed similar
sentiments in his messages to the general court : partizans
on the opposite side were positive to the contrary : they as-
serted, '' the colonies will soon put in practice theiv meditated
' plan of the United Provinces and form an independent com-
^ monwealth." /

James Oils, ^sq., was this year member of the General
CiOurt, for the last time : his inhrmities had increased : and

138 BOSTON KOTIOAS.

he withdrew soon h'om public life : he died at Aiidover,
May 23d. 1783.

This year, 1772, the King decreed that the salaries of the
judges should be paid by the Crown: as soon as this was
known a town meeting was called, and adjourned from time
to time until Nov. 2d, when a committee of twenty-one was
formed for a correspondence with the other colonies, for the
assertion and maintainance of their rights ; and to make
known the infringements and violations that had at various
times been made upon them : this committee reported to the
tov\^n, on the 19tli of Nov. with an elaborate declaration of
tlieir rights and with a lucid statement of the violations on
them, when 600 copies were ordered to be printed and dis-
tributed together with a circular to every town in the prov-
ince.

These measures on the part of the whigs disconcerted the
equanimity of the Gov., for in his message of Jan. 6th, 1773,
he made serious notice of it, and, condemned the towns who
should unite in those sentiments ; which drew from the Re-
presentatives, the following retort : " notwithstanding all the
' terrours which your Ex. has depicted to us " as the effects of
' a total independence, there is more reason to dread the con-
' sequences of absolute, uncontrolled powder, whether of a
'nation or a monarch, than those of a total independence."

For extending the plan of Union, the town instructed their
representatives, as follows ; '' we recommend to your seri-
' ous consideration, whether an application to the English
' colonies on this continent, correspondent to the plan propos-
' ed by our noble patriotic sister colony of Virginia (which
' in our opinion is a wise and salutary proposal) will not
' secure our threatened liberties, and restore that mutual har- ,
' mony and confidence between the British nation and the
' E igiish colonies so important to both, especially the form-
' er which if rescinded from her connexion with this con-

BOSTON NOTIONS. 139

' linent, must eventually fall a prey to her numerous and
'jealous neighbors."

The Virginia resolves by their House of Burgesses, passed
on the 12th of March, and in accordance with those views;
the Massachusetts House of Representatives May 28th, ap-
pointed a committee of fifteen of their members, whose busi-
ness would be ''to obtain the most early and authentic in-
' telligence of all such acts and resolutions of the British
' Parliament or proceedings of administrations, as may relate
' to, or affect the British Colonies in America; and to keep up
' and maintain a correspondence and communication with
' our sister colonies respecting these important considerations
' and the result of their proceedings from time to time to
' lay before the house."

June 2d. The galleries of the H. R., being cleared, Mr.
Adams made a disclosure that Messrs. Hutchinson, Oliver,
Paxton, Auchmuty and some others had written letters to
England on their long maintained and favorite design for in-
troducing arbitrary power into these colonies ; which letters
were obtained in England by Dr. Franklin, and forwarded to
Mr. Bowdoin : in consequence of these developements, the
House passed a vote of censure on Hutchinson and Oliver,
and concluded with a petition to the King for the removal of
both from their offices.

Although the resolutions of the Americans not to pay a
tax on tea, or to use it if from Great Britain, continued in full
force, there was considerable quantity of the article consum-
ed here : much of it came from Holland at a less price than
from England and which was generally smuggled : not a
chest in 500 had been seized during the then past three
years : the custom house officers seeming unwilling to run
the risk of a seizure.

The East I. Co. ascertained that the net profit on Tea
which might be used here would amount to nearly 200.000
1

140 BOSTON NOTIONS.

dollars annually and obtained a license from the Crown Aug.
20th, 1773, to export a quantity of the article to the colonies,
free from any custom house duties there, but with an under-
standing that they would pay the 3 pence per lb. at the cus-
tom houses in the colonies : as soon as this was promulgated^
some American merchants then in London petitioned for the
privilege of receiving the consignments, or for furnishing
vessels to convey the tea : four Boston houses obtained that
privilege : these facts were known in Boston early in Octo-
ber, and caucus meetings were held in various parts of the
town to consult and conclude on something for defeating the
plans of the East I. Co. On Tuesday morning Nov. 2d. at 1
o'clock, A. M., Richard Clark and Sons, were awakened by
a loud knocking at their dwelling in School street, and a let-
ter was delivered to them requiring them to appear at the
Liberty Tree on Vv^'ednesday at 12 o'clock to make a public
resignation of their commission as consignees of the Tea : on
Tuesday a notification was spread broad-cast, calling on the
freemen of this and other towns to attend and witness the re-
signation : on Wednesday the town bells rang from 11 to 12
o'clock, and the town crier went through the streets notify-
ing the people to assemble : about 500 persons collected, but
the said consignees did not appear : a committee of eight
persons was then and there appointed to expostulate with
them on the high insult they had done to the people, and to
demand their signature to a paper obligating themselves not
to land or to pay any duty on Tea sent to the colony by the
E. L Co. the assembly accompanied the committee to the
Messrs. Clark's Store in State street, where the whole five
consignees had assembled and delivered their message and
awaited an answer, but which when received was not deemed
satisfactory, when some indignities were offered to them but
not of any essential injury.

The next dav a town meetinir was notifi^'d for tlic? 5tli,

BOSTON NOTIONS. 141

when the consignees were called upon by the citizens to re-
sign their appointments but they still refused, alleging " that
' they knew not on what terms the tea would be sent to them
' nor what obligations of a moral or pecuniary nature they
' might be under to fulfd the trust;" the town meeting ad-
journed to the 6th, when the answer was voted, to be ^' dar-
^ ingly affrontive to the town, " and the meeting was imme-
diately dissolved.

On the 17th of Nov. Mr. Jonathan Clark of the firm of R.
Clark and Sons arrived from London, and at night there was
an assemblage of persons around his house in School street :
a pistol was fired from a window, which was answered with
stones, but all without personal injury to any one.

The consignees threw themselves on the Gov, and Council
for protection : but as they could not after a deliberation of
ten days on the subject, extend to them the safety that they
sought for, they with the Officers of the Custom-house be-
, took themselves to Castle Island.

Sunday, Nov, 28th, the ship Dartmouth arrived, having 112
chests of Tea on board and the next morning the following
notice was widely circulated,

'' Friends, Brethren, Countrymen,
' That worst of plagues, the detested Tea, shipped for this
'■ port by the East India Company, has now arrived in this
'■ harbour. The hour of destruction, or manly opposition to
'■ the machinations of Tyranny, stares you in the face. Every
'■ friend to his country, to himself and to posterity, is now
' called upon to meet at Faneuil Hall, at nine o'clock, this
' day (at which time the bells will ring) to make a united
' and successful resistance to this last, worst, and most des-
' tructive measure of administration.
' Boston, Nov. 29th, 1773,"

This notice brought together a vast concourse of the people
of Boston and from the neighboring towns : Jonathan Will-

142 BOSTON NOTIONS.

iams of Boston was chosen moderator : the first vote was,
''that the Tea should be returned to the place from whence
' it came, at all events;" so many persons had then collected
that an adjournment to the Old South became necessary :
then and there it was resolved, " that the Tea should not
' only be sent back, but no duty should be paid thereon;"
then to give time to the consignees to prepare a communica-
tion to the assembled citizens, the meeting was adjourned
to 3 P. M.; in the afternoon Capt. Hall of the Dartmouth and
Francis Rotch, her owner, were convented and charged not
to land the Tea at their peril ; a watch of 25 persons under
Capt. Edward Proctor, was set to prevent it landing during
the night : a vote of censure was passed upon the Gov. on
account of an order he had issued to the law officers : an ex-
cuse was then offered by Mr. Hancock in the name of a
friend, to and in behalf of the consignees, for a little more
time for their answer, and '' out of great tenderness " to
them, the meeting was adjourned to the next morning af
9 o'clock.

Tuesday, Nov. 30. The body again met and receiA^ed a
letter from the consignees stating that their orders had arriv-
ed from the East I. Co. and that it was entirely out of their
power to send the Tea back, but were willing to store it un-
til they could send to England for further advice : before the
assembly had tim.e to express their indignation at this com-
munication, Sheriff Greenleaf appeared in the meeting and
'' begged leave to read a letter he had received from the
' Gov.," requiring him to read a proclamation to the people
here assembled, which was granted and it was read : it was
an order ''forthwith to disperse and surcease all further un-
' lawful proceedings, at 'their utmost peril :" at the close of
the said reading, there was a loud and very general hissing :
and on the question being put, " whether this assembly will
' disperse &c. according to the governor's requirement," it
was unanimously voted in the negative.

BOSTON NOTIONS, 143

There was another meeting in the afternoon, when Capt,
Hall and the owners and factors of the Dartmouth and the
other vessels expected, were put under solemn injunction
not to land a particle of the Tea : Capt. Ezekiel Cheever was
appointed captain of the watch this night and provision was
made for a watch " the following nights until the vessels
4eave the harbour:" if the watch should be molested dur-
ing the night, the bells were to be tolled, or if in the day-
time they were to be rang, and six persons were deputed
" to give notice to the country towns when they shall be re-
' quired so to do on any important occasion,"

Resolutions of gentle censure were then passed on those
who inadvertently imported Tea from Great Britain, while
subject to a duty; followed by another, declaring, " whoever
' should hereafter import, until the said unrighteous act shall
'be repealed, an enemy to this country:" also, it was
'■'■ Voted, that it is the determination of this body to carry
'■ their votes and resolutions into execution, at the risk of their
'lives and property," Provision being then made for the
disposal of the expected vessels and thanks to their brethren
from the neighboring towns, the meeting was dissolved.

On the 1st. of Dec. Capt. J, Bruce, in the ship Elinor arri-
ved with another portion of the Tea : on the 3d. he was or-
dered to attend the following day in Faneuil Hall, on a com-
mittee of the people, where he was commanded by Samuel
Adams and Jonathan Williams in conjunction with John
Rowe, John Hancock and John Pitts, Esqs. and a great num-
ber of others, not to land any of the said Tea, but to proceed
to Griffin's Wharf, and there discharge the rest of his cargo :
Capt. Hez. CofFm, in the brig Beaver, arrived near the same
time and was ordered to pursue the same course.

It became apparent that Mr. Rotch rather lingered in his
preparations to return in the Dartmouth to London : the
twenty days being nearly gone since his arrival, after which
1#

144 BOSTON NOTION?.

the collector might seize the ship and cargo : Mr, R. was
summoned before the committee and stated to them, that it
would prove his entire ruin if he should comply with the
resolutions of the 29th. and 30th. of Nov. and therefore he
should not do it.

A meeting of the people assembled at the Old South on
Tuesday, P. M,, Dec. 14th., when Mr. Rotch appeared and
was enjoined forthwith to demand a clearance ; it being as-
certained that a clearance could not be obtained till the next
day, this meeting was adjourned to Thursday : on that day
there was the fullest meeting ever known; 2000 at least,
were from the country ; Samuel P. Savage, of Weston, was
appointed moderator ; Mr. R. then reported that the collec-
tor would not give him a clearance : he was then ordered
upon his peril to get his ship ready for sea that day, enter a
protest immediately against the Custom House, proceed di-
rectly to the Gov. then at Milton and demand a pass for his
ship to go by the Castle.

An adjournment then took place to 3 P. M. from which
time to o O'clock, they waited patiently for Mr. Rotch and
then they began to be very uneasy; they soon called for a
dissolution of the meeting and finally voted for it ; but some
more judicious, fearing the consequences, begged for a re-
consideration of that vote " for this reason ; that they ought
'■ to do every thing in their power to send the Tea back, ac-
cording to their resolves : " this touched the pride of the as-
sembly and they agreed to remain together another hour.

This interval was improved by Josiah Quincy, Jr. to ap-
prize his fellow citizens of the importance of the crisis and
directed their attention to the probable results of this contro-
versy : he succeeded in holding them in attentive silence,
till Mr. Rotch's return at 1-4 before 6 o'clock : the answer
which he brought from the Gov. was, '•'■ that for the honor of
'■ the laws and from duty towards the King, he (iould not
' Liranl the porniil uutll tlic vor^el was regakiily clcaicd."

BOSTON NOTIONS. 145

A violent commotion immediately ensued : a person who
was in the gallery, dressed like an Indian, shouted at thi:s
junction the war cry of that people, and it was answered by
about thirty persons at the door, disguised in like manner :
the meeting was dissolved in the twinkling of an eye and all
rushed to Griffin's (Liverpool) w^harf : the Indian-dressed in-
dividuals boarded the ships and in less than two hours, 240
chests and 100 half chests of Tea were staved and emptied
into the dock : it was all done without any tumult and no
damage made to the vessels or any other articles.

This was accomplished in the vicinity of several ships of
war lying in the harbor, and almost under the guns of the
Castle, where there was a large body of troops at the service
of the commissioners : conjecture only can be exercised for
reasons, why no opposition was made to this bold and daring
adventure : the names of the men who accomplished this
feat have never yet been published ; perhaps one or two
may yet be living : they had the honor to bear a part in the
most important act which brought the King and his Parlia-
ment to the decision that America should be subdued by the
King's troops.

When the news of this transaction reached London, the
Lords and Gentry were extremely excited : a member of the
house of commons exclaimed "DeZew/a esf Carthage'''' "the
' town of Boston ought to be knocked about their ears and
' destroyed. I am of opinion you never will meet with that
'■ proper obedience to the laws of this country, until you have
'■ destroyed that nest of locusts : " a large majority of Parlia-
ment were of the same sentiments, and the Boston Port Bill
received the sanction of the King, on March 31, 1774, clos-
ing the port of Boston from receiving any vessels or goods,
from and after the first of June : information of this Act was
received in Boston. May, 10th. : on the 13th. a town meet-
ing was held which passed the vote following.

146 BOSTON NOTIONS,

'^ Voted, T"riat it is the opinion of this toim, that if the other
colonies come into a joint resolution to stop all importations
from G. B. and exportations to G. B. the same will prove the
salvation of N. America and her liberties. On the other hand,
if they continue their exports and imports, there is high reason
to fear, that fraud, power, and the most odious oppression will
rise triumphant over right, justice, social happiness and free-
dom. " Ordered, ''That this vote be transmitted by the moderator,
to all our sister colonics, in the name and behalf of this town.''''

Gov. Gage arrived here the same day, May 13th. as Gov.
and Vice Admiral of the Provinces : Gov. Hutchinson hav-
ing received permission, at his own request, to return to
England : there he was in high repute, for the petition for
his removal from office, with that of Oliver from the general
court of the colony, had been acted on in privy council and
they were honorably acquitted.

Gen. Gage stopped at Castle Island for a day or two;
when the council made provision for his grand entre into
Boston, with military honors : he was received at the end of
Long Wharf and escorted to the Town house to partake of a
public dinner : his Excellency met the tw^o houses of As-
sembly, May 26th. and in his speech, advised them •' to de-
'■ spatch the business of the session as speedily as possible,
' because it was made his duty to remove the court to Salem
' on the 1st. of June : " when that day arrived the court was
adjourned : all business at the Custom house ceased and the
port was closed against all vessels that offered to enter.

The next day, June 2d. intelligence was received that acts
w^ere then maturing in Parliament, totally subverting the
charter of the province : transferring the trial of all criminal
offences to the courts in England : these acts were severely
felt by the whole province, but most severely in Boston :
all business was here at an end ; the deprivations of the
common class of citizens were onerous and often distressing,

BOSTON NOTION*!. 147

but the generosity of the citizens from neighboring towns,
with contributions for their necessities, comfort and relief, ex-
hilerated the almost desponding spirits of those most distress-
ed.

Confiding in the patriotic sympathy of their countrymen, the
Boston committee of correspondence framed a solemn league
and covenant^ whereby all who signed it bound themselves
from henceforth, to suspend all commercial intercourse with
G. Britain, until a restoration of their charter rights : this
league was sent to every part of the province and thousands
signed their names to it, and faithfully complied with its ob-
ligations in despite of a proclamation from Gov. Gage, de-
nouncing the authors of it. cautioning all persons to beware
of entering into this traitorous combination.

The general court met at Salem; and entered on their rec-
ords a formal protest against their removal by the Gov., and
on the 17th. of June, elected Messrs. Bowdoin, Gushing, S.
& J. Adams, and Robt. Treat Paine, as delegates to the Con-
tinential Congress to be holden at Philadelphia on the 1st.
of Sept. and on this day Gov. Gage dissolved the general
court by proclamation.

During the months of June, July and August, numerous
troops arrived and were quartered in the town, and Gen.
Gage employed them in constructing barracks and fortifica-
tions on Boston Neck, with the old fortification gates across
the road ; the town's people would not aid or assist on these
works and persons from other places were obtained to do
that, which the soldiers did not understand.

On the 1st. of Sept. 200 troops in 13 boats went from
Long Wharf up the Mystic River and took from the powder-
house on Quarry-hill, 212 half barrels of powder, which be-
longed to the province, and another squad from the same
corps went to Cambridge and brought ofl^ two field pieces;
these excursions caused great alarm and the next dav sev-

148 BOSTON NOTIONS.

eral thousand persons assembled with muskets in the vicin-
ity of Cambridge ; not meeting there with any foe, they laid
aside their guns and in a body went to the houses of several
who sided with tiie Crown, and compelled them to recant and
forswear all concern in any ofhces or give any protection or
support to the power of the British : the same thing was so
elFectually done in other counties that Gov, Gage had scarce-
ly a mandamus counsellor left, except a few residing in Bos-
ton under his special protection : jurors refused to serve un-
der judges paid by the crown : thus the province was al-
most in a state of anarchy.

The late colonial Charter of this year 1774, proclaimed
town meetings unlawful, except those for elections in March
and May, without the previous approbation of his Excellen-
cy : the people of Boston being denied assembling together
in their own town, held a meeting in Dedham, Sept. 6th,
but then adjourned to Milton, where on the 9th, they passed
several spirited resolutions : these were forwarded to the
Congress then sitting in Philadelphia : that congress unani-
mously approved them and recommended them for univer-
sal adoption.

To evade the law against town meetings, the May meet-
ing would be adjourned from time to time and in this man-
ner, meetings were held until March meeting in 1775.

Gov. Gage issued orders for convening the general court
on the 5th. of Oct. 1774, in Salem, but on account of the vari-
ous tumults and opposition movements daily taking place, he
countermanded that order Sept. 28th : the representatives
however appeared and after waiting a day for the Governor's
notice, they resolved themselves into a provincial congress,
chose a chairman and clerk, and adjourned to meet at Con-
cord on the 11th. : this provincial congress continued their
session till Oct. 29th. : during which time they 'proposed to
the people to take measures for an efficient organization of

BOSTON NOTIONS. 149

the militia and a supply of ammunilion to the town stores :
they appointed a treasurer and receiver general in the place
of Mr. Gray, and advised all persons to refrain from paying
the public monies to the latter and they also denounced the
mandamus counsellors as rebels to the state.

For these and other overt acts, Gov. Gage proclaimed the
Provincial Congress an unlawful assembly, with whose ad-
vice or recommendations it would be dangerous for any one
to comply : but this did not deter them from meeting again
in December, and furthering other measures of defence, and
also for carrying out the plans of the Congress at Philadel-
phia; they also created a body termed the Committee of
Safety, which became the real executive of the province,
the members of which were elected anew at every session,
to v^^atch over the safety and interests of the Commonwealth,
and advise the Congress of measures for the general benefit,
and especially, to assemble the militia as they judged ne-
cessary and station them where most contributing to the de-
fence and service of the colony.

Dec. 19. Cheering information was received from Ports-
mouth, N. H., that a body of their people had attacked the
fort at New Castle on the loth of December, scaled its walls,
disarmed the commander and his men, and taken off 97
barrels of powder, GO stands of muskets, and 16 pieces of
cannoUj and conveyed the whole to a safe retreat in the
country. This acquisition made a gratifying offset to the
loss at Cambridge.

The Governor of N. H. Colony proclaimed the act to be
^'open hostility and direct oppugnation to his Majesty's
'■ Government." The affairs around Boston were pretty fast
approaching to an important crisis ; exertions were making
to procure the arms and ammunilion recommended by the
colony Congress, as nearl}'^ all those articles were in Boston
only ; they were there often obtained, to be removed to

150 BOSTON NOTIONS.

places of safety in the country, and that was to be done by
deceiving the King's troops on the Neck. Cannon, balls,
a,nd other war implements were carried through the fortifica-
tion gates in carts apparently loaded with manure, powder
in the panniers of the market men, and cartridges in candle
boxes.

At the close of the year 1774, Gov. Gage had eleven reg-
iments of infantry, and four companies of artillery, under
his command ; five hundred were daily on duty ; the be-
haviour of the troops was generally peaceable ; some .of the
ofHcers were gentlemen of the best standing in society, and
licentiousness received from them thus far, no countenance
or support. But they did not conduct so orderly through the
winter; for in Jan., 1775, several riotous acts were commit-
ted in which the officers bore a part. On the 23d a detach-
ment of an hundred men was sent to Marshfield, for the pro-
tection of some of his Majesty's liege subjects; but they
found nothing to do there, and met with no resistance ;
another clan was sent to Salem, to take possession of some
brass cannon there or in that neighborhood; this was on
Sunday, Feb. 20. ; they landed at Marblehead from a trans-
port, and immediately took up their line of march to Salem ;
but as information had preceded them of their probable de-
signs, the people had raised the draw of the bridge so that
they CO aid not advance any farther; the Commander de-
sired that the draw might be let down, but that request was \
refused, saying that it was a private road and he had no au- ^
thority to demand a passage that way ; he then decided to
ferry some few men over in gondolas, as two of that craft
were on the river's bank, but the people scuttled them be-
fore he could effect his purpose ; finally the officer said he
must go over, and if the drav/ was let down so that he might
pass, he pledged his honor that he would not go 30
rods beyond it, and then immediately return ; they had

BOSTON NOTIONS. 151

been on the bridge then for an hour and a half, and every
thing being securedj the people directed the draw to be
lowered. The military passed over, marched a few rods
leaving a party on the bridge for safety till they returned,
which they did soon and with great expedition marched
back again to Marblehead and re-embarked on board the
transport between 8 and 9 o'clock that evening. This great
expedition of the King's troops afforded much merriment for
the wits of the day, and no little chagrin to the royalists.

The King's soldiers wreaked their vengeance on Thomas
Ditson for this defeat. He was from Billerica for the pur-
chase of a gun, and, supposing th.at a soldier would be
likely to know where it could be purchased, he accosted
one in the street, who beguiled him to his own quarters, and
then pretended to sell him a gun for five dollars; on receiv-
ing the money, he set up a hue and cry that here was a
rebel purchasing arms of a King's soldier and enticing him
to desert. On this, Ditson was forcibly seized and hurried to
the barracks : there they tarred and feathered him from
head to foot and escorted him to Liberty Tree, Col. Nesbit
commanding, and then set him free : the selectmen of
Billerica demanded satisfaction of Gen. Gage for this out-
rage, but there is no information that any was given.

Tarring and feathering, was humorously termed, an Act ;
aiid it had often been threatened to the tories, as a terrorunij
by the liberty men : but never but once resorted to and that
was for a flagitious offence.

The provincial Congress held their sessions in Feb, March
and April without molestation : appointed general officers
for the command of the minute men who should be subject
to the orders of the committee of safety, and appropriated
funds for the purchase of warlike stores : In April, intelli-
gence from England was received that Massachusetts had
been declared in a state of rebellion and that Gov. Gage

m

J 52 BOSTON NOTIONS.

would receive oiaeia to i^eize ceilaiii ci' llie popular leaders
and send them to England for trial: on the 11th, official
notice of these facts was handed to Gov. Gage : on the 15th
of April the Congress adjourned.

For several months then past, there had been an associa-
tion chiefly of mechanics in Boston, as a committee, for the
purpose of watching the movements of the British : towards
spring they frequently took turns, two and two, to watch the
soldiers, patrolling the streets all night : about 12 o'clock on
the 15th of April they observed that the boats of the trans-
ports were all launched and under the sterns of the men-of-
war : and the grenadiers and light infantry were all off from
duty : on Tuesday the I8th, the light infantry and grenadiers
were on Boston common at half past 10 P. M. Col, Francis
Smith with about 800 soldiers embarked in boats and landed
at Lechmere's point in Cambridge, and took up their line of
march from thence about 12 o'clock.

The object of his expedition was for the destruction of war-
like stores in Concord : profound secrecy had been observed
in the camp, but information of their movements had pre-
ceded them to Concord : Lexington is 12 miles N. West
from Boston, and Concord 18 miles in the same direction ;
the British axrived in Lexington at the dawn of day and they
had the unexpected sound of a drum there beating to avms,
and they soon came in sight of an American company of
about 60 men, paraded in posture of defiance.

The British troops were halted at about 100 rods distance :
ordered to load : double their ranks : and march at double
quick time : the Lexington company were now commanded
to load with ball : to stand their ground but not to fire unless
they were attacked : they heard the order of the British
officer to them, to disperse, but they did not move : heard
his command to fire : and receiving it unhurt, stood their
grcund. till another dischaj-ge proved fatal to several of their

BOSTON NOTIONS, 153

number : when most of them returned the fire and then dis-
persed in various directions : the British formed on Lexing-
ton common, fired off a volley : gave three cheers, and after
a short halt, resumed their march for Concord where they
arrived at about 9 o'clock, A. M.

The main body was here set to searching for warlike
stores, and a detachment was sent forward to secure the
bridge at the north part of the town : information of their de-
sign had reached Concord early in the morning, but of the
fracas in Lexington they had not heard of, and they made
no attack on the British troops, lest they should be considered
as aggressors : the British on approaching a party at the
bridge opened a fire upon them, killing and wounding sev-
eral : the fire was returned with some damage to the troops :
the detachment soon after joined the main body, and all pre-
pared at 12 o'clock to return to Boston, they having partially
effected their object in the destruction of some stores and
provisions.

But in place of the high and lofty confidence with which
they wheeled into the streets of Concord, they left with faces
anxiously directed to the surrounding heights, which indi-
cated a consciousness of the dangers they were exposed to
on the long road before them : and their apparent apprehen-
sions were not groundless, for as soon as their return march
commenced, a volley was sent to them from a barn, and as
they advanced, volley succeeded volley, and musket echoed
musket from behind every cover that offered to the yeoman-
ry : at first these assailants were little regarded : a brisk
charge and a smart fire, never failing to disperse them ; but
the alarm of the preceding night had gathered the people
from a large extent of country, to the assistance of their
friends.

There was no order and no concert among the Americans ;
each party as it arrived, dashed into the affray, hanging on

154 BOSTON NOTIONS.

the skirts of the troops or making spirited though ineffectual
efforts to stop their progress; on either side of the high-way,
along the margin of every wood or orchard ; in the open,
field ; from every house or barn or cover in sight, the flash
of fire arms was to be seen : and the shouts of the British
were more feeble at every sound : the utmost confusion
seized their ranks : they began to run : the officers at-
tempted to form them but to no purpose : their confusion
increased : at last, after passing Lexington village, the offi-
cers gained their front, charged bayonet, and told them if
they advanced they should die : upon this they tried to
form mider a pretty heavy fire from the Americans : they
must no doubt have soon surrendered, had they not been
then reinforced with a thousand men, under Brig. Gen.
Lord Percy, with two field pieces.

The Americans gave way as the two detachments joined
and the artillery being opened upon them ; the troops here
halted to rest for half an hour : but the instant the guns
were limbered, and the line of march resumed, balls flew
from every quarter with redoubled animation : at almost
every step of the retreating troops, they met with a new
cluster of enemies annoying them till they reached Charles-
town neck, at 7 P. M.

Gen. Percy took his station at Bunker Hill : the man-of-
war boats were here first employed in removing the
wounded, and after that some of the troops": fresh soldiers
were sent over to stand guard during the night, and the next
day the remaining forces were all returned to Boston ; the
loss of Americans was 49 killed, 3 missing and 36 wounded ;
and of the British 73 killed, 26 missing, 174 wounded.

The account of this transaction spread with great rapidity,
and in the course of two days, so large a number of provin-
cial militia was collected in this vicinity that the British
oflicers acknowledged themselves " fairly blocked up in
Boston."

BOSTON NOTIONS. 155

The situation of the people of Boston at this time, April,
1775, was any thing but agreeable; all intercourse with the
country ceased, and the citizens and troops were reduced to
the necessity of subsisting on the provisions then on hand.
A town meeting was held on the 22d, and a conference had
with Gen. Gage, when he proposed to permit such of the cit-
izens to leave the town as would surrender their arms. This
proposition was accepted at an adjourned meeting on the
next Sabbath. Many persons deposited their arms at the
place appointed, but the Governor perceiving that by a de-
parture of the citizens, he was depriving himself of the best
security from destruction, found a pretext for detaining the
largest number and compelled the few he did let go, to leave
in town their most valuable effects.

On the 5th of May the Provincial Congress resolved that
Gov. Gage had by late transactions and many others, '"ut-
' terly disqualified himself from serving the colony as Gov-
' ernor, or in any other capacity, and that therefore no obe-
' dience was in future due to him."

On the 17th, in the evening, a store south of the Town
Dock, used as a barrack, took fire by the bursting of some
cartridges, and that, with about 30 warehouses and dwell-
ings w'ere destroyed with nearly all their contents ; some of
which were donations to the town for the relief of the in-
habitants, oppressed and impoverished by the Boston Port
Bill.

Towards the end of May large reinforcements of troops
arrived, and on the 25th, Generals Howe, Clinton and Bur-
goyne. Gen. Gage now prepared to act with more effect
and decision. His troops had been skirmishing on the
islands in the harbor, and ihe provincials had gained a vic-
tory over them in every instance. News arrived that the
Americans had attacked Ticonderoga and Crown Point, a; id
were completely successful ; \he?p items added nut a little

156 BOSTON NOTIONS.

to the enthusiasm of our people. Gen. Gage, on the 12th of
June, issued a proclamation of pardon to all persons except
Samuel Adams and John Hancock^ and proclaimed martial
law throughout the colony. The Congress contemplated a
reply to it, but were engaged by movements of greater im-
portance. The British army '^ burned" for a fair trial of
their prowess against the "rebels" in open fight; "we
want more room," they said.

The American army consisted of about 15,000 men, under
Gen. Artemus Ward. Information being conveyed to the
officers, that the British intended posting themselves on Bun-
ker's Hill, it was immediately resolved to make an effort
to defeat their design. Accordingly, on the 16th of June,
1775, orders were issued for a detachment of 1,000 men to
march that evening to Charlestown to entrench on that Hill :
just before 9 o'clock they started from Cambridge, and
marched to Breed's Hill, situated on the eastern part of that
Peninsula, nearest to Boston ; for by some mistake, this hill
was marked for the entrenchment, instead of Bunker's Hill :
the works were commenced to be thrown up at 12 o'clock;
and by dawn of day they had formed a redoubt about 8 rods
square : at this time a heavy cannonade was opened on them
from the Glasgow man-of-war; from a battery on Copps'
Hill, at the north part of Boston, and from five other British
craft, which soon joined their force by water.

The American forces were solely composed of infantry :
the Massachusetts men in the fort were under Col. Prescolt,
who had the supervision of the whole ; the eastern part of
the Hill, by troops from Connecficut, under Gen. Putnam ;
and the N. Hampshire militia under Gen. Stark. An inces-
sant shower of shot and bombs was rained upon the Hill
from daylight, yet the Americans continued their labor till
they had thrown up breast-works on the eastern side of the
redoubt, towards the bottom of the Hill ; but at last were

BOSTON NOTIONS. 157

compelled to desist, from the intolerable fire of the enemy :
between 12 and 1 o'clock, a number of British troops from
Boston landed at Moreton's Point, a little eastward of the
hill : they formed into a brigade, and remained there till
another detachment arrived: having sent out large flank
guards, they commenced a slow march towards the hill ; at
this instant, smoke and flames issued from the buildings in
Charlestown. fired by the remorseless enemy.

The provincials on the Hill waited impatiently for the at-
tack of the British forces, and reserved their fire till they
came within 10 or 12 rods; they then commenced a furious
discharge of musketry ; this at once arrested their advancing
steps : they returned the fire, but without approaching any
nearer : they then retreated in disorder and with great pre-
cipitation to the place of landing, some seeking refuge in
their boats : the British officers were observed running to
them, and make use of the most passionate gestures, and
pushing the men forward with their swords : at length they
rallied, but marched up with apparent reluctance towards
the entrenchment, the Americans reserving their fire till
they came within 5 or 6 rods, when they again put the King's
troops to flight, running for their boats in the greatest confu-
sion : again their officers were obliged to use most powerful
exertions to rally them for a third attack : at last they formed
once more, and having brought some cannon to bear, and
raked the inside of the breast-work from one end to the
other ; the provincials retreated to their little redoubt : the
regulars now made extraneous eflbrts ; the fire from their
ships and batteries, and from their cannon in fi-ont of their
column, was now redoubled : the officers in the rear-ranks
were seen goading on their men, and at last they attacked
the redoubt on three sides at one time.

The breast-work on the outside of the fort was abandoned :
the ammunition of the Americans was expended, and few of

15S BOSTON NOTIONS.

their guns had bayonets : the word ^'retreat" was given by
Col. Prescott, after the redoubt was half filled with the regu-
lars : the provincials keeping them at bay with the butts of
their muskets : The retreat of this band of brave men
would have been eflectually cut off, had the flanking part of
the enemy, which was to have come up on the north of the
redoubt, not been kept in check by a party of the provincials,
who fought with bravery and perseverance, and kept that
part of the enemy down on the beach : the engagement of
these two forces continued with the utmost vigor : the Eng-
lish evinced a courage worthy of a better cause, but all their
efforts could not drive the provincials from their ground until
their main body had left the hill : when this was effected,
they then retreated with more regularity than could have
been expected of men who had been but a short time under
discipline, and the mass of whom had never before seen an
engagement.

In this retreat the provincial forces had to pass over
Charlestown Neck, which was most effectually raked and
swept on every part by cannon balls, grape-shot and bombs
from the Glasgow man-of-war and from two floating batteries :
the incessant fire across the neck had prevented large rein-
forcements from reaching the hill during the day, and it was
feared that the retreat of the Americans would be cut off by
it, but they passed over with little or no damage.

The British took possession of the same Hill which fur-
nished them so advantageous a retreat on their flight
from the battle in Concord.

The loss on the American side in this day's battle accord-
ing to an exact return was 145 killed and missing, and 304
wounded: 30 of the first were taken prisoners: the ]o.>s of the
Biitish according to the official returns was 226 killod, monga
them 19 oflicers and 828 wounded including 70 officers.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 159

Among the slain on the provincials' roll, was Major Gen.
Joseph Warren, a man who was a favorite with the people
for his many manly virtues, and whose memory will be
cherished by Americans for the patriotic principles he
avowed and lived up to : his age was 35.

We here give a good miniature likeness of Gen. Warren,
copied from the Portrait in Faneuil Hall which was painted
by Mr. Copely.

The heroic Col. Gardner of Cambridge, died from the ef-
fects of his wounds, and the brave Lieut. Col. Parker of
Chelmsford, who was wounded and taken prisoner, died in
the jail in Boston.

The main body of the British troops was stationed upon
Bunker's Hill, after the battle of the 17th, the other division
of it deeply intrenched and strongly fortified on Boston neck
leading to Roxbury : the American army was quartered on
both sides of Charles river : its right on the high grounds
about Roxbury extending towards Dorchester, and its left
was covered by the Mystic river, a space of 12 miles : every
pass eifectually guarded and Boston was actually besieged :
no provision of any kind was allowed to enter : the troops
there and the people were reduced to great necessities : sup"
plies which had been ordered from other parts were inter-
cepted or lost at sea, and the small-pox had broken out
among the soldiers and spread among the people.

General Washington took command of the army July 2d.
1775 : Gen. Gage resigned his command and sailed for Eng-
land about the 1st of October, leaving Gen. Howe in his
place : as winter approached, the scarcity of iuel began to
be sensibly felt in Boston : the old north meeting house with
above 100 large wooden buildings were demolished and dis-
tributed for firewood for the tories, and some of the wharves
at the north-end were broken up for the same purpose : a
equadron of British cavalry practiced feats of horsemanship

160 BOSTON NOTIONS.

in the old south church : the soldiers had one day of mirth
and glee, on felling down " Liberty Tree ;" it had been a
rallying point for the liberty boys, but its chief glory had de-
parted,

Its limbs umbrag-eous shadowed patriot sires,
Shrone was by vassal's, but for traitor's firdfe.

The officers amused themselves occasionally, by acting
Farces in Faneuil Hall : Hollis street, Brattle street, the West
meeting house with the first Baptist meeting house, were all
used for Hospitals or Barracks for the soldiers.

The American and English armies, were both tired of so
long inactive service ; Gen. Washington had been sometime
contemplating an attack on Boston, as soon as he could be
justified in the execution of so bold a design : about the mid-
dle of Feb. 1776, severe cold weather setting in and freezing
the harbor firm enough to bear the troops, he was disposed
to make the attempt ; but a council of war summoned on the
occasion, being almost unanimous against the measure, he
reluctantly abandoned it.

The effective force of the Americans amounted to upwards
of fourteen thousand men with the addition of six thousand
ra.ilitia : Washington determined to obtain possession of
Dorchester heights, where he could overawe the Castle,
the troops in Boston and the ships in the harbor ; and if the
British should attempt to drive him from thence, it w^ould
produce a general action with the two armies, when four
thousand chosen men from Cambridge, were to attack Bos-
ton : to conceal his designs from the enemy, a heavy bom-
bardment was commenced on the tow'n and British lines
on the evening of March the 2d., and continued on the two
following nights : on the night of the 4th, immediately after
the firing commenced, a large detachment from Roxbury
under the command of Gen. Thomas, took silent possession
of the Heights ; the ground was extremely hard and frozen,

BOSTON NOTIONS. 161

but the air was tolerably mild and by working with all dili-
gence, breast works were so far raised by morning as to
shield them from the shot of the enemy.

When the British at the break of dawn discovered the
Americans troops in a Fort on Dorchester point, their aston-
ishment was in the extreme, and it gave them the sine qua
non alternation of abandoning the town, or of dislodging the
provincial troops : Gen. Howe immediately decided on the
latter, and five regiments with light Infantry and grenadiers,
amounting in all to about two thousand men, were apportion-
ed for that hazardous enterprise, and embarked for Castle
Island and the harbor for the attack; but a tremendous storm
set in at night rendering the execution of their plans impos-
sible : they held a council of war the next morning and de-
cided that the town must be evacuated for their own safety :
a fortnight elapsed before that could be accomplished ; in
all which time the fortifications of the Americans were ex-
tending and strengthening : on the morning pf March 17th,
the British discovered abreast-work that had been thrown
up in the night on Nook's-Hiil, Dorchester, which perfectly
commanded Boston neck and the south part of Boston : they
then realized that " delays were dangerous : " by 4 o'clock
in the morning, the King's troops with all who embraced the
royal cause began to embark, and before 10 o'clock the
whole were under sail with a melancholy and final adieu to
all their greatness in these parts.

As the rear of the army left Boston, Gen. Washington
marched triumphantly in, and was gratefully received as a
deliverer. The number of the enemy was about 10,000: they
left their barracks standing, and a number of cannon spiked ;
four large iron-sea mortars, and stores to the value of £30,000:
they demolished the Castle and knocked off" the cannon
trunnions : a detachment of the fleet remained blockading
the haibor, to execute the Port Bill ; on the 14th of June, a

16^ BOSTON NOTIONS.

Strong force went down from Boston and made so effectual
an attack on them, as compelled them to leave the station
for Halifax : but had the wind continued from the eastward,
they must inevitably have soon surrendered.

Several British transports arrived at different times during
a few weeks afterwards not knowing the important Ghange
of circumstances ; and surrendered about 500 prisoners
of war.

The Boston people had assembled at Watertown two or
three times during the siege for the consideration of town
affairs ; and Thursday lecture had been continued there by
Dr. Eliot until about Dec. 23d.j and was renewed again in
Boston, March 26, 1777, when George Washington attended.

THE RETURN TO BOSTON OF ITS CITIZENS.

The '^Bostoneers" speedily returned to their homes, and
on the 29th of March, they held a regular meeting for the
choice of town officers in the old Brick church : May 23d.
a meeting was held for the choice of representatives, when
the following step was taken relative to a Declaration of In-
dependence : The article in the warrant, was : — " To consid-
' er whether the town will, in conformity to a resolve of the
' late Honorable House of Representatives for this Colony,

* (on the tenth of May,) advise their Representatives, " That
' if the Honorable Continental Congress should, for the safety
' of the Colonies, declare them independent of the Kingdom

* of Great Britain, they, the inhabitants, will solemnly engage

* with their lives and fortunes, to support them in the meas-
' ure ; " was read and duly considered, and the question be-
'ing accordingly put, passed in the affirmative, unani-
' mously."

The instructions to the representatives expressed the same
sentiments, and contained also many very judicious remarks

BOSTON NOTIONS. 163

concerning the establishment of a regular government for
the people of Massachusetts. The Declaration of Indepen-
dence, bearing the proscribed name of John Hancock, as
President of the immortal Continental Congress that issued
it, dated July 4th, 1776, was made public in Boston on the
18th, with all the pomp and circumstance of exultation and
rejoicing.

The subject of a State Constitution was taken into consid-
eration by the general court without delay : but it was not
till the year 1780, that our present form was adopted : seve-
ral meetings in Boston had been held on the subject and it
was debated with animation. Sept. 4th, was appointed for
the election of state ofhcers : the votes for governor in Bos-
ton, were 923, of which Hancock had 858, Bow^doin 64, and
S. Adams 1 : the General Court met Oct. 25th, and decided
that John Hancock was governor elect : there was no choice
of Lieutenant Governor by the people : Mr. Bowdoin was
chosen by the court, but declined ; as did James Warren,
Esq., of Milton; when Thomas Gushing of Boston, accepted
the appointment. The people of Boston could not suppress
their great joy for '' having a governor who proceeded out of
the midst of us," as in the address from the selectmen to
the governor, to which he returned an answer concluding
with the assurance, that in whatever station his country
should please to place him, the metropolis of this common-
wealth might ever depend on his particular attention to its
interests.

From the time of the evacuation of Boston by Howe and
his troops, and the routing of the British fleet from the lower
harbor, this section of the country ceased to be the seat of
war; the citizens however bore their part of its burdens in
other places by sea and by land ; in the councils of the na-
tion and as embassies to foreign parts: they maintained, that
no terms should be made with Britain, short of an unrondi-

n

164 BOSTON NOTIONS.

tional acknowledgement of their Independence : The pro^
clamation of Congress announcing a treaty of peace with
England, reached Boston by express, April 23, 1783; and the
sheriff of Sufiblk, J. Henderson, Esq., proclaimed the same
from the balcony of the State House to a large assemblage
of the citizens, who gave three joyful huzzas on this grateful
occasion: after which a salute of 13 guns from the Castle
and an equal number from Fort-hill, re-echoed the glad
shouts of the multitude : '^ Liberty and the Rights of man
' now and forever ! "

The adoption of the Federal Constitution was an event of
great importance ; the Massachusetts convention which as-
sembled at the Bury-street and Long-lane=^ Church for this
purpose, in Jan. 1788, consisted of 360 members, many of
them having strong prejudices against the proposed consti-
tution, and after a severe and elaborate discussion of several
weeks, when the final question of acceptance was decided^
the votes w^ere 187 for, and 168 against it, giving a spare
majority in favor, of 18 : this decision was declared " on the
' 6th of Feb., in a manner too impressive to be forgotten by
' any who were present." The citizens of Boston expressed
great joy on the occasion, by a numerous and imposing pro-
cession composed of all classes and trades, with their respect-
ive and appropriate emblems and badges, and farmers with
their ploughs and implements of husbandry from the coun-
try : sailors with a full rigged miniature man-of-war ship,
&c. &c., they all formed at Faneuil Hall and proceeded to
the residences of those gentlemen who represented the town
in the convention ; giving them a few hearty cheers and a
salute from their frigate : after which they returned to a
civic feast at the Hall, from which hundreds had to go away
unsatisfied, for " first come, first served ;" and the Hall waa
already crowded to its utmost capacity.

*Cliunged to Fwdwia; strssi on account of ;he Coiiv«»uou.

, BOSTON NOTIONS. 165

PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

The earliest trace of our system of free schools on the re-
cords of the town is dated April 13th, 1635, where it is stated
to have been " agreed upon that our brother Philemon Pur-
' mont shall be intreated to become a schoolmaster for teach-
' ing and nurturing of children with us ; " the record does
not make known his acceptance of that offer, or otherwise ;
but on the church record of Jan. 6th, 1639, it is stated, that
'^ Philemon Purmont was dismissed to join Mr, Wheelwright
' and others at Piscatuqua." Mr. Daniel Maude was '' also
chosen" to the office of " free-school master '' in Aug. 1636,

The first provision for the support of schools seems to have
been made by voluntary contribution : there is a subscrip-
tion recorded on the last leaf of the oldest volume of town
records, which, though the first line is illegible, is plainly

discerned to be '•'■towards the maintamance of free

schoolmaster.'''' It is headed by " the Gov, Mr, Henry Vane,
Esq,," who subscribed £10 as did also the Deputy Governor
John Winthrop and Mr, Richard Bellingham : forty-two other
persons subscribed according to their ability, some 30s. and
some as low as 4s. making in all about £40. — In 1641, the
income from Deer Island was appropriated for the school's
use, and in other years the rents of that and other Islands
were appropriated ; under date of 1645, Governor Winthrop
remarks in his journal, that " divers free-schools were

* erected, " and that at Boston they made an order to allow
forever £50 per annum for the master, and a house ; and
£30 to an usher, who should also teach to read, write and
cipher; the charge was to be defrayed -^ by yearly contri-
' bution, either by voluntary allowance or by rate of such as

* refused," In 1647, the General Court enacted that every
town of fifty house-holders should have a free-school, and
every town of one hundred house-holders to have a grammar
ichool, "to the end" eays, the statute "that learing may

166 BOSTON NOTIONS.

' not be buried in the graves of our fore-fathers;'' the master
thereof being capacitated to fit youth to enter college : The
Latin school was founded at this time.

Mr. Maude the second schoolmaster, was a'minister, and
soon removed to Dover, N. H.; his successors in the school
probably were a Mr. Woodbridge (mentioned Dec. 2d. 1644)
and Mr. Woodmansey whose name is on the records April
11th, 1650 : on the 12th of March, 1666, Mr. Daniel Hench-
man was employed ^' to assist Mr. Woodmansey in the
' grammar school and teach children to write : " after Mr. W.
Mr. Benjamin Thomson '^ a man of great learning and wit,
' well acquainted with the Roman and Greek writers and a
^ good poet," — He was chosen Aug. 26th, 166 7, to officiate
for one year, and appears to have continued in the service of
the town, together with Mr. Henchman, until Jan. 3d. 1671,
when he resigned, and Mr. Ezekiel Cheever took the princi-
pal charge of the school : Mr. C. had been a distinguished
instructor in various parts of New England, and his reputa-
tion was not diminished by his career in this place : under
him, the grammar school of Boston attained the rank of '•' the
' principal school in the British Colonies if not in all Ameri-
' ca."

Several persons had been licensed to keep private schools
*' to teach children to write and keep accounts ; " but there
is no reason to suppose that there had been more than one
public school prior to 1684 :— In April 1683 the town voted
to provide two schools, and to allow £25 per annum, for the
support of each, with the understanding " that such persons

* as send their children to the school that are able, should
' pay something to the master for his better encouragement ;"
—and Nov. 22d. 1684, Deacon Henry Allen and Captain
Frarye made a return, that, '' according to a former order
' they had agreed with John Cole to keep a free school to

* teach the children of the town to read and write for one

BOSTON NOTIONI. 16T

* year from the first of that month for which the town was to
' pay him £10 in money and £20 in country pay as money
< or at money price : " this was the first of the free writing
schools, and Mr. Cole seems to have been as much respected
and beloved in his department as Mr. Cheever was in his :

The original Latin school-house in 1647, was located on the
north side of School st., on the City Hall lot ; one writing-
school was kept in Court st. and the other at the north part of
the town. In the Hutchinson MSS. is an order from Gov.
Andros, dated May 24th, 1687 ; appointing Joshua Natstock
master of the public school at the north part of Boston ; — it
was a favorite object with Randolph to have all the teachers
Episcopalians : but when Andros' power ceased, the former
custom and management by free schools, was restored and
60 continued.

A second grammar school was opened at the north-end in
1713, agreeably to a vote of March 11th, 1712: it was
located on north Bennet street, near the lot now occupied by
the Eliot school and was known until 1790 as the north Laf
in school and since then as the Eliot School : Capt. Thomas
Hutchinson, father of Gov. Hutchinson, built the house at his
own expense : Recompense Wadsworth was the first mas-
ter : a free writing school-house was built in 1718 on Love-
lane by the executors of Foster Hutchinson ; and Jeremiah
Condy was the teacher.

In 1717, a south writing-school was located in Mason St.,
the first master was Amos Angier : these two grammar and
three writing schools were the only public schools in Boston
before the revolution ; they were under the selectmen, with
some few invited gentlemen and the clergy. In 1742, when
the population of the town was 16,382 there were reported as
present on June 23, 1741, 535 scholars. July 1st, 1772, vis-
itation day, 823 scholars were present in all the schools ; clu-
ing the siege of Boston, the schools were discontinued ex-

168 BOSTON NOTIONS.

ceptiiig one kept by Mr. Elias Dnpee, who gratuitously con-
tinued to instruct the youth, which employment gave him
peculiar delight : — Nov. 8thj 1776, the schools were re-open-
ed under the direction of the selectmen : — in March 1785 a
writing school was established on Common street, and Mr.
Samuel Cheney inducted as master April 26th: — the number
of children reported as present, May 23d., 1785, was only
564 : both the Latin schools having but 64 in all ; Queen
street and the north W. 150 each ; Common 119 : Cheney's
81 ; — at this time the rule was adopted, that no children
under 7 years of age be admitted to the writing schools.

The above were all the public schools in Boston till 1785,
when another was founded on the site of the Brimmer school
on Common Street, and was then known as Mr. Cheney's
school and subsequently as the Franklin School.

In 1780 the schools were re-modelled : the North Latin
school was discontinued as a Latin school : the Heading
schools separated from the writing department, and the
whole placed under the direction of a school committee
chosen annually by the town : since then many new schools
have been founded.

In 1789, Sept. 23d., a committee composed of one from
each ward was appointed to draft a new system of education;
their report was made and accepted Oct. 16th; they pro-
posed to continue but one Latin grammar-school and to es-
tablish three reading schools in appartments separated from
the writing schools : candidates of admission to be 7 years of
age " having previously received instruction usual at the
women's schools " : children of both sexes to be admitted ;
boys the year round, and girls from April to October ; a com-
mittee of twelve to be chosen annually, who in conjunction
with the selectmen, should exercise all the powers usually
delegated to the selectmen and school committees : this sys-
tem was immediately commenced by the appointment of

BOSTON NOTIONS. 169

the first school committee Oct. 20, 1789 : — In 1790 a brick
building of two stories was erected on the south side of
School street, for a Latin school-house and grammar-school
to accommodate 200 scholars in each story : — on the spot
where the Horticultural Society's building now is, and that
house was taken down in 1844.

In 1800 there were seven public schools in operation, in
which 7 masters were employed on salaries of $^666.66 and
an allowance of $200.00; together with 7 ushers at $333,33
with an allowance of SlOO.OO — the town tax that year was
$61,489.25 and for the schools $11,100.85.--In 1804 another
school-house for reading and writing was founded at the
corner of Hawkins and Chardon streets : — In 1 806 the num-
ber of scholars in all the schools was 1760 boys and 1030
girls.

In process of time the rule requiring applicants for admis-
sion, to be able to read by spelling the words, excluded a
large class of children whose parents were unable or unwil-
ling to instruct them, or to send them to private schools ; and
to obviate that difficulty in some measure, Sunday schools
were revived in 1816, in which it was the object of the man-
agers, besides conveying religious instruction, to prepare the
children for the English Grammar schools ; but the number
needing these advantages became so great, that it was nec-
essary for the town to supply these wants : a petition was
presented for the establishment of free schools for children
between the ages of 4 and 7 years : and a '' Board of Pri-
mary Schools " was established June 11, 1818; this board
at first was composed of three persons from each ward,
chosen by the school committee with powers to establish a
suitable number of schools, appoint teachers, &c. : that
committee was enlarged by the addition of one member for
each school, together with a standing committee of seven,
and a treasurer : — the children are here committed to the

170 BOSTON NOTIONS-.

care of female instructors who are selected from the worthiest
in point of moral and literary qualifications, and the poorest
receives the same attention as is bestowed on the more fa-
vored portion, and the whole may be said to be more care-
fully taught and more effectually watched and guarded in
their characters and conduct, than the same number of chil-
dren ever were before these infant schools were established.

The plan for founding the English Classical School (now
called THE High School) originated with the School Com-
mittee, June 17, 1820 ; the town immediately adopted it and
it went into operation in May, 1821. — No pupil to be ad-
mitted under 12 years of age and none to remain there longer
than three years : — this school commenced in the Derne-
street school-house, but was removed to the new building
corner of Pinckney and Centre streets in 1824.

Under the city charter, the care and superintendence of all
the public schools belongs to the school committee, of one
member chosen in each ward, together with the Mayor and
Aldermen ; a course of studies for the various schools is
marked out, with rules for the government of the scholars,
instructors and committee : The present improved system so
methodically arranged in all its parts if regularly pursued,
must insure improvement in the mind and manners of the
youth of Boston : in addition to the regular visits by a sub-
committee to each school, they all are visited and inspected
semi-annually by the general Committee, with the authori-
ties of the city, invited guests, parents and friends of the
youths ; the summer visitation is pre-eminently titled the
City School's Commencement: it is at this time the ambition
of the scholars is excited to evince the greatest improvement
for the past and present year, and the exhibition of oratorical
powers under correct guidance at the Latin and High schools,
falls but little short of similar exercises at any of our col-
leges : three of the best qualified boys at each school

/

BOSTON NOTIONS. 171

leceives a silver medal ; the parting gift of Benjamin Frank-
lin to the best youths of his town, through all time ; and a
similar number of the best girls are decorated with a similar
badge from the city treasury.

The Scholars of the Latin School removed to a splendidly
built edifice, pleasantly located on Bedford Street, in 1844.

The classes of schools now supported at the public ex-
pense from the city treasury, are 125 primary schools : 19
Gra^mmar Schools : — an English High School and a Latin
School : The official report of the Sub-Committee of the
Latin School made Aug. 4, 1846, states the school to be in
^^ its usual perfectly satisfactory condition, and that the whole
'^ number of pupils was 136 — average attendance in July 126.''
The report on the English High School of same date,
states that school to be "in its usual good condition,^ ^ but
without naming the number of Scholars — both the above re-
ports occupying 12 lines; and the official report of the
School Committee on the 19 grammar schools, occupies
about 160 pages of close printed matter on the subject of the
answers, correct and incorrect, made by the scholars to ques-
tions from the committee : but without specifying the num-
ber of girls distinct from the boys.

^The primary schools were established in 1818 and are
under the management of a primary school committee :
children from 4 to 7 years of age are here instructed by
females in the elementary branches of education : — distinct
*' schools for special instruction," taught also by females
were introduced in 1840, under the management of the
same committee : these schools are for the preparation of
those beyond the age of 7 years, who are not properly qual-
ified to enter the grammar schools : — children are admitted
to the town schools at 7 years of age : the boys education
there closes at 14 years of age and the girls at 16.

The following table shows their present situafion.

172

BOSTON NOTIONS.

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BOSTON NOTIONS. 175

This table was made out from Mr. Shattuck's Census re-
port and from that of the School Committee.

The Salaries of tlie Instructors of the nineteen Grammar
AND Writing Schools, in 1846 was $86,700 00,
There are also schools at the House of Industry and House
of Reformation at S. Boston, paid for by special appropriation.

A school for colored children was founded by Abial Smith,
in 1812.

In 1814 a number of philanthropic Bostonians associated
and were incorporated as " The Boston Asylum for Indi-
gent Boys," and had their establishment in Charter Street
near Hanover Street : since 1834, the boys were removed to
Thomson's Island, 3 1-2 miles from Long wharf, with a
ground surface of about 140 acres : the object of this society
was for the care of boys who were without parents or not un-
der a parent's control ; and others whose conduct was obnox-
ious to the proprieties of good behaviour an 1 whose years were
yet too tender for the laws' severities or control ; and it has
been the means of returning to society many reformed and
steady citizens, who otherwise would have proved a scourge
to the community : a board of Directors for the association
was chosen in 1832, and $23,000 was subscribed for carrying
out their intentions ; Thompson's Island was purchased and
in March, 1835, this institution under the title of '' the Farm
School " which became identified with that of the "Asylum
for indigent boys; " a large building was there erected with
conveniences for the officers of the establishment and ac-
commodations for 300 boys : the farm is cultivated by the
boys between school hours : they are well taken care of :
they eat well, sleep well, work well and are happy : happy
in the variety of occupations there pursued, and the good and
kind counsels they receive, and also with as good an edu-
cation in every plain and useful department of learning as
igould be received at the citv firamraar schools.

174 BOSTON NOTIONS.

THE STATE HOUSE, 1798.

On the 4th of July, 1795, the comer stone of this agreeable
and sightly building on Beacon street, was laid with great
ceremony : it was drawn to its destined spot by fifteen white
horses, that being the number of the then confederated
states ; and laid by his Ex. Governor Samuel Adams, the
hero for liberty ; assisted by officers of the Grand Lodge of
masons, on land formerly owned by Gov. Hancock.

The building is 173 feet front-length and 61 deep; it ap-
pears externally, to be of two stories : the basement 20 feet
high, and the principal story 30 feet; this on the centre front,
is continued with an attic 60 feet front-length and twenty
feet high, covered with a pediment ; over which is a dome
50 feet diameter and 30 feet high, terminating with a circu-
lar look-out-house-lantern which is capped w^ith a gilded
cone : the basement story is finished in a plain neat manner
with a wing on each side of the centre compartments, 39 1-2
feet front-length ; the centre building is 94 feet, from which
in front, it has a projection of 14 feet, supported by seven
arches ; affording support to 8 corinthian stone columns of
thirty feet in length, thereby forming a beautiful veranda or
walk : the corner stone is laid 100 feet above the w^aters,
and the cone being 250 feet, makes it the most prominent
object on approaching the '' village," by water or land in
every direction; and from its lantern, which is reached by
170 steps, one of the most beautiful panoramas in the world
presents itself to the eye : on the east, the spacious bay of
the State and city, with its variegated shipping, water-
craft and steamboats ; its hundred Islands and Rocks ; the
country around filling up the rest of the circle, with, cultiva-
ted farms, hamlets, cottages, splendid buildings and coun-
try seats, rivers and ponds diversifying the scene : on
the north is Charlestown ; the navy yard. Bunker Hill
monument. Medford, &c. ; on the nortlr-west, the city of

, BOSTON NOTIONS. 175

Cambridge with its many University Halls; its superb and
capacious Library building; Astronomical Observatory;
Botanic Garden, &c.: — Watertowr^nd Brighton in the west
and south west: — the city of Roxbury, Dorchester and JNIil-
ton with its forever blue-encircled-hills in the south : with
Braintree and Quincy on the south east : — add to which, six
railroads and seven bridges from Boston, penetrating the ad-
jacent country in every direction, rivals that most splendid
of all panoramas, of nature combined with art, which travel-
lers have so much lauded in past years as in the Bay of Na-
ples : this sight is to be seen from the balcony at the top of
the dome, free for all visitors who sign their name in a book
for that purpose, at the foot of the stairway in the eastern
w4ng.

The open centre of the first story of the State House is
occupied by a colossal statue of Washington ; chiseled from
Italian marble by Chantry, at a cost of about $15,000 : this
is free to public inspection.

A SKETCH or chantry's WASHINGTON.

The western part of the first floor with its basement, is
improved by the Secretary of State and for the Adjutant
General's office : the eastern wing of the same story with a
finely lighted basement room, is improved with the Libraiy
belonging to the State : — the Land office and the State Trea-

176 BOSTOM NOTIONS.

Rurer's room : — -the second story of the east wing is divided
into convenient sized committee rooms, and over those
rooms is the splendid Sf^nate Chamber : — between the East-
ern and Western wing is the Representatives Chamber, be--
ing about 55 feet square and in height terminating with the
dome of the building : — in the western wdng are numerous
lobby rooms'on the second floor, for committees, &c. On
the third floor of the west wing, is the Governor's room and;
ante-chamber, and the fourth story is divided into three large'
committee rooms; the building cost ^133,333,33, and wa*.
first occupied in June, 1798.

ANCIENT AND MODERN NAMKS FOR THE STREETS IN BOSTON.
WITH A MAP OF BOSTON FOR 1722.

Having the pleasure of receiving from Thaddeus William IJarris, Esq.,.
Librarian of Harvard University, a voluntary offering of the following list of
the old Streets in Boston, copied by liimself, from a work published ii; 1732,.
containing 22 pages, we lay it before the public as an interesting relic of by-
gone times ; the size of the page of this curious volume on ancient statistics,
was about 6 inches by 2 1-4, with a title page as follows: -'The Vade
Merv7)i for America: or a Cumpmiion for Traders and Travtllers, j'c. Bos-
ton, N. E. Printed by S. Kneeland and T. Green, for D. Hendiman, at the
Bible and Three Crowns in Ann street. MDCCXXXII."
I. The Streets from the Fortification over the drawbridge {Hanover st.) to-

Hulsou's Point (Tiiompson's wharf,) at the north end.
From the gate to Eliot's corner (Essex st.) Orange st Present name.

To Bethune's corner, (West st.) Newbury st. , . ) At this time they:

To Haugh's corner, (School st.) Marlborough st. . [ are all Washingloiv.

To Colson's stone house, (Dock Square) Cornhill. ) street.
To Sun Tavern (Corn Court) thence to .lack.son's ) ^ . «, «

and Brooks' Corners and back to Ilutciimson-s. | ^^""^ -^- "^"'^^ ""''^•
From Jackson's corner, (Ann st.) over the draw bridge to the "
Cross tavern, Ann st.

Thence to the Swan Tavern, near Scarlet's wf. Fish st.

To the North Battery, Ship st. J

To the old Ferry way at Hudson's point, (Thompson's ) Commercial
wharf.) , . Lynst. )■ street.

H. Streets from Frog Lane (Boylslon st.) at tl south end of the Common
over the Mill bridge (Hanover st.) to Lyn st. (Commercial.)

From Frog lane (Boylston st.) to Clarke's corner. Common st. Tremont st.
Thence by JekyFs to the orange tree, (Court st.) Tramount st. Tremont r.
To the mill bridg-e, . (Blackstone st.) Hanover st. ) . ,,

To Clark's corner, (Prince st.) . Middle st. > tt_„^.' ^

Thrne;»cro.ssLvnst. tothe jea. North .st. )"ano\erH.

All Ann St.

BOSTOM NOTIONS.

177

■ IH. The Streets, Lanes and Alleys branching- from the StreeU above,

reckoning- from the Southward.
'1. From Orang-e street.

Crossing Orange St., both east and -west.

Running north westerly by the new church

Opposite to Harvard st. (IloUis) to the sea.

The next running east to the sea. .

Tiie next ruiuiing east by Loring's to the sea.

Fr >m Welles's corner w. to the sea, at the )
bottom ot'tlie common. . . . )

E- lot's conter C to Wmimill Point.
2. Leading from Newbury st.

From Barril's corner W. to the common. Sheaf's lane. Avery st

B ;t\vr*a Blin's and Duraat's iV.W. to common. Hogg Alley. Built upon.

Castle St.
Harvard st.
Benaet st.
Hollis St.
Beach st.

Frog Lane.

Essex St.

The same now.
Hollis St.
S. Bemiet st.
Harvard st.
Beech st.

Boylston st.

The same now-

West St.
Pond St.

Winter st.
Summer st.

Milk St.

The same now.
Bedford st.
The same now.
The same now.

The same now.
Same now.

• Batteryraarch

School St. The same now
sea. Beacon *t. do.

From Coweil's corner W. to the common.
Wiieeler's corner to'Bliui Lane.
Ellis's corner N. W. to the common.
Bjthune's corner east to the sea.

3. LiCading from Marlboro' st. (Washington)

From Brisco's corner N. W. to Common st. Rawson's lane. Bromfield st.
South Church corner eastwardly to the sea,

Ibrmerly Fort st

From Hallowel's corner in Milk st. S. E.

by S. Battery to Gibb's lane. ,
H.ingh's corner iV. W. to Whitcomb's cor.
Thence by the north side of the common to

4. Leading from Cornhill, (Washington.)
From Clark's corner east to JolUff's lane.
P lillip's corner, east, to Mackril lane.
AVebster's Arch, westward.
Round the old Church, (Joy's building)
From W. end of the town house E. to Long wf. King st
Deering's corner N. W. to the Orange Tree

Thiuce north to the end of Cold lane, (Port-
land St.) to ilie Mill pond.

The way leading troin BUI and Smilli's cor-
ner into Cambridge st. ...
-5. Leading from Dock square.

From Sun tavern east to Merchant's row. Corn Market. Faneuil Hall aq

Spring lane.
Water st.

The same now-
The same now.

Savages's ct. Williams' ct.
Church sq. Cornhill sq.
State St.
Queen st. Court st.

Sudbury st. The same now.

Hawkins st.

do

Between Plutchin^on's and Colson, to Brattle st.

thence S. to Queen st. (Court) and N. to Wing's

lane, (Elm st.)

From Pollard's corner in Brattle St. W. to Green 1

and Walker's corner in Queen st. (Court) . J
From Brook's corner west to Hanover st.
. From the Conduit at Dork Head N. W. crossing |

Hauover street to the Mill Poud. j

i Brattle st. |

Part of it

is Franklin

avenue.

Hiller's lane. Brattle st.
Wing's lane. Elm st.
Union st. Same now.

178 BOSTON NOTIONS.

6. Learlin? from Ann street. ( North
From Pitts's corner round on tlie dock toPits's wf. Fish Market. ( Mar. .st.

Checkley's entry N. W. to Creek lane. . Scottow's alley. Scott al.

Tyler".s corners to the whariTes. Swiiigbridge lane n. part of ?vTerchant's r.

Simpkiu's corner east to the wharfTe. Royal's Alley. Blackstone .st.

Tyler's corner west to Middle st. . Paddy's alley. North Centre st.

Allen's corner east to the wood wharfTe. Wentworth's lane. Barrett st.

At N. end of Ann st. from the sea N. W. to the mill ) p,^ ,, . c^, ,^ ,, ,.,
1 /TT AT 1 . V ■ Cross St. ba ue ow.

pond (Hay Market square.) . . . . j

7. Leading- from Fish street.

From Dr. Clark's corner N W. to Middle st. Gallop's alley. Mechanic nl.
Edward's corner N.W. to Middle st. . ^Yood lane. PLJchmon;! si.

Mountford's corner by the E. side of N. church* ] ^^^^^^ ^^_ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^._

Gardner's corner N.W. to the N. church. . Sun Court. Same now.

At the north end of Fish .st. from Scarlet's wf. } p, c,

to the upper end of Middle st. (Hanover) j ^ ^'"^^ ^^- ^''™'^ "''^' '

8. Loading- from Ship street.

From Richard's corner W. by new N. church ) po-tpr st CHr'- <;t
to North .St. I " ■ ^ • '^ ■- •

Bill's corner W. to North st. . . . Whitebread al. Bartlett st.

Salutation tavern W. to North st. . . Salutation al. Same now.

Parkman's corner W. to North st. . . Battery al. Battery st.

9. Leading from Lyn street.

Through Greenough's shipyard S.W. to) r. „ i- i c<

^, 2,^„ „, , o i J I Greenough s al. Same now.

Charter street. . . . . j ^

From Aves's corner S. to Charter street. Henchman's lane. Same now.

By William's S.W. to Charter st. . Sliding alley. P\isler st.

From A'.kin's limi kiln S.W. to N. burying place. Lime alley. Lime si.

"""o' Fe'V'wlmrffe'''^'".'' "'"'.''' ''"' } ^e-yway. Commercial st.

10. Leading from Hanover street.

From Harris's corner N.W. to Mill Pond. Cold lane. Poribnd st.

Ballantine's corner S. to Fitch's cor. in Union st. Marshal's 1. .\rarslKilI st.
Star tavern N. to the mill Link alley. Union st.

11. Leading from Middle street.

From the mill bridge northerly to Gee's cor. in Prince st. Back st. Salem fX.

Wales's corner to Back st Beer lane. Cross st.

Morril's corner N.W. to Chirlestown ferry. Prince st. Same now.

Wadsworih's corner east to N. church, (North sq.) Bell alley. Prince si.
End of Mi Idle st. N.W. to Salem st. . Bennet st. North Bennct st.

12. Leading from North street.

From Stephen's corner N.W. to Salem st. Love lane. Tileston st.

* The Church referred to, was the Second church in Boston, in the
North Square, which was staved to pieces by the British in 1771, for the
bsuefit of I'uel.

BOSTON XOTIOXS. 179

R^insford's corner ranmng by N. side of the ) ^^^^^^^ ,^ g^^^ ^^^

burying^ place to ferry way, . . . )

From Rack's corner in Cliarter st. W. to ) g^j g

Hairod s comer in Prince st. . . .J

IV. Other cross Streets and Lanes.
. From South end to Dock square.

Leading from Essex st. S W. to Beach st. Ransford's lane. Harrison av.
The next running- North to Pond st. . Short street. Same how.

Crossing- the east end of Essex street from Hill's )

wharffe N. to Summer st J South st. Same now.

Ljading from Summer st. from Clark's corner N. .)

W. to Brown's corner i;i Milk st. . . J Bishop's al. Hawley st.

From the new South church W. to Pond st. Blind lane. Bedford st.

Mercy's corner N.E. to Fort hill. . . . Cow lane. High st.
The ropewalk running N.E. out of Summer st. to )

Balterymarch j ■ ) Belcher's 1. High st.

The bottom of Summer st. S. to Windmill point. Sea st. Same now.

From the bottom of Summer st. N.E. by the sea )

and runnnig to the ropewalk. . j Flounder I. Broad st.

li

Crooked Alley. Brick Alley.
Gray's Lane. Atkinson st.

Ways leading from Belcher's lane ■{ 3. Gridley's Lane. Gridley st.
N'. to Cow lane. 4. Tilley's Lane. Pearl st.

{5. Gibb's Lane. Belmont st.

!1. Long Lane. Federal st.
2. Atkinson st. Same now.
3. Hutchinson st. Pearl st.
4. Oli-ver st. Same now.

AVays leading from Long lane into Atkin- ) 1. Round 1. Williams st.

son's St. easterly j 2. Bury st. C banning st

From Round lane, north into Bury st. Sister st. Same now.

•From N. E. side of Fort hill to Batterymarch. Sconce lane. Hamilton st.
( 1. JoUiff's lane. S. part Devon, st.
Ways from Milk st. N. to Water st. | 2. Tanner's lane. Bath street.
( 3. Cooper's alley. Kilby street.
-From Drummer's corner in School st. S. W.

to Rawson's lane Governor's alley. Same now.

From Beacon st. N.W. to Allen's orchard Davies lane. Walnut st.

From Alford's corner to Century hill. . Century st. Belknap st.

From Beacon st. northerly to Cambridge st. George st. Same now.

( L Pudding I. Devonshire st.
AVays from King st. loutherly to Water st. \ 2. Leverett's J. Congress st.

( 3. Mackril 1. Kilby st.
From Maccarty's corner turning into Pudding lane. Half Court square.
S^'rom Mackril lane E. to the dock. . Lobster alley. Doane st.
JFTom Mackril lane E. by Hallowel's wf to the sea. Crab I. Same now.

^on, Ki,„ s„ee, northerly i„,o Dock sq. } ^; l^li^-^i^^^t eS=„7,^,,

180 BOSTON NOTIONS.

From King st. into Cora Market. . Peirce's alley. Chaiig-e alley-

From Faneuil's cor. round to Woo;lmansies ) _ , ,

M'harffe . I Merchant's row. Same now.

3. From Orange Tree in Queen st. to the western part of the town, leading
from Sudbury st. northwest.
From Bowdoin's corner W. . . . Southack's ct. Same now.

Ernmon's corner, running by the windmill to the sea. Cambridge st. do
Lea-Aing out of Cambridge st. S. W. into Southack's ct. Stoddard's 1. do.
The new way leading N. E. from Cambridge st. 1 , , . , _,

by Copelin-s into Sudbury St. . . | Alden s 1. Same now.

Froin Welles" corner N. W. to Barton's Point. Green st. Part llic same.

Leading from Cambridge st. northerly into ( l' f ^Y,',^'|g^!^ *^' \ f^H the same

Green Si j . 3." Chamber st. j '"'^^"•

From Green st. N.E. to the Mill Pond. . Gooch lane. Gooch st.
3. From Dock square to the north end, leading lYom Union street.

From Royal's house W Minot's court. Scott cl.

Webb's corner east to Creek lane. . . Marsh lane. Same now.

Bow's corner E. to do Salt lane. do.

From .lephson's corner in Marshal's lane east ) , , ^

to Scottow's alley | Creek lane Creek square.

From N. W- end of Cross st. by the Mill Pond ) ^, , ,^^ ^ ,.

side north ] ^^'^ Way. Endicott st.

The space on the South side of the north church. Clark's sq. North sq.

From Bell Alley corner N. to Fleet st. . Garden Court. Same now.

From Salem st. N. W to Snow street. | ^- ^J^^p-^*^ ^^- Both the sa

me now.

From Travis's corner in Prince st. N. to Hudson's pt. Snow st. Snowhill .=t.
The number of streets are GO. Lanes 41. Alleys 13. Besides Squares,
Courts, &.C.

PAPER MONEY OF 1690, WITH A FACSIMILE OF A
20 SHILLING COLONY NOTE,

This emission of paper currency was cansed by " the
poverty and calamities of the country," which were induced
chiefly by the expedition against Canada in 1690. Gov.
Shirley in his speech of 1746, states that this expedition
'^ cost the single Province of Massachusetts about £50,000,
with the loss of an abundance of their young men, and gave
this Province so deep a wound, that it did not recover itself
for many years after."

Q

THES :

SKlLLlt

Golomy \
e-aiLal to
acce/ptec

fabordlL
ayrLcLl'or <
IreaiLi/r
Fetruar
tke^ Gie/n

rHI5 I rvfile nt*cl Bill oTTwem »x ^•>-
SKUlt n. a/ due from (he Ma/IacKuic » ^
CoUn/ to tKe.|yT«iror HiaU b«.Mi vilac^^o
•oKilto money 2r Ik all !>•■ 'ace crraing'.'
accapledhy tKfc Irutfurer a«^aKec«ve/Tj
(abovJlintt«. toKun tntlliublulL paym.,
a^\cl^or»4Y ^took liMtytuvnA urutka-Oto
Jrea(u/ry. Dolton.t/*u New~£,ngl«A(L
feisriury tfu tKir<U I^Oc^By OrdUr af

BOSTON N0T10^S. 181

NOTICE OF THE FIVE MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEE OF
FINANCE FOR 1690.

Elislia Hutchinson, was the son of Capt. Edward Hutch-
inson, and grandson of Wm. and Ann Hutchinson, He was
born in Boston in 1G41 and educated a merchant ; was an
Assistant under the first charier in 1684 — about 1692 was
appointed commander-in-chief of the forces against the
French and Indians in the Province of Maine — and was
chief justice of the court of Common Pleas — he was the
grandfather of Gov. Hutchinson.

John Phillips, w^as of Chailestown — member of the artil-
lery company in 1680 — 'representative to the General Court
1683 to 1686 — member of the council of safety in 1689 and
Treasurer of the Province — and one of the first counsellers
under the new charter of 1691 and in office till 1716 — he
died March 20, 1725, aged 94.

Timothy Thornton, was son of Rev. Thomas Thornton of
Yarmouth, Mass., one of the ejected clergy under the act
of uniformity in 1662, educated a merchant and at an early
date removed to Boston, where he enjoyed the public re-
spect in a high degree: he was of the financial committee
in 1690 : ensign of the Artillery co. in 1691 and representa-
tive to the State Legislature in 1693, 4 and 5.

Peter Townsend, was a son of Wra. Townsend, born in
Boston, Dec. 20, 1651 ; was Speaker of the House of Repre-
fientatives in 1690: several times captain of the Artillery
company, and one of the Council in 1721.

Wait Winthrop, was son of John Winthrop, Gov. of Con-
necticut, educated a physician — chief of the Supreme court
of Massachusetts — one of the Council in 1692 — Captain of
the Artillery Company. Thomas L. Winthrop, Lt. Gov. of
Massachusetts, was his great grandson.

The following extract from an address to the Worshipful
EusHA Hutchinson, Esq., in 1691, is of historical value,

182 BOSTON NOTIONS.

and as one of ihe Jirst financial documents publit^hed ia
America.

" Moreover, it is to be remembied, that nothing is Levied
on this People but by their oivn Consent m a General As-
sembly. And they deserve not the name of Englishmen.
that are not more ready, and count it not more easie. to part
with a pound in this way, then a penny in the former Arbi-
trary Mode." "All the Taxes hitherto raised, have bin
most advantageously Employed. Our Present Rulers, have
no personal benefit by them ; The}' spend their time and
care, and are at cost too, for the Common Weal, and would
count themselves well paid for all, in the Contentment, of the-
people. The great complaint is. that our ventursome Ex-
pedition to Canada hath run us into Debt. It should be
Considered that the voice of the people every where called for
it. Our Neighbors in the West made us believe they would
lay all the mischief that shoukl be done by the French at
our doorSy if we did not attempt it : such Importunities with
assurances of aid by Land did first engage us and oblige us.
Had the West not failed us, we had certainly bin Masters of
Canada ; and then our Expedition had been as much ExtoVd
as now it is Despised! It was not a thing too big for us,.
for notwithstanding the failure m the West, and the delays
of some among ourselves, till the Season was too far spent for
any Great thing to be done ; add also the scanfiness of our
Ammunition, with the smallness of our Army ; yet the mis-
sing of Qucbcck is hardly accountable to rational Satisfacfion.
Besides, the French had Assaulted us by Land before we
visited them by Sea ; and that short visit we made them,
we are assured has preserv'd our Country from further As-
saults of theirs upon us. Nor is it rational to think that we
can ever have a settled peace, while Canada is in French
hands; if there should be a peace between the two crowns^
we may fear, they way. as they have boasted they vilL by

BOSTON NOTIONS. 183

setting;- iheir Dogs (the Indians) upon ns to make America too
hot for us. Hence also the reducing of it unto the English
Empire, was a Design wherein was manifest as the desire of
our own future Welfare, so of doing the greatest Service to
the crown of England. The Design seemed to be as well
laid as any that was ever undertaken in these parts of the
World ; and it had been dangerous to have delayed it unto
another year; for had they not gone with the fleet to Can-
ada, a thousand Boss-Lopers had been upon our Country
Towns and laid them waste. Prayers and Hopes for the
Good Issue of that Expedition, met not with a total Disap-
pointment, nor do we yet see the whole Issue : the business
is not over yet. If Heaven hath frovrned on us, it calls us to
Beivayl our sin, and not increase it by denying the payment
of Debts this way contracted, or spending our fury on any
that were active in this Affair. That were to carry it not
like Inglishmen, much less like Christians. Let men be-
ware tliey do not provoke God to make these Canada Ene-
mies as fiery serpents, to sting Murmurers at and Despisers
of Divine Providence.

Upon the Difficulties and Necessities'^ which ' the Country
hath been brought into, a better way could not well be
thought upon, than the bills of credit now passing (or that
should pass so) among us. Silver we have not enough in
the Country, to do which must be done, more being usually
Exported than is Imported. And why may we not do as
well without it, as other Plantations oi America J The Coun-
try in the General Court, have Recognized or Acknowledged,
a Debt of so many thousand pounds unto them that have
been the Servants of the Public. The Credit conveyed by
those Bills now Circulates from one hand to another
men's dealings are, until the Publick Taxes call for it. It is
then brought into the Treasurer's hands from which it goes
not out again." Statistical remarks, next page.

184 BOSTON NOTIONS,

STATISTICAL RIMARKS ON CANADA.

Canada was discovered in 1497, by John and Sebasliam
Cabot. In 1525 it was visited by Verrazini, a FlorentinCj.
who took possession of the country for the crown of France.
In 1535 Jaques Cartier explored the river St. Lawrence on
St. Lawrence's day, and hence its name : in 1608 a settle-
ment was made which was the first recorded as having
been permanently made on this continent, and that is now
occupied by the city of Quebec. A settlement had been
attempted about 1605, near the river St. Croix and at Port
Royal, but they were broken up in 1614, by Samuel Argal.
Quebec surrendered to the British under Kirk in 1627, but
restored to France by a treaty of peace. In 1663 that colony
was constituted a Royal government of France. In 1759 it
was conquered by the British forces under General Wolfe;,
and was by a treaty at Paris in 1763 ceded to Great Britain.

rORT HILL rORTinCATION. JAW. 23, 1635.

''Item. It is likewise agreed that for the raysing of a new
work of fortification on Fort Hill, about that which is there
alreddy begunn, the whole town would bestowe fourteen
days work by equall proportion, and for this end Mr. Deputie,
Mr. Henry Vane, Mr. John Winthrop, Sen., Mr. Wm. Cod-
dington, Mr. John Winthrop, Jun'r., Capt. John Underbill
and Mr. Wm. Brenton were authorized as commissioners,
that they or the greater part of them, should sett down how
many days work would be equall for each man to doe, and
what money such should contribute beside their work, as
were of greater abilities and had fewer servants that there-
with provision of tooles and other necessaries might be made
and some recompense given to such of the poorer sort as
should be found to be overburdened with their fourteen
dayes work, and Mr. John Cogan is chosen treasurer, and
Mr. Wm. Dyer, Clarke ; for the furtherence of this work,

BOSTON NOTIONS, 185

the work also is to be gone in hand with, soe soone as
weather will permitt; regard that the Ingineere, Mr. Lyon
Ganner whoe doth soe freely offer his help thereunto, hath
>but a short time to stay. Money lent to this work.

By the Deputy [Gov.] £5. Mr. Vane £5. Mr. Winthrop £5.
Mr. Coddington £5. Mr. Winthrop, Jr, £5. Mr. Keayne
£5. Hutchinson £5. Mr. Cogan £5. Mr. Oliver and Thos.
Leveritt £5. Mr. Coggeshall and Mr. Hardinge £5.

1642. The court of assistants condemned to death James
Britten and Mary Latham for adultery : the woman was
young and handsome and not 20 years of age : they both
suffered the penalty with great penitence.

1660. May. William Robinson and Marmaduke Steven-
son were condemned to be hanged for being Quakers, and
cominiT among puritans and calvinists, and the sentence was
fulfilled. Joseph Nicholson and his wife Jane were allowed
to leave the jurisdiction or suffer the same fate for being
Quakers, but preferring the former, they returned to England.

ROGER WILJ.IAMS.

Roger Williams was born in Wales, 1599 : — educated at
Oxford : came to N. England at Nantasket, Feb. 5, 1631 : —
settled as a teacher in Salem, April 12, 1631; — went to
Plymouth the same year and preached : — returned in 1633
and was pastor of the society there on the decease of their
minister Mr. Skelton : was banished Nov. 1635: — went to
R. Island, 1636, and laid the foundation for that colony : —
went to England in 1643 for a charter which he obtained
and landed in Boston, Sept. 1644; — he was again in England
from 1651 to 1654, and on his return was chosen president
of that Colony till 1657 : — this earliest and boldest champion
of the rights of all men '' fully to have and enjoy their own
judgements and consciences in matters of religious concern-
ment," died at Providence in April, 1683, aged 84, tut not
a sto'ie has been raised to mark his sepulture or to bear him

186 BOSTON NOTIONS.

in remembrance, and the spot of his burial place is not
known: his descendants are numerous.

6th month Aug. 23, 1630. It is ordered that sawyers shall
not take above 4s. 6d. per hundred for boards att 6 score to
the hundred if they have their wood felled and squard for
them and not above 5s. 6d. if they fell and square their
wood themselves.

It is ordered that John Goul worth shall be whipt and after-
wards sett in stocks for felony commhted by him whereof
he is convicted by his own confession, also Henry Lyn shall
be whipt for the like offence and John Boggust and John
Pickrun to sett in the stocks 4 hours together at Salem for
being accessory thereunto.

It is ordered that John Baker shall be whipt for shooting a
fowl on the Sabbath da}^.

25th of 9th moneth. This day John Seaberry, a seaman
hath with leave bought our brother Master Merryes house
and half an acre under it in the mylne field and so is allowed
for an Inhabitant; 30th day of 1st moneth, 1640.

1632. Aug. 14. Great store of eels and lobsters in the
bay; 2 or 3 boys have brought in a bushel of eels and CO
great lobsters at a time.

10th day 9th month, 1634. Imprimis, that Hogg Island'
shall be lotted out unto the inhabitants and freeman of this-
towne, according to the number of names in every family by-
John Copall, Wm. Brenton and John Samford, and that
none shall fell any wood there untill the same be lotted out..
18th same month. Imprimis, it is agreed that Mr. Win-
throp, Mr. Coddington, Mr. Bellingham, Mr. Cotton, Mr.
Oliver, Mr. Colborne and Wm. Balstone, shall have to divide
and dispose of all such lands belonging to the towne [as are-.
not yet in the lawfull possession of any particular person] to-
the inhabitants of the towne accordmg to the orders of the
court, leaving such portions in cornmon for the use of new

BOSTON NOTIONS. 187

comers, and the further benefitte of the town, as in their
best discretion they shall think fitt — the islands hyred by the
tovvne to be also included in this order.

Item. That no swine above 12 weekes oiild shall be suf-
fered to goe att libertie on the necke, but kept in a yarde
upon penaltie for every swine otherwise suffered 9d. for
every day soe taken and this order also to bee looived unto
by the aforesaid brethren.

23d 11th month, Jan. 1635. Imprimis, at this meeting
Thomas Marshall is by general consent chosen for the keep-
ing of a ferry from mylne poynt unto Charlestown and to
Wynnyseemit and to take for his ferrying unto Charlestown
as the ferryman there hath and unlo Wynnyseemitt for a
single person 6d. for twoe 6d. and for every one above the
number of twoe 2d a piece.

14th 10th month. Item. That the poorer sort of inhabi-
tants, such as are members or likely to be and have no cat-
tle shall have their proportion of allottments for planting
ground and other assigned unto them by the allotters and
laid out at Muddy river, by the afore named five persons,
[viz. Wm. Colborne, Wm. Aspynwall, John Sampford, Wm.
Balstone and Richard Wright] or four of them : those that fall
betweene the foot of the hill and the water to have but four
acres upon a head and those that are farther off to have five
acres for every head — the plott to begin next muddy river.

12th of 10th moneth. 1636. It is agreed that not above
one dwelling house shall be built upon any one lott without
the consent of the townes overseers.

10th of lOth moneth. 1638. It is agreed that Arthur
Perrye shall have yearly allowed him for his drumming to
the company upon all occasions the sume of £5 to be paid
by the towne. As he grew old, they appropriated £4 for
him to prepare one or two young men as drummers.
P

188 BOSTON NOTIONS.

BIRTH PLACE OF, AND SOME EVENTS IN THK
LIl'E OF EENJ. FRAKKLiK.

la the biography of Dr. Franklin, by Jared Sparks, it is
Gtated that he was born Sunday, Jan. 6, 170G, Old Style;
the same as Jan. 17 New Style, and was baptized ihat day at
the OIJ South Church : his lather Josiah Franklin, lived
nearly op'.Obile the South front ci that meeting house, the
site Oi which is now covered with a handsome granite build-
ing, having on its upper front, these words; ''the birth
Pi.ACK OF fraim-:lij^ '"

Soon afler the above date they removed to the corner of
Union and Hanover Sis. where little Benjamin at 10 years of
age aidei-l his father in his tallow chandlery business, cutting
wicks for candles, cic, but this employment became irk-
some and he wished to go to sea, but that was firmly opposed
by his father : at 12 years of age he was bound an appreriu--^
to his brcjther James Franklin, who was a printer : Jamt.-
was not married, and Benj. boarded out, but on adopting the
habits of a plain vegetable diet, he offered to take care of
liimself for one half the amount weekly paid for his board ;
by which means he gained lime for study and also funds for
the purchase of books: his repast generally consisted of a
slice of bread or a biscuit, a handful of raisins or a tart from
the pastry cooks', with a glass of water: James Franklin es-
tablished the 4th newspaper in this country Aug. 21, 1721 ;
It was entitled the "new England courrant;-' this paper
was enriched with original essays, displaying considerable
ability and wit : handling with great freedom the vices and
follies of the day : much of it wiitten by Benjamin : the se-
verity of some of the lampoons or caustic compositions, re-
ceived the notice of the general assembly, who without any
form of a trial sentenced James to one month's imprison-
ment, and when he was discharged they passed an order,
that '• Jaraes Frdu/din should no longer print the newspaper
aillel the New Emxlarid Conrrard."'

BOSTON NOTIONS. PAGE 188.

AN ENGRAVED REPRESENTATION OF

THE BUILDING WHERE DR. BENJ. FRANKLIN WAS BORN,
ON MILK STREET.

BOSTON KOTIOKS. 189

Benjamin then assumed the publication of the sheet, on
which occasion the bonds of his apprenticeship were partially
cancelled : disputes often taking place between the two
brothers, and Benj. being sometimes struck by James in a
heat of passion, determined the former to leave Boston for
N. York : he arrived there in 1723, but not meeting with any
encouragement he pushed for Philadelphia, and there was
employed by Andrew Bradlbrd : soon his prospects bright-
ened, and with a letter from the Governor, Sir \\m. Keith to
Benjamin's father, he visited Boston. April, 1724, to obtain
aid by funds, to set up a printing oiiice in Philadelphia for
himself, but which aid was withheld on account of his youth:
he returjied to Phila. and the Governor said, if the father
would not set him up in business, that he would : he then
apparently commissioned Benj. for a voyage to England for
the purchase of a press and types : he arrived there Dec. 24,
1724, but on presenting the letters which were supposed to
contain appropriate means for the purchase of an oliice, he
did not meet with any reception appertaining to the subject
of his voyage, and was there obliged to work as a printer for
a support, and to gain funds for a return heme : he left there
July 23, 1726, and on arriving in Phila. he again went to
work as a journeyman printer : in the course ot a few months
he opened an oflice in connection with a man by the name
of Meredith; and then met with good success hi bu^ilIess,
which was well deserved for his probity, talents, temperance
in all things, industry and punctuality : he formed literary
and library clubs and associations, and interested himself in
the general and local concerns of the city to advance its
prosperity.

Franklin and ivlerediih commenced publishing the " pen-
SYLVAisiA GAZETTE," Sept. 25, 172J, but in July, 1730, that
partnership was dissolved, Franklin assuming it alone : he
then instructed himself ia the French, Spanish and Latin
lancua^os.

190 BOSTOI? NOTIONS.

In 1732 he issued his '^ Poor Richard's Almanac/' which
passed through three editions, and lor 25 years it was pub-
lished by him with profit, celebrity and honor.

In 17.37, at the age of 31 years, he was Postmaster for
Phila., in 1753 he became Postmaster General, in conjunc-
tion with Wm. Hunter, for the Colonies, m place of the pre-
vious incumbent, [Col. Spotswood] deceased.

In 1752 he was voluntarily presented by Yale College
with the degree of Master of Arts ; and the next year he re-
ceived a similar honor from Harvard Uuiversity : the same
year, 1763. he was unanimously elected member of the
Royal Society in London, without any solicitation on his part
freed from their usual assessment of twenty five guineas for
membership, and presented with the society's gold medal,
accompanied with a handsome speech from its president,
Lord Macclesfield ; and while a plenipotentiary in Europe
from his own government, was presented to five Kings, and
with the King of Denmark dined.

We have now recorded some few of the scenes and cir-
cumstances attending the life of this truly great and eminent
man; eminent for his superior talents, industry, rectitude
and usefulness through a long life, and equally eminent for
the high honors which attended him ; and we hope it will
make a deep and lasting impression on the mind of our
youth, that the three greatest men our country has ever pro-
duced, viz., Washington, Franklin and Bowditch, were self
taught from the commencement of their career, and yet
received high collegiate honors.

Benj. Franklin died April 17, 1790, aged 84 years and
3 months. Josiah Franklin, father of Benjamin, came to
Boston from England in 1685. He was the father of seven-
teen children, who all grew up to years of maturity and were
married ; but at this day no male issue is living to perpet-
uate his family lineage. The Franklin family in our early

BOSTOM NOTIOMS. 191

record of the iahabitants of Boston, at page 50, were not of
that branch of Franklin's, or had it the mcst remote relation
to the family of the great Philosopher.

Note. 17G3, elevenlh line frcni lop, pajrc 130, should be 1753.

NEW ENGLAND FEMALE MORAL REFGKM SOCIICTT.

In the year 1839 a number of ladies formed an association
for the benevolent purpose of assisting and reclaiming irom
i the paths of folly and vice the many young and unprotected
females who throng the city for employment. There is gen-
erally in the youthful mind and feelings, powerful incentives
to error ; to depart from the sober and steady course through
life marked out by wisdom and experience, and many are
allured to participate in some present beckoning plea^-ure,
which weakens the confidence of friends and the elevating,
sustaining consciousness of innate innocence : the ladies
MORAL REFORM AssociATiON, On all occasious of tliis nature,
which may come to their knowledge, exercibe their benev-
olent exertions for their protection at their appropriated Reform
house; affording them shelter and support, with maternal so-
licitude for their future rectitude of conduct and welfare ;
the number yearly assisted by the society has varied from
about 100 to 150; some of whom have received protection
and support at various times when leaving a situation, which
through, their own well regulated intelligence oiiice, at
No. 13 Bedford Street^ a new and suitable situalion may
be soon obtained.

That this society has done much good, there is abundant
evidence in the change of habits and manners of many of
the females ; thereby showing, that they put a higher e^li-
mate on life and its uses than to shorten it by intemperance
and vice, and embitter its day.s with sad violations of the
laws of God and man, of nature and of reason; when they
seem also to realize, that the bodily system for a time, may

p*
I

192 BOSTON NOTIONS.

Beera to withstand the trials it is doomed to endure from
reckless indulgences, yet, that the debtor and credit side of
the account is being pretty regularly kept, and that a reck-
oning may and will be called for, by sickness and perhaps
by an early death.

The Ladies Moral Reform Association, is governed by a
President. Mrs. John Kilton : — 25 Vice Presidents — 9 Mana-
gers— an Executive Committee of 9 — Secretaries, &c. ; all
acting under the influence of one of their beautiful resolves,
viz. " that would we raise the fallen, we must sympathize
with them.''

Their Reform house is No. 36 Charles Street. Mrs.
Blaisland, Matron.

SMALL POX AND KINE POCK.

In the years 1649, 1665, 1678 and 1690, the small pox
spread among the inhabitants of Boston with great destrnc-
tion of life: in 1702, 313 persons died under its power: in
1721, 5759 persons had it in the natural way, and that num-
ber was a large half of the whole popularion : of whom 844
died : at this time Dr. Zabodiel Boylslon dared to inoculate
three of his own household, which resulted in complete suc-
cess ; this experiment was violently oppposed by the rest of
the medical faculty, who carried public opinion with them :
the clergy were in favor of inoculation and most fortunate
and happy results have crowned his genius and his memory
and their prescience.

In 1730 aboyt 4000 cases of small pox occurred; one
tenth of whom were inoculated : at this time, it carried off
about 500. In 1752 it again appeared amongst the then
15,684 inhabitants : 7669 were supposed to have then re-
ceived the disease : many of the citizens removed from the
town, and all residents but n4, had it either by inoculation

BOSTON NOTIONS. 193

or the natural way : 2124 were treated by the first method,
of whom 30 died: 5545 were seized with it, of whom 539
died : it again made ravages in the years 1764; 1776, and
1778; but with less painful ciicumstances : from 1811 to
1820, but six deaths occurred by small pox : from 1821 to
1830, eight deaths: from 1831 to 1838 thirty nine deaths,
and those mostly at Rainsford Island: a law was then in force
for removing all infected persons with small pox, to the hos-
pital at that place : and they were treated with proper care
and attention, and on that healthy spot they were generally
restored ; in 1836, a resistance was made to that law as be-
ing unconstitutional, which occasioned its repeal ; and in
1839 sixty deaths occurred: in 1840 115 deaths, and eince
then, above 200 have died with it.

Vaccination with the virus from Cow pock matter, was a
discovery made by Dr. Jenner of England, and introduced
here about the year 1800, by Dr. Benj. Waterhouse, which
proved an effectual substitute for, and preventive against the
small pox ; life is not endangered by it or the face disfigured,
and the city authorities have made provision for a free vac-
cination of all who apply for it by the Port physician, who
safely operated on 3965 persons, during the years 1814 and
5 ; in 1846, on 5592; and in 1847 on 1263; and the cases ex-
amined with a view to test a safety from previous vaccina-
tion, have equalled the above in number — the cases of
small pox which came under the care of the Port physician
in 1846 were 142, and in 1847, 71.

ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES.

In 1779, this society was formed, and May 4th, 1780, a
Charter was granted under the title of The American
Academy of Arts and Sciences. The design of the insti-
tution was for the ''promotion and encouragement of the
" knowleJg3 of the antiquities of America and of the nat-

131 JSOSTO}< K0T1(),\$.

'• ural hi-j!orj of tlis country and to determine the uses to
'' whic'i tlia various prolajlions of tiie country may be ap-
''piio'i; to pronota and encoura^-e medical discoveries,
" ni i:a.nni ical disquisilions, philosophical inquiries and
'• Q'Liid.w^.iU] 'astroio.aioal, meteorological^ and geograph-
" io.il oji3rvatio.i-> : improvemeiits in agriculture, arts, com-
'' marcj, and mi.iuraclurei, and in lii-ie, to cultivate every
'' art a li sjie uj wnich nil/ tend to advance the interest,
'•'honor, digiiity, and li;ippi..ess of a free, independent
'•'and virtuous people."' This sotdely has done much in fur-
thera;ice of the objects for which it was formed^ and have
i.^sue.l a nuni'j^r of vokunes of its transactions, worthy of
b^ing perused, by all in quest of souiid principles in every
djpirtni3nt of Mjrihaiics and other sciences. Its library
comprises 6000 volumes of choice works, which is deposited
in the ALhena3um where the society hold its meetings.

TilE MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

Was incorporated Feb. 19, 1794. The design of this in-
stitution " is to collect, preserve, and communicate materials
' for a complete history of this country, and of all the valu-
' able edorls, of th'i i.jgeimity and iudustiy of its inhabitants.'^
Its Library comprises 7000 volumes and its museum is rich
and extensive, and considered an important acquisition to the
public, for increasing and extending knowledge in all the
useful braiiches pertaiiiiiig to a useful life and partaking of
the sciences. Their Hall, Library and Museum, is over the
Savings Ba.ik in Treniont Street. They have published 22
oota/o vol u lies of their tra.nsactioas, which rank very high
in public eslimation. The number of members in their so-
ciety is liraited to 60, consequently the changes and im-
provements are slow — die fee for membership is -$8, widi a
yearly assessment of ntS.

N:>TE. I'ai;.?. IOj; io'i-i. in the lOtli lin .' from the liotlom should be cr-
i-AtfiiJ, and liiu wgrd and iuaeried ui ihc Jili lina aUer Authoiojrjr.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 195

THX BOSTON LIBRARY SOCIITT.

Was incorporated June 17, 1794. The object of the soci-
ety was to make a collection of books in the sciences and
general literature*, for popular use ; more particularly of
those works which from their costliness or peculiar value
are not generally found in private collections and cannot
conveniently be obtained by individuals of moderate for-
tune ; that plan has been diligently and successfully pur-
sued and their library numbers 11,000 volumes; including
a good selection from French authors : the shares in this
Library originally were not transferable, and at the decease
of a holder, his share was bequeathed to the living members ;
as the society owned the Library building in the centre of
the south range of dwellings on Franklin Place, the surviv-
ing share-owners, raised the price of shares to twenty five
dollars, with an annual tax of two dollars for the increase
and preservation of the library. The shares are now trans-
ferable and do not cease with the death of a proprietor : their
Library in Franklin place is open on Thursday forenoons
and afternoons of Saturday, for the delivery of books to pro-
prietors.

THE ATHEN.EUM, WITH AN ENGRAVING.

For several years a number of Boston literary gentlemen
who conducted a literary publication called the Monthly
Anthology, issued proposals in 1806 for a public reading
room at 10 dollars per year to subscribers, which received a
large number of names to sanction the undertaking ; on the
popularity of the offer they concluded to add a library : in a
little time the donation of books for the institution amounted
to over one thousand volumes, when they transferred their
trust in the Anthology Reading Room and Library, to Trvstecs •
— their rooms were first opened in Congress street, after that
to ScoUay's buildings, and in 1810 on Common street north

133 B03T0N KOTIONS.

of tlis Chapsl buvjiag ground, and in 1822 they removed to
Peail stieet.

This po^Kilar aad important institution way incorporated
i;i 1S07 : its gi'and and ennobling plan ancb feature for the
establish n-jnt of a rich collecLion of Pilarble Statuary, Busts,
a id a gallery of choice paintings by celebrated ancient and
m.) lani artiVts a id painters, is steadily approximating to the
wish.js ofits g3 leroiis projei,'tors : in addition to its splendid
ail valn.ibl;j collection of books at this time rising 37,000
volu n3s they received from jI'P.. J.tnics I'^rJ^'us, xlie prin-
clpil buildi ig and laid on Peaii Siseet on which the
Aih3.ia3Lim has stood for the past 25 years ; as a princely
d,) ratio 1 for the benefit of the arts and the people of Boston ;
in 1826 the most CDterprising proprietors made up a sum of
S45,0;)0, for buildiiig suitable halls for a public exhibition of
pai itiiigs and sculpture, to be open during the five warm
months of the year, which has afTorded a choice treat to
every one fond of the arts; price of a single ticket for ad-
niix-ion 25 cents, and for the whole season 50.

Tho prioe of a share in the Alhenrenm property is $300,
which en'ides the ow.ier to three tickets of admission: a
tioivot for life is >'- 100.00 a;id annual subscribers pay 810,00
por year. The proprietors and life subscribers, can intro-
duce ai/ number of strano'ers to its benelits for a month, if
they resido at a distance of 20 or more miles from Boston.
i'he rea U-iLi' ruOin and library are open from 8 A. M. to 9
P. M.. siv dn.-s in the week and on Sunday evening. As
the silver plate depo-iled under the corner stone o{ their
new ediiico nuvv compktingj gives so particular an account of
its fu idi an 1 capacities, we close our observations and give
room to llieir boiler re<:ord.

r ts .«.-:v Ar.iioN li'j -I 3:n,DiNG. — The ceremony of lay-
ing the cjroer sto.ie of this ediiice, on Beacon street, designed
i'jr tha uaa of thd Boston Athencsum, took place April 27th.

BOSTON K0TI0.N8. 1J>T

at 10 o'clock. A. M. Hon. Joziah Guiiicj, one of the pio-
jojtoi's of the insliiatioii, tlelivercvl an address appropriate to
the occaoioii, raplele with valuabie facts; he said that the
AthenrDUiii proper:}', reila-.id pai'sonal, was valued at$342 0 )0;
its library numbered 37,000 vclurats, Vvilh a choice collec-
tion of paiatings and statuary. Under the corner stone was
placed a copper box, contaiiiii.ig- a copy of the city newspa-
pei's, several statisli3al wolAs, coins in circulaiion in this
cou.itry, etc., and a sil/er plate, bearing on one side the
following inscription. —

'•The corner slone of this building, dedicated to letters and
the arts, by the proprietors oi tJie iioston Athena3Uin, was
laid on the 27di day of Ap:!!, iii the year of our Lord one
thnisaad eight hundred aud forty-seven, and in the forly-first
year of the institution, which, founded by the exertions of.
\7iliiain Smith Sha.vand the other members of that Associa-
tion of ingenuous scholars, '-The Antholosy Club," has in
later days been enlarged and adorned by the generosity and
public spirit of many contributors, and especially by tho
muniiicence of James Perkins. Thomas Handasyde Peikins,
his brother; James Perkin::^, his son, and John Broinfield.
Whenever this stone shall be removed, may it be oidy to
improve and perpetuate the Insiitution. And on the reverse
of the silver plate,

PRINCIPAL ExNDOVVMENTS OF THE BOSTON ATHEN.EUM
BEFORE THE YEAR 1847.

The sum of forty two thousand dollars was raised for tha
general purposes of the Alhena3um, by voluntary subscrip-
tions for shares created in 1807.

James Perkins, in 1821. gave his own costly mansion in
Pearl street, which from that time has been the seat of the
Institution.

In the same year, the sum of twenty-two thousand dollars
was raised by voluntary subociiptions for sharei*.

198 BOSTON NOTIONS.

Thomas Handasyde Perkins (beside his earlier, and later
donalioii) and James Perkins, the younger, seconded in 1825
the liberality of the brother and father, each giving eight
thousand dollars ; and the sum of their contributions was
increased to forty-five thousand dollars by other subscrip-
tions, obtained chiefly through the efforts and influence of
Nathaniel Bowditch, Francis- Galley Gray, George Ticknor,
and Thomas Wren Ward.

Augustus Thorndike, in 1823, gave a choice collection
of casts, of the most celebrated ancient statues.

George Watson Brlmmer, in 1838, gave a magnificent
collection of books on the fine arts,

John Bro.mfield, in 1846, gave twenty-five thousand dol-
lars as a fund, to be regularly increased by one quarter of
the income, of which the other three quarters are to be
annually applied to the purchase of books forever.

The sum of seventy-five thousand dollars, for the erection
of this building, was raised by voluntary subscriptions for
shares created in 1844.

officers for the year 1847.

President, Thomas Greaves Gary. Vice President, John
Amory Lowell. Treasurer, Josiah Quincy, Jr. Trustees,
William Turrell Andrews, Edward Wiggle&worth, William
Hickling Prescott, Enoch Hale, George Stillman rlillard,
Samuel Austin, Jr., Amos Binney, Gharles Amory, Oliver
Wendell Holmes; Secretary, Henry Tuke Parker; Librarian,
Gharles Folsom. Architects, Edward Clarke Cabot, and
George Minot Dexter.

James Knox Polk, President of the United States.

George Nixon Briggs, Governor of the Commonwealth of
Massachusetti?.

Josiah Quincy, Jr., Mayor of the City of Boston.

misTON NOTION*. ]9'^

YHK STAIC LI0HARY.

In the eastern whig of the State House, compiiscs up^'arde*
of 7000 volumes : and is open every week day during the
session of the Legislature, excepting Saturday afternoon ;
for the benefit of the members of the Executive, Legislative
and Judicial departments, with other officers of State : if its
acoommodations extended to the private citizen, and that
too on all \veek days, it would be a medium for conferring
a great benefit on the public at large.

THF. BOWDITCH LIBRART,

Was tounded in 1839, and at tlsislime has 2,500 volume?.
It is a free public institution for the use of all, who will com-
ply with its regulations, but j'et without cost : it is kept at
Dr. Bowditch's house, 8 Otis Place.

THE .MERCANTILE LIBRARY,

Was founded March 11, 1820 : it was established for the
mutual benefit of young merchants, under 21 years of age :
the conditions of membership, are the presentation to the
library of some useful volume, and to pay two dollars per
year for the support of a library and reading room, which is
open every evening during the winter season, except Sun-
day, and three evenings per week during the warm season :
this institution is made prosperous by scientific lectures
during the winter evenings and the generosity of the mer-
cantile pottion of the community.

THE MECHANIC APPRENTICES LIBRARY,

Was founded Feb. 22d, 1820, under the supervision of the
Mass. Charitable Mechanic Association ; this institution is re-
puted as having done much good in disseminating ki,twl-
edge and information among the industrious craft; and if a
liberal construction should be placed on what it might pro-
duce, of benefits to the young aspiring mind by its foster pa-
rent, their renewed lights of science would attiat;t cur youih
by its radience and illume the path of many who may oth-

200 BOSTON NOTIOXS.

ervvise grope their ways in the labyrinths of ignorance ; —
their library has 3.000 A'olumes.

BOSTON SOCUCTY OF NATURAL HISTORY, WAS FOUNDED IN 1830,
AND HAS ABOUT 1500 VOLUMES.

Public Circulating Libraries are located in various parts
of the city, where books are let to subscribers and non-sub-
scribers ; strangers generally to leave in pledge the value
of the volume.

PERIODICALS PUBLISHED IN BOSTON.

1. Daily Subscription Papers. — Boston Daily Advertiser ;
Boston Courier; Boston Post; the Boston Daily Atlas; Daily
Evening Transcript ; Boston Daily Journal ; Daily Evening-
Traveller ; Boston Daily Whig. Aggregate daily circula-
tion, 16,372; square inches, 15,438,804; yearly value,
$106,076.

2. Daily Penny Papers. — Boston Daily Times; the Bos-
ton Daily Mail ; the Boston Daily Bee ; the Boston Daily
Sun : the Boston Daily Star; the Chronotype ; Boston Daily
Herald; Boston Daily Eagle; Aggregate daily circulation
36,800 : square inches, 22,640,700; yearly value, $110,400.

3. Semi-iverJdy Papers. — Boston Semi- weekly Advertiser ;
Boston Semi-weekly Courier; Boston Press and Post; the
Boston Semi-weekly Atlas ; Boston Shipping List ; American
Traveller ; Boston Journal. Aggregate semi-weekly circu-
lation, 14,062; square inches, 13,865,484; yearly value,
858,748.

4. Weekly Papers. — Boston Weekly Messenger ; Boston
Courier; the Boston Statesman; the Boston Weekly Atlas;
Boston Journal ; American Traveller : Boston Weekly
Whig ; the Boston Notion ; Weekly Bay State Democrat ;
the Boston Weekly Mail ; the Boston Weekly Bee ; the
Boston Weekly Sun ; Streeter's Weekly Boston Star; Even-

BOSTON NOTIONS. 201

ing Gazette; Thursday Messenger; Uncle Sam; The
Yankee ; The Flag of the Union ; Satirist ; New England
Farmer ; Massachusetts Ploughman ; Boston Cultivator
The Liberator; The Emancipator; The Prisoner's Friend
Advent Herald ; Boston Investigator : The Odd Fellow
Olive Branch : Christian Alliance and Family Visitor ; The
Boston Recorder; New England Puritan; The Youth's
Companion; The Weil-Spring; Christian Watchman;
Christian Reflector ; Zion's Herald and Wesleyan Journal ;
Sabbath School Messenger; Christian Witness; Christian
Register ; Christian World ; Trumpet and Universalist Mag-
azine ; Christian Freeman ; Boston Pilot ; Foreign Protes-
tant Telegraph ; New England Washingtonian; Massachu-
setts Temperance Standard : Weekly Eagle ; Eastabrook's
Public Chowder ; Petit Courrier des Families et des Pen-
sions. Aggregate weekly circulation, 223,270; square
inches, 168,048,978; yearly value, $334,895.

5. Semi-monthly. — The Common School Journal ; Gospel
Teacher ; Friend of Virtue ; The Orphan's Advocate ; The
Literary Museum ; The Journal of Music ; The Musical Ga-
zette ; The Boston Thomsonian Medical Journal ; Genius of
Christianity, Aggregate semi-monthly circulation, 19,100 ;
square inches, 9,013,100; yearly value, S31,700.

6. Monthly. — City Crier; Typographic Advertiser; Manu-
al of Health; The Day-Spring; The Macedonian; The
Young Reaper ; The Missionary Herald ; The Congregational
Visitor; The Baptist INIissionary Magazine; The Sabbath
School Treasury ; Guide to Holiness ; The Sabbath School
Teacher ; The Episcopal Observer ; The Religious Magazine;
The Child's Friend ; The New Jerusalem Magazine ; The
New Church Magazine for Children ; The Universalist Mis-
cellany ; The Ladies' Repository ; The Mother's Assistant ;
Temperance Journal ; The Temperance Offering ; American
Ladies' Album; Umtaiian Tracts; Littel's Living Age ; The

2C2 BOSTON NOTIONS.

IVIagazine of Horticulture ; The Journal of Health ; The Sym-
bol ; The Mechanic's Apprentice ; The Boston Medical and
Surgical Journal ; Clark's Bank Note List ; Willis's Counter-
feit Detector; The Law Reporter; The Illustrated N. E.
Magazine. Aggregate monthly circulation, 216,300 ; square
inches, 126,773,100; yearly value, $127,190.

7. Bi-monthly and Quarterly. — Christian Examiner ; Uni-
versalist Quarterly Review ; Quarterly Journal ; Christian
Review; Brownson's Quarterly Review; North American
Review. Aggregate circulation, 8,600; square inches,
33,016,100; yearly value, $24,500.

8. Annually. — Adams' Boston Directory; Dickinson's
Boston Almanac; State Register; American Almanac;
Farmers' Almanac ; SpofFord's Almanac ; The Housekeeper's
Annual ; The Unitarian Annual Register. Aggregate circu-
lation, 278,000; square inches, 265,045,300; value $31,565,

THE MASSACHUSETTS HUMANE SOCIETY.

This Society was established Feb. 23, 1791. The object
of its formation was to resuscitate life in any person who by
any accident may appear suddenly to be inert and lifeless ;
to encourage all rational means for restoring them to anni-
mate life : and to award medals of Silver or Gold to all per-
sons who may be the cause of saving any of his fellow creat-
ures from drowning or other sudden death.

MASSACHUSETTS FIRE SOCIETY,

Was incorporated June 25th, 1794. Its founders establish-
ed this society on the broad basis for affording relief to un-
fortunate sufferers by fire in any part of the State, and to re-
ward the inventor for any useful machine for extinguishing
fires, and to patronize any one making extraordinary exer-
tions in such a time of calamity, &c.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 203

Was instituted March 15th, 1795. This institution com-
prises many hundreds of our most ingenious and respectable
mechanics, and as a society has done much for their indi-
vidual benefit in raising the various useful crafts to an hon-
orable standing in the community, and achieved important
results and benefits to the public at large, by a triennial con-
centration of the best productions of genius in every depart-
ment of the useful and fine Arts ; by a great and glorious
FAIR, which once in every three years fills the eye with de-
light for its grandeur, and the heart with patriotic impulse and
gratitude, and their own coffers with a fair compensation :
and this year, 1847, their fifth fair will be opened with a gen-
erous display of the neatest handy-work of artists and arti-
zans in every department of choice work accomplished by
man or woman ; in Faneuil and Quincy Hall.

THE PROVINCE HOUSE, 1679.

This is a large brick building in the rear of Stores oppos-
ite the western end of Milk street : it is of three stories } fifty
feet back from Newbury (Washington) street ; it had a pret-
ty lawn or garden-plat in front, with an iron rail-fence ; at the
gate of which, two large oak trees imparted an agreeable
shade and beauty to the place : the house was ascended by
a flight of about twenty stone steps : a cupola surmounted
the roof, which supported a bronzed figure of an Indian chief
with a Bow and Arrow as a vane : (which "when he heard
^ the bell ring for dinner, invariably fired off his arrow and
' came down for his lunch : " this was told to small men and
women; many of whom have narrowly watched for that
event, only to be grievously disappointed :) the face of the
house was decorated with the King's arms, richly carved and
gilt ; this work is preserved in the hall of the Historical So-

q*

204 BOSTON NOTIONS.

ciety : the estate was a gift from the State, to the Massacliu-
setts General Hospital, and the trustees of^ that institution
leased it for 99 years : places for trade and business have
been erected on its front garden-plat ; preventing its being
seen short of entering Province-house court : on a rail vv^hich
surmounts the balustrade over the portico, are these letters
and figures, 16. P. S., 79, which probably gives the date of
its erection.

FIRES IN BOSTON.

1759, Nov. 14th. A fire commenced a little south of Oli-
ver's bridge in Water street, and swept off all the buildings
to the lower end of Water and Milk streets ; ten or twelve
dwelling-houses and a number of stores and shops were des-
troyed.

1760, March 17th. A fire broke out at the west part of
the town, called New Boston, destroying a Carpenter's shop
and dwelling-house.

The next day a store on Griffin's (Liverpool) wharf took
fire : the chamber was a laboratory used by the British sol-
diers, and the powder therein, demolished the building with
some injury to the limbs of a few persons, and fright to
some thousands — for the extremities of the town moved by
the shock.

March 20th. A fire broke out from the dwelling-house of
Mrs. Mary Jackson & Son, at the Brazen Head, Cornhill ;
(Washington street,) three or four large buildings on the
street were consumed : all the stores fronting Pudding Lane
(Devonshire street) with every dwelling-house, but those
fronfing on King (State street) and a house of Mr. Spooner's
on Water street to Quaker Lane (Congress street) ; and from
thence, only leaving the house of C. Waldo, it burned down
everyhouse, shop, store, &c. to Oliver's Dock [Liberty Sq.:] a
change of wind carried the fire into the lower part of King

BOSTON NOTIONS. 205

(State) street and destroyed the corner, opposite the Bunch
of Grapes tavern (New England Bank) and all the buildings
but two, in that direction to Long Wharf : in the direction of
Congress street it took every house but the Julien corner at
Milk street, and from thence to the bottom of Milk street ;
and every house but three to Fort-hill ; with all the buildings
from Oliver's Dock to Mr. Hallowell's ship-yard, with his
dwelling-house ; the Sconce of the S. Battery, with all build-
ings on Wendall's wharf: so that from Pudding-lane to the
waters edge, not a building w^as to be seen but those before-
mentioned : beside which, it consumed a large ship and 8
or 9 other vessels : the aggregate loss, w^as the Quaker meet-
ing-house; 133 dwelling-houses: 36 barns: 63 stores: 66
shops : total, 299 buildings : relief was necessary to be had
for many of the unfortunate sufferers, and voluntary contri-
butions were made to the amount of £22, 107, Is. 6d. — the
loss was estimated at £7 1,1 12,7s. 3d. — 438 of these sufferers
petitioned the '' gracious parliament" for relief, but its an-
swer was as silent as a w^hisper from the dumb.

1774, Aug. 10th. At 11 o'clock at night a fire broke out
in a large brick dwelling-house belonging to Mr. and Mrs.
Campbell in Fish street, five or six doors from Mountfort's
corner at the foot of North Square : the lower part of the
house was in full blaze before its tenants were aware of it :
several escaped by the windows, naked and burnt : five per-
ished in the flames, three women and two children.

1787, April 20th. A fire commenced in a malt-house be-
longing to Mrs. Patten in Beach street : the wind from the
N. E., with great velocity carried flakes of fire to a great
distance, firing many houses at the same time : in fifteen
minutes the spire of HoUis street meeting-house, nearly 50
rods from where the fire began, was seen to blaze, and in a
short time the whole edifice was burnt to the ground : 100
buildings were consumed, about 60 of them elegant and

206 BOSTON NOTIONS.

costly : both sides of the main street was laid waste from
Eliot to Nassau street.

1794^ July 30th. A fire commenced in the Rope-walk of
Mr. Edward Howe on Milk street, and quickly communica-
ted to a cluster of six others, 600 feet in length, one of them
two stories ; all filled with hemp, tar and other combustible
m.aterials ; the wind at first was from the east, blowing the
immense cloud of smoke and flame to the westward, where
immense devastation of property would have occurred ; but
it soon veered to the south, and swept 03^96 buildings in its
path to the sea at Russia wharf : the amount of loss was es-
timated at about $210,000.

The Selectmen were desirous that Rope-walks should not
be built in the heart of the town, and generously tendered to
the sufferers the use of the flats on the west of the Common;
to build there, rent and taxes free : they there built six which
were burnt down, Feb. 18th, 1806 : five were re-built and
again burnt in 1819. They had now been in quiet posses-
sion of the land about twenty-five 5^ears ; long enough for the
rights of '^ a squatter," to be judicially maintained ; and
they then contemplated laying the whole out in handsome
house lots.

The hubbub which that produced in this " City of Notions,"
was not of the most pacific nature ; the land was part and par-
cel of our beautiful common, and if buildings were there
erected, the western view of the country would be shut out,
and the air over the Common vitiated by eternal smokes
from some quarter: the citizens declared that not one stone
or brick should lay upon another, if any one attempted to
build on that ground ; under these circumstances they were
induced to submit their claim to "a board of referees; "^
who awarded them fifty thousand dollars for a relinquishment
of their claim, and the town authorities paid that amount for
their neglect of seeing to the public property and maintain-

BOSTON NOTIONS. 207

ing their rights judicially to what it owned : That lot is now
the si^lendid Flower Garden, comprising an area of twenty-
four acres ; to become in time the pride and beauty of Bos-
ton, and which we hope may be preserved for the enjoyment
of the citizens at large, and from being over-run as " water
flats," or its value lost or diminished by "land sharks."
For an account of the Common, see page 17.

The ever busy and enterprising people of Boston, not yet
recovered from the dire effects of a seven years' war which
w^as but closed in 1783, undertook a remarkably important
and expensive public work, and one quite problematical as
to its favorable results : — that of erecting a Bridge across the
deep waters between Boston and Charlestown : it was the
first ever attempted in America : John Hancock, Thomas
Russell, Nathl. Gorham. Eben. Parsons and others, were in-
corporated for completing that grand project March 9, 1785 ;
and on the 17th of June, 1786, it was completed and opened
for passengers : salutes of 13 guns were fired from Bunker
and Copp's hill at sunrise : the eight bells of Christ's Church
gave a merry peal with national airs ; and great preparations
were made for a day of social joyful festivity : at 1 o'clock
the proprietors assembled at the Old Town House, and they,
w^itli the branches of the legislature and citizens, v/ere es-
corted by the military for a dedication of the bridge, when
a salute was fired from the Castle : on their arrival at the
bridge, the military opened right-and-left for the procession
to pass through, as far as the draw of the bridge, which was
up ; the president of the corpor3,tioii directed the draw to be
lowered : when a salute from Copp's Hill with shouts from
20,000 freemen made the welkin ring : the procession again
formed, and ascended Breed's Hill where another salute

208 BOSTON NOTIONS.

greeted them, and perhaps best of all, a plentiful dinner ''fit
for the gods," on two tables of 320 feet length each; 800
sat down to the feast and the flow of wit and sentiment,
closed the scene of festivity and sobriety at 6 o'clock.

The abutment on the Charlestown side, from the landing
was 100 feet : space to the first pier 16 1-2 feet: 36 piers at
equal distances to the draw 622 1-2 feet : draw 30 feet : 39
piers on Boston side 672 feet : space to the abutment 16 1-2
feet : from that to the landing 45 1-2 feet : whole length
1503 feet.

The bridge is on 75 ranges of piers, each composed of
seven heavy sticks of oak timber united by a cap piece, with
strong braces and girts ; the piers connected to each other
by large string pieces and covered with four inch plank :
the bridge is 42 feet wide, with a railed foot-passage of 6
feet on each side : the centre of the bridge is two feet higher
than at the ends ; the whole lighted by 40 handsome lamps :
4 strong stone wharves connecting with three piers each, are
built at the sides of the bridge to add to its strength, and for
a convenience in landing lumber, &c. : the floor of the
bridge, at the highest tide, is four feet above the water ;
which generally rise from 12 to 14 feet : the longest pier is
47 feet ; the cost of the bridge about S50,000, divided into
150 shares : the tolls doubled on Sundays, and forty years
allowed for the extent of the charter; paying yearly to the
College at Cambridge, S666,66 in consideration of their in-
come-loss from ferrage, v/hich was in their own right.

The forty years was subsequently extended to seventy, on
account of building Cambridge bridge, and then ihe double
toll was discontinued : we have been thus particular in these
details, considering the wo^k at that time a great underta-
king and presuming it will interest the sons, by showing the
enterprise, foresight and public spirit of the father's ; for that
property has netted so large an income,, that the shares have
been sold at from 2500 to 3000 dollars each.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 209

This bridge became unproductive in 1828, on account of
Warren toll-free bridge, and its draw was raised for a per-
manency : In 1839 a violent storm drove the ship CoIihti-
biana from her moorings in Charlestown, staving her through
four ranges of its piers : in 1840, the Legislature of Massa-
chusetts purchased the franchise and properties of the
bridge at :$30,000. and resolved that the two Bridges should
be put in the best state of repair and a toll taken, to pay the
cost of the old bridge, the repairs on both, with an extra
fund, the interest of which, will keep them in good order;
at this time both the Charlestown bridges are free of toll.

Cambridge bridge, built in 1793, and Cragie's bridge,
built in 1809, have been purchased by a company for the
purpose of making them free-toll bridges; by the year 1858
this great work will be accomplished ; their charters would
expire in 1879, and their franchise then, revert to the State,
for their legislation ; but the patriotic citizens of Boston and
Caiiihridge, have contrived to make them free as j)uhUc roads at
an earlier date.

BALLOON ASCENSION.

Mr. Lewis A. Laurial, says, that he has ascended in his
Balloon 48 times from various places between the British
Provinces and Mexico, and the highest altitude he ever at-
tained, was at 24,500 feet, admeasured by the Barometer
and Revolving Index : that being 3000 feet beyond the
upper clouds: there the thermometer ranged from 12 to 15
degrees below freezing point, and at that elevation the air
was so rarified as to cause the gass in the balloon to expand
nearly a third more in capacity than it was on leaving the
earth : and the difhculty of breathing was such as to cause
three times respiration to one below : — his pulse before
starting being at 70, rose to 110 a minute; causing small
blood-vessels to swell and strain for vent, producing great
pain in the forehead ; at last, streams of blood from his nose
gave relief to his head; still, owing to the extreme light-

210

BOSTON >ia'ri(}Ms.

nesft of the atmosphere a constant and free «5V?iporation.
through the pores of his body created incessant thirst that
water would be constantly desirable.

On his ascension on June 17th, 1839, from Chelsea, the
wind blowing strong from the west, carried his balloon with
great rapidity down the harbor, and perceiving that he was
going a greater distance than was desirable, he made many
attempts by dragging on the plains and passing through
trees near Point Shirley, in hopes they would bring him to
an anchorage ; but he was finally blown off on the ocean
and there dragged for an hour and a quarter, he holding on
to the broken netting-work outside of the balloon, for a dis-
tance of 30 miles, towards Cape Ann: there he was rescued
from his perilous situation by Capt. John Pierce of Well-
fleet, who took him on board his vessel : on doing this, the
balloon being somewhat released, it escaped from out of the
remaining net-work and went off on the wings of the wind
with greater rapidity than a steam-engine, and was a total
loss : it cost one thousand dollars.

MR. LAURIAT RESCUED BY CAPT. PIERCE.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 211

EXCHANGE COFFEE HOUSE, 1808.

The old Exchange Coffee House, covering 12,753 square
feet of ground, was completed m 1808 ; the present building
bearing that title, stands on part of the ground ; it was de-
stroyed by fire Nov. 3, 1818; it was the most extensive
establishment of the kind in the United States : the building
was commenced for a wild speculation, based on the circu-
lation of Farmers Exchange Bank bills, whicli had no actual
capital, worth nothing, but through the influence of building
and its concomitants, acquired an imaginary value : the
house cost upwards of half a million of dollars, and unfortu-
nately for every one concerned, the bills were so current as
to permit it to be built with seven stories instead of four, as
originally designed ; when on fire at its attic, it was beyond
the reach of engine power, and as Benjamin Austin ex-
pressed himself, on learning the result, " it was conceived
in sin, brought forth in iniquity, but it is now purified by
fire.-'

The height to the top of the dome on the building, was
about 100 feet, and the diameter of that dome was 100 feet
and 10 inches : the house contained 210 rooms, with a din-
ing room to seat 300 persons : the principal floor was intended
for a public exchange, but it never was used for that pur-
pose : it had a reading room ; an observatory, billiard rooms,
bar, &c. &c.

The next morning after the fire, the whole isolated front
wall on Congress street, 90 feet high and 80 wide, seemed
tottering over the heads of the people ; the opposite build-
ings were only 28 feet from the wall, but in the course of
that and the succeeding day, it was levelled without any
damage to the buildings, or the thousands of spectators who
were witnesses to that sublime wreck of matter.

212 BOSTON KOTIONS.

DEVASTATION AND DESECRATION OF THE BOSTON CHURGHES.

By the occupation of Boston by the 10,000 British troops
under Lord Howe, the communities of the churches were
thrown into the greatest confusion. Five of their meeting-
houses, viz. The Old South, used as a riding circus. Brattle
St.; Hollis St.; and Lynde St. as barracks and Hospitals ; and
the staving to pieces of the church in North Square for
fuel, caused a grievous sensation and calamity to the whole
people of Boston : The Old South was stripped of every arti-
cle of wood work within its walls, save the eastern gallery,
which they reserved for spectators to their sports, the pulpit
sounding-board, and the flooring, on which they had levelled
about two feet of dirt for the trampling of their horses.

All the pastors friendly to the rights of the Americans left
the town during the siege but Dr. Mather and Dr. Andrew
Eliot : the three Episcopal clergymen fled with Gen. Howe
on the 17th of March, 1776, and Dr. Byles of Hollis St.
church was dismissed for his predilection for the cause of
royalty : Mr. Morehead's Church in Federal St. w^as vacant,
and Mr. CroswelPs (Christ's Church.) was untenantable dur-
ing the cold or stormy season : and Dr. Eben. Femberton,
pastor of the New Brick (corner of Hanover and Richmond
Sts.) died June 27, 1777.

The first movement in this sad state of the churches
was an union of the society of the Old North, (which church
was destroyed by the British) with the Society of the 'New
Brick, under the title of the second church, June 27, 1779.

The first movement of the people on their return to Boston
was by taking down every emblem of Royalty; King's
Arms, Signs, &c., and with them in State Street they made
a bonfire.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 218

BOSTON ALMS-HOUSE, 1660.

The Old Alms-house, Work-houoe and Bridewell with a
Granary, occupied the whole length of Park street : the first
proposal for an Alms-house on the Boston Records, was made
in Nov. 1680 : and it is noted that in Feb. 1665, '' a person
was admitted : '' The Granary was a long wooden building
for storing 12,000 bushels of grain, to deal out to those who
bought by small quantities, at an advance of 10 per cent on
the cost : The Alms-house was two stories, built of brick in
the form of an L, with a gable roof : the Work-house was
also two brick stories for dissolute and vagrant persons : The
Bridewell was a sort of a prison for the disorderly : a part
of the building was for insane persons : the Alms-houso was
burnt down Dec. 18th, 1682, and re-built June, 1686 : the
Work-house was built 1738.

The new Alms-house in Leverett street near the Lowell
Depot, was erected in 1800 : 270 feet front length by 56 feet
depth — of 4 stories : well built with brick : the basement
was for workshops and three large kitchens : over those,
were 48 rooms 24 by 22 feet : in the centre of the range was
a Hall 40 by 50 feet, and over that a chapel of the same
size, with large arched windows finished with fluted pilas-
ters of the Ionic order : the front and rear yards were 80 by
280 feet : the inmates of this building were removed to the
city lands and public establishment on South Boston Point
in 1825, and the lot sold to private individuals.

The present imposing buildings of granite for a House of
Correction, House of Industry, House for Juvenile offenders
and House for Insane persons at South Boston have been
erected at various dates, as required by the occasion; the two
first in 1821 and others after that date, on the City lot of up-
wards of 100 acres of land : the establishments there in all
their separate compartments, enjoy a high reputation for
their judicious management by competent and careful offi-

214 BOSTON NOTIONS.

cers; the Louses of Correction and Industry are each 220 feet
long, 43 feet wide and 29 feet high.

The County Jail in Leverett street, and House of Correc-
tion connected with it, was finished in 1822; in 1823 the Old
Jail on Court street was taken down and its materials partly
used in constructing a Gun-house and Ward Room on Thacher
street.

The Court Home on School street, now City Hall was
built in 1810, it consists of an Octagon centre 55 feet wide,
with two wings 26 by 40 feet each, and each having en-
trances from the front and rear ; the length of the whole
building is 140 feet; in it are Halls in the second story, for the
Mayor and Aldermen ; Common Council and rooms for the
City Clerk, City Marshal, City Auditor^ and Superintendant
of the city cemeteries, and on the lower floor offices of Pro-
bate, Clerks of the Supreme and Court of Common Pleas
Courts ; rooms for Judges and Law Library and for Grand
and Petit Juries : the cost of the building was S92,817,16, the
lower floor is brick, laid in cement. The Registry of Deeds
oflice is in the rear of the City Hall in a fire-proof building.

COURT HOUSE, COURT STREET.

Commenced building in 1831 and was completed in 1836,
its size is 176 feet by 54, its height 57 feet, of 4 stories ; the
front and rear entrances are ornamented with a portico and
four granite fluted pillars; the story next above the basement
is occupied by the Police and Justices Court and officers for
clerks of those courts and of the Common Pleas and Supreme:
with rooms above for jurors and Law Library belonging to the
counsellors. The courts of Common Pleas, Municipal, Su-
preme Judicial, United States District, and United States
Circuit Court are held in this capacious edifice ; this building
stands on the site of the Old Court House and Jail.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 215

CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHj CORNER OF N. BENNET AND
HANOVER STREET.

Samuel Mather was a son of the venerated Cotton Mather,
and after the decease of the parent was settled in his place
as colleague with Mr. Gee. at the old North : his union with
this church continued nine years, when some dissatisfaction
being expressed at his laxity on certain points of doctrine in
his sermons, with some few other grounds of uneasiness, a
division took place in the church : Mr. Mather applied for
a dismission in Feb. 1744, which the church declined to
give : the request was submitted to a council, by whose ad-
vice they voted Oct. 23d, to dismiss him from his pastoral
relations and allow him a year's salary : on the 21st of Dec,
thirty of "the brethren" with a parting blessing from the
church, left that, for the formation of a new society, and on
■the 29th of June, 1742, sixty-three women left and united in
worship at the corner of North Bennet and Hanover Sts.

Mr. M. was invested with the title of Doctor of Divinity
by Harvard College in 1773. He continued pastor of the
church until his decease, June 27, 1785, at the age of 79.
His desires were to be privately buried and not to have any
funeral encomiums from any quarter, and that those of his
church who left their first pledge at the Old North, should
return there and redeem it : most if not all of which de-
sires were complied with : the building was then sold to a
society gathering to worship in the faith of the Universalists,
under the guidance of Mr. John Murray.

r*

216

B03T0N NOTIONS.

A list of the CoxaREGATioNAL Ministers settled in Boston from 1630 to 1847; furnished by that respected
Antiquarian Pvev. John Pierce, D.D. of Brookline. — I. is for installed :— 0. ordained: — H. U. Harvard Uni-
versity:—Y. C. Yale College :— -N. H. for Nassau Hall :— U. C. Union College :— W. C. Williams College.

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1 John Wilson,

2 John Cotton,

3 John Mayo,

4 John Norton,

5 John Davenport,

6 James Allen,

7 Increase Mather, D.D.

8 Thomas Thacher,

9 John Oxenbridge,

10 Samuel Willard,

11 Cotton Mather, D.D.

12 Benjamin Wadsworth,

13 Benjamin Colman, D.D.

14 Ebenezer Pcmbenon,

15 Thomas Bridge,

16 Joseph Sewall, D.D.

17 John Webb,

18 William Cooper.

19 Thomas Foxcroft,

20 Thomas Prince,

21 Samuel Checkley,

22 William Waldron,

BOSTON NOTION.^. -217

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Thacher, D.D.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

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BOSTON KOTIOKS. 219

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220 BOSTON NOTIONS.

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BOSTON NOTIONS.

221

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STATISTICS OF TRAVEL.

In 1788, the intercourse with distant towns
was limited to two stages from and to Bos-
ton, and twelve horses on the rout to New
Haven : the first stage started from Pease's
Tavern, corner of Long Acre (Common) and
Winter Street : — In 1799 Twenty Stages and
100 horses were employed, which the Direc-
tory of that year exulted in, as evidence of
great prosperity and increase of business :
and in 1806 there were thirty five stages for
passengers to distant places, all told. — At this
time, 1847, there are 250 Stages and Omni-
busses, with about 1500 horses employed, not-
withstanding there are seven Eail Roads to
different sections of the country, daily, and
almost hourly, loaded down with passengers
and goods. ''

Two lines of Stages to Cambridge have
about 200 horses and 40 carriages ; the old
line, has paid in tolls, over Cambridge bridge,
nearly $5,000 per year for some few of the
past years.

The account of the passengers over the rail roads
M^as received from the superiiUentendents ; the otlier
items were obtained or estimated by persons most
competent to give the information. Some branches of
other roads lately opened are not included.

MODE OF CONVEYANCE.

PASSENGERS CARRIED.

Yearly. Daily Average.

Providence Rail Road,

412.997

1,313

'SVorcester Rail Road,

.387,686

1,238

Fitchburgh Rail Road,

169,669

542

Lowell Rail Road,

830,000

1,054

Maine Rail Road,

302,920

967

Eastern Rail Road,

651,408

2,081

Old Colony Rail Road,

213.144 1-2

683

Total by Rail Roads,

2,467,b24
602,52.5

7,878

Roxbury Omnibusses,

1,925

Cambridge Omnibusses

289.529

925

Cliarlesto'wn Omnibusses

, 203,450

650

Otlier Omnibusses^
Other Public Carriages,

1.56,500

500

125,200

400

Chelsea Ferrv,

547,750

1.750

Private Vehicles,

2,100,000
4,024,950

6.709

Total by Carriages,

12,t59

222 BOSTON NOTIOiNS.

FRANKLIN PLACE.

The y?r5f BLOCK of buildings erected in Boston, was the
range called the *•' Tontine " in Franklin Place : — Up to the
year 1792, it had been a slough or quagmire and to build
there was deemed quixotic : it was first drained and laid out
as a garden ; a fish pond formed and stored with gold and
silver fish by its owner, Joseph Barrell ; a number of per-
sons associated and made investments for building, and at
the expiration of a number of years, the property was to be
divided among the surviving subscribers : they petitioned the
Legislature for an act of incorporation but which was refused:
the corner stone for the two crescent rows, of 16 buildings
each, of three stories height, was laid Aug. 8th, 1793 : the
centre building of the south row, has an arched passage-way
for carriages through into Otis' Place, which building is
the property of the " Boston Library Society : " — in the
centre of the area between the two crescent rows, is an en-
closed grass-plat of 300 feet in the form of an elipse, and in
the centre of the plat, is a monumental Urn to the memory
of Dr. Franklin ; as the whole of these grounds will proba-
bly be cleared off to make room for the strides of modern
improvements, the principles of economy exemplified in
the Doctor's hieroglyphic card, or '^ art of making money
'plenty in both pockets '' may with propriety be introduced
liere for the benefit of those minds not well drilled on that
beneficial subject of ethics, or it may become an useful
gymnasium puzzle to interpret its emblems.

The second row of brick buildings erected in Boston was
on the west side of Court street, between Howard street and
Bowdoin Square in 1800, and called West Row, — South Row
next to the Old South Church, was built at the same time j
and the North Row on the west side of Fish [Ann] street,
in 1802 : — and about that time four buildings next the Park
street Cliurch were erected: — by the fall of 1 804. the houses at

BOSTON NOTIONS. 223

the corner of Park and Beacon streets were built ; — Hamilton
Place in 1806 : — Bumstead Place immediately after : — Pinck-
ney street, Hancock and Myrtle streets and the whole extent
of Mount Vernon, which in 1799 presented a repulsive drea-
ry waste, on which only three decent houses were to be seen,
were sodu covered with extensive ranges of handsome and
fashionable blocks of dwelling houses : — in 1806, that part
of the " village " had become the residence of many
wealthy and prominent families : Beacon-hill and all the
eminences west of it were levelled, and the substracted
earth used to fill up the mill-pond, where the Eastern Depot
is now located : this was done by the " Boston mill Cor-
poration," incorporated March 9th, 1804 : — and certain as-
sociated persons were incorporated as the " Pond street
Corporation," for making a street [Endicott] across the
mill-pond from Middle (Hanover) street to the old Charles-
town Bridge, March 11th, 1806, a distance of 1980 feet : —
Charlestown street was soon after made : and with astonish-
ing rapidity that whole area of 42 acres of made land, was
covered with work shops and dwellings : — about this time
Copp's-hill was being razeed and brick buildings erected in
Lynn [Commercial] street : those were the principal improv-
ments going on at the north part of the town : — sundry per-
sons associated for building a street under the title of the
" Broad street Association," and were incorporated Feb. 11,
1805, and while this was progressing, another company pro-
jected and finished India Wharf : — India street from India
Wharf to the head of Long Wharf with the stores on it were
ready for occupancy in 1807, '8 & '9 : — The range of four
story stores from State street to Purchase, on the west side of
Broad street a distance of 1473 feet was quickly completed;
Central Wharf was built in 1816: 1240 feet in length by
150 in breadth, having 54 stores on it : in the centre build-
ing is a spacious Hall which has been used as a Chapel for

s

224 BOSTON NOTIONS,

the benefit of Seamen, over which is a furnished observatory.

While these great works were progressing, Mr. Cottingjwho
was the eminent projector of many of them, was planning
Market [Cornhill] street: in 1817 a block of stores was
erected on each side : the north side being 432 feet and the
south 436 feet in length, on a curved line : they were the
first buildings with granite pillars, united to brick walls,
erected in the " Village : " — in 1819 Brattle street was open-
ed, and a block of elegant four story houses built with gran-
ite front on its north line, being the first built of stone : —
Fort-hill was put in good shape, and the town lots there, sold
for dwelling-house lots and called Washington Place, sur-
rounding a fenced-in green plat 200 feet diameter, ornament-
ed with trees : — North-Russell, Vine and Poplar streets and
the neighborhood of the Mass. Hospital nearly to Cragie's
Bridge, which had been marsh and pasture gromid or im-
proved only for Rope-walks, was converted into good build-
ing lots and was soon covered v/ith substantial houses ; Bea-
con street presented a busy scene of building elegant pri-
vate single houses, according to the taste of the owners, and
Colonnade Row on the east of the Common in 1811, present-
ed an elegant and imposing range of 24 buildings of an uni-
form size and style : — beside many courts, rows, squares,
and places, comprising from 6 to 12 buildings each, were
erected in various parts of the town about that time.

The Custom House in Custom House street, 60 feet square,
of two stories, the lower part of stone and the upper part
brick, with a colonnade 60 feet long and 10 feet depth, sup-
ported by 10 granite columns of the Doric order 14 feet in
length : the front crowned with a pediment, on the top of
which is a spread Eagle. The Basement and first story, for
storing goods, and some tenements for the house-keeper and
under officers : the upper story contains 6 rooms 20 feet
high, in which the affairs of the concern are transacted : it

BOSTON NOTIONS. 225

cost about $30j000; this is now being vacated and a removal
made to the elegant and costly granite pillared new Custom
House, at the head of Long Wharf. The accompanying En-
graving is a good representation of the new Custom House.

REV. GEORGE WHITFIELD.

1740. Thursday, Sept. 18th. This eminent divine ar-
rived, escorted by a number of gentlemen, who had gone out
from Boston, to greet him from Rhode Island, with a wel-
come : on the next day morning, (Friday) he attended
prayers in King's Chapel, and in the afternoon preached to
a vast concourse at Mr. Colman's (Brattle St.) the next fore-
noon at the Old South, to a crowded house : in the afternoon
on the Common, to an audience of about 5,000 : Sunday
forenoon he attended the services at Dr. Colman's : and in
the afternoon preached at the Old Brick, w^hich was closely
packed with people and as many more outside ; after which
he held forth in the field to upwards of 8,000 persons : on
Monday morning he preached at Mr. Webb's (New North)
and in the afternoon he was to have preached at Mr. Check-
ley's, (New South) but just at the time the services began,
some person in the gallery broke off a board to make a seat,
when some one cried out, that " the gallery was giving
way.:" the house being filled to its utmost capacity: it
created a terrible rushing and confusion : some jumped out
of the windows and some into the seats below; and by
pressing with haste and fright towards the doors, many were
thrown down and trampled upon ; bruising and breaking
their limbs ; so that five of them died within two days after
that event.

Mr. Whitfield then led the anxious multitude to the Com-
mon, and preached from the words, '' Go ye into the high
ways and hedges and compel them to come in." — Mr. W.

226 BOSTON NOTIONS.

continued thus, one week of incessant labor : he then left
Boston a few days, for the eastward : but returned and
passed the second week of October, in and about the town :
his farewell sermon was delivered on the common on Sun-
day evening, '' where it was supposed upwards of 33,000
people attended." Various were the opinions expressed as
to the benefit of this visit : whether evening lectures had
been held before is uncertain, but one was then advertised,
as established to be held at Dr. Colraan's, Brattle St., from
October 21st, weekly.

When Rev. Mr. Whitfield visited Boston the last time,
Dr. Chauncy who disliked the man, went down to the
bottom of Long wharf to see him land, and thus addressed
him with his characteristic plainness of speech, " Mr. Whit-
field I am very sorry to see you come back again," '^ So is
devil," replied Mr. Whitfield.

MUSEUMS.

A Museum was commenced in 1791, by Daniel Bowen,
at the American Coffee House, opposite the Bunch of Grapes
Tavern, State street ; it was soon removed to the Hall over
the School House in Hollis street, where additions were con-
stantly made of natural and artificial curiosities, paintings,
&c.: in 1795 it had become quite an important and rare col-
lection, and removed to an elegant Hall, at the corner of
Bromfield and Common streets : here it was extensively
patronized and became a fashionable and popular place for
instruction and amusement, alike creditable to the proprietor
and the community : but unfortunately for both, it was de-
stroyed by fire on the 15th of Jan., 1803 : forming so brilliant
a light as to be seen in Portsmouth, a distance of 70 miles.

By the aid from munificent individuals, Mr. Bowen was
enabled to commence another collection at the corner of

BOSTON NOTIONS. 227

( Milk and Oliver Streets : in 1806, he formed a copartnership
with Mr. Wm. M. S, Doyle, portrait painter, and erected a
costly brick edifice of five stories, on the lot next south of
the Chapel burial ground, and removed the collection which
had become quite rich and numerous to that building-
opening it to the public on Thanksgiving evening, Nov. 27 :
but by means of a fire which commenced in a room over the

I Hall they were again burnt out on the 16th of Jan., 1807 :

I this building was 108 feet in length : 34 feet in width and

' 86 feet high to the top of the observatory, v/hich was sur-

I mounted with a figure of Minerva,

' The proprietors again were encouraged by kind assistance
to retrieve their losses in some measure : they rebuilt the

t house with two stories, and opened it with a tolerable good
collection to the public, June 2d, 1807: Mr. Bowen soon
after this left Boston, and Mr. Doyle continued the manage-
ment until the whole was transferred to the New England
Museum, kept by Mr. E, A. Greenwood, Jan. 1st, 1825.

A " New York Museum " was opened in Boylston Hall
in 1812, which was the commencement of the New England
Museum, in chambers of five or six stores extending from
Cornhill Brattle St., fronfing on Court Street, and by the
addition to it, of Mr. Mix's New Haven Museum in 1821,
became the most extensive and valuable collection ever
brought together in Boston: this was kept by Mr. E. A.
Greenwood.

A Museum was opened in Ann street, Feb. 28. 1804, by
Mr. Ph. Woods, in the large building opposite Faneuil Hall,
and a considerable number of curiosities were here collected;
but not becoming a fashionable place for resort, it was at last
sold at auction, in 1822, when the best part of it was pur-
chased as additions to the New England Museum.

In 1832, Madam Duschane opened a Museum opposite the
v/est end of Hanover street, the principal feature of which
s*

228 BOSTON NOTIONS.

was a large and accurate model of a Sugar Plantation in the
West Indies. After remaining there about a year it was re-
moved to the building on Washington street, opposite Frank-
lin street, at which place the collection was broken up and
sold at auction the following season.

In 1839 the New England Museum was purchased of the
assignees of E. A. Greenwood by Mr. Moses Kimball^ who
in the spring of 1840 broke up the collection, taking part of it
to Lowell, with which he established the '^ Lowell Museum.''
In the same year Mr. J. Harrington located a Museum in the
rooms previously occupied by the New England Museum,
composed mainly of part of the collection of the American
Museum of Philadelphia. It was very neatly arranged and
kept open for about two years, but failing to be profitable
to the proprietor, was at the end of that time broken up and
sold at auction with a great loss.

In the spring of 1841, Mr. Moses Kimball established and
opened the Boston Museum, uniting the representation of
plays with the Museum establishment, in a new building at
the corner of Tremont and Bromfield streets, an engraving
of which is here introduced. This collection was very ex-
tansive; comprising all the valuable articles purchased in
the New England INIuseum collection — the entire of the
Concord (N. H.) Museum. A variety of rare specimens of
Birds and Quadrupeds, and innumerable natural and artifi-
cial curiosities, collected by the proprietor during previous
years.

This original enterprise became extremely popular and
fashionable, and proved a profitable one ; the collection
was in the fall of 1846, removed to a new and splendid
building erected for the purpose, more commodiously ar-
ranged for theatiical representations, on Tremont street, near
Court St., built at an outlay of upwards of $200,000, where
the institution now is, an ornament to the city and a monu-
ment to the enterprise of its projectors.

BOSTON NOTIONS. . 229

MUSEUM CORNER OF BROMFIELD STREET.

. The 'buildiiig covers 16,000 feet of land; the lower story
on Tremont, is five stores ; over which, is the Museum Hall
of three stories ; ornamented with 20 Corinthian pillars : this
part, is distinct from the theatrical department, in its rear ;
which is more capacious, affording a good sized stage and
room for an auditory of 1500 people : the whole establish-
ment bidding fair to become a favorite with the public and a
profitable concern to the proprietors.

Early in 1846, Mr. Peters of New York, established the
^' Chinese Museum," at the Marlboro' Chapel, in Washing-
ton St. The collection, which was exclusively Chinese,
was very large and rich, but ceasing to prove attractive and
profitable, after the novelty was worn off it was removed to
Philadelphia in the spring of 1847.

THE BOSTON DISPENSARY.

Was instituted in 1795 and incorporated Feb. 26, 1801.
This society originated with a number of philanthropic nidi-

230 BOSTON MOTIONS,

viduals for supplying the sick poor gratuitously with med-
icines, and physicians : A subscription of five dollars is enti-
tled to tickets for four patients through the year : the good
this society has done, cannot be mathematically estimated ;
but in seasons of distressing sickness, to receive such hospi-
table aid, and in the quiet, unostentatious manner it ever
has beeii dispensed, surely must have caused the feelings
of thousands of the oppressed to expand vidth joy and grat-
itude. The average number of sick persons assisted by the
society is about 3000 yearly.

BOSTON seaman's FRIEND SOCIETY, 1828.

For nineteen years this society has continued to befriend
the seamen by acts of kindness and instruction : they com-
menced religious services in the arched building on Central
Wharf in 1828 and built a mariner's Church on Purchase St.
in 1830, size of 46 by 60 feet: this association for the benefit
of the mariner, was but the second formed on this continent,
and they have been the cause of great good, to that portion
of our citizens : in 1845, they erected a stately edifice for
boarding mariners, affording them as great conveniences and
comfortable lodgings as is enjoyed by others : the house is
at the corner of Belmont and Purchase street : it contains
91 rooms : Reading room. Dining room and parlors included:
forty-three of the rooms have been furnished by ladies' asso-
ciations or by individual ladies, and each is titled over the
door with a name given to it by the kind donor : on the top
of the building is an observatory, affording a view of the
harbor and of the surrounding country \ this is truly a com-
fortable house for the mariner, and the society must una-
voidably be the means of accomplishing a vast amount of
good in their day and generation.

The annexed cut gives a good view of the Sailor's Home
on Purchase Street.

B0ST0T1 NOTIONS.

231

seaman's home, purchase street.

THE SEAMAN'S AID SOCIETY.

This society is composed of about 500 Ladies whose be-
nevolence and patriotism prompts them to a laborious and im-
portant undertaking for the welfare of seamen : this Seaman's
Aid Society, aims to accomplish two important purposes,
viz. to give good, and fair priced employment to seams-
tresses, who are in need of it for their support, and to furnish
the seamen with better made garments and at as low a price
as can be purchased at the slop-shops : at the Mariners'
House in North Square is a Store well stocked by them with
every article of dress for a Sailor, manufactured and made,
in the most thorough manner, and if every reader of this
article who wishes to befriend a sailor will direct him to that^
establishment for a supply of all his wants on shore, he will
accomplish thereby a double act of charity— benefit the poor
widow, and do a friendly act to the sailor.

The annexed cut is a good drawing of the Seaman's House.

THE BOSTON PORT SOCIETY,

Was formed in 1828, for the benefit of the marine interests
and afford comfort and instrucdon to seamen : the society

232 BOSTON NOTIONS.

comprises about 200 of our most active merchants; and con-
tributes its united and individual aid to all societies auxil-
iary with them, for promoting the interests of seamen : their
meeting house is in the North Square, ^' the Bethel of Father
Taylor," and under the Bethel is a clothing store, for sup-
plying seamen with every good article of clothing, made in
the best manner and afforded at the same or even at a less
price, than the slop-garments are sold for at the common
places for such trade.

mariner's house, north square.

This is a noble edifice of 4 stories, erected by the boston
port society and leased to the seamans' aid society ; it con-
tains 40 rooms over the basement story : the building is 40
feet square with a wing extending 70 feet of three stories;
in the basement is a storage room for searaens' luggage,
kitchen, laundry and bathing room : in the wing is a spa-
cious dining hall for seating an hundred persons : it has a
chapel for morning and evening service and where social re-
ligious meetings are held every Wednesday evening under
the guidance of Rev. E. T, Taylor : a reading and news
room vv^ith a good library to which accessions are daily
making ; and a store for the sale of sailors' clothing ; the
building and land cost about S38,000 and it has been furnish-
ed at a cost of about $21,000, by the generous contributions
of the Unitarians Churches of Boston and vicinity ; a good
supply of water is on the estate and two force pumps supply
each of the stories with hot or cold water, as required.

The accompanying engraving is a good representation of
the building.

BOSTON NOTIOKS, 233

THE BOSTON FEMALE ASYLUM.

Was instituted Sept. 25, 1800. This society was formed
by a number of eminent ladies for the charitable and
ennobling purpose of relieving, instructing, employing,
assisting and protecting female orphan children. They
were incorporated Feb. 26, 1803 : their success in rescuing
from ruin the fatherless children of the city, has equalled
the most benevolent expectations of its founders ; thousands
of little parentless girls have been protected and supported
by them through the weak and helpless years of childhood,
and placed honorably in society as worthy and valued mem-
bers. Their asylum was located at the corner of Lincoln St.
but removed in 1846 to a spacious edifice on Washington St.
built by their munificence and a determination to do their
full share of good with the patriots of the day. This insti-
tution has about 60 children under its protection at this time.

On placing the corner stone of their new building on its
alloted spot, an engraved plate with the following record
was imbedded there in proper form, viz. —

Boston Female Asylum for Orphan Children,

Founded A. D., 1800 ;— Incorporated 1S03.
This house was erected A.D., 1844, by aid of liberal contributions from
citizens of Boston, under the superintendence of

William Lawrence, George C. Scattuck,

Henry Hall, and Thomas B. Wales.

Architect, Isaiah Rogers.
Present Officers of the Society,
Mrs. William Prescott, 1st. Directress, Mrs. Chas. Tracy, 2d. Directress.
Mrs. Mary Otis, Treasurer. Mrs. Thomas B. Wales, Sec'y.
Managers.
Mrs. Amos Lawrence, Mrs. Henry Hall, Mrs. G. C. Shattuck,
Mrs. Isaac Mansfield, Mrs. Chas. Barnard, Miss M. F. Lamb,

Mrs. B. T. Pickman, Mrs. B. T. Reed, Mrs. Albert Fearing,

Mrs. Wm. Reynolds, Mrs. J. K. Mills, Miss .Tane Wigglesworth.

RELIGIOUS AND MORAL INSTRUCTION.

The Boston Society for the Religious and Moral Instruction
of the Poor was incorporated in 1820. Through the exertions

234 BOSTON NOTIONS.

of this society schools for the poor have been instituted in
various parts of the town and great pains taken to raise the
standard of moral character among them.

THE HOWARD BENEVOLENT SOCIETYj

Was organized June 1, 1812, and incorporated Feb. 16,
1818. Their object of association, was to search out and
administer to the wants of the sick and infirm ; more partic-
ularly that class who are not entitled to any special commis-
seration from the churches through membership : in the
winter season a load of wood dropped at the door of an
unfortunate family or that of a poor woman is an important
blessing to the receiver, and cannot fail of raising their
voices to grateful sentiments in return for such generous
beneficiaries; it cheers the heart and prompts to virtue.

CITY GOVERNMENT.

Six ineffectual attempts had been made at various times
by a portion of the citizens for a charter government with
City powers for the town of Boston ; the first attempt was in
1651 ; the second in 1708* and the third in 1784 ; at this last
period the subject was debated and masterly handled by
various speakers, and the meeting concluded with raising a
committee of thirteen, to report a better plan of government
than that of town powers, if needful ; and also a better regu-
lation for the police : — On the 4th of June the committee
made their report with two forms, one vesting the power in
a Mayor, Recorder, 12 Aldermen and 24 Councilmen; the
other to delegate nearly the same powers to 12 selectmen,
one from each ward ; joined with a president and six select-
m.en chosen at large : the discussion of these propositions
was elaborate and lengthy, and the meeting closed with a
vote to print the documents and adjourn the decision thereon

*See page 97 this work.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 235

te the 17lh of Juao : on that day the meeting began in dis-
order and ended in tumidt : the general cry was vociferous ;
^' no corporation, — "no Mayor and Aldermen, — no innova-
tions,''' this constituted the chief sounds from unceasing
roaring : As soon as the. moderator^ (Hon, Thos. Dawes)
<iouId put a motion for acceptance or non-acceptance of the
plans to the people, it was largely voted down in the neg-
ative.

In 1785 the subject was again revived, and with less cer-
emony from the people, — it received a quietus for that time :
In 1792 another attempt was made under different auspices,
and propositions made ; the principal effect of which would
have been, to lessen the number of town meetings, and this
time the vote was; nay 701, yea 517 : eminent persons of
both political parties, which at this time assumed a distinc-
tive character, were on each side of the discussion : Hon.
Benj. Aastin on the major party and Gov, Sullivan on the
minor.

In 1804, on the 12th of Jan., two persons were chosen in
each ward to form a committee to devise some improved
plan of government to take with the " Boston notions," and
they reported to the town their best suggestions on the 9th of
April, but which were rejected : these repeated trials for a
city charter, ever ending in a strong loud voice of rejection,
it was thought would put ''that spirit" to sleep for many
years, and 17 summers did pass by, before the subject was
again brought forth for consideration : the mass of the peo-
ple called for more energy and decision in the management
€f the affairs of the town, and in 1822, the town of Boston
surrendered its ancient charter and with it, its primitive ad-
miniitration of the laws and of civil polity, and decked itself
''in the mystical emblazonment of a city robe and vestment:

On the 7th of Jan., at a regular meetin|^ of the citizens, a
. 4pity charter was voted for by a majority of 600, and on a final

t

236 BOSTON NOTIONS.

decision of the whole subject, on the 4th of March, the major
vote for acceptance swelled to 916, which was established
and made known by a proclamation from the governor on
the 7th of that month. According to the letter of the charter
the selectmen divided the town into twelve wards, with as
near an equal number of inhabitants in each, as could be
conveniently collected, and the various parties proceeded to
organize and officer the wards : there was no very gieat
difficulty in finding candidates for all the offices where there
were duplicates; for each of the political parties were to
share, and balance the scale ; but that of Mayor, was alone,
solus ; and could not be divided : Messrs. H. G. Otis, Josiah
Quincy and Thomas L. Winthrop were candidates for the
Mayoralty, and it resulted in not electing either : on the
16th of April the Hon. John Phillips was chosen Mayor by
nearly a unanimous vote :

The 1st of May was named in the charter as the political
birth-day of the city government, and great preparations
were made in Faneuil Hall for inducting the Mayor and
other officers in their new stations : two of the galleries were
filled with ladies, and the hall in all its parts crammed to
excess: the Rev. Dr. Baldwin addressed the throne of
grace with prayer : Chief Justice Parker administered the
oaths of allegiance and of office to the Mayor elect, who
qualified the Aldermen and members of the Common Coun-
cil : — the chairman (Mr. E. Williams) of the selectmen then
addressed the new officers, and delivered to the Mayor the
city charter, enclosed in a superb silver vase and the ancient
act for incorporating Boston as a town, nearly two centuries
previous, with the books of its records : — the Mayor replied
with judicious remarks on the past government and it havin-j
safely and prosperously protected the citizens under its pan-
oply : and on the subject of a change in the form of it, h^
observed, that if the charter as then granted by the legisla-

BOSTON NOTIONS. 237

tiire was not perfect in all its developements for the best
rules to meet the hearty co-operation and approbation of the
citizens, that on a little experience of its details and provis-
ions, whatever may be found wanting would be speedily
supplied from the great fountain of the delegated wisdom of
the people : after the address, the boards withdrew and in
convention elected Samuel F. McCleary, city clerk.

In 1823, the Hon. Josiah Quincy, Sen., was elected Mayor
of the city with a plurality over Hon. Geo. Blake of 325
votes, and in 1824 he was re-elected by almost a unanimous
vote of the citizens ; and this became a pretty busy year for
that gentleman's talents, ingenuity, foresight and perseve-
verance : the bold and public vices of a certain large section
of the city, he placed under the bans of law and order :
many of the crooked ways and roads of the city he made
straight : and all of them were cleared of rubbish, inconve-
nient nuisances and dirt ; and the great achievement for
building a city Market House was arranged: the corner
stone laid on the 27th of April, 1825, and completed in 1827,
of two stories ; 535 feet 9 inches front length : the ground
floor under the title of City Market, and the story above as
Quincy Hall : for some further remarks on this building, see
page 115.

Mr. Quincy continued to be elected Mayor of the city for
six successive years, and in that time placed his finger for
reform on many subjects which will long continue to have
an important bearing on the general features of the city : he
had not long enjoyed the repose and quiet of a private
citizen, when he was called to preside over the ahna mater
of Harvard University at Cambridge, which he governed
with parental affection and dignity till 1844, and then re-
signed the charge to Hon. Edward Everett, the affectionate

238 BOSTON NOTIONS.

and favored son of the institution and of intellectual Belles
Lettres :

Mayors chosen. — John Phillips, 1822, one year.
Josiah Quincy, 1823, six consecutive years.
Harrison G. Otis, 1829, three do.

Charles Wells, 1832, two do.

Theodore Lyman, 1834, two do.

Samuel T. Armstrong-, 1836, one year.
Samuel A. Elliot, 1837, three successive years.
Jonathan Chapman, 1840, three do.

Martin Brimmer, 1843, two do.

Thomas A. Davis, 1845, died Nov. 2.5th. same year.
Josiah Quincy, Jr., 1S45, present mayor.

During the elder Quincy's first rnayorality year, the
Organization of the city government was changed from May
to the first Monday of January in each year.

To the honor of S. F. McCleary, for gentlemanly bearing
and attention to the arduous duties of city clerkj he has
enjoyed the approbation of his citizens for twenty five suc-
cessive years, with an almost unanimous vote at every yearly
ballotino- for that office.

SOUTH COVE CORPORATION.

The Charter of this incorporation is dated Jan. 31st., 1833;
the shares were $^00 each, and 829 being subscribed for,
produced the sum of $414,500; the filling up of the cove
commenced May 3d., 1834, and 77 acres of good land com-
pleted in Nov. 1837. — 56 of that amount wholly reclaimed
from the dock tide waters ; the whole of this practical part
of the concern under the management of Francis Jackson,
who has acquitted himself with great credit and for the stock-
holders great profit.

Five artesian wells have been sunk, all of which furnish
an inexhaustible supply of good, soft water, the average
cost of which was about S500, and their average depth 95
feet : cast iron tubes eight inches diameter are inserted,

BOSTON NOTIONS. 239

through which the water rises to within eleven feet of the
i ground surface, and a pipe 12 inches in diameter and twen-
ty-five feet in length at the upper part of the well, with dis-
tributing tubes, supplies 40 houses each with the water by
the use of pumps.

The Worcester and Western Rail Road corporations, occu-
py 7 1-3 acres on the South Cove lands ; and also the Old
Colony Rail-Road Corporation, have their depot adjoining the
former; and prosperity now crowns both enterprises : here too
is the United States hotel, that has accommodated in a com-
fortable manner v/ith board and lodging, 600 persons at one
time.

Nearly the whole extent of Lincoln street : all of Utica
and Short streets, all of Albany, Hudson, Tyler and nearly
the whole of Harrison Avenue have been formed out of
Dock occupancies.

In conversation with a middling-interest man in 1844, he
said that he had subscribed and paid for 10 shares in the
Western Rail Road S5000, and that it had not then netted
him one cent in return ; and he made out his story at first,
with all pretended lamentation, quite grevious to a friendly
ear ; but then — he added, I'll tell you how I get my interest
money — my houses that used to let for S250 per year and
glad to get that for them, now freely pay $300, and my but-
ter is but 12 or 14 cents which before cost me 20 to 25; good
milk 4, former price forbad, 6 cents — eggs at 12, former
price 20 — pork 6, former price 8 to 10, &c., &c. — and he
added, when I go down to the depot, and see such an im-
mense quantity of stock, merchandize and produce coming
into the city over that road, it does my heart good, and I
don't care if it never pays me one cent back : and so then said
I, you would not hesitate to put down $5000 more for any
great projected improvement in the city, would you? no,
said he, I would put it down with all my heart, and free as

240 BOSTON NOTIONS,

water ; — this man was George Hills ; and now in addition to
the merit of being a public spirited citizen, he reaps a fair
percentage on his whole investment and which will increase
with the increasing trade and travel over that ever busy road.

THE PENITENT FEMALES^ REFUGE,

Is an institution for reclaiming from a vicious course, those
unhappy women whose false steps have withered their
bright prospects for the enjoyment of a fair reputation and
standing in society, and are desirous of returning to the paths
of virtue : a committee of ladies visit the institution weekly
and a board of gentlemen as directors, chosen yearly from
the subscribers to the funds of the establishment, manage the
pecuniary concerns : the society was formed in 1819, and in-
corporated Jan. 21st., 1823.

THE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL.

In 1799 the sum of Five thousands dollars was bequeathed
for building a Hospital : and from that acorn has grown a
glorious oak with unbrageous branches for the protection of
sick and weary travellers. In 1810, some little exertion
was made to interest the millionares in the good purpose,
and in 1811, Feb. 25th, fifty-six gentlemen were incorpora-
ted by the name of the Massachusetts General Hospital, and
to hold property to the amount of $30,000 yearly income :
The Legislature also granted to the association a fee simple
in the estate of the Old Province House on condition that
$100,000 should be raised by subscription in ten years: In
the autumn of 1816, a subscription was commenced in good
earnest, and 1047 individuals in Boston, Salem, Plymouth,
Charlestown and some other towns subscribed amounts either
for the Hospital or the Asylum for the insane : upwards of

BOSTON NOTIONS. 241

100 subscribed $100, and several from Si 000 to 5000, and
one 820,000: donations of large amounts have since then been
made which has increased the capital to a greater sum than
any other institution has realized, except that of Harvard
University.

In 1816, The trustees purchased the Barrell estate in
Charlestown and have built tw^o extensive brick buildings
and requisite out houses, which in addition to the splendid
mansion previously there, with its spacious garden grounds
affords extensive conveniences and jcomforts for the poor un-
fortunate maniac.

In 1817, they purchased four acres of land on the north-
west part of Boston, and July 4th, 1818, laid a corner stone
due form for the structure of the main edifice on that lot,
and in 1845 and 6, two extensive wings were added, allowing
an increased number of free beds for the sufferers.

EAST BOSTON.

This now integral part of Boston comprising- about 700
acres, was first known as Noddle's Island : it was assumed
in 1629 by an early emigrant of the name of Samuel
Maverick, and was afterwards granted to him by the general
Court on the payment of £10, or by a fat wether or hog,
yearly, to the Governor : — in 1636 it was annexed to Boston :
— in 1650 George Briggs held its title : — in 1668 it became
the property of Sir Thomas Temple ; and it appears that the
heirs* of Col. Samuel Shrimpton had the fee simple of it,
and sold it to a company in 1831 for about $70,000 : — they laid
it out with streets for a speculation ; but before any returns
were realized for their great ouday, it proved ruinous to some
of the projectors : — but at this day 1847, one of their best
wharves could not be had for what the whole Island cost : —
in 1810 but 18 persons inhabited the whole area.

*Mr, Williams.

242 BOSTON NOTIONS.

The rapid building up of the place may be attributed in a
great measure to the Eastern Rail Road Depot being there,
and the Cunard British line of Steamers arriving and depart-
ing every fortnight during the summer months, and monthly
during the winter months, from their fine deep-water-wharf
on the south-western part of the Island, fronting old Boston :
— the manufacturing interests are greatly extending there
and enterprise is prominently marked on their movements :
— they have been but poorly supplied with the purest quali-
ty of water, and a company has been formed for excavating
the earth by boring a depth of 1200 feet if necessary, to ob-
tain that nursery of life in the greatest quantity and of the
purest kind : they have penetrated the depth of 400 feet and
cased that cavity with thick cast-iron cylinders.

In France the artesian * wells made in a similar manner,
have produced an immense volume of water, throwing up
continually at a height of from 30 to 60 feet above the earth's
surface ; which is said to be the nearest kin to perpetual mo-
tion, ^ of any thing known ''this side of that;" and the
'' Bostoneers " there, are set on having such a treasure. *

The population of East Boston is about 6000 : the houses
are generally w^ell built and some are neat and elegant j
and in time will cover their land with works of art, and for
art, " as the waters cover the seas : " The map of the city
in this work shows its geographical situation and arrange-
ments.

SUFFOLK SAVINGS BANK FOR SEAMEN AND OTHERS.

This is a noble institution, for many of our best men com-
pose the board of managers : they have associated together
for protecting the hard earnings of the industrial classes
without fee or reward : no safer place for depositing the ex-

* So called from the town of Artois in France, where are natural welU
gushing up through holes in a stratum of liroe-stojie:

BOSTON NOTIONS. 243

Ira gains from industry care or frugality can be found than
here : previous to the establishment of sim.ilar institutions,
the extra earnings of the hard working classes, had been
placed in the hands of weak headed or crafty knaves, who
generally appropriated them to other purposes ; and it were
better never to have been accumulated, than the whole
should be swept off at once from their hope of enjoyment :
The Suffolk Savings Bank was chartered in 1833, and for
fourteen years has given an honest test of its faithfulness
and fidelity in preserving and increasing the funds of depos-
itors : it now numbers 2859 on its books for the amount of
$578,460,35; two thirds of which funds are vested in real
estate by mortgage : the government of the institution is
composed of twenty- four philanthropic gentlemen, whose time
and services are devoted to its correct management from
patriotic and generous motives ; and the ofhcers in it, have
well sustained the intentions of its founders, by a gentlemanly
urbanity and attention to the best interests of this institution,
of unquestioned public utility. The principles and govern-
ment of it, work in the right v.'ay to produce the greatest ben-
efit to the community ; for the funds saved by the working
classes, placed where it will be preserved safe for the own-
ers' call on any important emergency, becomes a prop and
support to the first lessons of economy and an important in-
centive to pursue a rational course through life ; while on
the other hand, if there were not such institutions to rel}^ up-
on, the small amounts might be wasted and lost, and princi-
ples of economy be deemed useless ; and perhaps the indi-
vidual from that cause, become an object for the charities of
the community at some future time, to a larger amount than
that, which if preserved, would have averted the calamity
of dependence, want, or relief from a charity fund.

The Suffolk Savings Bank is open daily from 9 A. M.^
to 1 P. M,, for deposites of one dollar or more, and when the

244 BOSTON NOTIONS.

sum is five dollars it is then placed on compound interest of
4 per cent : every five years, an overplus is created over this
per centum which is then divided among the depositors, ex-
cept so much as is necessary to meet the bills for rent, sal-
aries of the ofiicers and incidental expenses of the establish-
ment. The institution is in the elegant new Museum build-
ing Tremont Street.

BOSTON FREE CITY LIBRARY.

We wish we could have the pleasure of stating that such
an institution was in the most prosperous condition ; hundreds
of our citizens are in quest of information on important sub-
jects, explained only in tomes too costly for them to purchase,
and beyond their reach at ten dollars per year : the artizan
and mechanic have no avenue open to them for the satisfac-
tion of their researches, and if some few may have an hon-
orary membership to some collection of books, it is irksome
to them to avail themselves of its priveleges accompanied
with the humble claims of favor.

A public institution under the guardianship of the city au-
thorities, could be freely endowed by contributions from its
noble hearted citizens; and at a few hundred dollars expense
to the city, would afford a valuable resource for the inquir-
ing mind of the middling classes : possessing a good philo-
logical collection of volumes in the arts and sciences, valu-
able to the researches of those whose aim is to do some-
thing meritorious for themselves and beneficial to the com-
munity.

The Legislature of the state of Massachusetts are so noble
piinded, when embodied, that few grievances or wants
among the people, but obtain from them a fair consideration
and redress ; and very unlike a sister state, it grants^ import-
ant favors to the citizens on any rational explanation and pe-

BOSTON NOTIONS. 245

tition on the subject : and similar politic and liberal views
and feelings are developed in the city government of Boston:
so extensive are the provisions made for the years of child-
hood and minority, that every stage of it seems provided for ',
and the great finish to their liberal policy, would appear to
be crowned with a public city library for the use of all its
citizens, placed under certain checks and government to en-
sure its safety and perpetuity.

The attic of the Old Town House would afford all the
room and conveniences for such an institution, easy of ac-
cess to those for whose benefit it may be designed ; there
it would be remote from noise ; — prepared at a small cost
and most centrally for the mass of the people : and this
change of its present uses of dressing the outward man, for
that of adorning the inward and developing the powers of
mind, would be no sorry change in its feature.

THE REVERE HOUSE.

This extensive edifice comprising 226 rooms in all, was
erected by the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Associa-
tion, at the corner of Bulfinch street and Bowdoin square,
formerly the spacious mansion and garden lot of the late
Boott estate ; The main building has five stories, and two
wings at its south and west has four each, besides the base-
ment : Entrance for Ladies are on the south and west wing,
each facing Bowdoin square, where the internal arrange-
ments are so ingeniously managed, that the private apart-
ments are agreeably approached: the main entrance is
adorned with a Portico, supported by four Corinthian col-
iinms : on entering the building the eye is arrested by a
spacious hall with a floor of the finest marble tile and which
appears of boundless extent by the reflections of an immense
sized mirror at its extremity, which reflects its real capa-

246 BOSTON KOTIONS.

ciousness and beauty, to a double amount and extent ; and
tlie whole scene is filled willi columns and splendid furniture
and adornments and forms a very pleasing optical illusion.

Tliere are three sky-lights stained with gorgeous coloring,
one being over the central stair-way, and a window of the
same style of coloring is near the Ladies' Drawing Room. —
The Gentlemen's Dining hall is about 100 by 40 feet and 17
feet high and furnished with glittering chandeliers and every
other article for use or ornament in great profusion. — The
Ladies' drawing room is classically designed and beautifully
arranged in the western wing, and affords interesting scenery
views from its windows : — the Ordinary for the Ladies is sup-
plied with fascinating mirrors to reflect similar faces and
forms, replicate to almost infinity : — throughout this estab-
lishment are sofas, lounges and chairs of every variety and
form, covered with the richest satin or velvet, and in con-
nection with the draperies, curtains, cornices and embellish-
ments, imparts to the whole a princely appearance.

The carpeting has been brought from a great distance ;
as " dear bought and far fetched is fit for ladies," the at-
tempt for such a realization has been made by their honor-
able host, Paran Stevens : The whole establishment is ven-
tilated by a new process from the basement to the attic, and
as a whole it seems to be prized by the elite among connois-
ures, as the Chefd' ouvre and most genteel andcommodious-
ly arranged and fitted public house ever opened in Boston.
Mr. S. has taken a lease of the establishment for ten years,
and for his urbanity and assiduous attention to the wants and
comforts of his boarders, without doubt will meet v/ith an
ample remuneration for his vast expenditures for fixtures and
ornaments to the building : the accompanying engraving is
a good and true representation of the main building with the
two wings.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 247

FIRST DIRECTORY FOR BOSTON FOR 1789.

The first Directory published in Boston was in 1789 : Imprint ; " Printed
' and sold by John Norman, Oliver's Dock ;"— 1431, names appear in tiie body
of the work, and 43 at the end, as omissions : — the classification of names
under each letter, was not in the least attended to ; the letter A has 53
names, and that list begins and ends with the name of Adams : letter B
has 189 names, beginning with Bowdoin and ending with Baker.

In this reprint of that Directory, we have aimed to arrange them in a more
correct alphabetical order for the convenience of the curious in such matters :
— as to tlie omissions, the probability is there was a larger number than those
stated :— about that time, Benjamin Dearborn removed from Portsmouth,
N. H.,and occupied the Green Dragon Building in Union Street, as an acad-
emy, some three or four years previous to the purchase of one half of James
AVakefield's garden lot, v/ith a wooden house on it of 24 rooms ; on tlie spot
where two of the Morton block now stand ; Vvdiich lot extended on the west
line of Theatre alley to FrankUn Place, and cost 2S50 dollars, but valued now
at nearly 100,000 dollars ; * on which Mr. D. built an academy, mostly with
the boards aud lumber of the first Theatre built in Boston in 1792, on Hawley
Street : which theatre was used as such for one short season only.

In the next published Directory, that of 1796, Mr. D's name appears as
teacher in Milk Street, and Mr. Francis Sales' as teacher of the French and
Spanish Languages at that academy : the Directory of 1789 having 1474
names, and that of 179G, having 3531, gives an increase of 2057 business
names, during the seven years between those two dates ; which is a large
increase for that period of time : the latter Directory was published by John
West and printed by Manning & Loring : names eminent for accuracy and
responsibility ; the list of inhabitants in the Town's book of Possessions for
1695, wliich is printed in this work, has 1317 names ; being only 157 less than,
in the Directory of 1789 : 94 years afterwards.

The first Directory gives a list of eleven Fire Engine Companies, for as
many engipes : — and only one Bank, the Massachusetts : the business
hours of which, were from 10 to 1 and from 3 to 5 o'clock, daily ; except
" Sundays, Independence, Christmas, Commencement, Election, public
Thanksgivings and Fasts."

The Directory for 1796, records three banks, viz : Massachusetts, Branch
of the United States, and Union Bank ; all of them located in State Street.

The Directory for 1789 has 1474 names ; for 1796, 3531 ; for 1810, 5755 ; for
1813, 6151 ; for 1810, 7360 ; for 1820, 7650 ; for 1821, 8705 ; for 1823, 8760 ;
for 1825, 9,069; for 1825, 11,050; for 1827, 11.244; for 1828, 11,420; for 1831,
12,295 ; for 1832, 12,699 ; for 1833, 12,933 ; for 1834, 13,733 ; for 1835, 14,613 ;
for 1836, 14,670 ; for 1S37, 15,636 ; for 1838, 15,881 ; for 1839, 16,737; for 1840,
17,807; for 1S41, 19,730; for 1842, 20,063; for 1843, 20,930; for 1844, 22,575;
for 1845, 23,932 ; for 1846, 25,488; and for 1847, 26,488.

*Mr. Ds. real estate to the value of 90.000 dollars is all bequeathed to the
Boston Dispensary.

U

248

BOSTON NOTIONS.

BOSTON DIRECTORY FOR 1789,

Abrahams Ralph, tailor, Middle-st.
Abraham Natli"!. gentleman, Back st.
Abraliams Wm. tailor, Hauover st.
Acres Geo. cabinet maker, Back st.
Adams Samuel, Hon. AVinter street.
Adams & Molineux, auctioneers. No.
9 Merchants-row.

Adams Dan'l, shop-keeper, Market sq.

Adams Abraham, leather dresser and

breeches maker, 7'2 Newbury st.

Adams & Nourse, printers. Court st.

Adams James, barber. Fish-street.

Adams Jos. cabhiet maker. Center st

Adams Seth, trader. No. 57 Cornhill.

Addams Elijah, sexton, Prince-street-
Adams Samuel, truckman, Eliot st.

Adamson R. mariner, Southack's ct.

Addoras Jonas. & Co. bro. State st.

Alexander Giles, merchant. No. 52
Long-wharf.

Alexander Jos. barber. Orange st.

Allen James, gentleman. Beacon st.

Allen Jere. gentleman. Beacon st.

Allen Thomas, tailor, Leverett st.

Allen Mrs. milliner. Court street.

Allen Ed. carpenter, Marshall's 1.

Alline Henry, notary public. State st.

A.mory Jonathan, jr. shop Cornhill.

Amory John and Thomas, store keep-
ers, No. 41 Marlborough street.

Amory Jonathan, merchant. State st.

Amory Thos. jr. mer. 36 Long wf.

Amory Rufus G. 10 Cornhill, office
Court street.

Andrews John, merchant, 4 Union st.

AndrewsWm. housewright, Essex st.

Andrew Wm. fisherman, Middle st.

Appleton Nath. U. States Loan-office,
Atkinson street.

Appleton, Nath. W. physician. South
Latin School st. near Stone Chapel.

Appleton Wm. carpenter. Prince st.

Appleton Sarah Mrs. Prince street.

Appleton Tho. housewright. Pond st.

Archbald Azor G. shop 7 Union st.

Archer Moses, boot maker, Adams st.

Archbald Francis, gentlemen board-
ers. Church-square, Cornhill.

Armour Enoch, No. 42 State street.

Armstrong John, painter, 8 Long-wf.

Armstrong Samuel, pahiter, Ann st.
near Crogs-street.

Atkins Silas, mariner, Prince street.

Austin Daniel, grocer, 47 Cornhill.

Austin Jon. L. and Benj. jr. rope-walk
near Beacon-hill, store 37 Long-wf.

Austin Sam. jr. founder, Market-sq.

Austin Nathaniel, goldsmith, Back st.

Austin Josepbj baker, Ship street.

Avery John, justice, Newbury St..
Avery John, jr. Esq. Secretary of the

State, Newbury street.
Avery Mrs. boarding, Marlborough st.
Aves, Samuel, cooper, Parsoii's wf.

Ship-street.
Ayers Nath. W. India goods, No. 12

Marlborough street.
Babcock Adam, Common street.
Bacon Josiah, Temple street
Badger John, auctioneer, Ann street.
Badger John, painter. Fore street.
Badger Mr. fisherman. Fore street.
Badger Thomas, pewterer. Prince st.
Bagder Samuel, jr. shop Aim street,

house Lynn street.
Baker Mrs. innholder. Dock square.
Baker Luke, shop 66 Cornhill.
Baker Nathaniel, blacksmith, head of

Governor Hancock's wharf.
Baker Alexander, caulker, Hull st.
Baker, Widow, gentlemen boarders,

Batterymarch street.
Ballard John, housewright. Ship st.
Ballard John, stable, Rawson's lane.
Ballard Samuel, hay weigher. Com-
mon street.
Ballard John, innholder. Fish street.
Balch Jonathan, block maker, shop
Barrett's wharf, house Hawkins .st.
Balch Nath'l hatter. No. 72 Cornhill.
Bancroft James, grocer. Back street.
Bangs Samuel, cordwahier, Kilby st.
Bangs Sam. jr. glazier, Kilby st.
Barbar John, tailor. Prince street.
Barber Thomas, cooper. Middle st.

shop on Salisbury's wharf.
Barker Macomber, joiner, Lynde st.
Bartlet Roger, marhier, Beiniet st.
Barnabas Jas, housewright. North sq.
Barnard Tristram, Capt. Cold-lane.
Barrett Samuel, sailmaker. Friend st.

sail loft on Barrett's wharf
Barrett Samuel, justice, Hanover st.
Barrett Sam. jr. sailmaker, Sudy st.
Barrett Joseph W. sailmaker, Batte-
rymarch street.
Barron Thomas, ropemaker, Cam-
bridge street.
Barry John, tailor. Purchase street.
Barren Jos. merchant. Summer st.
Bartlet John, tailor, S3 Newbury st.
Bartlet William, hatter. Orange st-
Bartmus Godfrey John, furrier, Cam,

bridge street.
Bass Moses B. upholsterer, Orange st.
Bass Henry, merchant, store Orange

St. house in Rawson's lane.
Bass Samuel, tartuer, WUliara's el.

BOSTON NOTIONS,

249

Basset Joseph, cooper, Back street,
Batbidge John, hatter, ship street.
Bales Dan. leather-dresser, Orange st.
Baty Thankful, Mrs. store 15 Ann st.

dwelling- house Cambridge street.
Baxter Eben. tailor, Marshall's lane.
Buxter Rufus, cordwainer, 31 Union.
Baxter John, and Co. boot and shoe

store, No, 14 State strset.
Baxter Benj. retailer, Boston stone.
Bayley Thomas, collector. Orange st.
Bayley MattView, jr. baker, Temple.
Bayley Matthew, baker. Wing's lane.
Bayley Benjamin, baker,AVing's lane.
Bazin and Poignand, store, 16 Coruh.
Beals Joshua, tailor, 32 Marlboro' st.
Beals Samuel, tailor. Fore street.
Beals Thomas, innholder. Market sq.
Beal Levi, carpenter, Devonshire st
Be&ne John, store Marshall's lane.
Belcher Sarson, hatter, Newbury st.
Belknap Jere. merchant, Minot's T.
Belknap Jeremy, Rev. Summer st.
Belknap Sam. goldsmith, 30 Cornhill.
Bell Thomas, tailor. Fish street.
Bell William, bricklayer, Cold lane.
Bell Daniel, merchant. Cold lane.
BellWm jr., mason, New North lane.
Bell John, housewright, Pond st.
Bell Isaac, sailmaker. Cross street.
Bellerive de Beaury, gentleman, near

Philips's rope walk.
Belstead Wm. musician, West street.
Beutley Sam. whitesmith. Middle st.
Bentley Thomas, goldsmith, Distill

house lane.
Bentley Joshua, surveyor, Lymi st.
Bicker Martin, store keeper, Ann st.
Bigelow Daniel, store 29 Cornhill.
Biglow Francis, retailer. Milk street.
Billings Richard, tailor, School st.
Billings Joseph, tailor. Middle street.
Billings Wra. musician, Newbury st.
Bingham Caleb, school master, No. 3

State St. dwelling house Bennet st.
Bird Isaac, jr. currier, 10 Newbury st.
Bird Lsaac, cordwainer, Orange st.
Bird William, store Washington st.
Blair Victor, soap boiler, Lynn st.
Blake Sam. chair maker, Newbury st.
Blake William, sadler. Orange st.
Blake Edmund, truckman, South st.
Blake Ed. housewright. Pleasant st.
Blanchard Ed. jr. store 9 Long wf.
Blanchard Geo. store 20 Long wf.
Blanchard Josh, groceries, Dock sq.
Blanchard Ed. truckman, Atkinson st.
Blodget Caleb, store 23 Cornhill.
Blodget & Oilman, store 53 State st.

Boardman Wm. jr. store north side
the Market, house Sudbury et.

Boardman and Sou, hatterr , Ann st.

Boga Jane, boarding house, Royal
Exchange lane.

Boit John, grocer, south side the Mar-
ket, dwelling house, West Boston.

Bolter Th. housevTight, Nassau .^t.

Bond Nathan, broker, 31 Cornhill.

Bond & Bryant, shoe-store, Ann st.

Bond Joseph, baker, W^est Boston.

Bonner Jn, wharf Batteryraarch st.

Boot and Pratt, merchants, 55 State
St. dwelling house Brattle square.

Booth Francis, lemon dealer. Prince.

Bordman Wm. mer. store Green's wf.

Bosson John, hair dresser, Orange st.

Bouve Gibbens, housewright, Prhice.

Bouve Jon. ship\vright. Battery alley.

Bouve, Jn. shipwright. Battery alley.

Bowdoin James, Hon. Beacon street.

Bowers Isaac, store No. 17 Cornhill.

Bowes Nicholas, stationer, Tremont st

Bowland Hannah, retailer, Middle st.

Boyer Peter, Esq. town treasurer,
Sudbury street.

Boyle John, bookseller and stationer,
No. IS Marlborough street.

Boynton Richard, Esq. deputy sheriff,
Marlborough street.

Brace David, Hanover street.

Bracket Joshua, innholder, Crom-
well's Head, South Latin School st.

Bradley Th. cordwainer, 12 State st.

Bradley David, wine mer. Slate st.

Bradley, Nathan, cordwainer, New-
bury street.

Bradley Ebenezer, cordwainer. Bish-
op's alley.

Bradley Isaac, ^op shop. Fish street.

Bradley Moses, near Charles river b.

Bradley N. housewright and cistern
maker, corner of HoUis and Nassau.

Bradley Josiah, tinman, Kilby street.

Bradford Rachel, boarding, Kilby st.

Bradford Sam. merchant, store But-
ler's row, house in Hanover street.

Bradford William B. tailor, Kilby st.

Bradford widow, corner of Cold lane.

Bradstreet Samuel, No. 4, south side
the State house.

Bradshaw Henry, distiller, Distill-
house square.

Brag John, cooper, Green's wharf.

Brailsford Norton, plumber & glazier,
shop Ann st. house Scotow's alley.

Bray .lohn, cooper, Spear's wharf.

Brazer John, store, No. 3 Dock sq.

Breck Samuel, merchant, Common st.

250

BOSTON NOTIONS.

Breck Wm. distill house Orange st.
house Pleasant street.

Breed William, baker, Temple st.

Brewer Nath. glazier, Batterymarch.

Brewer John, pump maker, Summer.

Brewer .las, pump maker. Summer st.

Brewer Dav. iunholder, AVing's lane,

Brewster Oliver, store 70 Coruhill.

Briant John, trader. Eliot street.

Bright John, upholsterer, 17 Marl-
borough street.

Bright Thomas and Richard, cabinet
makers, 44 Marlborough street.

Bright Geo. cabinet maker, Fish st.

Brightman Joseph, teach, Proctor's 1.

Brimmer Andrew, store 52 Cornhill.

Brimmer Herman, merchant, No. 76
Cornliill

Brown John, Esq. Orange street.

Brown Ephraim, cordwainer, Ann st.

Brown Gawen, watchmaker. State st.

Brown Wm. and Josiah, store Orange

Brown John, housewright, Devon-
shire street.

Brown Wm, ship joiner, Prince st.

Brown V. Edward, baker, Bennet st.

Bro-wni Dan. house\VTight, Hawkins st

Bruce Stephen, merchant, store No.
28 State street.

Bruce Alexander and James, boot and
shoe makers, Kilby street.

Bryant William, broker, 34, opposite
the State Treasurer's office.

Bryant James, No. 31 Marlboro' st.

Buckley Mary, shop keeper, Fish st.

Buckler James, cooper. Concert hall.

Bulfinch Thomas, physician, Bow-
doin square.

Bulfmch Charles, gent. Marlboro' st.

Bull John, baker. Fish street.

Bullard Moses, innholder, Royal Ex-
change lane.

Bumstead Jer. tailor, shop 51 State
St. dwelling house 20 Union street.

Bumstead Jere. jr. store 8 Long wf.

Bumpstead Thomas, coach maker,
Common street.

Burbeck Thos, mariner, Dagget's al.

Burditt Eben. housewright. Beer lane.

Burgess Wm. merchant, 35 State st,
house in Southack's c. New Boston.

Burley William, broker, office north
side the State house.

Burroughs Geo. merchant, store 3
Long wharf, house Pitt's lane.

Burrill David, cordwainer, Cam-
bridge street.

Burrill Samuel, blacksmith, North
Battery.

Burrill Samuel, black.smitli, Ship st.

Burrill, sign the Cock, Wing's lane.

Burrows Ezek. mariner, Hanover st.

Burroughs Wm. clerk, Federal st.

Burt Benjamin, silversmith. Fish st.

Burt Ed. cooper, Back ,st. shop Ann st.

Bush Joseph, Hanover street.

Butler Eph. baker. Salutation alley.

Butler Mary, boarding 56 Newbury st

Butterfield .John, constable, Beacon st.

Butters Jcshua, tailor. Middle st.

Cabot Samuel, store 17 Long wharf,
house Middlecott street.

Cade George, ropemaker, Hancock st.

Cades John, sexton. Charter st.

Calahan Patience, boarding. Aim st.

Caleb Daniel, housewright, South st.

Calender Benjamin, tailor, Cornhill.

Call Nath. housewright, Temple st.

Callender Joseph, jr. grocer's .store,
south side Market, house Prince st.

Callender Joseph, engraver, Half-
square, State street.

Callender Joseph, ship chandler. State
St. house in Middlecott street.

Callender Wra. turn. Slate st. h. Milk.

Cambell Patrick blacksmith, Water st

Cambridge Charles, bookbinder, Lev-
erett's lane.

Campbell And. teacher,Leverett's 1.

Capen Wm. houseM'right and ship
joiner, near Scarlet's wharf Ship st.

Capen Hopestill, store Union st.

Cargill, Hvigh, retailer, Cambridge st.

Carieton Osgood, teacher of mathe-
maticks, Oliver's dock.

Carnes Jn, rope maker. West Boston.

Carnes Thomas and Lewis, shop
keepers, No. 60 Cornhill.

Carnes Dolly, store No. 34 Union st.

i^arnes Susanna, shop, Marshall's 1.

Carnes Jn, jr. store No. 54 Cornhill.

Carrel John, tailor, Batterymarch st.

Carter Caleb, blacksmith, Bishop's al.

Carter James, schoolmaster. Court st.

Cary Jonathan, keg maker, Fish st.

Caswell & Tyler, ropemakers, rope-
walk Cambridge st. h. Temple st.

Caswell Elijah, housewright, South
Latin School street.

Cater Thomas, brass and cabinet
founder, Pond lane.

Cayis Moses, housewright, South st.

Chamberlain Thomas, tailor. Fish st.

Chamberlain Richard, tailor, No. 2
Newbury street.

Chandler. Eben. boarding. Ship st.

ChaudlerBenj. truckman. Back st.

Chase Jas, rigger. Mill creek. Ami st.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

251

Chapman John, chaise maker, Raw-
son's lane.

Chase Jas. rigger, Rand's wf. Ann st.

Cheney Samuel, schoolmaster, Ben-
net street, school Middle street.

Chessman John, blacksmith, shop Kil-
by street, house Sudbury street.

Chikls Jonas, tailor. Purchase street.

Christy Thomas, housewright, Hoot-
on-s wf. Fish st. h. Proctor's lane.

Churchill Joseph, baker. Ship street.

Clap Bela, housewright. Temple st.

Clark Joseph, shipwright, Clark st.

Clark John, boarduig house, Ann st.

Clark Samuel, tailor. Fish street.

Clark John, Rev. Summer street.

Clark James, truckman. Pleasant st.

Clark Gregory, truckman, Pleasant st.

Clark Jn, coppersmith, 3 Newbury st.

Clark Cutler Benj. store 22 State st.
dwelling at Mrs. Cotton's, Court st.

Clark Wm, apothecary, 6 Marlb' st.

Clark Thomas, store No. 22 Cornhill.

Clarke Benj, merchant, Marlboro' st.

Clements Thomas, carpenter, Milk st.

Cleverly James, wood wharfinger,
Batterymarch street.

Clough John, brazier. Prince street.

C lough William, blacksmith. Sheaf st.

Clough Wm, housewright. State st.

Clongh Newbury, bricklayer, Love 1.

Clouston Wm, carpenter, Atkinson st.

Cobb Benj. and Sons, store 22 Long
wf, house & distillery Orange st.

Coburn John, boarders. State street.

Codman John, store 26 Cornhill.

Codman Jn, jr. merchant, store tOMTi
dock, house Hanover street.

Codner Abrah, gentleman, Cross st.

Coffin Joseph Boyd, merch. Friend st.

Cogswell John, cabinet maker. Mid-
dle street.

Coleman Dudley, American coffee
house, State street.

Coleman Isaac, boarding, Ann street.

Colman William, Federal street.

Collins Palfrey, tailor. Creek lane.

Collins Clement, carpenter, Fish st.

Colson Adam, leather dresser, Marl-
borough street.

Conant Wm, store No. 65 Newbury st.

Conant Anne, .store Newbury st.

Cornier Patrick, livery stable. No. 38
Marlborough street.

Connor Ed. imiholder, AVilson's lane.

Cook Israel, cooper, Frog lane.

Cook Israel, carpenter, Beach street.

Cookson Sam, gent. 24 Newbury st.

Coolidge Jos. merchant, 20 Cornhill.

Coolidge John, taiuu. Market .square.

Coolidge Benj. truckman,Bowdoin sq.

Cooper Jn. tailor, S. Latin School st.

Cooper Sam. State st. h. Oliver's lane.

Cooper William, E.sq. town clerk,
Hanover street, near Concert hall.

CooperW. pocket book maker,Pond 1.

Cooper Rachel, imiholder, Wing's 1.

Cooper Smith, Frog lane.

Copeland Eph. tailor, Alden's lane.

Coplen Josiah, mason, Middlecot st.

Cordwell AVm. brazier, Barrett's wf,
Ann St. house Mill bridge, Middle st

Cordwell Capt. mariner. Cold lane.

Cordwell W, jr. coppersmith, Kilby st.

Cotton Solo, blacksmith. Griffin's wf.

Cotton Mrs. boarding. Court street.

Coverly Nathaniel, printer, Back st.

Coverly Samuel, importer of English
and India goods, 10 Cornhill.

Coverly Thorn, store 40 Newbury st.

Cowley Thomas L. tailor, No. 61
Newbury street.

Cox Lemuel, millwright. Prince st.

Crafts Thomas, Justice and County
Treasurer, Cornhill.

Crafts William, Sudbury street.

Crane Abijah, carpenter, Nassau st.

Crane Thomas, wharfinger. Crane
and Woodward's wharf

Cravath Lemuel, mer. 28 Union st.

Crocker Jos. store 14 Marlboro' st.

Crosby John, store 39 Newbury st.

Crosby Daniel, wig maker and clerk
to Trinity church, Newbury street.

Crosby William, tailor. Purchase st.

Crouch Eunice, clear' starcher and
dyer, Snowhill.

Crowley and Clark, tobacconists, Mar-
ket square.

Cruft Foster, cooper. Charter street.

Cunningham John, innh. Mi-not's T.

Cnningham Wm, wharf Midddle st.

Cunningham Jn. jr. bro. 75 Cornhill.

Cunningham William and Son, mer-
chants, No. 9 Newbury street.

Curtis Nath. leather dresser. Orange.

Curtis and Williams, distillers. Rains-
ford's lane.

Gushing Eb. boatbuilder. Purchase st.

Gushing Benj. mast maker. Battery-
march St.

Gushing Joel, carpenter. Purchase st.

Gushhig Thomas, gent. Rawson's 1.

Cutler John, brassfomider. No. 39
Marlborough street

Cutler Jas. store 22 Marlboro' street.

Daflbrne Mrs." shop, Kilby street.

Daggel Samuel, mariner, Ann street.

252

BOSTON NOTIONS.

it Wm, mariner, boarding Ann.
Dakin Thomas, blacksmith, shop near

Barrett's wharf, house Union st.
Dall ^Villiam, shop Orange street.
Dallon R. Peter, Dalton street.
Dame Mark, tailor. South Latin S. si.
Danforth Sam. physician, Tremont st.
Darracott Wm. carpenter. Fish st.
Dashwood Sam. shop Marlboro' st.
Dashwood Samuel, jr. painter and

glazier. Marlborough street.
Davenport and McLean, West India

goods store, Orange street.
Davies Wm. shop 71 Cornhill.
Davis Amasa, merchant, Orange st.
Davis Ddward, shop 15 State street
Davis Isaac, store 24 Long wharf.
Davis Thomas, shop 57 Newbury st.
Davis Joseph, tinman, Orange street.
Davis Rob. and Jos, store Wash'n st.
Davis Caleb, Esq. merchant. Orange

street, store 37 State street.
Davis Jonatlian, boarding Brattle st.
Davis Samuel, shopkeeper, Ann st.
Davis Natli. school mast. Bennet st.
Davis William, shop Prince street.
Davis Joshua, carpenter, Orange st.
Davis Solomon, mere. Tremont st.
Davis Robert and Joshua, West India

Goods store, Washington street.
Davison Henry, tailor, 7 Cornhill.
Davison Alex, fisher. Salutation al.
Dawes Edward, boarding Fish street.
Dawes William jr. Market .square.
DawGs Thomas, Hon. Purchase st.
Dawes Tho. jr. 9 State st. h. Summer.
Del)lois AVilliam, store 2 Long wf
Deblois Gilbert, jr. store 19 Long wf.
Deblois Gilbert, senior, mere. 1 Corn.
Dehon Theod. barber, n. side State h.
Dennison Joseph, boardingRoyal

Exchange lane.
Dennie Tho. merch. Distillhouse .sq.
Donnet Wm. smith, Rawson's lane.
Denten John, blacksmith, Doan's wf.
Devens Richard, commissary general

office Kilby street.
Deverell, watch maker, 23 Marl-
borough street.
Dexter Aaron, physician, Milk street.
Dillaway Sam. lumber. Purchase st.
Dillon Tho. shoemaker, Creek lane.
Dhisdel John, .sand dealer. Cross ,st.
Dismore Thos. mariner, Bennet st.
Doak William, chair maker, Back st.
Doak Jn, cooper, Ann st. Middle st.
Doane Isaiah, mercltant, Tremont st.

store Doane's wharf.
Dobson John, cooper, Spear's wharf

Dock, Nathaniel, trader, Union street.
Dodd William, trader, Fi.sh street.
Dogget Wm. housewright, PJilk st.
Dolliver, Peter, merchant, Cam. st.
Domiison Wm. ad. general Winter st.
Donoson Jas, cordwainer, Orange st.
Dorr Eb. 27 Longwf. h. Orange st.
Dorr Harbottle, Esq. Salem street.
Doubleday Gardner John, grocer, 30

Marlborough street.
Dow Sara, blacksmith, shop Nassau

street, house Frog lane.
Draper Susanna, school mistress,

Marlborough street.
Draper, Betsy, mantuamaker, Marlb.
Draper Ed. printer. South Latin S. st.
Driver Richard, boarding, Pierce's al.
Druitt John, ladies boarding school,

Court street.
Drummond An. cordwainer, Han. wf.
Drury Jotham, carpenter, Essex st.
Duballet John, merch. Distillhouse sq.
Dunnel Zac. housewright, I^ove lane.
Dunton Thomas, housewright, corner

Hanover street.
Dupse Elios, schoolmaster. Ship st.
Durell Is. housewright, Purchase st,
Dyer John, saddler, 17 State street.
Dyer John, housewright. Prince st.
Eaton Joseph, hatter, Merchants row.
Eaton Benjamin, distiller, Leverett st.
Eaton Jos. auctioneer, No. 16 Ann st.
Eaton Mrs. milliner. Center street.
Eayrs Joseph, housewright, Essex st.
Eayers and Ellison, housewrights,

South street.
Eckley Joseph, Rev. Milk street.
Eckley Jos. hair dresser, AVings lane.
Edcs Benjamin and Son, pruiters, 7

State street.
Edes Jonathan, hair-dresser, Ann st.
Edes Edward, baker, Salem street.
Edmonds, Jos, housewright. Sheaf st.
Edwards Thorn, h. Middle st. o. Court
Edwards, Alexander, cabinet-maker,

Back street.
Eliot ,Iohn, Rev. Salem street.
Eliot Sam. merchant, store 36 Corn-
hill, house Tremoin street.
Eliot Josiah, ship-chandler's store,

Market square.
Elliot Simon, 'snufl' manufacturer, 51

State street.
Elliot Simon, jr. merchant, store State

street, house in Federal street.
Elhot Wm, housewright, Essex st.
Ennnes Nathaniel, gun-smith, head of

Hancock's wharf
Entmous Rh. hair dresser, Center st.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

253

Emmons Samuel, rope maker, Milk
St. dwelling house Round lane.

Emery Step, goldsmith, 5 Union si.

English Thomas, merch. 11 Long wf.

Erving John, Jr. Merchant's row.

Eustis Jos, carpenter, Cambridge St.

Eu-stis Wm, physician, Sudbury st.

Eustis Benj housewright, Sudbury st.

Eustis W. B. housewright, Sheaf st.

Everett Oliver, Rev. Summer street.

Eyres Mary, mantuamaker, Devon-
shire street.

Fairservice John, Pearl-ash-maker,
Eliot street.

Fairservice Rob, cooper, Nassau st.

Fales Stephen, shop 56 Cornhill.

Farnham Jon. hair dresser, Back st.

Farrell Rich, brass founder, Kilby st.

Fellows GustaA'US, dis. Harvard st.

Fellows Nath. merch. 44 Long wf

Fenno Sam. carpenter, Nassau st.

Fenno "\V^m. carpenter, Newbury st.

Fenno John, cordwainer, bucket ma-
ker, &c. Orange street.

Ferriter Nicholas, rope maker,
Wheeler's point.

Ferriter Jas. rope maker, South st.

Fessenden Benj. wharf Summer st.

Fillis Wm. razor grnider, Milk st.

Fisher William, shop 29 Cornhill.

Fitch John B. merchant, Lynde st.

Fitch Jerusha, Mrs. Southack's ct.

Flinn Mrs. teacher, Rawson's lane.

Fleet Thomas and John, printers and
stationers, 5 Cornhill.

Florence Abr. hair dresser. Fish st.

Folsom John W. printer, Union st.

Fontemoing Margaret, Milk st.

Foot William, cooper. Middle street.

Ford Joseph, shop 65 Cornhill.

Foster Jonathan, blacksmith, shop
Scarlet's M'f h. North School st.

Foster Isaac, blacksmith, Battery-
march street.

Foster Wm. merch, store on Foster's
wharf, house Milk street.

Foster Joseph, merchant, 31 State st.

Foster Thos. powder house keeper.
Winter street.

Foster Joseph, goldsmith, Ann street.

Foster Abraham, glazier, Fisli street.

Foults John, sugar baker. Temple st.

Fovel David, tailor, Middle street.

Fowle Henry, blockmaker, Scarl. wf.

Fowle Jona. coach maker, corner of
Water .st. near Oliver's dock.

Fowle Jos. hairdresser, Newbury st.

Fox Jame.s, baker, Pleasant street.

Fox Rich, hair dres.^er. Purchase st.

Foye Henry, slop shop, Fish street.

Francis Jos. carpenter. Purchase st.

Francis Jos. chair maker, Water st.

Francis Step, hair dresser. State si.

Fredricks Elizabeth, Castle street.

Freeland Jas, retailer, Hancock's wf.

Freeman James, Rev. School street.

Freeman Jere. gent. Hawins st.

Freeman Nath. jr. shop 49 Cornhill.

Freeman Philip, glove m. Union si.

Freeman & Andrews, printers, Slate
St. north side State house.

French Gideon, bricklayer Water st.

French, Abijah, blacksmith. Orange.

Frobisher, Wm, soap boiler. Union st

Frohen Thomas, boat-builder, Ver-
non's wharf.

Frosl Abraham, inn -keeper, Ann st.

Frothingham, AVheeler and Jacobs,
coach makers. West street.

Frothingham Ebenezer, china, glass
ware store, Marshall's lane.

FuUerton John, tailor, Milk street;

P'urnass John, shop Federal street.

Gair Thomas, Rev. Back street.

Gamel John, Williams' court.

Gardette Rachel, boarding. Middle st.

Gardner An. retailer, Hanover st.

Gardner Nath. mercliant, Orange st.

Gardner Joseph, justice, Bennet si.

Gardner Lemuel, cooper, Gardner's
wf Fish street.

Gavet Charles, hair dresser, Devon-
shire street.

Gealy Daniel, shop Leverett's lane.

Geyer Fred. \V. mere. Sunmier st.

Geyer George, AVheeler's point.

Geyer J. J. stone cutter. Orange st.

Gideon Geoi-ge, hair dres&er, corner
of Essex street.

Gilbert Jonathan, farrier, Summer st.

Gill Moses, South Latin School st.

Gleason Joseph, truckman. Back st.

Glyde Sam. Alden's lane, Iwine and
line manufacturer.

Godfrey Thomas, baker, Fish street.

Goddard Elizabeth, mantuamaker,
West street.

Goddard Benjamin, Orange street.

Goffe Samuel, shop 32 Cornhill.

Goldthwait, widow. Middle street.

Goldthwail Martlia, shop IS Cornhill.

Goodale Amos, tailor, Devoiishire st.

Goodno Frederick, leather breeches
maker, Middle street.

Goodwin Ozias, mariner. Charter st.

Gookhi Sam. boarding house. Ship si.

Gordon James, st^re^\^ercha^ts rr.w.

Gordon John, iobucconist, Essex st.

254

BOSTON NOTIONS.

Gore Christopher, office State st, h.
Bovvdoiii square.

Gore Samuel, painters-arms, Court st.

Gore Stephen, currier, Orange street.

Gorham Stephen, merchant, store 34
State St. h. lower end of Milk st.

Gouch Wm. deputy sherift'. Orange

Gould John, barber, Slate street.

Graham James, retailer. Milk street.

Grant Moses, upholsterer, Union st.

Grant Edward, boat builder, Ship st

Grant Mrs. shop State street.

Graves Eben stabler, Exchange lane.

Gray Edward, counsellor.

Gray Wm. merchant, No. 35 State st.

Gray Edward, trader, South street.

Gray Mrs. Hanover street.

Gray Catherine, boarding, State st.

Gray Mary, milliner, Hanover street.

Gray Daniel, mariner, Prince street.

Gray John, merchant, Mhiot's T.

Gray Edward, lawyer, Cold lane,
office Court street.

Gray Benj. merchant, 16 Long wf.

Gray Francis, merchant, 34 Long wf.
house South st.

Gray Joshua, painter. South street.

Gray John, rope maker, Purchase st.

Green Joseph, merchant, 12 Green's
wharf, dwelling house Purchase st.

Green Peter, auctioneer. Market sq.

Green Francis, glazier, Ann street.
Green Thomas, pewterer, Dock sq.
Green Andrew^, pewterer. Temple st.
Green Timothy, shop Ann street.
Green AVm, millwright. Prince st.
Green Nathan, slioe maker, Leve-

rett's lane.
Green John, hair dresser. Brattle sq.
Green Joshua, gentleman. Court st.
Green James, shop Union street.
Green John, tinman, Market sq.
Green John, tailor. Federal street.
Green Edward, gentleman, Court st.
Green «& Cleverly, shop Newbury st.
Green Nathaniel, Register of Deeds,

42 Cornhill.
Greene Benj. merchant. Orange st.
Greenleaf Danl. druggist, 40 Corn.
Greenleaf Thos. druggist, 62 Corn.
Greenleaf Stephen, Esq. Common st.
Greenleaf & Halden, braziers, Fish
Greenleaf Joseph, Esq. justice, ofRce

north side Wing's lane.
Greenleaf William, Esq. Hanover st.
G reenleaf David, shipwright. Saluta-
tion alley.
Greenough Nathaniel, 32 Cornhill.
Greg-ory John, merchant, 54 State st.

Greenwood Isaac, dentist, 19 Marl-
borough street.

Gridley^Rich. blacksmith. Orange st.

Gridley William, Leverett street,

Gridley William, merchant.

Griffith David, goldsmith, 26 New-
bury street.

Griffiths Mr. dancing master, Hano-
ver street.

Grossman Jn. G. tailor, 77 Newbury

Groves Matthew, mariner, Hano'r st.

Grubb Wm, card maker, 31 Union st.

Grabb Thomas, barber. Fish street.

Guild Benj. bookseller, 59 Cornhill.

GuUager Christian, portrait painter,
in Hanover street.

Gummer and Stone, manufacturer of
riets, lines and twine, Barton's pt.

Hagar Wm. G. mathematical instru-
ment maker, near d. bridge, Ami st.
Hall Samuel, printer and bookseller,

55 Cornhill.
Hall Ammi, distiller, Newbury street.
Hall Steph. wharf, Batterymarch st.
Hall Nathaniel, distiller, Hawkins st.
Hall Nath. jr. distiller, Distillhouse sq.
Hall Jona. P. druggist. Fish street
Hall Simon, cabhiet m, Batterymarch
Hall Jacob, distiller. Prince street.
Hancock John, Governor, Beacon st.
Hancock Ebenezer, Marlboro street.
Hancock Eb. mason, near Boston s.
Hamlurey Joseph, tallow chandler,

Fleet street.
Hammatt Benjamin, merchant, Mer-
chants' row.
Harbach John, broker, Marlboro' st.
Harlow Asaph, tailor, Purchase street.
Harris Samuel, mariner^ Fleet street.
Harris Giles, North Latm School st.
Harris Samuel, jr. painter. Back st.
Harris Thomas, innholder. Ship st.
Harris Stephen, baker. Orange street.
Harris John, store, 24 Cornhill.
Hart Zephaniah, shipwright, Charter
Hart Ralph, mast maker. Charter st.
Hart Edward, shipwright, Lynn st.
Haskins Jn. distiller, Rainsford lane.
Haskins John jr. apothecary. Orange
Haslet Wm, wig maker, Adams st.
Plaslett Elizabeth and Martha, raan-
tua makers, 46 Marlborough street.
Hastings Samuel, shop Newbury st^
Hastings Jonathan, post office, 44

Cornhill.
Hatch David, broker, 28 Marlboro St.
Hatch Jabez, wharf, Wheeler's pt.
Hatch Israel, iimholder, Newl)ury st.
Haydon Elkanah, cordwainer, Fish st.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

255

Hawes Wm. coach and chaise maker,
Leveret's lane.

Hawkes Elkanah, school master,
Hanover street.

Hays M. M. office, State street.

Hayt Lewis, auctioneer, State street.

Hay ward Ab. cabinet maker, Ann st.

Hayward Lemuel, physician, New-
bury street.

Haywood Abm. hair dresser, Mer-
chant's row.

Healy Samuel, cooper, Orange street.

Heard Jos. cordwainer, No."l5 New-
bury street.

Henderson Benj. collector. Middle st.

Henderson Jos. high sheriff. Milk st.

Henly John, mason, Nassau street.

HenJy William, ma.son, Newbury st.

Herring Eben. mason, Lynde st.

Hersey "William, bricklayer, Milk st.

Hersey Thomas, carpenter, South st.

Hersey Levi, cordwainer, shop Pur-
hase street, house Atkhison street.

Hews Robt. glue maker. Pleasant st.

Hewes Dan. bricklayer, Purchase st.

Hichborn Benj. Esq. otfice State st.

Hicks Zachariah, saddler, 38 Cornhill.

Higginson Step, merch. 40 Long wf.

Hiler Jacob, carpenter, n. School st.

Hill Wm, ^vheelwright, Nassau st.

Hill Henry, distiller, South street.

Hill Samuel, engraver, 74 Cornhill.

Hill Ed. hair dresser, Marshall's lane.

Hillard James, stabler, Bishop's alley.

Hinkley Eben. farrier, Newbury st.

Hitchbourn Samuel, cooper, Ann st.

Hitchborn Nath'l. boat builder, shop
Hitchborn's wf h. North square.

Hitchborn Robert, cooper, Ann st.

Hitchborn Thos. boat builder, Cross

Hodge & Dobson, coopers, Spear's wf

Hodson Anne, retailer, Fish street.

Holland Jacob, cordwainer, Ann st.

Hollis David, jr. cordwainer. South
Latin School street.

Romans Benjamin, Dorset's alley.

Homans John, physician, 6 Marlboro'

Homer Michael, bricklayer and ma-
son, near Oliver's dock.

Homer Jacob, bricklayer, Oliver st.

Homer Jn. stone cutter. Fish .street.

Homes William, goldsmith, Ann st.

Hoiiies Robert, founder, 33 Union st.

Hood Joseph, Love lane.

Hooton Jn. oar-maker, Hooton?s wf
Fish street.

Horlon Jotham, blacksmith. Ship st.

Houghton Jon. shop 8 Cornhill.

Houghton Benj., carpenter, Essex st.

Houton Jesse, cordwainer and sex-
ton, AVinter street.

Hovey Jos. paper stahier, Marlboro .st

Howard Simeon, Rev. Lynde street.

Howe Joseph, tiii plate worker, Mar-
shall's lane.

Howe Edward, rope maker, Milk st.

Howe Thomas, baker, Middlecot st.

Howe Jn. cabinet maker, Back st.

Hooves Ed. merchant, Federal street.
store Town dock.

Hubbard Daniel, merchant, 9 Spear's
wharf house Common street.

Hunnewell Richard, mason, Essex .st.

Hunt Alexander, retailer, 27 Union st.

Hunt Wells Samuel, grocer, south
side of the Market.

Hunt Sam. teacher, South Latin S. st.

Hunt Abra. wine broker. Middle st.

Hunt & Brown, housewriglits, Han-
cock's wf house head of Center st.

Hurd John, insurance office, State st.

Hussey Jos. merchant, 20 Long wf.

liuichinson Eph. cooper. Prince st.

Huyman Jas. merchant, Fo.ster's wf.

IngersoU Nehemiah, mariner. Fish st.

IngersoU Joseph, boarding, Court st.

IngersoU Daniel, caulker, Purchase st.

IngersoU Dan, jr. joiner. Purchase st.

Imiis John, plumber, glazier, Eliot st.

Insley Frederick, Nassau street.

Ivers Jas, sugarboiler, Distillhouse sq.

Jackson Hen. gentleman. Market sq.

Jackson, John, broker, 76 Cornhill.

Jack.son Jos. gentleman, Market .sq.

Jackson Eliz. mantuamaker. Pond st.

Jackson Johnson, Orange street.

Jackson, Mrs. Middle street.

Jacques' Rich, shoe maker, Fish st.

James Francis, mason. Back street.

James Francis, mason, Cross street.

James Benjamin, retailer, Ship street.

James Enoch, blacksm.ith, at the head
of Governor Hancock's wharf

James Matthew, sextoii, Oliver's dk.

Jarves Jn. cabuict m. 70 Newbury st.

Jarvis Benjamin and Philip, wines
and grocery. State st.

•Tarvis Samuel, sugar house, South !?t.

.Tarvis Mercy, shop Middle sreet.

Jarvis Ann, shop Middle .street.

Jarvis liconard, Comptroller General,
South street.

Jarvis Chs physician, Common st.'

Jeffry Patrick, merchant, Tremont st.

Jenks Samuel and Son, 'blacksmiths,
Gardner's wharf, Ann street.

Jenks John, store No. 39 State street.

Jenkins Jolin, baker. Union street.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

Jenkins Nat. joiner, Purchase st.

Jeniiison Samuel, boarding, Ann st.

Jennings Levi, hatter, 75 Newbury st.

Jennings Wm, wheelwright, Eliot st.

Jennings Benj. blacksmith. Water st.

Jepson Samuel, barber, Temple st.

Jepson Benj. gentleman, Sheaf st.

Jepson William, tailor, Charter st.

Johnston Jn, painter, Water street.

Johnson Eleazer, Capt. Marlbo' st.

Johomiot Mary, shop 31 Newbury st.

Jones John, .sexton, West street.

Jones Thomas K. auct. 22 State st.

Jones Ed. merchant, 23 Long wf.

Jones Edward, stabler. Common st.

Jones John Cothn, merch. Hanover st.

Jones Eliz. mantua maker, "West st.

Jones David, hatter. Fish street.

Joy John, apothecary, 2 Cornhill.

Kast Thomas, physician, Fish street.

Keith Israel, JEsq. Court street.

Kelly And. horse shoer. Orange st.

Kemiedy John, store No. 4() Long.wf.

Kenedy Wm, joiner. Temple st."

Kenney James, wheelwright, Devon-
shire street.

Kent, widow, Center street.

Kettle Joseph, baker. Back street.

Kettle John, baker. Purchase street.

Kimball Jn. singing master, Hanover

King John, boarding Hanover street.

King Charles, sweeper. Middle st.

Kingman Seth, cabinet maker. Fish st.

Knapp Jos. W.I.G. store, Orange st.

KneelandBarlholomew, shop 73 Corn.

Kneeiand John, store Butler's row.

Knight Wm, tallow chandler, Pond st

Knox Thos. branch pilot, Friend st.

Kuhn Polly, mantuamaker, Nassau st.

Kuhn Jacob, messenger to the Gene-
ral Court, Nassau street.

liaflan Rob. tallow chandler, Fish St.

Lamb Jas. & Thos. mere. 29 State st.

Lamb Robert, tanner, Eliot street.j

Lambert John, jr. joiner, Clark st.

Lambert Davis, cooper, Ship st.

Lambert Jn. ship joiner, N. Battery

Lane Levi, sail maker, Gardner's wf.

Lane John M. -hair dresser. State st.

Lane John, merch. 46 Newbury st.

Lane Oliver Willington, school mas-
ter, Stamford street.

Lanman James, baker. Temple street.

Langford Arthur, cooper. Orange st.

Langley George, retailer, Summer st.

Larkin John, chair maker Prince st.

Larkin Benj. book binder and book-
seller. No'. 46 Cornhill.

Larkiji Eben. jr. bookbinder 50 Corn,

liathrop John Rev. North square.

Langier & Minot, merch. 48 State St.

Laughton Joseph, Summer street.

Leach Nath. goldsmith, Kilby street;

Leach John, school Fish st. house
North Latin School street.

Leach Thos. brass founder, Ann St.

Leach Charles, goldsmith, Ann st.

Leach Wm. sa'dler, 9 Marlboro' .st.

Le Locq Peter, store No. 40 State st.

Leavitt Josi. physician, Stamford st.

Letombe, Mons. Consul of France,
Oliver's lane.

Le-\vis Thomas, wharf Fish st.

Lewis Thos. blockmaker. Ship st.

Lewis David, shoe maker, Camb. st.

Lillie Daniel, ship carpenter. Ship st.

Lillie Jn. merchant, near Town dk.

Lillie Dan. ship carpenter. Ship st.

Lilly Jo.seph, tailor. Middle street.

Lincoln Daniel, cordwainer. Fish st.

Lincoln Amos, joiner, Middle st.

Liswell James, tailor. Pond street.
dM^elling house Winter st.

Little Wm. merchant, 46 State st.

Litchman Geo. sailmaker. Prince st.

Lloyd James, physician, Tremont st.

Lobdell Mrs. innholder, State st.

Loring Joseph, turner. Pond street.

Loring Jona. tailor, Fish st. li. Proc-
tor's lane.

Loring, Mrs. innholder, Merch row.

Loring Jn. apothecary, No. 41 Corn-
hill, dwelling house Beacon street.

Loring Joseph, cooper, Foster's wf.

Loring Israel, housewTight, Water st.

Loring Matthew, cordwainer, Dev. st;

Loring Benj. fish packer. Snowhill.

Loring Mary, boarding, Hanover st.

lioring Braddock, joiner, Lynde st,

Loring Caleb, distiller. Back st.

Loring Joseph, jeweller, 3 Union st.

Lord Alexander, laborer, Ship st.

Lord Samuel, shop Ship st.

Lovell James, merchant, Leverett st.

Lovell James, collector, Market sq.

Low, widoMi", Cow lane.

Low Thomas, carpenter. Cold lane.

Low Jon. shoe maker, Middle st.

Lowell John, accountant, Cook's ct.

Lowder Wm. tinman. Orange st.

Lovering John, tallow chandler and
soap boiler, Newbury street.

Lovering Jos. and Sons, candle ma-
kers. No. 49 State street.

Lucas John, Esq. Orange street.

Lush Geo tanner, Nas.sau and Essex.

Lyman Timothy, store Ship street.

Lyde Nathaniel B. Capt. Summer st.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

257

Mackay Alex, grocer. Kilby st.

Mackey Mungo, merch. 30 Long wf.

Mackay Crafts, watchmaker. State st

Mackay Wm. gentleman, Fish st.

Machet John, gentleman, Fish street.

Magner John, smith, Oliver's dock.

Makepiece & Fox, mere. 18 Long wf.

Mallus John, barber, Milk street.

Malcom Sarah, boarding. Ship st.

Maloney Ludowick, sweeper, Atkin-
son street.

Martin John, retailer, Middle st.

Marston Manassah, cooper. Middle st

Marston David, cooper, Marhall's 1.

Marston John, cooper, Doane's wf.

Marsh Caleb, tailor, 10 Union st.

Marett Philip, 88 Newbury street.

Marshall Christopher, tailor, State st.

Marrable Robt. carpenter, Prince st.

Marsters Wm. cooper, Purchase st.

Ma.tin Joseph, shop Fish street.

Mascarenc Mrs. 4G Newbury street

Massone & Garraux, bakers. Middle-
cot street.

Mason & Winslow, merch. 12 Corn.

May Aaron, gentleman, Orange st.

May Moses, shop Orange street.

May Jos. merchant 3 Long wf. house
28 Union street.

May Enoch, housewright, Nassau st.

May Samuel, merchant, Orange st.

May John, merchant. Orange street.

May Wm. stainer, 43 Marlboro' st.

May Jn. & Thos. shop Market sq.

Mayfield Edw. boarding, Pierce's al.

Mayo Simeon, merch. Tremont .st.

Maynard & Cotting, store Orange st.

McClench Jn. card m. 64 Newbury st.

McElroy, tobacconi.sl. Long wharf.

McFadden, Wm. sexton, Hollis st.

McFarland John, Prince street.

Mcintoch & Parmenter, blacksmiths,
South street.

McKean Wm. tobacconist. Hank. wf.

McLeod Alex, shop Back street.

McLane Jn. slater, Newbury street.

McNeil Wm. & Son, rope m. Fort h.

McNeil Robert, merch. 29 Long v/f.
house Atkinson street.

Means Polly, maiituamaker, Pond st.

Melville Thos. nav. officer. Market sq.

Meinzies Wm. carpenter, Ship st.

Mero John, cordwainer, Orange st.

Merrit John, gun smhh, Adams st.
house head of Hancock's wf.

Merry Daniel, shop 21 Ann street.

Merry Jona. grocer, Ann street.

Miller Charles, mer. h. Federal .st.
store Merchants" row.

Miller John, carpenter, Hanover st.

Miller Robert, retailer. Prince st.

Milliquet & Eaton, milliners, Center

Mills Jn. housewright, Newbury st.

Minot Samuel, goldsmith, Ann street.

Minot George R. Spring lane.

Minot Martin Timothy, chair maker,
Rawson's lane.

Minns AVm. pilot, Middle st.

Mitchel Jn. shop 32 Newbury st.

Mitchel John, marhier, Fleet st.

Mock Wm. barber, 28 Newbury st.

Moody Nath'l. G. sail m. Oliver's dk.

Montgomery Jn. m. Woodward's wf.

Moncrietf Jane, boarding. Ami st.

Montague Wm. Rev. Aim street.

Moore Thomas, wharf Fish street.

Moore Thomas, joiner, Hawkins st.

jVIoore Marg. boarding. Orange .st.

More Chs. joiner, Batterymarch st.

More Abigail, Newbury .street.

Morril, Jas. shop 24 Cornhill.

Morril Wm. shop Dock sq. h. South
Latin School st.

Morton Zaccheus, baker, Fish street.

Morse Eliakim, apothecary. Dock sq.

Morey David. Rawson's lane.

Morton Jos. hmholder, Newbury st.

Morton Perez, Esq. State street.

Motley Richard, rigger. Friend st.

Nancrede de P. L G. teacher, Wil-
liam's court.

Nason Bartholomew, boardmg, Cross

Nazro Matthew, clerk, Temple st.

Nazro Mrs mantuamaker. Temple st.

Neat John, housewright. Back st.

Nettleton .John, soap boiler, Newbury

Ne^vell And. mathematical instrument
maker, 61 State st.

Newell & Pitman, joiner, Bennet st.

Newell Timothy, iron monger, shop
7 Dock sq. house Bowdohi sq

Newell Jo.seph, boat builder, Ship st.

Newell Jn. cordwainer, Hanover st.

Newell James, cordwainer, Kilby st.

Ncwhall John, boat b. Scarlet's wf.

Newman Hen. merchant, Longacre.

Nev\'Com Thomas, fisher. Cross st.

Newman Margaret, ncardraw^bridge.

Nichols Adam, joiner, North .square.

Nickles Wm. tailor, 13 State street.

Norcross Neh. tailor, Ann st.

Norcross Uriah, joiner. West Boston.

Nowell Geo. shipwright, Leverett st.

Noyes Nath. apothecary, Market sq.

Nuttage Nath. joiner. Prince 'street.

Nnttage Josiah, joiner, near B. .stone.

Nye Cornelius, boot m. Middle st.

Oiiver Daniel, grocer, Mercliants' r.

258

BOSTON NOTIONS.

O'Donncll Ralph, dig-g-er, Hawkins st
Oliver Edward, tailor, 61 State st,
Oliver Joseph, iniiholder, Lynda st.
Oliver David, maslmaker, Dngget's 1.
Oliver Eben. shop Marlboro- street.
Orr Daniel, .sadler, 18 State street.
Organ Mary, retailer. Middle st.
Osborii Thomas, painter. Prince st.
Osborn .John, painter, Orange st.
Otis Hannah, shop 3-5 Newbury st.
Otis Harrison Gray, Esq. Cambridge

street, office Court street.
Otis Samuel Allyne, Esq. Bow. sq.
Otis Hannah, 33 IMarlboro' st.
Owner John, cooper, old North sq.
Owen Sarah, boarding. Ship street.
Page John, apotliecary. Union st.
Page Benj. cabinet maker, Fisli st.
Page Ths. shipwright. Salutation, al.
Page Wm. ship carpenter. Ship st.
Paine Pierce, tailor, Prince st.
Paine Sam. merch. Rainsford lane.
Paine Robert T. Attorney G-en. Milk
Parke Ptiatthew, store near town dk.
Parke Josiah, painter, Adam's St.
Parker Jn. store Orange st.
Parker Samuel Rev. Pond street.
Parker, widow, retailer. Prince .st.
Parker Thomas, retailer. Middle st.
Parker Isaac, merchant, 1 Long wf.
Parkman Sam. merch. Merchants' r.
Parknian Elias, scrivener, North st.
Parkman Wm. cooper, Salutation al.
Parrot Mrs. boarding, Oliver's dock.
Parmenter Ezra, blacksmith, Eliot st.
Parsons Eb. merch. Parson's wharf,
Partrigde, master of Alms house,

Beacon st. house Summer st.
Parsons Wm. merchant. Parson's w f.

house South st.
Patterson Joseph, joiner. Middle st.
Patterson Jos, joiner, Middle .st.
Patten Thos. blacksmith. Purchase st.
Patridge Robert, rigger, Barrett's wf.

house Church st.
Payson Jos. joiner, Foster?s wharf.
Payne \Vm. oltice 15 State street.
Peabody Nathmi, boarding, Uniou st.
Pearce Green ,boarding, Belknap st.
Pease Tim jr. cooper, near Fort-hill.
Paase Levi, N. Y. stage, Common st.
Pease Tim. fisherman. Federal st.
Peak Ths. retailer, 29 Newbury st.
Peck Elijah, watchm. William's ct
Peck Moses, watchmaker, 63 Corn.
Pecker James, physician, Hanover st.
Pelte Sarah, shop Fish st.
Penniman Wm. jr, mason, Nassau st.
Pennimaii; Wm. bricklayer. Pleasant

Pereut and Dolbee, South st.

Perkhis, widow, South Latin S. St.

Perkins Ths. di.stilliouse, Short st.

Perkhis Jas. merch. store corner of
Market sq. h. Common st.

Perry Jesse, baker. Orange street.

Pepoon James, blacksmith. Sea st.

Pepoon Mary, retailer, Orange st.

Peters Alexander Abercrombie, phy-
sician, 49 Marlboro' st.

Phillips Nath. apothecary, Orange st.

Phillips AVm. Beacon street.

Phillips Sam. painter, Hollis st.

Phillips Wm. jr. merch. Atkinson st.

Phillips James, rope maker.

Pliillips John, joiner. Prince st.

Phillips Margaret, shop 48 Cornhill.

Phillips Wm. store Merchatits' row.

Pico Joshua, cooper Sheaf st.

Pickmau & Sargent, mere. 15 Lg. wf

Pieuiont John, store 51 State street.

Pierce Win. barber, Boston stone.

Pierce Wm. distiller. Harvard st. .

Pierce Ths. mariner, Summer st.

Pierce Mrs. school Brattle sq.

Pierce Erasmus, distiller, Batterj^-
march st.

Pierce Isaac, distiller. Leveret st.

Pierce Joseph, shop near State house

Pierce John, tailor. Milk st.

Pierce Samuel, shop Fleet st.

Pierce Nicholas, bricklayer, Back st.

Pierpont Benj. jeweller, 33 Newbury

Pike Timothy, saw whetter, Lynn st.

Piper IVIoses, rigger. Sheaf st.

Policy Simeon, distiller, Battery-
march St.

Pook Wm. tailor, Fi.sh street.

Pons Thomas, jeweller and gold.smitly
Newbury st. house W~iiiter st.

Pope Jos. watch maker, Newbury st.
house Essex st.

Pope John, schoolmaster, Vincent's 1.

Pope Rob. watchmaker, 34 Newbury

Popkins Ths. whitesmith, near B. st.

Porter Wm. house Pleasant st. distil-
lery hi Orange street.

Porter Jacob, tailor, south side St. h.

Potter Amos, mariner. Fleet st.

Poterie (de la) Claude, priest, Oliver's
lane.

Powell Wm. mere, south L. S. st.

Powell Thomas, rigger. Sea st.

Power Edw. smith. Creek lane.

Prentice James, boarding, Brattle st.

Prentiss Henry, merch. Rowe's wf.
house Hanover st.

Prentiss Appleton. .shop 28 Cornhill.

Pie'ituii John, Wheeler's point. •

BOSTON NOTIONS.

259

PrestonRemember, mer.Wheeler's pt.

Price James, Leverett st.

Price Ez. Notary Pub. William's ct.

Prince Job Capt. Staniford st.

Prince Samuel, tailor, Back st.

Proctor Edward jr. tinman. Fish st.

Proctor John, scrivener, Wing's lane.

Proctor Edw. auct. 1 Union st.

Putnam Jesse, shop 14 Cornhill, house
Hawkins st.

Pulsifer Tho. whale b. cutter. Back st.

Quincy Mrs. Court street.

Raillion Aug. barber, 48 Newbury st.

Ramsdel Silas, shoe maker, Milk st.
corner Bishop's alley.

Ramsdel David, tailor. Prince st.
I Rand Isaac, physician. Middle st.

Rand Jon. housewright, Hawkins st.

Rand Jn. tobacco, Jiear draw bridge.
' Ranger Edmimd, joiner. Purchase st.
I Ray'jas. housewright, Summer st.
' Ray Caleb, joiner,"91 Newbury st.

Raymond Ths. tailor, Kilby st.

Rea Daniel, jr. painter, head Long M'f.

Rea Daniel, tertius, painter, New la.
\ Read Eben. boarding. State st.
I Read Mrs. teacher, Cambridge st.

Read Sampson, Tremont st.

Read Jn. & Ths. wine sellers, State st.

Read Ed. blockmaker, Oliver's dock.

Revere Paul, goldsmith, 50 Cornhill.

Revere Ths. silversmith, Newbury st.

Revere John, tailor, Ann st.
' Reynold Edward, tailor, Kilby st.
, Rhodes Jacob, ship builder, Ship st.
1 Richards Sam. store corner of Ann st.
I house 58 Marlboro' st.

Richards Giles & Go. card manufac-
turers, 2 Hanover st.

Richards Geo. teacher Middle st.

Richardson, JefTery, rope m.Cow lane.

Richardson Benj. mason. Friend st.

Richardson Ths. joiner, Green's lane.

Rich Thankful, boarding, Brattle sq.

Rice Wm. blacksmith, bottom Pond st.

Ridgeway Jas. jeweller. Friend st.

Ridgev/ay Eben. chairmaker. Fish St.

Ridgeway Eben. tailor, Fish st.

Ridgeway James, joiner. Water st.
I Ridgeway Samuel, Middle st.

Robertson Jas. retailer, Middle st.
i Robertson Jas. carpenter. Middle st.

Robertson Elias, builder, Salem st.
I Robertson Mr. shoemaker, Purchase

Robins E. H. State st.

ilobinson John, shipwright, Hull st.

Robinson Robert, tanner, E.ssex st.

Roby Henry, tiimian, Long wf. house
Prince si.

Roberts Bcnj. painter, Pond .si.

Roby Joseph, 17 Union st.

Roby Jos. tinman. Ami st.

Roby Henry, glazier. Fish .st.

Rogers John, cordwainer, I'rince st.

Rogers Thomas, store 67 Cornhill.

Rogers James, mason, Salem st.

Rogers Jn. trader, corner Center and
Ann street.

Rogers AVm. wheelwright, Water .st.

Rogerson Rob. physician, Ship st.

Roulstone Jn. watchmaker IS New-
bury St.

Rowe Anthony, barber, South Latin
School street.

Rowe Jacob, mercJtant, Beacon st.

Ruggles Wm. grocer, 57 Marlboro' st.

Ruggles Sam. Newbury st.

Ruggle.s Rob. mere. 17 Newbury st.

Rumney Edw. mustard grinder, shop
near Market, house Middle st.

Runey, Robert, baker, AVinter st.

Russell Jos. auct. Federal st.

Russell Jos. jr. merch. 46 Long wf.

Russell Benj. printer, State st. house
Leverett 's lane.

Russell Thomas, Esq. merchant, h.
Summer st. Russell's wf.

Russell Ezekiel, printer, 2 Essex st.

Russell & Clap, auctioneers, Court .st.

Rust Enoch, trader. Prince st.

Salisburv Samuel and Stephen, mere.
59 Marlboro' st.

Salter Sarah, innholder. Royal Ex. 1.

Salmon M. boarding, Pierce's alley.

Sander Edward, boarding, Fish st.

Savage Eze. .shop Fish st. h. Fleet st.

Saxton Wm. grocer, 2 Dock square.

ScoUay Wm. apothecary, 6 Cornhill.

Scollay John, Brattle square.

Scott Mrs. Common St.

Scott Joseph, merchant, 6 Dock sq.

Sears David, merch. 47 State st. h.
Beacon gt.

Searl Samuel, tailor, Eliot st.

Selby Wm. musician, Cold lane.

Service & Leishman, sail m. Wood-
ward's wf.

Sever Eben. shop Orange st.

Sever Eben. distiller, Harvard &t. h.
Nassau st.

Seward Thomas, hatter. State st.

Shaw Orcut, blacksmith. Ship st.

Shattuck, AVm. merch. 4 Long wf.

Sliearman James, painter. Middle st.

Shelton Richard, boarding Fish st.

Shed Joseph, retailer. Milk st.

Sherburne Ths. cabinet m. Back st.

Sherburne, Wm. merchant, Back sL

260

BOSTON NOTIONS.

Shoridnn Tlios. bonrdiiig, Fish si.
>i)iimmiu Chs. sr-lidol lo" iMarlboro' st.
.'•'fjutlleworlli J(i!i)i. siicp Hanover st.
yigouraey Elislm. sMrc ] Spear's wf.

house Soutljack".< court.
Sig-oumey Chas. merch. 55 Cornhill.
SigouDiey Peter, founderj Back st.
Sigourney JohnR. shop Prince st.
Silvester Zebulon, barber, Fisli st.
Siinpkins Thos. B. goldsmith, Fish st.
Sirapkins John, shop Cornhill.
Simpson Eben. tailor, Frog lane.
Simpson Henry, mason. Federal st.
Simpson .Tos. cabinf^t m. Exchange 1.
Skiliin John, carver, house Fish st.
Skillin Jolin, s]lip^vright. Salutation al.
Skillings Rich, block maker, Rand's

wharf, Ann st.
Skinner John, powterer, Newbury st.
Sloane Sam. distiller, near green D.
Smallpiece Robert, liarber State st.
Smalledge Jere. boatbuilder, Buttery-
march St.
Smink Peter, musician, Wing's lane.
Smith Wm. merch. store 53 State st.

house Court st.
Smith Oliver, apoth. shop Cornhill,

house Milk st.
Smith Abicl, merchant 6 State st.
Smith Samuel, merch. 21 Long wf.

house Federal st.
Smith Henry, irierch. town dock, h.

Palmer st.
Smith Wm. cordwainer, 9 Union st.
Smith Samuel, constable, Marshall's 1.
Smith Jos. goldsmith, 4S Newbury st.
Snelling Josiah, baker, Salem st.
Snelling Sam. sugar baker. Back st.
Snelling John, sail maker, Minot's T.
Soliier Edward, Newbury st.
Somes Nehemiali, merch. 26 Long wf.
Serin Mrs. retailer. Cow lane.
Southack Jolm, merch. Southack's ct.
Southack Cyprian, baker. Temple st.
Spear David, cooper, Leverett's lane.
Spear Paul, innholder. Purchase st.
Spear Joseph, cooper, Leverett st.
Spooner Wm. physician, Camb. st.
Spriggs Thos. gardner, Hancock st.
Spring Peter, laborer, iPurchase st.
Sprague Jos. painter, 5 Long wf. h.

Orange st.
Stackpole Wm. merchant, 26 State st.
Stafford Samuel, cabinet m. Kilby st.
Stanton John, shop Fish st.
Steel Alex, bookbinder. Back st.
Stevens Benj. tailor, 33 Marlboro' st.
Stevenson Thos. boarding. Ship st.
Siimpson Jn. carpenter, Nassau st.

Stillman Bon. Morgan, crockery store,
10 Market sq.

Stillman Sam. Rev. corner of Salem
and Sheaf sts.

Stodder Jonathan, joiner. Fish st.

Sloddard Thos. boat builder, Lynn St.

Sloddard Hosea, shop Fish st.

Stonehouse Robert, mariner. Fleet st.

Storer Ebon, merch. Sudbury st.

Story Wm. gentleman. Fish st.

Stowel Zacheus, cordwainer, Ann St.

Stowel Thom. carpenter, Foster's wf.

Stow Wm. hatter, 17 Ann st.

Stoughton John, merch. Rawson's I.

Sturges Russell, hatter. Merchants' r.

Stutson Levi, mariner. Temple st.

Sturges Samuel, hatter, Ann st.

Sullivan James, Esq. office Court st.
house Cambridge st.

Sumner Elisha, vidiarf, Wheeler's pt.

Sumner James, house wright, Temple

Sumner Wm. store State st.

Sumner Samuel, carpenter, Back st.

Sutton Hannah, retailer, Common st.

Swan Eben. tailor, Middle st.

Swa.n Henry, boarding, near Mill br,

Swarbeck Edw. merch. 11 Long wf.

Sweetser Jos. retailer. Prince st.

Sweetser John, gentleman. Ship st.

Sweetser Jn. jr. store 80 Newbury st.

Swift Elijah, shipwright, Hench-
man's lane.

Swift Elijah, jr. shipwright, liynn st.

Swift Henry, shipwright, Hull st.

Symmes John, auct. Market square.

Symmes Wm. tailor, Ann st.

Taft & Stevenson, store 31 Long wf.

Tailor John, mariner, Fish st.

Tant Wm. Eastern Coffee house, 30
State St.

Tate James, barber, Purchase st.

Tate Wm. store Fish street.

T.aylor, John, shop Long wf. house
Purchase st.

Templeman Jn.bro. opp. N. E. cor. of
State H. dentist, South Lat. Sch. st.

Thacher Peter, Rev. Court st.

Thatcher Elisha, board, near T. dk.

Thayer Ziphion, uphol.sterer, 4 Corn.

Tliayer Moses, tailor, Pond st.

Thayer Ephr. wheelwright. Orange

Thayer Obadiah, jr. Orange st.

Thayer N. & F. shop 9 Cornhill.

Thayer Cornelius, gentleman. Court.

Thomas Gershom, joiner. Back st.

Thomas Isaiah & Co. printers and
booksellers, 45 Newbury st.

Thomas Elias, sailmaker. Fish st.

Thompson Vv'm. Charter street.

BOSTON MOTIONS.

2(J1

Thompson James, collector, Essex st. ,
Thompson Benj. gentleman, Orange
Thompson Thomas, store Prince st.
Thorean & Phillips, store 45 Long \vf.
Thwing James, baker. Water st.
Ticknor Elisha, school. Pleasant st.
Tidmash, Nath'l. joiner, Fish st.
Tidd Jacob, distiller, Distillhouse sq.
Tidd Mrs. retailer, Middle st.
Tilden Jos. Capt. Milk st.
Tilden Dav. merchant, Batterymarch
Tileston Thos. joiner, Purchase st.
Tileston John, Flounder alley.
Tileston John, school, Prince st.
Tillit Ann, gentlewoman, Prince st.
Tisdale James, merch. Merchants' r.
Todd Saml, housewright, Cold lane.
Todd Wm. johier, Pitts lane.
Torrey Sam. store 5 Dock sq.
Townsend Isaac, watch maker, Corn.
Townsend Judith, shop Middle st.
Townsend Sam. blockmaker, Prince
Townsend AndrcAV, jr. joiner, Middle
Townsend David, physician, South-

ac's court.
Townsend Shippie, block maker,

Cross St. shop Barrett's wf.
Townsend Dav. watch m. II State st.
Townshend And. joiner, Friend st.
Trask David, truckman, Nassau 3t.
Trench John, joiner, Essex st.
Trench O. Beale, boat builder. Ship.
Treeman .lohn, shipwright. Ship st.
Truman Wm. caulker. Prince st.
Truman Thomas, caulker, liynde st.
Tucker James, blacksmith, School st.
Tucker & Smith, pump m. Long wf.
Tuckerman Edward, baker. Orange
Tuckerman Isaac, innholder. Common
Tuckerman Elias, painter. North st.
Tuckerman John, baker, Eliot st.
Tudor John, Fish st.
Tudor Wm. house and ofRce Court st.
Tut'ts John, innholder, Wing's lane.
Turell, widow, house Brattle sq.
Turell Sam. watch maker. State st.
Tutlle Turrell, mason, Cross st.
Tyler Edward, Capt. Middle st.
Tyler David, goldsmith, 15 Cornhill.
Tyler Thomas, store Orange st.
Underwood Jn. carpenter, JMiddle st.
Uran Thomas, ship joiner, Milk st.
Uran Joseph, ship joiner, Ann st.
Vaughan Sam. cooper, Dagget's lane.
Venere Ede, sexton, Wheeler's pt.
"Vernon Stephen, Hanover st.
Vernum Mr. carpenter, Middle st.
Vernon Mrs. retailer, Kilby st.
Viall Jn. coachman, near mill bridge.

Vila James. Grape tavern, Stiite ?t.
Viual John, shop I Marlboro' st.
Vincent Ambrose, guager, Vincent al.
Vincent Benj. store 46Marlboro" st.
Vinall John, school West st. house

next Gov. Hancock's.
Vose Josiah, truckman, Back st.
Vose Isaac, cabinet maker. Orange st .
Vose Spencer, Newbury st.
Vose AVm. wharf Batterymarch st.
Wade Simeon, joiner, Pierce's alley.
AVaine Benj. tailor, Anu st.
Wainwright Peter, merch. 14 Mer-
chants' row.
Wakefield Benj. painter. Milk st.
Wakefield James, paimer. Milk st.
"Wakefield Mary, retailer. Middle st.
Walcutt, widow, school, Purchase st.
Walcutt Benj. baker. Purchase st.
Waldo, widow. Court st.
Waldo John, shop Newbury st.
Wales Nath. wharf Orange st.
Walley Thos. Esq. merch. Fed. st.
AValker Eze. mason, Dagget's lane.
Walker Spencer, tailor. Court st.
Wallock Moses A. gentleman. Essex
Wallis Sam. store north side town dk.
Ward Jos. land office State st. house

South Latin Scliool st.
Warren Jn. physician, South L. S. st.
Warner Daniel, labourer,^ Slieafst.
Waters Josiah distiller, Essex st. h.

Newbviry st;
Waters Eben. chair maker. Orange st.
Watts Ebenezer, tailor, Hanover st.
Weare John, town crier, Eliot st.
Weare .John, jr. carpenter, Eliot st.
AVebb Banmbus, store Ann st.
AVebb Sam. bookbinder, Orange st.
AA^ebber & Pa.a;e. ship car. Oliver's dk.
AA''ebster Redford, druggist, Aim st.
AA^elsh Thos. physician," Sudbuiyst.
AVelsh John, iron monger. Union st.
AVelch Hezckiah, shipwright, Pitts' 1.
AA^elch Jonas, miller, Prince st.
AVelch Jos. cord^vainer, Newbury st.
AA'elch AVm. sliop 41 State st.
AA^'eld Jona. store Fish st.
AA^eld Edward, shop Fish st.
AVells Ths. vintner, Ann st.
AVehs Arnold, jr. shop 19 Cornhill.
AA^ells Eben. sail maker, Moor's wf.

house Cold lane.
AA^ells Tho. wine bro. Old S. Church

cellar.
AA^'eldman, blacksmith, Kilby st.
AVendell Isaac, wheelw. AA''ing's lane.
AVendell Oliver, Oliver's lane.
AA^entworth Abr. shop Marshall's 1.

262

BOSTON NOTIONS.

West & Barton, merch. 25 Long wf.
VVest Samuel, Rev. Nassau st.
West Uav. bookbinder, 36 Marlboro'
WhuU Wm. smith; Kilby st.
Wheeler Jonathan, Soutli st.
Wheeler Mary, mantuamaker, West.
Wheeler Nath"l tailor, Orange .st.
Wheeler Josiah, housewright.
Wlieeler Benj. shop 60 Newbury st.
Wheeler Jas. chaise maker, Eliot .st.
"\Vlieelwright Jn. merch. Doan's wf.
Wheelwright Job, cooper, Oliver's

dock, house Atkinson st.
Whelen James, lemon dealer, Ann st.
White Wm. well digger. Essex st.
White John, Scarlet's wharf lane
White Benj. joiner, Bennet st.
White "Wm. jr. tobacconist, Kilby st.
White Sam. truckman. Cross st.
White Joseph, printer. Prince st.
White Eben. tailor. Fish st.
White James, cordwainer, Fish st.
White Anne, mantuamaker, Middle.
White Eben. joiner. Winter st.
White Wm. merchant, Merchant's r.
White .lames, bookseller, Court st.
White Isaac, tallow chandler, 43 State
AVhite Calvin, stabler, 37 Marlboro'
Whitman Edward, retailer. Prince st.
Whitman Thomas, caulker, Prhicest.
Whitmarsh Nehemiah, wharfinger,

house Eliot st. wharf, south end.
Whittemore Jos. cooper, Purchase St.
AVhittington Wm. Fish lane.
Whipple Jos. physician, Orange st.
AVhipple Wm. barber, 33 Marlboro' st.
Whitney Samuel, constable, Pitts' la.
Whitwell Mrs. boarding. Brattle sq.
Whitwell, Sam. cor of Union and Ann.
Wild Eben. & Dan. shop Merchants r.
Wild Samuel, W.I.G. near town dk.
Wild Elisha, tailor, near Market, h.

Cold lane.

Wild Abra. & Co. store town dock.

Wilder John, tailor, Orange st.

Williams Wm. mathematical instru-
ment maker. Long wf h. Quaker 1.

Williams Rob. jr. merch. 35 Longwf.

Williams Jacob, merchant. Federal .st

Williams Sam. merchant, 12 Longwf.

Williams Jer. merch. near Faneuil h.

Williams Jona. merchant, Ann st.

Williams Chs. collector. Sudbury st.

AVilliams Jas. cordwainer. North sq.

Williams AVilliam, hatter, Ann st.

AVilliams Robert, shop Oliver's dk.

Williams Foster, Jn. Leverett's lane.

Williston D. mariner. Middle st.

Willis Charles, sail m. Hancock's wf.
house head of Parson's wf

Wingate Paine, clock maker, New-
bury St.

Windship Amog. physician, Hanover.

"Winship & Bradlee. store Market sq.

Winslow Isaac, merch. Sudbury st.

Winslow Mrs. shop Ann st.

Winthrop Jn. merch. Cambridge st.

Winnet Jn. accountant, Bowdoin sq.

Winter Stephen, carpenter. Back st.

Winnek John, saddler, 8 State st.

Wise John, tailor. New Boston.

Witherle Joshua & Co. copppersmiths
h. Washington st. shop Kilby st.

Wiswall Oliver, joiner, Hawkins st.

Woart Jn.sign of green dragon, Union

Woods Wm. baker, Water st.

Woodman Abigail, tailoress, Creek 1,

Woodward AVarham, store 26 New-
bury St.

AVoodward Ebenezer, cooper, Wood-
ward's wf.

AVyer Mrs. Milk st.

AVyman Wm. leather dresser, Orange

Wyre Robert, distiller, Fish st, disltll-
house, Orange st.

^r^

BOSTON MOTIONS. 203

GOVERNOR THOMAS HUTCHINSON.

WITH A PORTRAIT.

An excellent engraved head of Gov. Hutchinson is here
presented, not so much from a great regard for his ser-
vices during the revolutionary struggle as on account of the
short time in which this work has been prepared for publi-
cation, and the entire impracticability of obtaining in sea-
son, true portraits of the eminent patriots, Bostonians will
ever be pleased to honor : viz. Samuel Adams, John Han-
cock, James Otis, John Adams and Thomas Gushing ; but
should this edition of the work meet with a favorable recep-
tion, and life and health permit, those patriots shall have the
honored remembrance they deserve; but for the present, the
best that could be had for the time, is here presented.

The engraving of Hutchinson had been done for a differ-
ent purpose, yet as he is ever referred to and appealed to
as a correct historian of our State, during the first century
and a quarter of its existence, by responsible writers of the
past and present age, it must honorably take the place of
one hoped for, better subject.

Thomas Hutchinson was a native of Boston, and a grad-
uate of Harvard University in 1727. His abilities would not
reach the highest test, yet by exact temperance and indefat-
igable industry, united to a discretion which can accommo-
date itself to circumstances, he rose to the highest offices of
profit and of honor. Though bred a merchant, he acquired
a knowledge of the common law of England and was con-
versant with the principles of the British Constitution ; he
succeeded Mr. Sewall as chief Justice of Massachusetts in
1761, and was Lieut. Governor from 1758 to 1770; at the
same time he held the above offices, lie had those of coun-
sellor and Judge of Probate for the county of Suffolk : — pay-
ing a profound respect to the religious tenets of that da}-, and
di.T.playhig a conciliatory condescension to all clasL-es of cit-

264 BOSTON NOTIONS.

izens, he acquired an iincommon share of public confi-
dence : yet there were those, who knew the secret springs
by which he was actuated, and when he favored the British
writs of assistance which Otis (page 116) opposed with great
force of argument, his popularity began to wane ; and when
the British stamps arrived, a mob assaulted his house (page
119) and destroyed his property ■ and from that date he was
mistrusted by his countrymen : he became Governor of the
Province by Kingly appointment in 1769, and early in that
year Commander in Chief: he then unmasked his predilec-
tion for the crown of England, and informed the Legislature
th^t his Majesty had made provision for his support without
their aid : on which they immediately called upon him to
refuse the unconstitutional stipend and to accept a salary as
should be awarded to him by the assembly ; but he replied
that that would be a breach of his instructions from the
King : the commands of his Sovereign, was his ever ready
apology for every arbitrary step or movement.

In one of his letters to England, he observed, '' five or six
ra.en of war and three or four regiments disturb nobody but
some of our grave people, who do not love assemblies and
concerts, and cannot bear the noise of drums on a Sunday.''
He also said that he slept with more tranquillity after the
arrival of the British troops : in the year 1772, a number of
his letters were obtained by Dr. Franklin and sent to Boston,
which disclosed his secret enmity to his country's rights : in
one of them he wrote •' there must be an abridgment of
English liberties in colonial administration : " on detecting
this evidence of his treachery, the General Court passed
some severe resolves, voting an impeachment, &c. but Hutch-
inson obtaining early information of what was transpiring
dissolved the Assembly instanter : he sailed for England
June 1, 1774, and soon experienced the neglect and con-
tempt of the Lords, for whose advantage he had sacrificed

BOSTON NOTIONS. 265

his reputation for integrity and honor ; and becoming an ob-
ject of disgust with all parties — like Arnold ; — he lived some
few years m a state of chagrin and despondence, and died at
Brampton, in June, 1780, at the age of 69 years.

A tomb once owned by him, the entrance to it being cov-
ered with a stone horizontal slate, on which his family arms
(the same beneath his miniature,) are chiselled in bas relief,
is now in Copp's Hill Cemetery ; near the centre dividing
wall of the place ; about 30 feet from the front on Snow-
hill street ; situated between the tombs of Greenwood and
Jonathan Mountfort : the name of Hutchinson has disap-
peared and that of Thomas Lewis, has a place over the Hut-
chinson family arms ; which is composed of a shield with a
lion rampant; 11 Croslets, surmounted with a heraldrio
Cockatrice sejant ; with antique coronet.

MAJOR PITCAIRN.
AN INCIDENT OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR.

This British major was a gentleman of polished and con-
ciliatory manners, and although he came to Boston to keep
the good people here in order, and to reduce their refractory
and independent notions to an obedience to the wishes and
commands of a Sovereign, he attained to a good share of
celebrity among the people and also to a good share of their
hospitalities : but at the battle of Bunker Hill, he being one
of the first to mount the breastwork, received a bullet which
sent him backwards into the arms of his son : he was con-
veyed immediately across the ferry in a boat to Boston, and
taken into a house near the ferry-way by a Mr. Stoddard,
boat-builder, where he bled to death in a short time : his
body was entombed under the North Church, but without
any inscription plate to designate the body.

Dr. , was senior warden of the Church in 1788,

and as such, had the care of the cemetery beneath Christ

266 BOSTON NOTIONS.

Clmrcli : many Brilish officers were deposited there : some
who died beneath the power of disease and some from the
casualties of battle : among the latter was that of Major
Pitcairn of the Royal Marines : his widow resided in Lon-
don : his brother was physician to the King and his son was
physician to the Prince of Wales : the Warden visited Lon-
don, was introduced to one of those gentlemen and oflered
to superintend a removal of the remains of the major to Lon-
don, if it would afford any satisfaction to the friends of the
deceased : this produced him a notice from Lady Pitcairn
and of particular attention and kind ofhces from the rest of
the family : when the warden returned to Boston he directed
the Sexton to take out the coffin with the remains of IMajor
Pitcairn, and had them cased with an addition box and let-
tered " An Organ,*' and shipped it for England : when the
body was taken from the vault, there was a blistering plas-
ter on the top of its head which indicated that it could not
be the body of the Major, and a certain gentleman removed
the plaster, and the box was delivered into the hands of the
pitcairn family in London : a Lieut. Shea, belonging to the
Majors' Regiment was a large portly man, very much the
size and shape of IMajor Pitcairn, and he died of an inflam-
mation of the brain, for vrhich the aforesaid plaster was
applied ; but the sexton had oiien showed these remains to
gratify the curiosity of individual friendship, as those of the
Major; for the sexton was an unprincipled, low fellow. —
A few months after this event, Capt. Edw. Davis handed an
elegant gold watch to the church warden, as a present from
a lady who chose to be unknown ; but without doubt it was
from Lady Pitcairn : the warden again visited London and
as a mark of respect to the family, called upon that lady ;
while there, he took out the watch to observe the time of
day, when she desired to see it ; and taking off from her
ownj a beautiful seal; she desired his acceptance of it as a

BOSTOK NOTIONS. 267

token of gratitude for his kindness and attention. It is not
supposed that the Warden suspected that a wrong coffin had
been transmitted, but there is no doubt that the sexton did,
and committed the vile act for the gratification of his gen-
eral bad propensities, or to save some little trouble in finding
the right one — The motto on the seal, was in French, " Je
blesse en secret,^ ^ which the warden said, he supposed was
taken from Virgil.

ANOTHER INCIDENT.

Lieut. Dutton belonging to one of the British Regiments,
was a finished gentleman of liberal education and resided in
a house in Bennet Street, where the Methodist church now
Btands : he was in the Battle of Bunker Hill, and immedi-
ately after that important contest, wrote a note to his wife,
stating that they had fought a hard battle, but that he had
escaped unharmed ; which intelligence she received with
great joy — but while he was partaking of refreshments with
a portion of associate officers ; in the act of drinking a glass
of wine, a ball passed through his head and killed him on
the spot ; furnishing one of the strongest evidences, that in
the midst of life we are in death, and that the boast of
health, of strength and of safety, is altogether futile and
useless in life's chequered path.

CENSUS TABLES OF BOSTON.

There is no printed account of the number of all persons
in Boston prior to 1722 ; — Estimates were made on some sup-
posed hypothesis, but which is never so truthful and satis-
factory as a mathematical enumeration made of the individ-
ual population : — in 1638 the town is stated to have had not
more &an 20 to 30 houses, with a '^ village"-like appear-

268 BOSTON NOTIONS.

ance in good earnest : but lliat statement must be short of
the actual numbei-j and the indelinite range of from 20 to 30
is on too loose a " notion" to place a flrm reliance on : — in
1648 tliey required a second church, and it was built in the
north Square: — in 1669, an additional church was required
from the increase of the people and that was the Old South.

Bonner's map of Boston, published in 1722, and which
has been re-engraved for this work, represents 42 streets :
36 lanes : 22 Alleys : near 3000 houses • 1000 of brick, the
residue of wood: and nearly 12,000 people: In 1735, the
population was estimated at 16,000 : — The town was first
divided into wards in 1736 : — in 1742 a census was taken
and the result gave 16,382 persons, with 1719 houses : 166
Warehouses: — 1374 colored persons: — 418 horses and 141
cows: — In 1752, the census gave 14,190 white persons; —
1541 of colored and about 980 slaves: — in 1765 a census
gave 1676 houses; — 2069 families; and 15,520 persons:
7622 white females and 7050 white males; — 811 colored
persons and 37 Indians.

The war of the Revolution reduced the number so much,
that in 1776, there were but 2719 white persons in Boston :
— in 1777, the number of males of 16 years and upwards,
was 2863 ; including 11 Quakers; 7 belonging to the Cas-
tle; 188 colored: — 36 in Charlestown, Falmouth, and New-
port; 200 at sea and 545 in the army ; leaving only 1878 as
being then in the town. In 1783, the population began to
increase: the houses in 1784 numbered 2178: — in 1789
they numbered 2235: in 1791 their number was 2390: —
in 1794, there were 2493 houses : — not so many as was
stated to have been in the town, 70 years previous by Bonner's
map and table : — the method of computing the inhabitants
has been, by multiplying the number of houses by 8, as the
proportioned number of in-d\vellers, and for the year 1794,
that gave 19^944 persons : — the census of late years has been

BOSTON NOTIONS, 269

taken by individual inspection of every building and that
may be depended on as nearly correct :

Bui who ever thinks a perfect list to see, •

Thinks what ne'er was, nor is, and ne'er will be.

The census of 1810, by direction of the U. S. Government
gave 33,787 inhabitants; in 1820, it gave 43,298; the City
census of 1825, gave 58,277 : — the national census of 1830
gave 61,392: the city census of 1835 gave 78,603 inhabi-
tants : the national census of 1840 gave 93,383; and the City
census of 1845 gave 114,366 inhabitants: and 12,026 houses.

REMINISCENCE.

When I was a youngster, the older people would often dwell on the great
discoveries and inventions made during the previous years, and thej- reason-
ed on the paucity of room for any improvement or discovery to be produ-
ced by the future generations of men; and when the Solar system was thought
completed by the Asteriods, Juno, Pallas, Ceres and Vesta ; they shouted that
all things were then completed, and but little else left for the future races,
than a simple enjoyment of wliat A^■as then before them ; and yet. on a retro-
spection of the past half century, how almost everythiiig has changed its lea-
tures; the addition of the science of Chemistry opened avast and splendid
field of useful iuformation : — the application of .^Steam, as a propelling power
on Rail-roads or the Ocean, and in all the ramifications of Machinery ; how-
changed the travelling; when at that time, a fortnight would be consumed in
reaching Piiiladelphiy. and now but 24 hours : then three months in crossing
the Atlantic ocean, and now eleven days : — Lithographic and Perkhis' Steel
Die Engraving and Stereotyping ; with the Daguerreotype method of trans-
mitting a perfect likeness on a plate of metal, in half a minute: — the Ad-
ams' power press for printing book Avork, which being propelled by steam,
with an occasional superintendence of one man and with the attention of
one girl will print 6 times as many sheets in a day and much better done than
by the previous process witli two men, and some of the penny newspapers are
printed at the rate of 4 or 6000 per hour: — the Ruggles' press which prints
20,000 Handbills and Placards in a day, and Orcutt's beautiful Card press that
will print 1.500 cards per hour, in a "much superior style to any previously
known method : — Morse's Telegraphic wonder, which conveys information
hundreds aiid thousands of miles in a second of time, and be received at the
"West, some minutes before the exact period of ihe time of its transmission, on
account of the ditference of time hi the two places : — Geology untblding
wonders in the natural world : The deaf, dumb and blind instructed, and
their mind opened to the beauties and truths of creation, and to hold converse
with mankind, by a writing machine, similar to a Piano Forte, by which they
are enabled lo write 85 well shaped letters in a miiiute : — The light of Gas
which must be ranked as a great and useful scientihc production, ^with in-
numerable other secondary achievements : — then, who can say, that the
whole is yet half told, or that the next 50 years may not add as much more
to the comforts and pleasures of the human race.

270

BOSTON NOTIONS.

CITIZENS OF BOSTON IN 1695.
A List of the Taxable Inhabitants of Boston for the year 1695, copied from

the Town's Book of Possessions of that date.

• It seems rather a singular fact, that but one in the list has a given midiUe
name in the whole number of 1317 names.

Abandana Raphael.
Ackernian Richard.
Adams .lohn.
Adams Roger.
Adams David.
Adams Jonathan.
Adams Joseph.
Adams Abraham.
Adams Jolm. jr.
Adams William.
Adams John, sen.
Addington Isaac.
Adkins Thomas.
Adlia Elisha.
Alcock John.
Alden John.
A Idea Nathaniel.
Alden William.
Alestoa Joseph.
Alexander Joseph.
Alford Benjamin.
Alger John.
Allen John.
Allen Henery.
Allen Silenia.
Allen Joseph.
Allen Bozoun.
Allen Jeremiah.
Allen Jeremiah.
Allen John.
Allen, widow.
Amy Josepli.
Andrews James.
Appleton Jose.
Archer Robert.
Ardell William.
Armstrong Mathew.
Arnold Barachial.
Arnold Joseph.
Arnold William.
Arnold John,
Ashley Edward.
Aspinwall Samuel.
Atlierton Humphrey.
Athenson Theoder.
Atwood John.
Aughletree Allen.
Avery, wido\v.
Avigmon David.
Avis Damuel.
Bahbage James.

Badcock George.
Badger Stephen.
Bagwork Benjamin.
Ballsion Thomas.
Baker Thomas.
Baker Josiah.
Baker Nathaniel.
Baker John.
Baker Tliomas.
Baker Thomas.
Ballantine John.
Ballard Jarvis.
Ballard Daniel.
Ballston Nathaniel.
Balston John.
Balston Jonathan, sen.
Balston Jonathan, jr.
Balston John.
Banister Thomas.
Bant Gilbert.
Bankes James.
Barber Jolm.
Barber Peter.
Barbut William.
Bargier Phillip.
Barnes James.
Barnesdell William.
Barret Samuel.
Barrow Thaddeus.
Barrel! John.
Barry John.
Bartles Edward.
Barton James.
Bas Phillip.
Bashoon John.
Basset Peter.
Basset David.
Bayly John.
Beales Joliru
Beard George.
Beard John.
Bearstow George.
Beete Thomas.
Beers Edward.
Beet Edward.
Belcher Andrew.
Belcher Jonathan.
Belcher Jeremiah.
Belclier John.
Belknap Joseph.
Bellinghaui. widow.

Benjar Robert.
Benmore John.
Bennet Elisha.
Bennet Henry.
Bennet John.
Bernard John*
Bernard Thomas.
Bernard Richard.
Bernoon Gabriell.
Berry Oliver.
Berry Ambrose.
Berry Thomas.
Berry James.
Bickner SamueJ.
Bill Joseph.
Bill Jonathan.
Bill James.
Bill Samuel.
Billings William.
Billings Joseph.
Billion Stephen.
Bisco Daniel.
Biscon Isaac.
Bishop John.
Blabber Robert.
Blackleach Benjtamin,
Blackman Rebecca.
Blake Nathaniel.
Newcome.

Blish Abraham.
Blore John.
Boatswain Wm.
Boilston Edward.
Boh John.
Bon Nicholas.

Bond

Barker John.
Boon Sanniel.
Bordon John.
Bordeman William.
Boreland John.
Bossinger Thomas.
Bourn John.
Bowry James.
Bowden Jolm.
Bowden Phillip.
Bowden Peter.
Boyles Josiah.
Bradtbrd Moses.
Brattle f^dward.
Brattle Tlionms.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

271

Bream Benjamin.
Brcdon Briant.
Breutoa Japhael.
Bridge Samuel.
J^riclgham Joseph.
Bridges, widow%
Briggs, widow.
Briggs John.
Briggs William,
Brightman Henry.
Brinsdon Robert.
Brisco Joseph.
Brislow Daniel.
Brock Francis.
Bromfield Edward.
Brooks Richards.
Brown Robert.
Brown William.
Brown Edmund.
Brown Edward.
Brown John.
Brown Richard.
Brown Thomas.
Brown Abraham.
Bryant William.
Bucauan John
Buckit Francis.
Buckly Richard.
Buckly Richard.
Buckmaster Joseph.
Bud Edward.
Bugfield Nathaniel.
Bull John.
Bull John.
Bulman Alexander.
Buruell Samuel.
Burrage Wiliam.
Burrell Samuel.
Biirrell George, jr.
Burrington Thomas.
Burroughs William.
Burroughs Francis.
Butcher Robert.
Butlar John.
Butler Peter.
Butler William.
Butler Steplien.
Buitolph Nicliolas.
Button Mary, widow.
Button, widow.
■Cable G-eorge.
Callender, widow.
Callender Elias.
Calt Robert.
Campbell Duncan.
Campbell John,
jandish John,
^".arlisle John.
Carter Ralph.

Carter Thomas.
Carthen John.
Cary Mat hew.
Gary John.
Center John.
Chafin Ebenezer.
Chafin Colet.
Chamberlain Job.
Chamberlain Abraham.
Chamberlain Joseph.
Chamden Edward.
Chamlet Henry.
Chamlet William.
Champit John.
Checkly, widow.
Checkly Samuel.
Checkly Samuel.
Checkley Anthony.
Cheever, widow.
Cheever Richard.
Cliild John.
Child Thomas.
Child Joshua.
Chough William.
Chough John.

Christophers .

Christopher Richard.
Clap AVilliam.
Clark Jonas.
Clark Samuel.
Clark Samuel.
Clark John.
Clark Thomas.
Clark Samuel.
Clark Timothy.
Clark George, sen.
Clark George, jr.
Clark AVilliam.
Clarke Percival.
Clay Stephen.
Clay Jonas.
Clay Stephen.
Clements William.
Clesby Ezekiel.
Clesby John.
Clough Ebenezer.
C lough John.
Clough Samuel.
Coates Thomas.

Cob , sen.

Cob Richard, jr.
Cockroft Jonathan.
Cocke Nicholas.
Colbet John.
Cole William.
Cole Gilbert.
Cole Henry.
Cole John.
Cole John.

VV

Coleman Wm.
Coleman John.
Collins Daniel.
Collins Mathew.
Colmer John.
Colmer William.
Combes John,
Comby Robert.
Comey John.
Cook Thomas.
Cook John.
Cook John.
Cook Elisha.
Cooper Thomas.
Cop William.
Cop David.
Cop David, sen.
Cop David, jr.
Cop Samuel,
Coram Thomas.
Cornish James.
Cornish John.
Cornish Thomas.
Cornish Joshua.
Corwin Margaret.
Colta John, sen.
Cotta John jr.
Courser, widow.
Cowell Joseph sen.
Cowell, Sarah, widow,
Co\\'ell Hannah.
Craford Mung.
Cranmer, widow.
Creek Edward.
Crees Thomas.
Crisp Richard.
Christophus Abraham.
Critchfield Richard.
Critchfield William.
Critchfield, William.
Cros Stephen*
Cros William.
Croutch David.
Cruft' Edward.
Crow William.
Cuuniball John.
Cuunibar John.
Cunningham Andrew.
Cunningham Timothy.
Curtis John.
Gushing Jeremiah.
Cnsjiing Thomas.
Cutler John.
Daniel Simon.
Darby Eleazur.
Davenport John.
Davis Jacob.
Davis William.

272

BOSTON NOTIONS.

Davis Robert.
Davis Bejijamin.
Davis Thomas.
Davis Thomas.
Davis Sarah, widow.
Davis, widow.
Davis Sylvany.
Davis Joseph.
Daws Ambrose.
Dawsoii Henry.
Day OS .Joseph.
Dean .Joseph.
Deeriiig Henry.
Delarock Pliillip.
Delavan Mathew.
Deivy Richard.
Demerit Charles.
Deu Obadiali.
Den Natlioiuel.
Dennis VVMlliam.
Deshamp Moses.
De vol ion Edward.
Devotion John.
Deusberry William.
Diekersou Henry.
Dickerson Obadiali.
Diii'jbv John.

Dinsdall .

Dinsdall Adam.
Doare John.
Dolbear T^>dmnnd.
Dolberry. widow.
Dorrell John.
Dorret Jolm.
Dowding Joseph.
Dower Sampson.
Down Thomas.
Dovv'ning James.
Downing Daniel.
Do\vty Thomas.
Draper John.
Draper Ilicliard.
Drinker Edv,-ard.
Drisco Lawrence.
Drown Leonard.
Druce John.
Drue PJrasmus.

Dryar .

Dumer Jeremiah.
Dunbar Peter.
Durant Ddward.
Durrara Samuel.
Dwiglit Setli.
Dyar .lolm.
Dyar Benjamin.
Dyar John.
Dvar Samuel.
Dvar Gyles.
Eail Robert.

Earl Samuel.
Earl Roger.
Earle John.
Edmonds Robert.
Edmonds Dobert.
JMlwards David.
JOghar John.
Eglinton Edward.
Elasson Jonathan.
Eldridge Joseph.
Ellin I)aniel.
Elliot Joseph.
Ellis John.
Ellis Robert, .Jr.
FOMis E<hvard.
!-:i!is(-t John.
.'-llli-Jioii George.
i;u- Martha.
i;iv Richard.
!-:m^'s Henry.
l';i!!c-- Benjamin.

Emmons Benj. sen.
I^^mmons Benj. jr.
Emmons 01)adiali.
■•bi'iicnt William.
lliHirnIt John.
iMc-li-h .lames.

ii;i~:iiis John.
!v.i-iis, William, sen.
ibisiis William, jr
Ciistis William David.
i>.;iiis Jonathan.
!'A-. rden William.
lOvoret Jonathan.
];\'orton William.
Eyer John.
J^jyer John, Exy.
Eyer .John, jr.
Eyres Thomas.
Fairwealher John.
Fairwcther. M'iilow.
Fnr Gypsnn.
Farnuin .ionathan.
Farnum David.
Farnum John, sen.
Farnum John, jr.
Farlnnd Duncan,
l^'arris .fames.
1^'ennol Phillip.
Ferry Henry.
Fielii Thomas.
T^'igge John.
Fisher William.
Fisidock Gabriell.
Fitch Thomas.
Fitch Benjamin.

Flood Richard.
1^'lood Joseph.
Flood James,
Flood John, sen.
Flood Hugh.
Flood Jolm, jr.
Fonnell Benj. .^
Foiinel John.
I'armlside Jacob.
F'ost^r Hopeshill.
Fosdick John.
Foster John, Esq.
Fowl James.
Fox Capt.
Fox Thomas.
F(jxcrott Francis,
T^'ranklin Henry.
FrankUn Josiah.
J^^ranks Root.
Frary Theophilus.
French Stephen.
Frizole John.
I'^rost, widow.
Frothingham William-
Fry .John.
Fuller Joseph.
Fullerton Meander.
I'yfield Gyles.
Fyfield Richard.
Gale Ichabod.
Gallant .John.
(Tallop Joini.
Gallop Benjamin,
Gammon Robert.
(Jardner Thomas.
Gardner Joseph.
(Jardner .foshua.
Gardner Samuel.
Garnock Duncan,
Garret John.
Gee Joshua.
Gent Thomas.
George John.
Gibboud William.
(ii!)bonds William.
(iibbs Robert,
(jibbs Henry.
Gilbert Thomas.
Gill Obadiah.
Gill William.
Gillam Benjamin.
Gliddon Joseph.
Glass James.
Glover Robert.
Glover John.
Goddard Gyles.
(Toff.fohn.

Goft' Edward. ^

Goli' Christopher,

Gold Thomas.

Gold Tlioinas.

Goodall Thomas.

Goodwill John.

Goodwin James.

Goose Isaac.

Goslvell Samuel.

I Gouge James.

Gouge Edward.

Gouge Baldwin.

Gourding, Abraham, sen

Gourding Abraham, jr.

Gourding Lot.

Gowd Jolm.

Gram Joseph.

Grant James.

Graford Thomas.

GranlJiam Martlia.
j Green Bartholomew.
I Green Bartholomew.
I Green James.
' Green Nathaniel.

Green John.
1^ Greenhill Anthony.
[ Greeideaf Enoch.

Greenleaf John.

Greenougli John.
' Greenwood Samuel, sen,

Greenwood Samuel, jr.

Gretian Anthony.
I Grey James.
r Grey Samuel.

Grey John.

Gridley Richard.

Grilnn Rebekah.

Griggs William.

Grinian Regnall.

Groon John.

Gross, widow.

Grotian Thomas.

Gull William.

Gultridge Robert

Gwin Thomas.

Gwin David.

Gwin John, jr. '

Gj'pson William.

Gypson Jeremiah.

Haberfield William.

Hackett, widow.

Hall Nathaniel.

Hall Arthur.

Hall William.

Hall Ephraim.

Hall Thomas.

Hallet George.

Hallum Isaac.

Halsay Nathaniel.

Halsey Nathatiiel.

Halwull Jacob.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

Hambleton Guslavus.
Hammond Lawrence.
Hamson Abraham.
Hanjiah William.
Ilarbuckle George.
Harris David.
Harris, \vido\v.
Harris Thomas.
Harris William.
Harris Benjamin.
Harris Richard.
Harris James.
Harris Robert.
Harris Daniel.
Harris Timothy.
Harrison Erasmus.
Harwood Thomas.
Hasey Joseph.
Plasey William.
Hatch Nathaniel,
[laiherly Thomas, sen.
llatherly Thomas, jr.
Hawkins, widow.
Hawkins, widow.
Hawkins James.
Ilayden Ebenezer.
Hayden William.
Hay Thomas.
Heath Elias.
Henchman Nathaniel.
Henderson John.
Henly Torrence.
Henly, widow.
Hermon Samuel.
Herridge, widow.
Hewes Jolni, jr.
Hewes Joshua.
Hewet Hercules.
Hill James.
Hill Tliomas, jr.
Hill Joseph.
Hill AV^illiam.
Hill John.
Hill Henry.
Ilillar Joseph.
Hiskot John.
Hitehborn Thomas.
Hobby John.
Hobby William.
Ilodgdon John.
Holbrook Elizur.
Holland Nathaniel.
Holland Samuel.
Ilolloway William.
Holmer Samuel.
Holmes Nathaniel.
Holmes Joseph.
Holmes Joseph, Jr.
Holmes Francis.

273

Holoway Benjamin.
Holowell WiUiam.
Holt Richard.
Honowell Greenhill.
HonoAvell Richard.
Honowell Stephen.
Honowell Ambrose.
Hood Samuel.
Hopkins Nicholas.
Ilorbuckle George.
Horton John.
Hough WjLiam.
Howard Robert,
Howard James.
Hubbard Rich.
Hul)bard John.
Hudson Francis.
Hughs William.
Hunt Thomas.
Hunt Thomas.
Hunt, widow.
Hunloch John.
Hutchinson Eliakim.
Hutchinson Elisha.
Ingoldsby Jolm.
Ingram Henry.
Ingram Job.
Ireland William.
Ireland John.
Jackline Samuel.
Jackson Benjamin.
Jackson Thomas.
Jackson Joseph.
Jackson Samuel.
Jacobs, widow.
Jales, widow.
Jarvis John.
Jarvis Nathaniel.

Jarvis .

Jarvis James.
Jefibrds Aaron.
Jeffreys David.
Jenkins John.
Jeimers David.
Jew Samuel.
Jewell Nathaniel.
Joyleff John, Esq.
J(^hnson Thomas.
Johnson Zachariah.
Jolmson David.
Johnson Samuel.
Johnson Nathaniel.
Johnson John.
Jones Mathew.
.lones Isaac,
.lones Isaac.
Jopson John.
Jepson AVilliam.
Jepson Thomas.

274

BOSTON NOTIONS.

Jud Roger.
Keaii Deborah.
Kemble Timothy.
Kemble Timothy.
Kilby Christopher.
Kilby John, sen.
Kilby John, jr.
Kilcuss Roger.
Kilcuss Ralph.
Killie John.
Kind, widow.
King Samuel.
Kneeland John.
Kneeland Solomon.
Kneeland Solomon.
Knight Richard.
Knot Andrew.
Koates Richard.
Kodseh John.
Kolland Thomas.
Kootle Nathaniel.
Kolton John.

Koonier .

Koon William.
Lucky William.
Lad Robert.
Lake Lancelot.
Lamb Thomas.

Lampree. .

Lane Joshua.
Langdon John.
Langdon Phillip.
Langdon David.
Lanson John.
Larenby Thomas.
Laselles Capt.
Lash, widow.
Lash, Robert.
Lavis Wm.
Lawrence Peter.
Leach Peter.
Leach John.
Lebbond James.
Lee John.
Legaree Francis.
Lemone John.
Levenworth John.
Lillie Samuel.
Linkhorn Thomas.
Littlepage Thomas
Lobden Joseph.
Loring Daniel.
Loring Isaac.
Louden John.
Love John.
Loverin John.
liOwden Richard,
Lowell Joseph.
Lowell Ebenezer.

Lowis John.
Loy Samuel.
Loyd Edward.
Loyden Robert.
liUscomb Ebenezer.
Lux Richard.
Lynde Samuel.
Mackarsa Thaddeus.
Mackarsa Thaddeus.
Mackarsa Florence.
Macquidick Archibald .
Man, widow.
Man Henry.
Man Wiliium,
Man Ilaimah.
Man, MadoAV.
Manly William.
Manning, ■widow.
Mariner Andrew.
Mariner Joseph.
Marion Isaac.
Marion John.
Marion Samuel.
Marit)n John, Jr.
Marsh Joseph.
Marsh John.
Marshall James.
Marshall Joseph.
Marshall Francis.
Marshall John.
Marshall Peter.
Marshall Thomas,
Marshall Samuel.
Martin Edward.
Martin Thomas.
Martin Thomas.
Mason Arthur.
Mason Robert.
Mason David.
Mason Arthur.
Mason John.
Mason Jacob.
Mason, widow.
Mathews, widow.
Mattock Samuel, sen.
Mattock Samuel, Jr.
Maugredy Robert.
Maverick Paul.
Maverick Elias, sen.
MacoUie James.
Maxwell Robert.
Maxwell John.
Maxwell James.
Mead Nicholas.
Medcalf.
Melens Thomas.
Melyen Jacob.

Merit .

Messenger Simeon.

Messenger Thomaa.
Mico John.
Middlecott Richard.

Miles .

Miles Richard.
Miles Nathaniel.
Miles Henry.
Miller Paul.
Miller Alexander.
Mills Edward.
Mills John.
Miiiot Stephen.
Milchel Thomas.
Moars James.
Mohm Joseph.
Molton Wm.
Monk C hristopher.
Monk George.
Montier James,
Moor Lydia.
Moor, widow.
Moor Robert.
Moody Eleazar.
Morcer Thomas.
More Sampson.
Morean Dorman.
Moris Richard.
Morris John.
Moss Francis.
Moss Elizabeth.
Mortimer Edward.
Mary Daniel.
Mountlbrt, widow.
Mountfort John.
Mountfort Edmund.
JMountfort Wm.
Mounttort Henry.
Mountfort Benjamin.
Mouutjoy George.
Mulberry John,
Mulligan John.
Murrell Amos.
Hash John.
Nash Joseph.
Nash Timothy.
Nedham John.
Nedham Ezekiel.
Newell George.
Newhall Nathaniel..
Nicols John.
Nocks Francis.
Nogus Jabash.
Nokas Robert.
Nolson John.
Norcross Samuel.
Norton David.
Norton George.
Nowby George.

Nou'gaw Nathaniel.
Nowhall Capt.
Nowsoii Thomas.
Noyes Sarah.
Nuiliiis Tliomas.
Oakes Thomas.
Oakman Ricliard.
Obisou Wm.
Odall Reg-iiall.
Oliver Jolin.
Oliver Natham'el
Oliver Daniel.
Okuin llichard.
Orris John.
Ox()nhrici.<Te, widow.
Oxford, widow.
Paig Nicholas.
Pain William.
Pain AVilliam.
Pain ^^aninel.
Pain Richard.
Pain Ricliard
Pain William.
Paliray \^"illiam.
Palmar Steplien.
Palmer Thomas.
Palmer John.
Parmeter John.
Parker John.
Parker Thomas.
Parker John.
Parker John.
Parkman Nathaniel.
Parkraan William.
Parmeter Ebenezer.
Parnell Francis.
Parrot Peter.
Parrum Joseph.
Parsons Humphrey.
Parsons William.
Parsons Joseph.
Pasco John.
Pashee John.
Pausland.
Peacock Joshua.
Peacock Richard.
Pearce, widow.
Pearse Samuel.
Pearse William.
Pears Richard.
Pears Joim.
Pears Robert.
Peaser Nathaniel.
Pecke Thomas.
Peg-gy Edward.
Peirce Joseph.
Pell John.
Pemberton, widow.
] L'inbcrton Benjamin.

BOSTON NOTIONS,

Pemberton James.
Pembrock Elkauah.
Perkin Henry.
Perkins, \\idow.
Perkins Thomas.
Perrin Hugh.
Perry Michael.
Perry Seth.
Philips William.
Pliillips Samuel.
Phillips Thomas.
Pliillips, widow.
I'hillips' Jesse.
Phillips William.
Phillips Samuel.
Phillips Edward.
Phippeiiy Daniel.
JMiips Solomon.
Pierson, widow.
Pin John.
Pittaii John.
Pitts James.
Pitts John.
Pitts John.
Plaisted John, sen.
Plaisted John, jr.
Plats Thomas.
Plummer Samuel.
Pocke John.
Pollard Jonathan.
Pollard Anna.
Pollard David.
Pool John.
Pool Samuel.
Porter Edward.
Porter Wiilianij jr.
Potter John.
Potwiii John.
Powell Thomas.
Powning, widow.
Prauklin Thomas.
Pratt .fohn.
Pratt Thomas.
Price Joycliff,
Price Robert.
Price Eben. jr.
Priest Richard.
Prince Joseph.
Prince, wido^v.
Prince Thomas.

Prindle .

Prociour Richard.
Proctour Edward.
Prout Joseph.
Prout Timothy.
Puddhigton fjlias.
PnJdington Elias.
P alien John.
Puiiirec Edwnrd.

275

Purdue Nathaniel.
Pursby Gerard.
Put Henry.
Rahier .James.
Rainer Joseph,
iiainsford, w idow.
Rainstbrd John.
Rainsford Ralph.
Rainlbrd Ralph,
liaison George.
Randal] Wilhara.
Randall James.
Randall William.
Kankiu Andrew.
Ransdrop James.
Ravvliiigs Benjamin.
11 ay Caleb.
Reynolds Nathaniel.
Ridgell William.
Richards John.
Richards Anna.
Ricliards Humphrey.
Richardson Richard.
Hick John.
Ridgell William.
Rilee John.

Risee .

Roberts Joseph.
Robers Charles.
Roberts John.
Roberts John.
Robes James.
Robinson George.
Robinson John.
Robinson Joseph.
Robinson David.
Roby Wm.
Rogers Joseph.
Rogers Gamali.
Rogers John.
Rood Obadiah.
Rous William
Row] John.
Ruck Samuel.
Ruck William.
Rucke Jolin, jr.
Russell Samuel.
Russell Joseph.
Russell Joseph.
Ryall Joseph.
RyaU John.
Salisbury Nicliolas.
Salisbury John.
Salter Eneas.
Salter Eneas, jr.
Salter Samuel.
Salter Jabash.
Samuel Daniel.
Sanders Robert,

276

BOSTON NOTIONS.

Sanderson, widow.
Sanderson Robert.
Sandy Windsor.

Sarson .

Savage Thomas.
Savag-e Thomas, maj.
Savage Thomas.
Scale John.
Scelly John.
Scot Joseph.
Seers Robert.
Seers Alexander.
Selhnan John.
Sergeant Stephen,
Sergeant Peter, Esq.
Seward James.
Seward James.
Sewall Samuel, Esq.
Shabboel Peter.
Shaddock Samuel.
Shaddock John.
Shallor Michael.
Shannon Nathaniel.
Shaporee Wm.
Sharp Henry.
Shedbeard Moses.
Shelstone Robert.
Shepard Ralph.
Sheridan Peter.
Sherrin Richard.

Shesten .

Shesten .

Shine Jolm.
Shoar Sampson.
Shoat liawson.
Shoot Richard.
Shoot Michael.
Shopcot Thomas.
Shorrin Richard.
Shrimpson Samuel.
Shrimpson Epaphras.
Shute W.
Silly John.
Simkins Thomas.
Simmons John.
Simpkins Pilgrim.
Simson Savel.
Simson Joseph.
Simson Alexander.
Simson John.
Sley Christopher.
Small, widow.
Smith Francis.
Smith Briant.
Smith Samuel.
Smith John.
Smith Thomas.
Smith John.
Smith Mathias.

Smith Robert, jr.
Smith John.
Smith John.
Smith Arthur.
Smith Jacob.
Smith James.
Smith Abraham.
Smith Seth.
Smithson Capt.
Sneliing Benjamin.
Snelling John.
Snelliug Joseph.
SnoU William.
Somes John.
Soper Joseph.
Southwork Cyprian.
Souther John.
Sparry Nicholas.
Spencer John,
Spry Ilenry.
Stack William.
Stand bury Thomas,
Star Elizur.
Starkee Robert.
Statsen James.
Statson ,James,

Stephens .

Stedman Thomas.
Stedman Nathaniel.
Stepliens Thomas.
Stevens Elizabeth.
Stocker Joseph.
Stoddard Anthony.
Stoddard Simeon.
Stoddard Samson.
Stoddard, widow.
Stone Josiah.
Stool Thomas.
Story Thomas.
Stoughton Nicholas.
Storey Rowland.
Storer John.
Strattou Wm.
Sugars Gregory.
Summers Fdward.
Simderland John.
Sultou Bartholomew.
SuV1o)i Wm.
Sweiman Samuel.
Switcher Joseph.
Tally Ricliard.
Tay Isaiah.
Tay Jeremiah.
Taylor Christopher.
Taylor James.
Taylor Edward.
Tedman AVm.
Temple John.
Tonny John.

Thaxter Benjamin.
Thomas George.
Thomas Edward.
Thorn Samuel.
Thomp.son Daniel.
Thornmg Anthony.
Thornbury James.
Thornton Thomas.
Thornton Tmiothy.
Throonedle Bartholo,
Thrasher Francis-
Thwing Jolm.
Thwing John.
Tilly Wm.
Tilly Samuel.
Tippet Nicholas.
Tozey Jonathan.
Tout Richard, jr.
Tout Benjamhi.
Towas Wm.
Townsend Thomas.
Townsend Thomas.
Townsend Penn.
Townsend Samuel.
Townsend Peter, sen.
Townsend Peter, Jr.
Townsend Joseph.
Townsend James.
Travis Daniel,
Tron John.
Trot Bernard.
Trueworthy James.
Tuttle Jonathan.
Tuttle Elisha.
Tuttle Edward.
Tuttle John.
Tuckerman John.
Tuckerman John.
Tucker John.
Turbory George.
Turell Samuel.
Turell Daniel.
Turell, widow,
Turell Sarah.
Turner AVm.
Turner Mathew.
Tyler Thomas.
Updeck James.
Usher John.
Vale Christopher.
Varhee Peter.
Vaughn David.
Veatch Andrew.
Veering Thomas.
Veering John.
Viall John.
Vicars John.
Vicars .Joseph.
^^^adsworth Joseph,

BOSTON NOTIONS.

277

Wait John,
Wakefield Obadiah.
Wait Return.
Wadswortli Joseph.
W^ait John.
Wait John.
Wait Return.
Wakefield Obadiah.
Wakefield John, sen.
Wakefield John jr.
Waker Andre\v.
Waldo Jonathan.
AValdo John.
Waldo Cnrneliu.5.
Walker Thomas.
Walker Thomas, sen.
Walker Thomas, jr.
Walker Benjamin.
Walker John.
Walker, widow.
Walker Samuel.
Wallace AVm.
"Wallace Thomas.
Wally John, sen.
Wally John jr.
Wally John, maj.
Walsby David.
Wanson Edward.
Ward Samuel.
Ward Peter.
Warren, widow.
Wasundunck, widow.
Water John.
Waters, ^vidow.
Watkius John.

Watsworth Timothy.
Way Ricliard.
Way Aaron.
Web Joseph.
Web .Jo.seph.
Web William.
"Web Benjamin.
Webster Sarah.
Webster James.
Welch John.
Welsied Wm.
AVenchcomb John.
Wentworth Samuel.
West Joseph.
Wharton Martha.
Wheeler Thomas.
Wheeler Joseph.
Wheeler Wra.
Wheeler Wm.
Whitcomb Elizabeth.

Whitehorn .

White Richard.
White, widow.
Wliite Samuel.
White Joseph.
White Lawrence.
White Benjamin.
Whitman Francis.

Wiar .

Wilkins Richard.
Willard Daniel.
Williams John.
AA illiains John.
AVilliams Robert.
Williams Thomas.

Williams Jame.?.
Williams Richard.
"Williams Nathaniel.
Williams Benjamin.
Williams Joseph.
W^iliet Andrew.
Willis Michael.
Willis Edward.
Wilson John.
Wilson Wm.
Wilson Andrew.
Winchester John.
Winchester Josiah.
AVinslow John.
Whislow Edward.
Windsor Thomas.
AA'indsor Joshua.
AVinthrop Adam.
AViiithrop Wait, Esq.
Wiuthrop Doan.
AA'inthrop Jesse.
AA'^iswall John.
Wodlin Amos.
AA-'olsted AA'm.
Wonsley, widow.
AVood James.
AVoodward Samuel.
Woodward Josiah.
Woodward Thomas.
Woodward George.
AA^'ookes Ebenezer.
A\^ockman Samuel.
AA^orsell Edward.
Worth James.
Worthysake Benjamin.

UNITED STATES HOTEL AT THE AVESTERN R. R. DEPOT.

This capacious edifice wan being erected in 1837, 8 and 9,
and opened by its present lessees, Messrs. Holman and Clark,
in 1840 : it fronts on Kingston street 246 feet : — on Beach
street 167 feet : — on Lincoln street 242 feet : it is the largest
public house in this country : at first it contained 300 rooms :
an addition Avas made to it in 1844, comprising 50 rooms,
north on Kingston street : — this section contains a large or-
dinary for ladies and gentlemen accompanying them, and is
expressly adapted for their accommodation and convenience.

In 1846 another addition of 50 rooms was made on Lincoln
street : — in all, upwards of 400 rooms.

278 BOSTON NOTIONS.

The whole establishment is arranged to promote the great-
est comfort to the traveller and sojourner, visiting the city :
a steam engine in the cellar supplies the whole establish-
m.ent with pure soft water from living fountains, brought in
iron pipes from Roxbury : there are six distinct flights of
stairs from the basement to the attic, and as many different
entrances from the streets, and the whole is well ventilated.

There are numerous Bathing Rooms, supplied with every
convenience for warm, cold, fresh or salt water bathing,
shower baths, &c. in the court yard, a fountain of water is al-
ways gushing forth its volume with a beautiful spray.

UNITED STATES HOTEL.

The Dining room for single gentlemen, will comfortably
seat 400 persons in arm chairs ; and the tables are sumptu-
ously loaded with every luxury of the season, of meats, fowls,
fish, fruits and vegetables : the chambers are supplied with
every convenience for sweet and invigorating rest : — The
Stable is well supplied with carriages and horses for use at a
m.oment's notice : 150 servants are here employed, with a
Barber, Carpenter, Painter, &c. &c.

Its proximity to the Worcester and Western Rail Road
depot, with the superior accommodations afforded, make it a
favorite stopping place with all travellers in that direction.

The cut here introduced is a good miniature representation
of this mammoth edifice

BOSTON NOTIONS. 279

SOUTH BOSTON.

Dorcliester Point, comprising about 600 acres of good land,
and on which in 1800, there were not three houses, was an-
nexed to Boston in 1804 as an integral part of the City : — in
1776 the heights and hills on its eastern part afforded the
American army under Washington, a chance to rout the
10,000 British forces under Lord Howe, and drive them out
from Boston ; which chance was successfully improved : and
as the young child had caused so great a good to the parent
stock, it was kindly taken into the great family with a free
parental adoption ; that section of the city numbers now
about 12,000 inhabitants with about 1400 Buildings : mostly
occupied by the owners thereof; they have large man-
ufactories in various branches of useful articles of merchan-
dize and machine work, and are progressing rapidly in all
that enriches society in the useful arts.

The present dividing line by water between South Boston
and Old Boston, was formed by a chartered company for that
purpose in 1796 : it was then flats, over which shipping craft
could pass at high tide to Roxbury ; it was dug and cleared
out by that company for a ships' channel ; in the course of
time, the tide washed away the land on each side, to its pres-
ent large opening : if it may have been a work of public
utility to have opened it at that date, it would be much greater
one at this time to close it entirely, and form a bee-line of
solid land from Liverpool wharf to the city land at south
Boston ; and open a ship channel through the fiats and bogs
on a south-and-west line, south of South Boston, into the south
end and Roxbury cove : the land thereby formed would be
more valuable for building-lots than for wharves, and the
gain from tide-water, form extensive landed estates where
now wharves and water space are the only value.

The map accompanying this work, presents that section in
its correct position.

280 BOSTON NOTIONS.

PUBLIC LECTURES.

A large number of our literary gentlemen, whose lives
have been devoted to the study of the sciences, and whose
vast storehouse for knowledge has been filled by the accu-
mulating mass for years, have many winters past appeared
on a public platform and spread their information broad-cast
among the people : — the composition of any one of their
public lectures has been the result of great research for its
treasures, and in an hour's time, an audience of some 2 to 3000
persons are enlightened with the precious results of years of
study and long training in the subject matter under consid-
eration.

There are a number of societies wdio hold a course of Lec-
tures on the Sciences during the long winter evenings, and
so constant is their recurrence that few evenings pass by,
without the display of one or more of these corruscations
from some enlightened mind ; and although it may be as
brilliant and as vivid as the finest display of the Pyrotechnic
art, it is more valuable, lasting and serviceable.

The Lowell Lectures are founded on the munificence
of the late John Lowell, Jr. who bequeathed the princely
sum of $245,000, the interest of which to be used for their
support throughout all time, from October to April ; to com-
prise three courses of Lectures in each season, of 12 lectures
each : the greatest talents are here in request for enriching
the public mind, and whoever will put their name down for
the privilege of attending any course. Mill generally draw a
free ticket of admission to a course of 12 lectures.

A past President of the United States, Presidents of Uni-
versities, Professors, Judges and other eminent members of
the community have come forward and taken part in the
noble work of spreading their fund of knowledge before the
people, and as we bear in mind the leading thoughts of one
from the Hon. John Quincy Adams, " the old man eloquent,"
a record of its leading points may be acceptable.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 281

The subject he chose for an evening lecture at the Chapel
in Warren st. about the year 1841, was that of Infidelity / he
took his text from profane history ; — the faith of the Emperor
Alexander, when lying on a supposed death bed : a Dr.
Francis appeared before him, offering to restore him to
health if he could have faith in taking a medicine which
would rack his frame with distress and pain for three days,
but that on the fourth day his recovery would commence
and health and strength would return to him : this Dr. Fran-
cis being a stranger to the Emperor, it might have been ex-
pected that he would reject the offer, but he decided on
having the desired faith and directed Francis to go and pre-
I pare the cup : at the time he left the Emperor's chamber a
, page came in and handed to him a letter from a particular
j friend, which charged him to beware of Dr. Francis ; that
he was treacherous and only sought an opportunity to poison
' and destroy, and not to save his life : just as he had finished
' reading the letter, the Doctor appeared at the bedside with
j the cup : the Emperor received it, — at the same time passed
J the letter into the hands of Francis; which while he was
reading, the Emperor drank off the full contents of the cup ;
the strongest evidence of faith, said the orator, in sacred or
profane history.

He then surveyed and remarked on the principles of
religion in France when Jean Jaques Rosseau held the
reigns of public opinion on that subject, and whose private
life was passed in noted opposition to the common principles
of morality : he then adverted to the religion of England
where the principles of our holy religion was in the sole
keeping of what her uncle called, a good girl ; and this
good girl could change and alter the 39 articles of that faith
as seemed to her to be requisite or convenient : after glanc-
ing at the various standards over the globe for religious
points of principle and their effects and action on the people,

282 BOSTON NOTIONS.

the venerable and gifted orator declared that he felt it alduty
to raise his voice against the infidelity that was spreading its
debasing effects over the land and with impassioned earn-
estness impressed on the mind of his auditors the necessity
of an humble feeling of confession and repentance for the sins
of omission and commission, and to make their peace with
their heavenly father. The Emperor Alexander recovered
as Francis predicted. The miniature likeness of Mr. Adan-
here presented is uncommonly good and correct for one of
its size, and it has been used by him, on being applied to
for his autograph, by sending a card with the miniature and
autograph printed on it.

BUNKER HILL MONUMENT.

Few circumstances have called forth more enthusiasm
among all classes of the people than the visit of General La
Fayette to Boston, August 25lh, 1824, and again on the 17th
of June to assist in laying the corner stone of Bunker (Breed's)
Hill monument : a cavalcade of 800 citizens from Boston
w^ith a corps of Dragoons and battalion of Infantry escorted
him from Roxbury : at the City line the Hon. Josiah Quincy
(Mayor) received him with a friendly salutation and an ad-
dress ; which the warm-hearted General responded to
in generous expressions of attachment to the ^'Illustrious
City of Boston : '' — on entering the Common, the great pro-
cession passed between two rows of the youths of Boston in
their best aitire, the whole extent of the Common to the State
House ; where he was received with the honors due from
the executive of the State : LaFayette, LaFayette, w^as on
every tongue and glowed on every cheek, and the whole
mass seemed to have arrayed themselves in all their glory
and beauty to give honor to the young patriot of France, who
left honors and palaces behind, for his devotion to the cause
of American liberty in the revolutionary struggle of 1774, 5

BOSTON NOTIONS,

283

and 6, for our achieving a victory for the enjoyment of in-
I dependence from Kingly rule and taxation.

GEN. LA FAYETTE.

The General was beset with every demonstration of love,
joy and gratitude, and he seemed to feel the happiness of
his youthful adventures and glory, as fresh as in the days
when he was aid-de-camp to Washington executing the or-
ders of the -'First in War. first in Peace, and first in die
X

284 BOSTON NOTIONS. I

hearts of his countrymen."' — The engagements of LaFayelte '
did not permit him to extend this visit beyond a ,3W days,
and he returned on June 17th, and joined in a military and
civic procession, composed of forty survivors, who did their
part well in the Battle the monument was to perpetuate :
200 other revolutionary heroes ; hundreds of contributors to
the grand design : 2000 of the masonic order with their dec-
orations ; with most of the uniformed citizen-soldiers from
far and near: The front of the procession reached the
bridge, just as the end left the common ; passing through
eight streets : when they all reached the battle ground, they
were formed in squares around it ; and the corner stone was
duly laid in its time honored spot by LaFayette and others ;
salutes from the Artillery there, and on Copp's Hill, joined
with the glad shouts from 50,000 voices which rang through
the welkin in good earnest : the procession then moved to
an amphitheatrical area, where the most extensive prepara-
tions were made for hearing the address from the President
of the '^ Blt^'ker Hill Monument Association " (Hon. Danl,
Webster:) upwards of 1000 ladies had collected from all
parts of our union ; and the appropriateness and beauty of the
address could only be equalled by the great intellectual
powers of the orator himself: that part of it alluding to the
services of the honorable guest and the fher patriots of 177 6,
found a deep response of satisfaction and pleasure iiom
every mind. I

Accompanying this notice is a Miniature of Mr. Webster.

The monument was being built for seventeen years, owing
to untoward circumstances ; but with the Ladies' fair at Fan-
euil Hall in 1840, the sum of $44,000 was raised with the
aid of a few munificient contributions, and the work then
went gloriously and prosperous on to a completion ; and the
capwas placed on July 23d., 1842,— the base of the monu-
ment is 30 feet square : 15 feet square at the top : 90 courses

BOSTON NOTIONS. 285

of granite blocks clamped together with thick fxat bars of
iron completed the structure :— the centre of the pyramid is
a hollow cone, 4 feet 2 inches diameter at the top : surround-
ed with 295 stone steps, which afford a first-rate and effect-
ual cure to dyspeptics to ascend its lofty eminence, and
there get a sparse peep at the surrounding country, through
four little square holes ; and for which remedy, the charge
is only 12 1-2 cents; 20,000 people yearly avail themselves
of its advantages ;— to be serious— the space below the cap of
the Monument of four feet, should be all opened and strong-
ly barred with iron, with clear thick plate glass windows to
be raised at pleasure, and then a view of the surrounding
scenery and country could be enjoyed, and more persons
could partake of that pleasure at one time ; consequently
with more profit to the concern.

The annexed plate engraving of the Monument is a good
proportioned Miniature, but extending only to the inner iron
railing around it : the railing outside that, is too remote to be
embraced in such a view ; as it would reduce proportiona-
bly, the size and elevation of the pyramid.

THEATRES.

Federal Street Theatre, was built in 1793 : Strenu-
ous opposition had always been made to all public exhibi-
tions of this nature and severe laws enacted with heavy pen-
alties : in 1775 the British amused themselves in Faneuil
Hall with Theatricals performed by themselves, but from
that time to 1789, when a project for a Theatre was started
in the papers, they were unsafe to proceed with it openly :
an unsuccessful effort was made in 1792 for their repeal and
plays were performed under the title of Moral Lectures in
a new Exhibition Amphitheatre shanty in Broad Alley

286 BOSTON KOTIOKS,

(Hawley street;) a major part of the citizens signed a peti-
tion for a repeal of the laws " as unconstitutional^ inexpedi-
ent and absurd," and the patronage at the exhibition room
being extensive, the plan for erecting a suitable brick build-
ing for Theatrical purposes was easily carried into execution:
the spacious edifice at the corner of Franklin and Federal
streets, 140 feet in length, 61 feet wide and 40 high, was
opened for a first performance on Feb. 3d., 1794, under the
management of Mr. Charles 9. Powell : a misunderstanding-
taking place between Mr. P. and the proprietors, Col. J. S.
Tyler took his place, but not succeeding well, Mr. John B.
Willian].son assumed the office : the friends of Mr. Powell
then mustered funds for building the large Haymarket The-
atre at the bottom of the Mall, on the spot now occupied by
the three buildings next south of Colonnade Row, of wood,
of the largest size and most convenient construction; which
was opened Dec. 9th, 1796, with the Belle's Stratagem, in
which Mr. James A. Dickson made his first appearance, as a
performer ; the entertainment closed with a pantomime by
a French " Corps du Ballet." It was here Mrs. Darhj made
her debut as Narcissa, in Inkle and Yarico.

The Haymarket Theatre was discontinued after a few sea-
sons, and it being an immense pile of pine lumber, over-
topping the neighboring estates, was staved to pieces a few
years afterwards and sold for fuel : no other similar establish-
ment was opened till the Washington Garden at the corner
of West and Common streets, in connexion with the Feder *
street concern, catering for the amusement of the public ;
but this in a short time passed into other hands and became
a rival to the theatre, when this in its turn was razeed and
cleared off for house lots.

1797, Mr. Williams having failed as Manager, it was then
taken by Messrs. Barrett k Harper; on Feb. 2d., 1798, the
inside of the Theatre was destroyed by fire which com

BOSTON NOTIONS. 287

menced in one of the dressins: rooms : — Oct. 29th, 1798, it
being repaired, was opened under the management of Mr.
HoDGKiNsoN : April 29th, 1799, Mr. H. failed in the Federal
street concern and opened the Haymarket Theatre, and this
season was the last of Mr. H's. performing in Boston. — Oct.
1799, The Federal street was opened under the management
of Mr. G. L. Barrett, and failed before its usual time for clo-
sing : — Oct. 27th, 1800, It opened under the management of
Mr. Whitlock, who lost upwards of $4,000, and gave it up :
this season introduced Mrs. Jones to a Boston audience. —
Nov. 30th, 1801, It was opened under the management of
Messrs. Powell & Harper.— Oct. 27th, 1802, Under the man-
agement of Mr. Snelling Powell : who continued it until
Oct. 1806, when Messrs. Bernard & Dickson united with
Mr. P., in its direction till 1811; when JMr. Bernard retired
from the concern, and Messrs. Powell & Dickson managed
it the 6 following years : in the season of 1816, Mr. Dickson
retired from the stage as a 'performer^ and since then, has
appeared but twice, and those at the two benefits of his re-
lative, Mrs. Powell : he yet continued in the management ;
— 1817, commenced under the management of Messrs. Pow-
ell, Dickson and Dull, which continued for three years :
when Mr. Duff retired from the concern : after the decease
of Mr. Powell, [April 8th, 1821.] the management devolved
on Mr. Dickson in behalf of Mrs. Powell and himself, aided
by Mr. Kilner as Acflng-manager it continued thus till the
expiration of the lease, May 1824. — In Sept. 1824, it opened
under the auspices of Messrs. Kilner & Finn, for themselves
and Mrs. Powell, on a lease of three years. It is worthy of
remark, that for the twenty-two past years, there had not oc-
curred an instance of a loss on any performer's salary, trade-
man's bill or any other demand on the establishment, by a
refusal of payment.

In 1834. The Boston Theatre was leased to the Academy

288 BOSTON NOTIONS.

OF MusiCj a public institution tor improvement in the vocal
and instrumental departments of that interesting and pleasing
science, under the guidance of Mr. Lowell Mason, whose
melodious compositions have received a heart-felt response
from our communityj and whose pupils have become useful
as correct instructors ; aided by Mr. George Webb, whose
organic developements in magic sounds from St, Paul's
church organ, have elicited the inward approbation of our
musical people.

The Odeon was also used on the Sabbath, by a Congrega-
tional Society, under the pastoral care of Rev. William M.
Rogers, who was installed Aug. 6th, 1835, and in 1839 the
Society built an elegant church on Winter street and Rev.
Geo. Richards ordained Oct. 8th, 1845 as colleague. See
pages 218 to 221.

The Federal street Theatre was again prepared for the
reign of Theatricals in 1846, which was closed early in 1847,
and it is now leased to Mr. C. R. Thome for three years, to
be opened again for Theatrical performances.

WASHINGTON THEATRE.

This building w^as erected in the Washington Gardens at
the corner of Tremont and West Streets in 1819; it was cal-
culated in its arrangements for either equestrian or theatrical
entertainments : the gardens were popular for a time but
owing to some mismanagement, that was soon on the wane,
and in ten years it was cleared off for a better service for the
land.

THE LION THEATRE.

The building formerly known as the ^ Lion Tavern,' on
Washington Street, was purchased by the New York Zoolog-
ical Listitute, and converted into a theatre. It was opened

BOSTON K0T10^■S. 289

on the lltli of January, 1836, under the management of Mr.
Barrymore. Equestrian exercises formed a part of the
amusements, but it was soon closed, and the large new and
elegant hall known as the ' Melodeon,' now stands on the
same ground.

TREMONT THEATRE.

A new Theatre was erected on Tremont street, in 1S27,
under the direction of Mr. Wm. Pelby, and opened for the-
atrical performances Sept. 27th of that year, under the man-
agement of Mr. P. : It is situated on Tremont street ; its form
is a parallelogram, 79 feet front and 135 feet deep. Its front
is of granite, its sides of brick, the walls being 18 inches thick.
The front is in imitation of the Ionic order, with four pilas-
ters, and two antaes, one on each angle, supporting an entab-
lature and pediment, and elevated on a basement 17 feet.
The pilasters are 25 feet 4 inches high, including their bases
and caps ; their width 3 feet 3 inches projecting one foot
from the wall.

In 1828 this theatre was re-opened by an association of
gentlemen, under the management of Mr, Booth, who was
succeeded by Mr. Wilson, when in 1830 its management
fell into the hands of Mr. Russell. July, 1831, Mr. Barrett
became the manager, and in 1833 it fell into the hands of
Mr. Barry. Since this time its history has been variable.
It continued to be a Theatre until 1842, when it was sold lo
the Baptist society worshiping under the dispensations of Rev.
Mr. Colver : for the sum of $50,000 : the society cleared out
most of the inside w^ork of the building, and newly arranged
the whole interior, at a cost of about 824,000, which on the
whole, will become an uncommon good outlay, producing a
large per centage beyond a fair interest on the cost. The
Building was dedicated to the worship of God Dec. -Ith, 18 K>.

290 BOSTON NOTIONS.

NATIONAL THEATRE,

111 1831 a building of wood was erected on the corner of
Portland and Traverse Streets for equestrian performances
atid opened in February^ 1832, under the management of
two brothers of the name of Stewart. They continued the
exhibitions there at a great sacrifice and then resigned the
building to Mr. Wm. Pelby, who made improvements by
extending its size for the representation of the Drama ; and
changed the name to Warren Theatre : the success which
attended this concern enabled jMr. P. to become principal
if not the only proprietor of that large establishment of the
National Theatre, which occupies about 16.000 feet of
ground, and on which he erected the National Theatre in
1836 ; which ever since that date, has been under his man-
agement and without doubt has rewarded the industry and
perseverance of its enterprishig proprietor with a competence
of the comforts and pleasures of life, as well as with its
honors.

the miller tabernacle,
A singular shaped one story building with an elevated
roof, was erected on Howard street and dedicated May 4th,
1843, by a special class of worshippers of Deity who had
mathematically calculated the exact day and hour when the
Son of God would appear to them ; when this globe would
melt with fervent heat and the glory of the Lord be seen
and enjoyed by them with an exclusive joy : thousands and
tens of thousands of deluded mortals through our country
and in England, were impatiently looking forward for the
great day when they only were to be called for righteous-
ness, and to ascend bodily to the triune God-head; but when
the stated time arrived, it passed off with nature's smoothest
cracp, save onlv the sound of unusual screams and excla-

Borroj* jNOTiONs. pack 291.

ATHENJSUM THEATRE.
Erected on Howard Sireet, 1846

BOSTON KOTIOKS. 291

mations of those weak and noisy disciples ; many of wlioni
lost the balance of their reasoning powers, and became in-
mates of an insane hospital ; and many more as recklessly
wasted their property and substance who are struggling in
the morass of poverty, or what is tantamount to it, in the
labyrinths of the law trying to get it back again : — about a
year after the first great excitement, they tried again to
prophesy a specified time, and the deluded followers again
prepared ascension robes to pass from earth to Heaven in, and
again the only commotion w^as among themselves : — hun-
dreds of these laifortunate fanatics are now in the- Hospitals,
and in the official report from that of Worcester, the number
there on account of religious frenzies ^ nearly equals the num-
ber caused by intemperance : and as yet the leaders of this
party continue to cry aloud on their unholy ground, their
knowledge of the determined doings of the Lord, to continue
that excitement notwithstanding the extensive ruin they have
already caused to many individuals and to the cause of a
rational and peaceful religion, which acquiesces in the works
of Providence with a grateful happy spirit, and which fore-
stalls not the designs of God with impious threats if their par-
ticular code is not acknowledged to be at least equal to that
of the Divine Law-giver.

Soon after the latter time of disappointed hope deferred,
they let their building to a company of Ethiopian Singers
and Banjo players ; after v/hich, on the 13ih of October, 1845,
it was opened for Theatrical performances and in a little time
it w^as burnt down to the ground.

ATHENJEUM THEATRE,

AVXTH AN EXGUAVIXG.

The corner stone for a new Theatre to be called the How-
ard Athenjeum was laid on the Tabernacle spot, July 4th,
1846 ; and opened in the fall for the winter campaign and for

2f)'2 BOSTON NOTIONS.

the past winter season it lias been well supported and
bids fair to have a firm hold on public favor for some time to
come, should no other sommerset or whim occur to produce
its overthrow. For beauty of the external design and ap-
pearance, and for the convenience of an audience within,
the public award to it a pre-eminence over all we have
thus far had in the city. The performances of 48 Viennoise
children, varying from the ages of 7 to 16 years in all the
intricate evolutions of the most difficult Shawl, Sheaf, Har-
vest Home and other dances, attracted the admiration of the
people of Boston and places in the vicinity to such a degree
that the rush for tickets during the many wrecks they per-
formed, caused the tickets to be sold at auction to the high-
est bidder, when from 250 to 500 dollars prewmm was realized
on every day's sale ,• and at this latter part of the season
they introduced to a Boston audience a company of Italian
singers from the Havana, whose uncommon excellence has
produced a similar rush, and the premium for the tickets has
risen from 250 to 1000 dollars on each day's sale, as aprc-
7nium beyond the usual price of the tickets.

IMPROVEMENTS IN BOSTON.

In 1845. The ^^ Cruft Block " of four granite front Ware-
houses of 4 stories on Pearl street and six convenient dwell-
ing houses in their rear, were erected by Mr. Cruft on the
spot previously occupied by his house and garden plat.

'^ Oregon Block " of three spacious Warehouses of 4
stories with granite front, was built by John Fairbanks in
1846, on Pearl Street.

" QuiNCY Block " comprising four large warehouses with
granite front, erected in 1847 — in Pearl street.

'' Brooks Block " also of four stories with granite front
and 4 stores, was erected in 1847, on Pearl Street.

BOSTON NOTIONS, 293

*'MiLK St, Block "' frontinir Federal street of four granite
"front Stores was built in 1845 by Mr. Wm, Goddard.

" BowDoiN Block" on Milk street, erected in 1845 by
Andrew Carney comprising three Warehouses,

'' Sewall Block " of three Stores, erected in 1846 of 4
stories on Milk street, by I, E. & N. Brown.

" Morton Block "' of 5 superior Warehouses on Milk
street were erected in 1845 by Mr, Pliny Cutler and others.

'■'• Lawrence Block " of two Warehouses on JMilk street
erected in 1844 by Hon. Abbot Lawrence.

'■'• Old South Block " of three spacious Warehouses of
superior style and value, was built in 1845, on the Parson-
age house site, with one other Building belonging to the Old
South Church society,

A Block of Stores on the corner of Milk and Hawley
streets and one on the corner of Milk and Atkinson streets
were erected in 1845, the latter on the Justice Stephen
Gorham estate, who became poor by building the Pearl street
, public House,

i Bath Street, leading from Congress and Water street on
|, a curveing line east to Milk street, has been lined on
f both sides with Stores and Warehouses of four stories, du-
ring live past years.

On Federal Street, a superior Block of two Granite
Warehouses were erected on the site of the Baptist Church,
in 1845 by Hon. Abbot Lawrence, of four stories — The
Church society having a new building on the corner of Bed-
ford and Rowe Streets. Also, another Block of three Ware-
houses on Federal Street, nearer the Theatre, erected in 1844
by Hen, Abbot Lawrence of four stories,

Sanford Block on Federal, fronting Franklin street, of
six Stores, were erected by Samuel Sanford in 184C.

Massachusetts Horticultural Society in 1844 erected
a handsome building for their useful and noble purposes on
School street on the site of the Latin School House, the low-
er story iiTiproved as the Society's Seed Store, and the Halls
above for an exhibition room and for interchanging ideas and
improvements in the science of Farming and Horticulture,

294 BOSTON NOTION?:.

and for disseminating valuable informalion of their progress
and doings to tlio larmiiig interest.

At the junction of Court and Sudbury Streets is the Der-
by range of Stores and the Derby house of entertainment^
built in 1846.

Corner of Union and Hanover streets is the Diamond
Block of wooden Stores built by Mr. Diamond in 1845.

Hanover Street has been greatly improved by many
handsome modern style edifices, some few quite unique and
liarmonious in their proportions and embellishments ; the at-
tractions by neat Stores for business purposes and varieties
of mercliandise for the wants of the community for the retail
trade, bespeaks for that section of the city a full proportion
of active business, where the rents are within due bounds.

Richmond Street from Hanover to Fulton street has been
made considerably wider and in time will afford a handsome
avenue from Charlestown street to Commercial street.

Ann Street, which has of late years housed the most
degraded part of the city population, is under the levelling
application of the pick-axe and the broom, for cleansing the
Augean stable : the clearing otY the old rubbish has be-
gan, and in its place the beautiful " Gerrish Block " with
granite front erected in 1846, and the Highborn Block in
the same street, and a new Block on the site of the Old
Eastern Hotel, which spot is well known throughout our
country towns, as the most extensive Stage office in Boston ;
— May enterprise speed the time when no such extensive
evidence of depravity and wretched squalid vice and stench-
pool, shall greet the eye or nostrils of the passenger : At the
forner of Barrett and Ann streets an €
building has been completed this season.

In the North West part of the city great addifions have
been made of land reclaimed from the tide waters and ex-
tensive rows of handsome brick buildings erected ; North
Charles St. Livingston and Auburn streets, are entirely new
made land.

Lowell, Billerica and Nassau Streets near the Lowell
R. R. Depot were all formed and built on from 1835 to 1840,
with handsome rows of dwellings, their entire lengths and
on both sides of each street.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 295

North Hudson Street, rear of Commercial, near old
Charles River Bridge was built upon with handsome and
convenient dwellings in 1846.

Copp's Hill Cemetery has been much improved during
the past two years by laying out neat paths in every suitable
direction, and by planting trees and shubbery to beautify
and hallow the spot.

Fulton Street in 1838 Avas increased in value, beauty
and conveniences by the erection of several blocks of rich
buildings for trade and commerce.

Ferry Street from Ann to Fulton ; Barrett St. and Shoe
and Leather Sts. covered with four story brick M-arehouses
all erected in 1844.

Rail Road Wharf, next north of Commercial wf. was
mostly reclaimed from tide water and built on in 1845 and

1846, having a long range of Granite Warehouses of four
stories on each side : an elegant Hotel on the south range
facing the east containing 80 sleeping rooms, extensiv-e
Halls, Baths, &c. &c. : the East-Boston Ferry boats ply from
this wharf.

The Massachusetts block, of four stories, fronting on
Court square extending on Williams' Court 150 feet, con-
taining 70 good sized rooms for offices, &c. was built in

1847, a spacious entry through the whole extent, gives it dil
airy, healthy and preT)ossessing appearance ; this building
took the place of a number of old dilapidated shanties too
miserable for use.

Dearborn block ; now being erected on Federal street
i of four granite stories, built by that enterprising scientific
I mechanic Geo. W. Gerrish, who purchased the land from
the legatees of the late Benjamin Dearborn : this block of
superb buildings is the iourlh that Mr. Gerrish has built,
and all are ornamental to the city and first-rate business
concerns.

The Granite building numbered 13 on Winter St. was
I erected in 1846, by Thomas Wiggles worth, of three stories,
[ with one store.

j The Granite Building 234 Washington St. was built in
1845, by Benjn. F. Blaaey, of three stories and one store
ioccupied by John Doggett & Co.

The Granite block'numbered 281. 285 and 287 on Wash-

295 BOSTON NOTIONS.

ino-lon St. was erected in 184.5 by Franklin Dexter, of three
Htorie.s and three stores.

The Granite corner of Washington and Essex streets was
built in 1832. Three stories high, and has three stores.

The Granite block on the corner of Washington and
Boylston Streets was built by David E. Mosely in'^1845 — of
lonr stories and with three stores, the Boylston bank occupy-
ing a chamber.

The two stores north of the Mosely block was built in
1845, by John I. Brown of four stories : and the block of
three stores north of this was erected the same year.

The Granite block of four stores on State Street was built
by the Merchants bank in 1845, the edifice is of three stories.

The Granite block on the corner of School and Washing-
ton St. was built by David S. Greenough in 1843, of four
stories with three stores.

The Granite block on Washington St. numbered 94 and
78 was built by David Sears, of three stories with two Stores.

The Granite building on the corner of Washington St. and
Spring lane was erected in 1846, by 0. Goodwin, of three
stories and one store.

The Dalton block on Congress Street, numbered 65, 67,
69, and 71 was built in 1845, by Thomas Wigglesworth with
two stores.

The Granite block on Washington St. of three stories, and
two stores numbered 95 and 97 Washington St. was built in
1831, by John Borland.

The Granite block, corner of State and Broad St. of four
stories, with two stores, was erected in 1845, by Jonathan
Phillips and occupied by Samuel Thaxter & Son.

The Granite building numbered 122 State St. fronting
Broad St. was built in 1823, by Benj. Loring, of four stories
and one store, which he occupies under the firm of Benj.
Loring & Co.

The Granite block at the corner of West and Washington
St. known as Amory Hall was built in 1835, by Henry Cod-
man, of three stories, having three stores on the lower floor and
two large halls above for public meetings ; one hall to ac-
commodate 600 persons and the other for 300, with five
jooms for offices.

The beautiful Granite block at the north west corner of
Winter and Washington St. was built in 1846. bv Rev. R,

BOSTON NOTIONS. 297

M. Hodges of Cambridge, of fonr stories comprising three
lower stores and large halls above.

The Granite building numbered 91 on Washington St.
being the 2d south of Joy's Building, was erected by Rollins
& Demeritt in 1845, of four stories, with one large store.

The Granite building No. 129 Washington St. was erected
in 1846, of three stories with one store.

The Granite building No. 192 Washington St. was built
in 1840, by the late Col. Henry Sargent, of two stories, oc-
cupied by G. W. Warren & Co.

The Granite building adjoining Mr. Hodge's block, corner
of Winter and Washington St. North, was erected by Prof.
Edwd. E. Salisbury, of New Haven, four stories with one
store.

The three granite buildings north of Prof. Salisbury's on
Washington St. were erected in 1846, by Mr. Thomas Wig-
gleswortli, of four stories with three stores.

The Granite block Nos. 237 and 241 on Washington St.
was erected in 1846 of four stories and four stores.

The handsome Granite block of two stores, numbered
117 and 121 on Washington St. were erected by Wm. D.
Sohier and E. V. Ashton, of four stories, 100 feet in depth,
22 feet front each, finished with French window frames and
plate glass, and were well built in every respect.

The Granite block of six stores north of Amory hall was
built in 1834, by Kittredge & Blake, of three stories.

The Granite block south but one of West St. on Washing-
ton St. was erected by Eliphalet Davis, of Cambridge, in
1845, of three stories and three stores.

The Brick range of four story buildings on Washington St.
corner of Eliot St. comprising six stores, w^as raised bodily
three feet, by windlass Jacks, in 1845 ; and granite posts or
pillars inserted to sustain it ; adding the 3 feet to the lower
story ; this great exploit seemed to have been accomplished
without shaking a brick from its correct position.

The Masonic Temple, on Tremont Street, fronting the
Mall, was erected in 1831, by the Grand Lodge of Massa-
chusetts, comprising a spacious Hall for public meetings,
concerts, &c. and will seat 750 persons* it has several
school rooms and rooms for other purposes; the Masonic
Lodges hold their meetings in the upper part of the building.

Temple Place was completed building on in 1844 ; com-

2f>S BOSTON NOTiaXS.

prising tweiily two very elegant dwelling houses, built by
various persons.

I'he Brick block on the west corner of Marshall St. and
Hanover St. was erected in 1847 by C. E. Wiggin of four
stories and two stores.

The Granite front block on the north east corner of Wil-
son's lane, and Washingion St. was erected in 1845, by
U. Sz J. Ritchie, of four stories with three stores.

Brazer's building on the east corner of Devonshire and
State St. was erected in 1842, owned by Miss Sarah Brooks
of Princeton, it being of three stories with two stores.

The Granite front block on the west corner of Devonshire
and State St. was built in 1845, by Geo. A. Otis, of three
btories and four stores.

The Brick block on the corner of State Street and Chatham
Row was built in 1847 by M, Tisdale, of five stories and
three stores.

The Brick block at the corner of Chatham Row and But-
ler's square was erected in 1847, by M. Tisdale, of five
stories with two stores.

The Granite block nunabered 52, 54, 56 and 58 on Pearl
St. was built in 1846, by Dodge & Tucker, of four stories
with two warehouses.

The Granite front block between Brooks' block and the
Pearl St. house was built in 1846, of four stories, comprising
eighteen stores, by various owners.

The Brick block on the corner of Howard and Court Street
vv^as erected in 1845, owned by the heirs of the late George
Redding, of four stories and 3 stores.

The superior Granite front block at the corner of Court
and Bulfinch Streets, was built in 1846, oy Gardner Chilson,
of four stories with three stores.

The two Brick blocks on Tremont street, between Beacon.
Street, and tlie Engine house, North, were erected in 1835
and 6, comprising twenty eight stores of three and four sto-
ries, by various owners.

The Granite building on State Street, numbered 72, was
erected in 1827, by Andrew J. Allen, of four stories, and im-
proved by himself, under the title of A. J. Allen & Son.

Two Blocks of Brick dwelling houses were erected in
1845, one on each side of Chilson place, leading from Ly-
mau place, comprising five buildings, all by Gardner Chilson.

JBOSTON NOTIONS.

299

merchants' exchange building.

This edifice is near the centre of State Street, and was
erected in 1842: the building extending with a public walk
or thoroughfare through its entire length into Lindail St. a
length of 170 feet : besides an entrance at each end of the
building is one on its west centre, from Congress Street : it
is advantageously situated and arranged for the trading,
travelling community : in it, is the Post Ofhce department ;
Merchants' public Reading Room : a Table d'hote Hotel, un-
der that, excellent caterer for benefits to the body, alias the
mind, Ferdinando Gori : with various offices for public
concerns : it is a super-excellent building of its kind, and the
only indifferent feature on the w^hole concern, is the sculp-
tured vignette over its front portico, which forcibly reminds
one of the old primmer cuts " in days of yore," where many
things were crowded into the picture without any relation
to size or propriety, if they could be wedged into it.

A brick block in Alden's lane, comprising three hand-
some houses, was built in 1844, by Ezra Trull.

PUBLIC HOUSES IN BOSTON.

Names of Houses.
Adams House,
Albany House.
Albion House,
American House,
Avon House,
Boston Hotel,
Brattle Square Hotel,
Brorafield House,
Buffalo House,
C arleton House,
City Tavern,
Clinton House,
Colony House,
Columbian Hotel,
Commer. Coffee House
Concert Hall,
Cunard House,
Cornhill Coflee House,
Derby House,
Eagle Coffee House,
Eagle Hotel,
Eastern Ex. Hotel,
Eastern Steamb. House,
Eastern R. Road House,
Elm Street Hotel,
Endicott House,
Exchange Coffee House.

Locations.
371 Washington street,
43 Albany street,
Tremont, c. Beacon st.
42 Hanover street,
160 Washington street,
Lincoln st. opp. U.S. Hot.
9 Brattle Square,
Bromfield street.
East street,
t) Tremont Row,
Brattle street,
Harrison avenue,
Beach, c. Lhicoln street,
cor. Lowell & Minot sts.,
Milk street,

c. Hanover & Court sts.,
Webster st.. E. Boston,
1 Cornliiil court.
Court cor. Sudbury sts.,
Fulton street,
24 Ami street,
Eastern R. R. Wharf,
head of E. S. B. whorf,
115 Commercial street,
9 Elm street,
cor. Endicott & Cross sts.
Congress sq. & Devon>!'c i

By ivliom kept.
L. & W. Adams.
C. Shaw.
J. W. Barton.
Lewis Rice.
L. Ellison.

F. Stapley.
L. Slade.
S. Crockett.
J. Meritt.
H. Rooth.

Chamberlin &. Gacre.
W. W. Bowles.
David Bonnev.

G. O. Richards.
Levi Whitney.
P. B. Brigham.
E. B. Cutler.
C. M. Tall.

A. Atkinson.
Terhost & Backman.
H. Rogers.
G. J. Coburn.
John Foster.
G. Nasson.
L. Doolitilf.
.los. W. > ardent.
McGili & Fearmg.

300

BOSTON NOTIONS.

A'(i7ne.s of Houses.
Farmer's House,
Fire Department Hotel,
Fitchburg- House,
FraukliuHouse,
Freeman's Ian,
Fulton House,
Fountain House,
German Coffee House,
(ilobe Hotel,
Grocers' Inn,
Hanover House,
Jefferson House,
La Fayette Hotel,
La Grange House,
Lowell House,
Mansion House,
Mariner's House,
Market Hotel,
Marlboio' Hotel,
Massachusetts Hotel,
Merchants' Excli. Hotel
Mercliants' Hotel,
JXIeVrimac House,
N. E. Coffee House,
Neptune House,
Norfolk House,
Norfolk Coffee House,
North American House,
Old Province House,
Pantheon House,
Park House,
Patterson House,
Pavilion,

Pearl Street House,
Pamberton House,

Perkins's Tavern,

Plymouth House,

Quincy House,

Railroad House,

Revere House,

Sailor's Home,
' teamen's Hotel,

Shades,

Shawmut House,

South Boston Hotel,

Stackpole House,

Suffolk House.

Sun Tavern,

Tremont House,

Tremont Street Hotel,

Twelfth Ward Hotel,

Union Hotel,

United States Hotel,

Utica House,

Washingt'n Coff. House,

Washington Hall,

Western Hotel,

Whitney's Hotel,

Locations,
20 Ana street,
South Boston,
Causeway cor. Canal st.
44 Merchants' row.
Broad st. ur. the bridge,
cor. Cross & Fulton sts.,
c. Beach & Harrison av.
155 Pleasant street,
c. Hanover & Commer'l,
1]2 Cambridge street,
50 Hanover street,

16 Ann street,

392 Washington st.,

17 Union street,

cor. Lowell & Barton sts.

95 Hanover street,

North square,

8 Market square,

229 Washington street,

cor. Endicott & Cross,

State street.

Change avenue,

Merrimack street,

CUnton street,

263 Ann street,

25 Elm .street,

Norfolk avenue,

Blackstone street,

rear 165 Washington st.

439 Washington street,

c. Boylston & Trera. sts,

11 Elm street,

41 Tremont row,

cor. Pearl & Milk sts.,

Howard street,

Franklin avenue,

Kneeland c. Albany St.,

1 Brattle square,
Church street,
BoA'i'doin square,
99 Purchase street,
Langdon place,

2 Corniiill square,
32 Hanover street,
Fourth street,

80 Milk street,

392 Washington street,

Batterymarch street,

Tremont street,

cor. Tremont & Canton,

c. Fourth St. & Turnpike

Maverick sq., E. Boston,

c. Beach & Lincoln sts.,

Utica street,

15S W^ashington street,

833 Washington street,

94 & 96 Cambridge St.,

37 Lincoln street,

By whom kept.
L. Robinson.
John Femio.
C. Brown.
Daniel Chamberlin.
Jere. Brown.
Clark & Furber.
Thomas C. Drew.
Charles Pfaff.
Lewis Whitney.
Benjamin Godsoe.
C. A. Russell, & Co.
James Lyford.
Asa Decoster.
J. Drew.

C. Ober.

Ij. Gunnison.
William Brodhead.
Wm. Hastings.
J. Coe.

Horace Hatch.
Ferdinando Gori.
And. Moulton.
J. L. Hanson.
L. Maynard.
L. E. Keyes.
W. Merritt.

D. C. Parkhurst.
James H. Hayes.
T. Waite.

John Holton.

J. Howard Eayrs.

M. & M. Wildes.

S. S. Stone.

Jewett Hitchcock & Co,

A. H. Murdock.

Thomas H. Perkins.

John V. Clark.

Eli Wheelock.

E. E. Watkins.
Paran Stevens.
J. O. Chany.
Martin Barnes, 2d.
Thomas Bates.

S. Hilliard.
S. Tltcomb.
James Ryan.
J. H. Pollard.
AV. P. Capewell.
Jolm L. Tucker.
W. Crombie.
W. D. Holmes.
J. P. Haynes.
Holman & Co.
C. Baker.
E. S. Goodnow.
Amherst Eaton.
E. H. Doolittle.
Charles Whitney.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 301

HANDEL AND HAYDN SOCIETY.

This society was formed in 1815, by 31 associated mem-
bers : their first government was Thomas Smith Webb for
President ; Amasa Winchester, Vice President ; Nathaniel
Tucker, Treasurer ; and Mr. M. S. Parker, Secretary, with
a board of Trustees.

Their meetings' were held at Mr, Granpner's Hall in
Franklin Street, and afterwards at the hall in Bedford Street:
the expenses of the institution being defrayed from their own
resources :" the first public performance of an Oratorio took
place at the Stone Chapel, on Christmas eve, 1815; when
upwards of 1000 persons attended and were delighted with
the selections from Haydn's Creation and from HandePs
compositions : their success at the time was all that could
be expected, and their course from that date to the present,
has been ouAvard and upward, and the patronage from the
public has been most ample and honorable. The society
was incorporated Feb. 9th, 1816: it increased so as to re-
quire a larger hall, and Boylston Hall was occupied by them
from Feb. 11, 1817 to 1839 : when, having about 160 effec-
tive singers, and an orchestra of 30 instruments, with a pow-
erful and melodious organ from the manufactory of Thomas
Appleton, they removed to the capacious Melodeon build-
ing, and their first performance there was on the 20th of
December, 1839 : there they have aimed successfully to
improve and give to the public a course of 10 or 12 weekly .
performances on the Sabbath evenings during the winter: of
the most grand and sublime strains from the great masters
of magic sounds; and if the young successful members
would but continue to do their part with a modest aspiring
ambition to reach the highest degree of excellence for many
years of practice, in the place of being satisfied with a
pleasing mediocrity, and yet with an aspiration to be looked
I upon as stars of magnitude in the musical horizon, the soci-

302 BOSTON NOTIONS.

ety at this time might have possessed a choir of efFective
performers in every department of the SoloSj Duets, Trios,
&c. and have approached near to a rivalling excellence with
the fame of foreign celebrated societies : The late visit of
the Havana Italian company afforded to our musical com-
munity a rich treat in the solos, duets, &c., of Moses in
Egypt, which could only have been done by a thorough
training and a steady practice for years ; and if our young
singers Avill shoot up like a rocket in their own opinion, and
prematurely explode, we hope the society will not feel much
the weight of the stick, but continue their great and useful
energies to improve the taste and style of sacred music, and
afford to the citizens an opportunity of becoming acquainted
with the best productions of the great composers of sacred
melody.

President, Jonas Chickering ; Vice President, Benjamin F. Baker j
Secretary, Joseph G. Oakes ; Treasurer, Matthew S/^Parker ;

Trustees, John Dodd, David Carter, J. Loring Fairbanks, J. S. Sweet, J.

E. Hasselton, Abraham O. Bigelow, Silas P. Merriam. George Hews,
and T. V. Ball.

THE FIRST CHURCH IN STATE STREET.

(See pages 27, 63 and 109.) The first Church society was
gathered July 3d., 1630, and their house on State St. w^as
dedicated May 26lh, 1632; a second house built for that
society, was on the site of Joy's Building on Washington St.
at the head of State St. : that building was burned down Oct.
2d. 1711 ; a third house was erected on the same spot, and
dedicated May 3d. 1713 : this was razeed in 1808 ; and July
21st, their present elegant house for worship in Chauncy
place was appropriately dedicated ; the sentiments of the
society are Unitarian.

PASTORS.

Rev. John Wilson, settled N<w. 27, 1630. Died Aug. 7, 16fi7. See p. 102
John Cotloiij colleague Oct. 17, 1633. " Dec. 23, 1052. See p. 8'i

BOSTON NOTIONS, 303

PASTORS.

Rev. Tohii Norton, settled July 23, 1656. Died April 5, 1663.

Jn. Davenport, settled Dec. 9, 1668. " March 13, 1670. See p. 104

James Allen, coll. Dec. 9, 1668. " Sept. 22, 1710.

John Oxenbridge " April 10, 1670. " Dec. 28, 1074.

Joshua Moody, settled May 3, 1684. Left 1692.

John Bailey, settled July 17, 1693. Left Dec. 12, 1697.

Benj. Wadsworth, coll. Sept. 8, 1696. Resign. June 16, 1725.

Thomas Bridge, coll. May 10, 1705. Died Sept. 26, 1715.
Thos. Foxcroft, settled Nov. 20, 1717. " June 18, 1769.

Chas. Chauncy, D.D., coll. Oct. 25, 1727. " Feb. 10, 1787.
Jn. Clarke, D.D , colleague July 8, 1778. " April 1, 1798.
Wm. Emerson, settled Oct. 16, 1799. " May 12, 1811
John L. Abbott, settled July 14, 1813. " Oct. 17, 1814.
N. L. Frothingham, D.D., set. March 15, 1815. Present Pastor.
See pages 218 to 221.

Dr. Chauncy 's cultivated garden and grounds comprised
most of Chauncy Place ; from hence its name.

Dr. Cooper was so much engaged in various affairs that he
became fond of having strangers preach from his pulpit ; it
was so generally understood ; and an anecdote occured on
that point, too good to be lost : Dr. Chauncy' s negro wanted
a coat, and applied to his master for one and was told to ask
Mrs. Chauncy for one of his old coats; the negro not being
satisfied with that answer applied again, and on receiving
the same answer, replied, ^' Massa, I rather not have one
of your black coats for fear Massa Cooper ask me to preach
for him."'

OLD NORTH CHURCH HANOVER STREET,

Now the Stone Gothic Church ; The first gathering of this
congregation owes its origin to a difiiculty in settling Mr.
'Peter Thacher as colleague with Mr. Webb at the New
North Church: Sept. 9th, 1719, was a day of prayer with
;hat society and after those services the members proceeded
'0 vote for a colleague, but lest it should be a breach upon
the solemnities of the day the votes were sealed to be exam-
ined the next day ; when 33 out of 44 were for Mr. Thacher:

304 BOSTON NOTIONS.

on the 16th, the congregation met by desire, to express their
concurrence with the vote of the church : on proposing the
question to the convention of the members and congregation,
a protest was presented signed by 6 church members and 39
of the congregation, charging the church with the base
'' design of ensnaring them by their vote : '• this document
they refused to leave with the church and they probably all
retired, as on taking another vote, the whole 46 were for Mr.
Thacher.

Jan. 27th, 1720, was the mstallation day : invitations had
been given to the five congregational churches of Boston : the
first church in Salem; those in Cambridge : Dorchester,
Romney Marsh (Watertown) and Milton, to attend the cer-
emony : a few days previous to that event, ^' the aggrieved
brethren '' by the advice of the Ministers of Boston, proposed
that their differences should be referred to a council, but the
church would not accede to that offer on account of the timt
and manner it was brought forward.

The day arrived, and not one of the ministers of Boston
appeared and only Mr. Cheever from Romney Marsh wit!
delegates from his church, and Mr, Peter Thacher of Milton,
in opposition to a vote of his church, were present as invited
participators in the exercises : they met at the house of
Mr. Webb, corner of North Bennet and Salem sti'eets, to
form in procession to the Meeting house : " the aggrieved
brethren " assembled at the house of Mr. Lee, North Ben-
net St. next to the Universalist church, which place the pro-
cession was expected to pass : a deputation from the body at
Mr. Lee's, waited on the council at Mr. Webb's house with
a remonstrance against installing Mr. Thacher, which they
wished to prevent, peaceably if they could, but forcibly if they
must, by preventing the council from going to the church.

The council in that predicament would be exposed to con-
fusion and uproar in the streets, and Mr. Webb led them ou

BOSTON NOTIONS. 305

through a back gate into Tilestoii St. and through Robbin-
son's alley into the church, and obtained unmolested pos-
session of the pulpit : the house was nearly filled with a
promiscuous multitude, among them were a few of " the ag-
grieved '' who began to raise a clamour, and sent in haste
for the party at Mr. Lee's, who came into the meeting-house
in a noisy manner, forcing their way into the galleries and
in a menacing attitude forbade the proceedings ; some were
extremely unruly and indecent, almost beyond credibility;
silence being repeatedly called for without any good effect.

The council at last determined to proceed as they could :
]\Ir. Cheever put the question to about 40 church members,
'' whether they confirmed the call of Mr. Thacher 1 " which
being answered in the affirmative, Mr. T. acknowledged his
acceptance of the office and Mr. C, then proclaimed him as
-pastor of the New North Church, The disturbances yet con-
tinued and they were called upon to make known what they
wished for ; one of them said, " that the matters in dispute
Jtoight be heard and considered by a council : " The Rev.
4Vlessrs. W. and T., with the members of the church assent-
ed to the proposition : Mr. T., of Milton, made a prayer, the
•'newly installed pastor gave a discourse, and a prayer and
blessing closed the services.

The next day Mr. Webb sent to the disaffected church
brethren, to meet at his house for the purpose of convening a
t30uncil : only four of them appeared and they refused to
have any thing to do with it.

The Brick church (now Stone) in Hanover street, between
Richmond and Prince streets was formed by those " aggriev-
ed brethren," Nov. 14th, 1719; twenty-three persons asso-
ciated to carry on the good work to a completion, and the
building was dedicated May 20lh, 1721 ; a regular church
was gathered May 23d., 1722, on which day Mr. Wm. Wal-
dron was ordained its pastor.

306 BOSTON NOTIONS.

" The figure of a Cock was placed as a Vane to the steeple
'in derision of Mr. Lathrop, whose name was Peter."

In 1649. a church was erected at the head of North square,
and destroyed by fire Nov. 27th, 1676: itw^as re-built the
next year, and staved to pieces by the British soldiers under
Lord Howe, Jan. 16th, 1776, to be used as fuel by the re-
fugees and tories : the members of that Old North congrega-
tion united with the new Brick society, June 27th, 1779 : the
splendid new stone gothic edifice they now convene in,
was dedicated Sept. 16th, 1845, and is esteemed one of the
best finished and ornamental public buildings in the city.

Ministers of the Old North Church in North Square ; for
an account of which see page 48.

PASTORS.

John Mayo, settled Nov. 9th, 1655. Resigned April 15, 1673.

Increase Mather, D.D., sett. May 27th, 1(J69. Died Aug. 23d., 1723.

Cotton Mather, D.D., settled May 13th, 16S4. Died Feb. 13th, 172?.

•Toshua Gee, settled Dec. 18th, 1723. Died May 22d., 1748.

Samuel Mather, D.D., sett. June 21.?t, 1782. Re.?igned Oct. 23d., 1741.

Samuel Checkley, Jr., settled Sept. 3d., 1747. Died March 19th. 1768.

John Lathrop, D.D., settled May ISth, 1763. Died Jan. 4th, 1816.

Ministers of the New Brick union Society.

William Waldron, settled May 23d., 1722. Died Sept. 20th, 1727.

AVilliam Welsteed, settled Marcli 27th, 1728. ' Died Sept. 29th, 1753.

Ellis Gray, settled Sept. 27th, 17?8. Died Jan. 17th, 1753.

Eben. Pemberlon, D.D., sett. March 6lh, 1754. Died Sept. 15, 1777.
Henry Ware, Jr. D.D., settled Jan. 1st, 1817. . Died Sept. 22. 1843.

Ralp'.i Waldo, Emer.^on, sett. March 11th, 1829. Resign. Oct. 28, 1832.

Chandler Robbins, settled Dec. 4th, 1S33. Present Pastor.

See pages 21S to 221.

FIRST BAPTIST MEETING HOUSE.

Some few of the first settlers of N. England embraced the
tenets of the baptist persuasion, and the rulers of the colony
used every method, but in vain, to check the prevalence of
those '' abominable " doctrines : and instead of doing to
others as they would be done by, they did as they had been
done by : some of their professors they imprisoned ; gome

BOSTON NOTIONS. 307

they whipped ; some banished ; some disfranchised, and
some were subjected, year after year, to ecclesiastical disci-
pline, and delivered over to Satan, for not hearkening to the
words of the leaders of the true faith : but it was all of no
use : the Kings' commissioners having been here, gave free
liberty to all sects of men, to worship God in any conscien-
tious form : the Baptists on the 28th of March, 1665, joined
together in Charlestowm and formed the first church of that
denomination in Massachusetts : Mr. Gould and 17 others
signed the church covenant : the King's commissioners hav-
ing left here soon after that event, a warrant was issued to
the constable of Charlestown to discover where those people
assembled and to require them to attend the established
form of W'orship, and on a refusal on their part, to bring them
to trial at Sept. Court : there, they presented their confession
of faith : the court declared them, " no orderly church
assembly," and disfranchised 18 principal members, and if
any further meetings be had, they would be imprisoned : in
April, 1666, they v/ere again indicted for non-attendance,
and plead their own meeting in defence : this was consid-
ered an additional aggravation, and three of them were fined
four pounds each, and ordered to give bonds for trial at court,
which they refused to give ; thereupon they were committed
to prison and remained there a long time : in 1668, Gould
appealed for himself, but the court again confirmed the
judgment against him, and he was re-committed : the court
appointed April 14th for holding a public dispute on the
principles of the Baptist faith : when six divines of the puri-
tan profession, attended by the Governor and other magis-
trates, and ministers : the Baptists wiih a few friends from
Newport appeared in the defence ; a memorandum of the
proceedings is preserved in the Historical Society's Library ;
but as yet, is undeciphered, and the eloquence and argu-
ments of each party, is lost in an impartial oblivion ; but t]i8

308 BOSTON NOTIONS.

result was plain and palpable : three of them were ordered
out of the colony by July 20th, and if seen here afterwards
to be imprisoned, there to remain without bail or mainprise :
Mr. Gould was set at liberty to prepare for removal : in the
mean time, no meeting was allowed to be held by them ;
the Baptists determined to suffer imprisonment rather than
be exiled : Mr. Gould removed to Noddle's Island, and held
the meetings there : Mr. G. as their pastor and Mr. John
Russell, Sen. from Woburn, an elder : this Mr. Russell and
a Mr. Foster were imprisoned nearly six months in 1672,
and in the spring of 1673, two others were fined for non-
conformity to the Puritan church.

Governor Bellingham who had been strongly opposed to
the Baptists, died Dec. 7, 1672, and at the May election,
John Leverett was elected Governor ; he extended on his
part, full freedom for their religious services ; in Jan, 1678,
they resolved on building a meeting house, and proceeded
with so much caution, that it was not known for what pur-
pose it was intended until completed ; they then paid for the
house and land £60, and held a meeting in it Feb. 15,
1679 : it was situated at the bottom of Stillman Place from
Salem Street : but again in May, their leaders w^ere
ordered to appear before the court of assistants, and
ordered that no more meetings be held there, on penalty of
forfeiture or demolition : they therefore refrained from meet-
ing in the building, yet ordained Mr. Russell as their pastor ;
On July 24, 1679, authority was received from the King,
forbidding that any of his subjects, not Papists, should be
subjected to fines or forfeitures for serving God in any way
they might desire : they then ventured to meet again, and
again were summoned to desist, and ordered the Marshal to
nail up their house; which was done March 8, 1680, and a
paper posted on the door, forbidding any meeting to be held
there, at their peril, &c. The church met the next Lord's

BOSTON NOTIONS. 309

day in the yard, for the services of the sanctuary, and the
next week, erected a temporary covering ; but on meeting
there the next Sabbath, they found the doors of their house
open, and they used it then, and for the future, without any
molestation. Their first house of worship was improved by
them till the year 1771, when they erected a new building
of wood on the same site : in 1828 they erected a handsome
brick church on the corner of Hanover and Union Streets,
which was dedicated June 18, 1829 : the basement front on
Hanover Street is divided into five stores, and in their rear,
is the vestry ; size 55 by 38 feet, furnished with settees for
400 persons ; over which is the Church, having 106 pews
handsomely made and furnished. The Baptistry is imme-
diately in front of the pulpit, elevated sufficiently for the
whole audience to witness from their seats, the sacred ordi-
nance. Their Sunday school is large and prosperous : the
building is finished with a tower and bell : the whole cost
about $44,000.

PASTORS.

Rev. Thomas Gould eettled 1665. Died Oct. 1675.

John Russell " July 23, 1675. Died Dec. 24, 1680.

John Miles, " Feb. 1683.

John Emblim, settled 1684. " Dec. 9, 1702.

Ellis Callender, " 1708. " 1718.

Elisha CalLMider, " May 21, 1718. <'• March 31, 17.38.

Jeremiah Condy " Feb. 14, 1739. «< Aug. 1764.

Samuel Stillman," Jan. 9, 1765. «' March 12, 1807.

.Joseph Clay. " Aug. 19, 1807. " Oct. 27, 1809.

•Tas. M. Winchell, settled March 13, 1814. Died Feb. 22, 1820.

Francis Wayland, Jr. " Aug. 22, 1821. " Sept. 10, 1826.

Cyrus P. Grosvenor, " Jan. 1827. " June, 1837.

Wm. Hague, " Feb. 4, 1830. Left June, 1847.

Rollin H. Neale, " Sept. 1837. Present Pastor.

This Church is esteemed Orthodox in sentiment.

OLD SOUTH CHURCH.

While the Bapfists were earnestly contending for the ap-
plication of baptism to believers only, a question arose

310 BOSTON NOTIONS.

among the Pedobaptists, themselves, of most peculiar " e3&-
ercise and concernment respecting the ecclesiastical state
of their posterity;" to some unpleasant disagreements on
this subject, is to be traced the origin of The Old South
Church.

In 1657, the first Puritan Church had voted, that it was the
duty of a church to exercise church power, regularly, over
the children of their members, w^ho had been baptized in
infancy, and to take care that their life and knowledge,
might be answerable to the engagement made by their rela-
tives : this duty they put into practice ; this opinion was
sanctioned by a council, and another proposition was adopted
which gave to such persons the right to bring their children
for baptism, on condition of their owning the covenant before
the church, though they might not have sufficient confi-
dence of their own regeneration to justify themselves in par-
taking of the sacrament. This was the commencement of
the half-way covenant.

Some persons feared that by adopting this rule, that " a
worldly part of mankind might carry all things into such a
course of proceeding, as would be very disagreeable unto
the kingdom of Heaven." It happened very singularly, that
the first church, which acted on the principle recommended
by the synod, and their pastor (IMr. Wilson) had approved
of, should make choice of Mr. Davenport of New Haven as
their pastor on the decease of Mr. Wilson : yet so they did,
and he was ordained their pastor, and the Rev. James Allen
as teacher, on the 9lh of Dec. 1668. This step created such
a division, that thirty withdrew and formed the third Pedo-
baptist church. May 12 and 16, 1669, In July, a council
was called by Gov. Bellingham. '' fearing,"' as he said in the
order, '^ a sudden tumult ; some persons attempting to set
up an edifice for public worship, which is apprehended, by
authority, to be detrimental to the public peace." But the

BOSTON KOTIONS.

311

council thought best not to interpose any farther, than to
caution those who were about to erect the house, to conform
to the laws on that subject. The house was erected on the
Bpot where the Old South meeting house now stands, at the
corner of Washington and Milk Sts. ; on land given for that
purpose by the widow of the Rev. Joshua Norton : it was
built of cedar, two stories high, with a steeple, gallery and
pews ; the pulpit being at the side of the church as now.
Feb. 16, 1670, Mr. Thacher was installed its pastor. The
present brick edifice was finished and occupied April 26,
1730, O.S. In 1775 the British troops destroyed most of the
inside wood work, to make room for the drill of their cavalry;
it was elegantly repaired in 1782; its spire is elevated 180
feet. This building was a favorite one with the choice
spirits of 1772 and the tea party of 1773, when the citizens
congregated too numerously for Faneuil Hall (which was
then but half its present size) and it^ walls have re-echoed
to the best and purest principles of patriotism and religion.

PASTORS.

Rev. Thomas Thacher, settled Feb. 16, 1670.

April 10, 1678.

Aug. 23, 1700.

Sept. 16, 1713.

Oct. 1, 1718.

Feb. 25, 1761.

Nov. 19, 1766.

Sept. 25, 1771.

Sept. 25. 1771.

Oct. 27, 1779.

IMay 18, 1803.

Feb. 21. 1821.

April 16, 1834.

Sept. 2S, 1836.

Samuel Willard, "

Eben'r. Pemberton, "
Jos. Sewall, D.D, "
Thomas Prince, "

Alex. Gumming, "

Samuel Blair, D.D. "
John Bacon, "

John Hunt, "

Jos. Eckley, D.D. "
Jos. Huntington, "
B. B. Wisner, D.D. «
Samuel H. Stearns, "
George W. Blagden,"

Died Oct. 15, 1678.

" Sept. 12, 1707.

" Feb. 13, 1717.

" June 27, 1789.

" Oct. 22, 1758.

" Aug. 25, 1763.

Resign. Oct. 10, 1769.

" Feb. 8, 1775.

Died Dec. 20, 1775.

" April 30, 1811.

" Sept. 11. 1819

Resign. Nov. 12, 1832.

" March 8, 1836.

Present Pastor.

The principles of the Church are Calvinistic.

king's chapel.
Among the early emigrants were a few who favored the
Episcopalians in church worship; and in 1646, a petition

312 BOSTON NOTIONS,

was sent in to the general court, '' humbly entreating liberty
' to the members of the church of England, to enjoy all those
' liberties and ordinances that Christ hath purchased — till in-
' conveniences hereby be found prejudicial to the churches
' and colony." This petition was so unfavorably received,
that it is probable the Episcopalians gave their favorite hope
to the winds for many years.

When the Commissioners from Charles IT., came to Boston
in 1665, they had a chaplain with them : The colony's
Agents in London and the general court in answer to com-
plaints made _^ on account of an exclusive form of worship,
promised that no person should be hindered from the per-
formance of the E. Church services, and from that time a
society seems to have been forming.

On the loth of June, 1677, a meeting was held which
may be considered the origin of the first Episcopal society in
Boston and also in America : It commenced with Mr. Robert
Ratcliffe, (who came over in the Rose Frigate, May 15lh,
1686.) as minister, and fourteen members : at their meetings
it was agreed to send addresses to the King, The Lord Bishop
of Canterbury and to the Lord Bishop of London, " to implore
those prelates' favor." It was also agreed, that the prayers
of the church be said every Wednesday and Friday ; for the
present, in the library chamber of the town house: Mr. Thomas
Hill was appointed clerk and Mr. Smith (carpenter) Sexton.

The first step towards erecting their church was an address
to the President and Council, July 16th, 1686, for liberty and
authority by a brief, to pass through the whole dominions
of H. M., in New England and collect voluntary donations
for that object; Gov. Andros arrived in December of that
year, and not finding the E. Church people so well accom-
modated as the Pedobaptists, made application for the use of
one of their churches, and having examined the three, made
choice of the Old South, and sent Randolph for the keys :

BOSTON NOTIONS. 313

The proprietors declared they could not in conscience suffer
the house to be so occupied : Andros however, persisted,
and on Friday, March 25th, 1687, had the services performed'
there : '' good man Needham, though he had resolved to the
' contrar}^, being persuaded upon, rang the bell and opened
* the door at the Governor's command.''

It is probable that the Council granted the brief, as peti-
tioned for to obtain subscriptions, as they then proceeded to
build on part of the land now occupied by the Stone Chapel:
how the society obtained that lot does not appear : it had
belonged to the town; but whether Johnson, as is the opin-
ion of some had reserved a portion of it for the site of a
church, or according to the opinion of others, that Andros in
the plenitude of his power, over the annihilated charter,
which gave the King power to be lord of the soil, and of his
own will appropriated it for the use of the church, must re-
main undecided.

The first record that speaks of it as finished, is dated July,
1689; with a list of 106 contributors to the amount of £256,
9s.; The cost of the house was £284, 16s. exclusive of hems
not charged : It was built of wood : with a steeple but with-
out any pews : in 1694, fifty-three persons subscribed towards
erecting pews : down to May 1698, it was called his Majes-
ty's Chapel: in November, King's Chapel, and in 1713,
Queen's Chapel in honor of Queen Anne; in 1710 the build-
ing was enlarged. Their organised title of " King's Chap-
el, " must be preserved for the protection of bequests to the
Church having that name: the present Stone edifice being four
years in building, was completed in 1754, and divine servi-
ces performed therein, August 21st, of that year; Mr. Free-
man was pastor in 1783, and during his ministry, various
alterations were made in the liturgy, omitting the doctrines
of the trinity, and it became the first Unitarian church in
America, in manner as follows :

314 BOSTON NOTIONS.

After the return of the Bostonians to their habitations and
houses in 1777, King's Chapel societyj gave the free use of
their Church to the Old South Society, while their church
was undergoing repairs from damage and desecration by the
British troops under Lord Howe; these repairs being finished
on the 23d of Feb., 1782, they assembled in their own
sanctuary : the remaining proprietors, or a majority of them,
determined to return to their former mode of worship, and
invited the Rev. James Freeman as pastor ; which being ac-
cepted, he commenced as Reader, Oct. 20th, 1782 : the so-
ciety adopted the Unitarian liturgy altered from the Common
prayer book of the Church of England, following the plan of
Dr. Clarke : on Lord's day, Nov. 18th, 1787, after evening
service, Mr. Freeman was ordained as Rector, Priest, &c.,
by the Wardens, Vestry, proprietors and congregation : a
minority of the church, entered a protest against it, because
they had introduced a liturgy different from any used in the
Episcopal Churches, and articles of faith they said were
'^ unscriptural and heretical : " — Another " protest or excom-
munication" was issued against them by the Episcopal
Churches in Boston, Salem, Marblehead, Newburyport and
Portsmouth ; the society however has pursued the even ten-
or of its own course, rejoicing ; and if they may not have the
fair countenance of the Episcopal Church in amity, their
Rectors have ministerial intercourse with the Boston Asso-
ciation of Clergymen.

PASTORS.

Robert Ratcliff, Rector. Inducted June 15, 169C. Resigned 1689

Robert Clarke, Assistant. " 1686. " 1689

Samuel Myles, Rector. " June 29, 1689. Died Mar. 1, 1728

George Hatton, A.M. Assistant. " June 15, 1693. Resigned July, 1696

Christopher Bridge, " " March 5, 1699. Remov. Sept. 23, 1706

Henry Harris, " " April 1, 1709. Died October 16, 1729

Roger Price, Rector. " June 25, 1729. Resign. Nov. 27, 1746

Ths. Harward, A.M. Assistant. " April, 1731. Died April 15, 1736

Addinston Davenport, A.M. As. " April 15. 1737. Resigned May S, 1740.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 315

PASTORS.

Stephen Roe, Assistant, Indue. April, 1741. Resigned 1744.

Henry Caner, CD. Rector. " April 11, 1747. '• Mar. 10, 1776.

Chas. Brock-well, A.M. Assistant, " 1747. Died August 20, 1755.

John Troutbeck. A.M. " " 1755. Resigned Nov. 1776.

James Freeman, D.D. Rector. Inducted Oct. IS, 1782, and minister Nov. 18,

1787, died Nov. 14, 1S35
Samuel Gary, Associate Minister. Inducted Jan. 1. 1809. Died Oct. 22, 1815
Francis W. P. Greenwood, D.D., min. Ind. Aug. 29, 1824. Died Aug. 2, 1843.
Ephraim Peabody. minister. Inducted .Tan. 11, 1846. Present Pastor.

BRATTLE STREET CHURCHj A.D. 1698.

The seventh religious society formed in Boston, was the
fourth congregational, or Brattle St. Church : " A number of
good men," says Dr. Thacher's century sermon, "distin-
guished for their liberality of thinking as well as for their re-
gard for the gospel and its ordinances, " laid the foundation
of this church : " their earliest date of association, was Jan.
10, 1698, on which day Thomas Brattle conveyed to them a
piece of land called Brattle's close, being part of the lot they
now occupy : the number of the Society or of grantees, was
twenty. '' As to the doctrines of religion," these good men
did not differ professedly from their brethren of other
churches, while they thought that in some respects, the reli-
gious practices of the day might be improved : " in the
spring of 1699, they sent a letter of invitation to Mr. Benja.
Colman, in London, a native of Boston and a graduate from
Harvard University, then finishing his studies in England,
to become their pastor : and apprehending some difficulty
in procuring an ordination here, that ceremony was attended
to in London on the 4th of August.

On the 1st of Nov. Mr. Colman arrived in Boston, and on
the 17th the church put forth " a manifesto or declaration of
their aim and design, and the rules with God's aid, they in-
tended to adhere to : " on Tuesday, Dec. 12th, a meeting
was held at Mr. Mice's house, and after askihg for divine
blessing, twenty three persons united to form the church :

316 BOSTON NOTIONS.

the 24th bemg the Lord's day, was the first meeting held in
their '' pleasant new-built church : '"' Mr. Colman preached
on the occasion from 2d Chron. vi. 18 : The " Manifesto"
and other "miscarriages" which the society had ''fallen
into," gave so great offence, that some of the clergy refused
to unite with them in the observance of a day of prayer : but
by some means they became united in a similar solemnity
Jan. 31, 1700, when both the Mather's and Mr. Willard
joined in the services.

They adopted the custom of reading part of the holy scrip-
tures, and to have the Lord's prayer used at every service :
the admission to full communion was deemed by the first
settlers of the country, a matter of great importance, and that
none should partake of the privilege but such as were truly
born of God ; consequently, a relation of experiences was re-
quired, either oral or written : and this had degenerated into
a mere form and with so much similarity of stereotype, as
often to provoke ridicule : this church did not require it,
although every one was free to do so or not.

In the choice of a minister and other ofiicers, the usage
had been to confine its privileges to those only who were in
full communion with the church : in this respect they dif-
fered, and acted on the principle, that every baptised adult
who contributed to the support of the church, should have a
voice in the elections.

Dec. 20, 1699, they voted to dispense wdth the pracfice of
singing the Hymns, line by line, and about the year 1717,
formed a singing society to practice by note, which was the
first one opened in Boston.

By way of derision, it was called '' the Manifesto
Church," but they have lived through it and even prospered.

Their first church was built of wood, and after a lapse of
seventy thrqe years, the corner stone of the present noble
edifice was laid June, 1772, on the same spot, and a meeting^
held there July 25, 1773.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 317

This building was used as a barrack for the British troops
under General Howe in 1776, and his quarters were in a
house opposite : on the night previous to his evacuating the
town, March 17, a cannon ball from the American army at
Cambridge, hit the west front of the church, which was
picked up and firmly affixed in the cavity it had formed :

PASTORS.

Rev. Benj. Colman, D.D., settled Aug. 4, 1699. Died Aug. 29, 1747.

Wm. Cooper, May 23, 1716. Died Dec. 18, 1743.

Samuel Cooper, D.D. May 22, 1746. Died Dec. 20, 1783.

Peter Thacher, D.D. Jan. 12, 1785. Died Dec. 16, 1802.

J. S. Buckmiuster, Jan. 30, 1805. Died June 9, 1812.

Edward Everett, Feb. 9, 1811. Resigned March 5, 1815.

John G. Palfrey, D.D. June 17, 1818. Resigned May 22, 1830.

S. Kirkland Lolhrop, June 18, 1834. Present Pastor.
This society is Unitarian in sentiment.

The wife of Dr. Samuel Cooper was somewhat a singu-
lar woman, and to show her wit on one occasion when the
Dr. expected some of the head people of his Church at his
house, he requested his wife to prepare a light supper for
.them, and on retiring to the supper room for refreshments
there was nothing eatable on the table, yet a full supply of
plates and a large number of lights — a light supper !

Mr. Buckminster on retiring from a singing meeting of his
«ociety one evening when it was so slippery that it was with
difficulty they could keep on their understandings, Mr. B.
said to his companion, " if we do not O^ we shall Bb."

NEW NORTH CHURCH.

In 1712, seventeen enterprising mechanics united for es-
tablishing a church at the corner of Hanover and Clark Sts.
under the title of the New North Church. Mr. Matthew
Butler the father of the association, with his associates ob-
tained leave for erecting a small building of wood : it was
homely and convenient and finished as is observed in an
ancient manuscript '^ without the assistance of the more

318 BOSTON NOTIONS.

wealthy part of the community excepting what they derived
from their prayers and kind wishes."

The house was dedicated May 5th, 1714. The two Ma-
thers, father and son, took part in the ceremonies : the
church covenant that evening was signed by twenty one in-
dividuals : Mr, Webb was unanimously elected pastor and
was ordained Oct. 20. Dr. J. Mather acted as moderator. Dr.
E. Mather addressed the throne of grace. Mr. Webb gave
the discourse : the moderator gave the charge and his son
the right hand of fellowship : the exercises closed with a
hymn and benediction. Ninety two years after erecting the
aforesaid building, the society razeed their ancient sanctuary
and raised one on the same site, of brick, capacious, hand-
some and durable : this was dedicated May 2, 1804,

PASTORS.

Rev. John Webb, settled Oct. 20, 1714. Died April 16, 1750.

Peter Thacher as coll. Jan. 28, 1723. " March 1, 1739.

Andrew Eliot, D.D. set. April 14, 1742. " Sept. 13, 1778.

John Eliot, D.D., " Nov. 3, 1779. " Feb. 14, 1S1.3.

■ Francis Parkman, D.D. sett Dec. 8, 1813. Present Pastor.

Amos Smith, ord. as coll. Dec. 7, 1842. Resigned June 6, 1847.

This Church is Unitarian in principle.

See pages 218 to 221.

NEW SOUTH CHURCH ON CHURCH GREEN.

Forty-four subscribers associated in the good work of form-
ing a church in Summer Street, Sept, 20th, 1715, and pre-
sented a petition to the selectmen of Boston for the grant of
the piece of land there known as "the Church Green," for
the erection of a meeting house thereon, the size to be forty
five feet by sixty five : the petition was signed by Samuel
Adams and thirteen others; the prayer of the petitioners was
granted and their house was dedicated Jan. 8. 1717, the
Rev. Benj. Wads worth of the Old South and Cotton Mather,
each delivered a sermon which was printed: Jan. 11th a
committee was raised to supply the pulpit, allowing 20s. for

BOSTON NOTIONS. 3l9

each sermon ; Sept. 24, 1718, Mr. Samuel Checkley of Bos-
ton was unanimously invited to become their pastor and he
was as such ordained April 10, 1719.

Ninety seven years after erecting the above ediiice, the
present octagonal, granite building was completed and ded-
icated Dec. 29, 1814; this was an extremely eminent and
elegant structure in its day, for symmetry of design and ex-
cellence of finish, and is remarkable as being the first to
adopt the modern high windows in a public building; the
steeple is 190 feet elevation, of an agreeable style in its
graduations to the vane.

PASTORS.

Rev. Samuel Checkley, settled Nov. 22, 1719. Died Dec. 1, 17G9.

Peauel Bov^ren, " coll. April 30, 17G6. Re-sign. May 9, 1772.

Joseph Howe, " May 19, 1773. Died Aug. 25, 1775.

Oliver Everett. « Jan. 2, 17S2. Resign. May 26, 1792'.

J T. Kirkland, D.D. Feb. 5, 1794. " Nov. 1810.

Sam. C. Thacher, settled May 15, 1811. Died Jan. 2, 1S18.

F. W. P Greenvirood, " Oct. 21, ISIS. Resigned Dec. 1820.

Alexander Young, D.D., settled Jan. 19, 1825. Present Pastor.

Tills church professes the Unitarian principles.
Fee pages 218 to 221.

NORTH EPISCOPAL " CHRIST CHURCH,"' 1723.

The second Episcopal society in Boston, worship in Salem
street Church, near to Copp's Hill : a number of gentlemen
imited and purchased the land on which the church stands,
and the Rev. Samuel Myles caused notice to be given to all
persons favorably disposed towards building a church, to
meet at King-s Chapel, Sept. 2d., 1722; agreeable to said
notice several persons attended, and then appointed a com-
mittee for raising funds " by willing contribution"' for that
object: 214 persons subscribed various sums, amounting in
all to £727, 18s. sterling (about $2951,60.)

1723, April 15th, the corner stone w^as laid of Christ
Church, by the Rev. Samuel Myles, of King's Chapel ; ac-
companied by the gentlemen of his congregation : the build-

1

320 BOSTON NOTIONS.

ing was completed and opened for public worship on the
29th of December of the same year, by a sermon by the
Rev. Timothy Cutler, D.D., as Rector from Isaiah lvi.-7.
" For mine house shall be called a house of prayer foi all
' people : 'Mo an audience of about 400, and the number
of purchasers of pews at that time was 53 : in 1815, this so-
ciety opened a Sabbath school which was the first institution
of the kind among us, and which has been universally fol-
lowed by other societies.

The steeple was of a beautiful design, admired universally
as a perfect model for symmetry of proportions; it was hurled
from its elevation on the brick tower, by the great whirlwind
in Oct. 1804 : with a contribution of four thousand dollars
from the citizens, a new one was soon elevated, combining
as near as possible all the marked beauties of the former, to
a height of 175 feet.

This church has the only chime of eight bells in the city :
the cast inscriptions on each bell, is as follows :

1st, Bell : — " This peal of 8 Bells is the gift of a number of
generous persons to Christ Church, in Boston, N. £,, anno
1744, A.R."

2d. — '■' This church was founded in the year 1723 ; Timo-
thy Cutler, D.D., the first Rector, a.r., 1744."

3d. — " We are the first ring of Bells cast for the British
Empire in North America, a.r., 1744.'^

4th, — " God preserve the Church of England, 1744."

5th, — "William Shirley, Esq., Governor of the Massachu-
setts Bay, in New England, anno. 1744."

6th, — " The subscription for these Bells was begun by
John Hancock and Robert Temple, church wardens, anno,
1743 ; completed by Robert Jenkins and John Gould, church
wardens, anno. 1744."

7th, — " Since Generosity has opened our mouthS; our
longues shall ring aloud its praise. 1744,"

BOSTON MOTIONS. 321

8th, — '' Abel Rudhall, of Gloucester, cast U3 all, anno.
1744."

PASTORS.

Rev. Timothy Cutler, settled Dec. 29, 1723. Died Ang. 17, 1765.

James Greatou, coll. May 30, 1759. Resigned Aus". 31, 1767.
Mather Byles, Jr. D.D., set. April 22, 1768. " April 1775.

Stephen Lewis, settled Aug. 1778. " Sept. 1785.

William Montague, settled April 17S6. " May 1792.

William Walter, D.D., settled May 19, 1792. Died Dec. 5, 1800.
Samuel Haskell, settled May 1801. Resigned Sept. 1803.

Asa Eaton, D.D., settled Oct. 23, 1808. Resigned May 1829.
Wm. Crosswell, A.M., settled June 24, 1829. " June 1840.
John Woart,,A.M., settled Nov. 1, 1840. Present Pastor.

FEDERAL STREET CHURCH, 1729.

The thirteenth religious society in Boston was forraed by
Presbyterian emigrant families from Scotland to Ireland
during the reign of James I. — they came to Boston in 1722,
accompanied by their pastor, the Rev. John Moorhead ; they
purchased the lot with a barn on it, at the corner of Bury
street and Long lane (now Berry and Federal St.) they al-
tered the barn for a place of worship and in time added two
wings to it : this continued to be their church until 1744,
when a new and convenient edifice was erected : at this
time they had twelve elders adapted to the twelve divisions
of their congregation into districts. Mr. Moorhead was set-
tled March 30, 1730. "He was most cordially attached to
his flock and they cherished him with a reciprocal affec-
tion : with the zealous enforcement of doctrines which he
sincerely espoused, he was unwearied in his endeavors to
promote and maintain a virtuous practice among his people :
he was favored with a good constitution and his labors were
uninterrupted until a few days before his decease, Dec. 2,
1773, in -his 70th year.

Between that time and 1783, when the Rev. David Annan
became their pastor, no record of their doings is to be found :

322 BOSTON NOTIONS,

he resigned the office in 1786, and on the 6th of August fol-
lowing the society relinquished the Presbyterian doctrines
and embraced the Congregational religion by a unanimous
vote.

Dr. Douglass, in his Summary, speaking of Mr. Moor-
head's congregation, has the following note. They erected
a Presbyterian meeting house in Boston; Mr. John Moorhead
their Presbyter, as appears by an ^' inscription in two col-
umns, and not elegant."

THE FIRST COLUMN.

This church of Presbyterian strangers was congregated an. dom. 1729.
Anno. dom. 1744, by a small but generous
Ilia man ebit. Labilis e contra si sit erana.
Siiprema. Desiderio J. M. hujus ecclesiae.

THE SECOND COLUMN.

This building was begun anno dom. 1742, and finished
Number. Hujus fundamen saxum est. Domus
Peribit. Gloria Christi lex nostra
Christique pastor, and first preached in J\Tay 6th.

" Latin and English interlarded is new, excepting in bur-
lesque; likewise the disposition of these lines is singular,
and to be rightly understood must be read by uniting the
lines in each column ; the first line of the first column, on to
the first line of the second column," &c.

" This inscription was probably in collateral columns. It
is perplexing to read it in the form in which it is placed by
Dr. Douglass, and it may be acceptable to have it presented
in a moie intelligible arrangement. In doing this we take
the liberty to include the Latin portion in a parenthesis, and
to correct a probable typographical error in the third line of
the inscription, substituting the word arena for erana.

" This Church of Presbyterian strangers was congregated
Anno Dom. 1729. This building was began Anno Dom.
1742, and finished Anno Dom. 1744, by a small but gener-
ous number. {Hujus fundamen saxum est. Domus ilia
manebit. Labilis e contra si sit arena peribit. Gloria Christi

BOSTON NOTIONS. 323

lex nostra suprema. Desiderio J. M. hujus ecdesicBj Chrisiique
-pastor) and first preached in May 6th.

From Dr. D's. observations on this inscription, one would
be led to believe it was erected in the church, but it was not
there within the recollection of any one of the society.

It was the Federal St. Church where the Massachusetts
convention congregated, when debating and deciding on the
confederating constitution of the United States in 1783; and
from that time, the name of the street was changed from
Long lane to Federal St.

The present imposing Gothic Building was erected in 1809,
and dedicated to sacred purposes Nov. 23d of that year.

PASTORS.

Rev. John Moorliead, settled March 30, 1738. Died Dec. 2, 1773.

Robert Annan, " 1783. Resigned 1786

Jere. Belknap, D.D. settled April 4, 17S7. Died June 20, 1798

J. S. Popkin, D.D. " July 10, 1799. « Nov. 28, 1802

Wm. E. Channing, D.D. settled June 1, 1803. " Oct. 2, 1842
Ezra S. Gannett. D.D. colleague, June 30, 1824. Present Pastor.
The principles of the society are Unitarian.
See pages 218 to 221.

HOLLIS STREET CHURCH, 1732.

A proposition was made by Ex-Governor Belcher that if
any suitable number of persons would associate for building
a church, that he would present to them a lot of ground in
Hollis Street for that purpose : a meeting was held on the
subject at Mr. Hopestill Foster's house, Jan. 21, 1731 ; when
twenty six persons subscribed for that object, and on the 2d
of March the land was conveyed to them by deed ; a house
was built of wood 40 by 30 feet with a steeple : it was ded,
icated June 18, 1732. On the 14th of November the church
was gathered with fasting and prayer under the guidance of
the Rev. Joseph Sewall, of the Old South Church. Nov.
20th, they unanimously invited the Rev. Mather Byles to the
pastoral charge, and he was ordained Dec. 20th, delivering
his own ordination sermon from 2 Tim. ii — 17.
1*

324 BOSTON NOTIONS.

Their building was destroyed by fire April 20, 1787, and
in 1793 they raised another wooden edifice on the same
spot, remarkably fair in its proportions : this was taken down
and removed to Weymouth, and there put together again
and is yet a handsome church : their present brick building
w^as dedicated Jan. 31st, 1811, its size is 78 1-2 feet by 76,
exclusive of a prominent tower on which is a steeple 196
feet elevation: April 8th, 1837, the steeple was struck by
lightning and burnt off: the builduig saved : again on May
5th it was set on fire by lightning, yet the church was saved.
The doctrines of the church are Unitarian.

PASTORS.

Rev. Mather Byles, settled Dec. 20, 1733. Resigned Oct. 23, 17J1.

Ebenezer Wig-ht, settled Feb. 25, 1778. '' Sept. 1788.

Samuel West, D.D. " March 12, 1789. Died April 10, 1808.

Horace Holley, D.D." March 9, 1809. Resign. Aug. 24, 181S.

John Pierpont, " April 14, 1819. " June, 1845.

David Fosdick, jr. " March 3, 184G. Present Pastor.
See pages 218 to 221.

TRINITY CHURCH, 1734.

The King's Chapel being overflowed with numbers, the
first movement for founding Trinity Church was by grant of
land from Mr. Wra. Speakman to Leonard Vassell, John
Barnes and John Gibbons, on condition that they with all
convenient speed, procure to be erected a building for the
worship of God according to the ritual of the Church of Eng-
land as by law established : A subscription was commenced
April 6, 1730, and continued Oct. 17, 1733, and the subscri-
bers were to be " repaid in proportion as money arises from
the sale of the pews or any benefactors : " the corner stone
for an edifice of wood, was laid April 15. 1734, by the Rev.
Commissary Price.

On the 15th of Aug. 1735, "'•' the Rev. Thos. Harward read
prayers according to the rubrick of the Church of England
and the Rev. Roger Price, his Lord.^hip (the Bi;?hop of

BOSTON NOTIONS. 32.S

London's commissary,) preached the first sermon in Trinity
Church, from Heb. x., 23, before his Excellency Gov. Jon-
athan Belcher and a large number of people."

''Mr, Addington Davenport v^-ho was assistant to Mr.
Price, was invited to become their minister, and ''on the
8th of May he came into the church with the committee and
accepted the invitation, thereupon by the proprietors was
presented and inducted into the church, invested in all the
benefits and perquisites of the same, and accordingly put
into full possession in the manner of a donative church."'

The first Church having been used for 94 years, the society
agreed to erect a splendid raionument on that consecrated
spot and laid the corner stone Aug. 15, 1828, with the
assistance of the Rev. Dr. Gardiner, Rector of the church
with the usual Episcopal ceremonies : it is a massive granite
gothic structure and finished in the most expensive ornamen-
tal manner.

PASTORS.

Rev. Adding-ton Davenport, sett. May 8, 1735. Died Sept. 8, 1746.
A^"m. Hooper, settled Aug. 28, 1747. " April 5, 1767.

Win. Walter, D.D. settled Oct. 1763. Re.<;igned 1775.

Samuel Parker, D.D. " 1774. Died Dec 7, 1S04.

John S. J. Gardiner, D.D. settled 1792. " 1S30.

George W. Doane, D.D. " 1828. Resigned 1332.

John H, Hopkins, D.D. sett. Feb. 1831. <' Nov. 1832.

Jona. M. AVainwright, D.D. sett. March, 1883. Res. Jan. 1S33.
John L. Watson, assistant, settled June, 1S36. Resigned 1846.
Rt. Rev. i\Ianton Eastburn, D.D. " Jan. 1, 1843. Present Pastor.

Thomas M. Clark, Jr. sett. April 26, 1S47. Assistant.

NINTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, 1736.

The West Church in Lynde street was gathered Jan. 3d,,
1735; The convenant signed by seventeen persons, and on
the same day Mr. Wm. Hooper a private tutor in a family
near town, was unanim.ously chosen their pastor : Mr. H.,
was a native of Scotland, of superior powers of mind, of noble
aspect, an eloquent popular preacher, and for the purpose of

326 BOSTON NOTIONS.

bringing him forward, this church seems to have been gath-
ered: he was ordained May 18thj 1737: all the Congrega-
tional churches in Boston with Mr. Le Mercier's, bearing a
part in the ceremonies ] the house contained 64 pews on the
lower floor.

1806, April, their first wooden meeting-house having been
in use for 70 years, it v/as taken down and the present hand-
some brick edifice erected and dedicated Nov. 27th of that
year; its size is 74 by 75 feet: with 112 pews on the lower
floor and fifty in the galleries.

The sentmients of the Church are Unitarian.

PASTOKS

Rev. William Hooper, settled May 18, 1737 Resigned Nov. 19, 1746.

Jona. Mayhew, D.D., settled June 17, 1747. Died July 8, 1766.

Chas. Lowell, D.D., settled Jan. 1, 1806. Present Pastor.

Cyrus Augustus Bartol, colleague. March 1, 1837.
See pages 218 to 221.

SECOND BAPTIST CHURCH, SALEM STREET, 1743.

A number of the members of the First church becoming
dissatisfied wdth the doctrinal sentiments of the then pastor,
Rev. J. Condy, charged him with having departed from the
sentiments on which the church was convenanted and after
stating their views to him iu writing Sept. 29, 1742, without
receiving any satisfactory answer thereto, withdrew from the
church July 27, 1743 : and J. Bownd, J. Proctor and E. Bos-
worth convenanted together to form a church, " purposing,
' by the Lord's grace enabling to hold fast those great though

* now much expelled doctrines of election, justification by
' faith alone, particular redemption, final perseve> ance and
' original sin or the total depravity and absolute enemity of
'■ all mankind by their fall in Adam to God and the gospel of
'his Son, until irresistable grace do change the hearts of I

* of those who are the elect of God : " and on the same day,
with the addition of five more persons to the convenant, they
made choice of Mr. Ephraim Bownd as their pastor and he

BOSTON NOTION.'^;. 327

was so ordained on Wednesday. Sept. 17th, at Warwick. R.I.

This society held their Sabbath meetings at the house of
Mr. James Bownd, on the corner of Sheafe and Snow-hill
streets until June 3d., 1744, and then at Mr. Proctor's (clerk
of the church,) school-house until March 5th, 1746, when
they used their new meeting-house for the first time : it was
a wooden building 45 by 33 feet, finished in a plain, neat
style : near the head of the aisle was a cistern in which their
candidates were baptised : the building was enlarged in 1788.
and additions made to that in 1797. — In 1810, the whole was
removed for one of a durable, commodious and safe con-
struction of brick 80 by 75 feet with a tower : this was ded-
icated Jan. 1st, 1811 : the Church is in Baldwin place, Saleai
street, near Prince.

Their sentiments have always been of the Trinitarian
platform.

PA5TOR3.

Rev. Ephraim Bowiiil, settled Sept 7, 1743. Died .Tune 16, 1705

John Davis, settled Sept. 9, 1770. Resigned July 19, 1772

Isaac Skillnrian, D.D,, sett. Oct. 3, 1773. " Oct. 7, 1787.

Thomas Gair, settled April 23, 1788. Died April 27, 1790.

Thos. Baldwin, D.D., sett. Nov. 11, 1790. '< Aug. 29, 1825.

Jas. D. Knowles, settled Dec. 23, 1825. Resigned Sept. 20, 18.32.

Baron Stow, settled Nov. 15, 1833. Present Pastor.

CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, SCHOOL STREET, 1748.

A new society was gathered as a distinct church, but not a
separate one from the other churches; the members being as
such belonging to other societies : Feb. 17th, 1748, a num-
ber of such persons " thinking it for the glory of God to be a
' distinct but not a separate church did, after solemn fasting
' and prayer embody into a church state : " they say, " it is
* agreeable to scripture those who are admitted members of
' our church should give an account of a \vork of the law and
' of the gospel upon their souls ; first to the minister and al-
' terwards to the church ; They require the same from any

328 BOSTON NOTIONS.

' candidate for the ministry, to prevent as much as in us lies^

* any unconverted minister being ever concerned with this

* church."

Mr. Croswellj a settled pastor over a Congregation in
Groton, Conn., was invited to become their shepherd, and as
his society had voted him "liberty to act as he thought his du-

* ty, he gave an answer in the affirmative in public, declaring
' to all present that the design of himself and his friends was
^ only to be a distinct church and that they professed no sep-
' aration from Calvinistical ministers."

The latter part of August, invitations were sent to many
churches to assist at the ordination services Oct. 5th. : The
Old South refused to have any thing to do with it, judging it
had " an unhappy tendency to crumble the other congrega-

* tional churches in town into small societies : " the council
considered this objection as insufficient and the installment
'^ was carried on in a reverent and godly manner : " The so-
ciety obtained the building in School street, erected by the
French Protestant society, which had been discontinued and
sold March 7th, 1648.

Mr. Croswell became blind in the latter part of his life,
but continued his professional labors, and could always be
depended on in cases of emergency to favor his brethren
with a sermon extempore : he died April 12th. 1785, aged
77 years : The meefing-house soon afterwards passed into
other hands, and was taken down and its area is now cover-
ed with workshops.

This society was never classed as the eleventh Con-
gregational Society, yet it appears to have been so considered
in cases of ordination, &c.

METHODIST SOCIETIES AND CHURCHES, 1772.

The Ministers of the Methodist church have never been
settled over any particular society, but receive an appoint-

BOSTON NOTIONS. 329

ment to preach a limited time in cue place which generally
has been for two years at a time, and then interchange with
their several churches. In 1772, Mr. Boardraan, colleague
of Pillmore, the lirst Methodist preachers sent over by Wes-
ley, formed a small society in Boston which soon after
waned for want of pastoral care. In Oct. 1784, Rev, Wm.
Black, from Halifax, preached in the Sandemanian Chapel on
Hanover, near Cross Sts., and in the second Baptist Cliurch,
,He continued in the city three months, preaching to large
audiences, many of whom were converted, who mostly
joined the Baptist churches. The devoted Freeborn Gar-
irettson, on his passage to Nova Scotia, tarried a time in this
I city, and preached in private houses, but formed no society.
' In July, 1790, Rev. Jesse Lee arrived in Boston, and after
I trying in vain to find some place to preach in, he determined
to preach on the common, w^hich he did on Sunday after-
noon, under the great Elm tree ; four persons attended at the
beginning, and three thousand at the close of his sermon.
I A number of persons having embraced his doctrines, met at
t the house of Samuel Burrill^ Sheafe St. where crowded
meetings were held until June, 1792, when a public scliool
[house on North School St. was granted for their use. The
Rev. Jeremiah Cosden became their pastor; like Wesley he
held meetings at 5 o'clock in the morning, but the ringing
ai the bells annoyed some of the neighbors, one of wdiom
contrived to deprive them of the use of the building. They
then hired a room in the Green Dragon tavern, in Union Si.
'but were deprived of that after using it one Sabbath. Deter-
mined to plant Methodism in the city, twelve persons formed
fhemselves into a society, denominated the " Methodist
Episcopal Church of Boston."' They met at private houses
'for some time and at last made an effort by raising subscrip-
dons, toward building a proper house of worship. Sept. 5th,
1795, a lot of land was purchased on Methodist row, Hanover

330 BOSTON NOTIONS,

avenue, where they built a wooden chapel 46 feet by 36.
It was dedicated by Rev. Geo. Pickering, May 15th, 1796.
which is now used for a primary school. The society then
numbered 42 members, but increased until they were ena-
bled to build a good brick church in North Bemiet St. which
was dedicated by Rev. Stephen Martindale in 1828. Its
present membership is 325. At the ceremony of laying the
corner stone of this building, an immense number of people
attended and the flooring gave way, as one of the centre
supporting brick pillars underneath crumbled with the pres-
sure : the timber on it broke in two near the middle and
precipitated hundreds into the cellar, a descent of seven
feet, crushing many limbs and producing the greatest dis-
may and confusion : no one was instantaneously killed, but
many were maimed and some few, never recovered from
their injuries : The corner stone of the Bromfield St. chapel
was laid by Rev. Peter Jayne, April 15th, 1806, and ded-
icated in Nov. following by Rev. S. Merwin. It is built of
brick and measures 84 feet by 54. Present membership
between 6 or 700. A suitable sized piece of the celebrated
Plymouth Rock, which gave a landing to our forefathers
Dec. 20, 1620, was obtained and consecrated with the corner
stone as a foundation of this edijfice, near the north-east
corner of the meeting house. Church St. church was ded-
icated by Read A. Stephens, July 4th, 1834. Present mem-
bership 400. Russell St. church sprang from Church St.
it was organized under the care of Rev. M. L. Scudder, in
1837; the new house was dedicated in 1838. It has since
been renewed and enlarged. Number of members in 1836
was 226. The South Boston church was dedicated by Rev.
E. T. Taylor, June 17th, 1840. Present membership 204.
Richmond St. chapel was dedicated by Bishop Morris in
1842. It reports 132 members. May St. chapel (colored
Methodist) was gathered in 1818. Rev. Samuel Snowden,

BOSTON KOTIONS.

331

pastor. The Bethel chapel in North square is owned by the
Boston Port Society. It is built of brick, except the base-
ment which is of unhammered Quincy granite. Dimen-
sions, 81 feet by 53, and will seat 1500 persons. Rev. E. T.
Taylor its pastor. The East Boston church was recognized
as a distinct church in 1842, Rev. D. Richards pastor, — a
brick chapel is now erecting for that society. It reports 140
members. A new church has been organized under the
care of Rev. B. K. Pierce, on Canton St. It meets in a hall
and numbers 60 members.

Ten Methodist churches have been built up by this busy
people in the Lord's Vineyard : they encountered great op-
position at first, yet not so much as the Baptists and Quakers,
but by unceasing efforts aided by some few generous friends,
among whom the late Col. Amos Binney stands foremost,
they have been enabled to do much good in the wayside
and have gained many to walk in the paths of righteousness,
an honor to man and their maker.

Methodist Ministers wJio have officiated in the Boston Stations,

Jesse Lee

Daiuei Smith
Jeremiah Cosden
Amos G. Tliompson
Christopher Spry
Evaii Rogers
John Harper
Joshua Hall
George Pickering
Elias Hull
Daniel Ostander
William Beaucharap
{ Joshua Wells

Thomas F. Sargent

George Pickering

T. Lyel. Ralph AVHllislon

T. Lyel, E Kibby

Epap'hras Kibby

P. Jayne

E, Kibby, S. Merwin

G. Pickering, D. Webb

©. Webb, M. Ruter

17901 A. Stevens, E. T. Taylor,

1791 F. P. Tracv, M. L. Scudder 1830

179:2 J. Horton, A. D. Sargent, E.

17931 Otheman, M. L. Scudder, E.

3 794 T. Taylor, O. R. Howard 1S37

1795 Thomas C. Peirce, Joshua W.

1795 Downing, James Porter, Mo-

1796 ses Ji. Scudder, Edward T.

1796 Taylor, Joseph Macreading 1S38

1797 Thomas C. Peirce, Joshua VV.
1797 Downing, John F. Adams,
179b James Porter, Jefferson Has-

1799 call, E. T. Taylor, James

1800 Mudge, Jr. 1S39

1801 Tames Porter, Stephen Lovell,

1802 Thomas C. Peirce, Jeficrson
1S0:3 Hascall, E. T. Taylor, Z. B.

1S04 C. Dunham 1840

180.3 Jas. Porter, John B. Husted,

1806 Thos. C. Peirce, Charles K.

1807 True, Jacob Sanborn, E.

IBOfr T. Tavlor, Isaac A Savaye lfl41
2

332

bostojS' notions.

E. R. Sabin, V. Mun?cr 1809

E. R. Sabin, G. Norrls l«iO

E. Heddiug, E. R. Sabiii 1811

W. Stephens, W. Hiiiman 131-J

-D. Webb, E. Heading 1818

G. Pickering, J. A. iVIerril 1314

E. Redding, D. Filhnoro 1815

E. Hedding, D. Fillmore 1816

T. Merritt, E. Mudge 1817

T. Merrill, E. Mudge 1818

B. R. Hoyl, V. R. Osborn 1819

D. Kilbuni. B. R. Hovt 18:20
S. W. Wilison, E. A\'iiey IS'il

E. Hedding, E. V/ilev 18:2-2
E. Heddina-, J. Lindsey 1823
S. Sias, I. Bonnev 1824
T. Merritt, I. Bonnev,

A. D. Sargent 1825
T. Merritt, J. A. Merrill,

J. Foster, 182G
J. A. Merrill, J. N. Maffit,

D. Webb 1827
S. Martindale, E. Wiley lS2s
S. Martindale, E. Wiley,

E. T. Taylor 1S29
I. i^.onnev, J. N. Maffit,

E. T. Taylor 1830
I. Bonney, A. D. Merrill,

E. T. Taylor 1831
J. Sanborn, J. Lindsey,

E. T. Taylor, S. W. Wilison 1S32
J. Lindsey. D. Fillmore,

A. Stevens, E. T. Taylor 1834
D. Fillmore, J. Hamilton,

A. Stevens, E. T. Taylor 1835
J. Horlon, J. Hamiltoii,

Mark Trafton, .Tohn B. Ilusted,
William Smith, Daniel Wise,
Charles K. True, Benjamin
F. Tefft, Lucius C. Matlack,
E. T. Taylor, Daniel Rich-
ards, Isaac A. Savage

Mark Trafton, Stephen Rem-
ington, George Pickering,
George Landon, Miner Ray-
mond, Zachariali A. Mudge,
John W. Merrill, David K.
Merrill, E. T. Taylor

Jona. D. Bridge, Z. A. Mudge,
•Joseph A. Merrill, Stephen
Remins'ton, John T. Burrill,

E. T. ^Taylor, Miner Ray-
mond, Joseph Whitman, Geo.
Landon

J. D. Bridge, James Shepard,
J. A. Merrill, Charles Adams,
Jefterson Hascall, B. T. Tay-
lor, Miner Raymond, Jos.
Whitman, Wm. H. Hatch

Mhier Raymond, .Tas. Shepard,
Joseph \V''hiiman, Charles
Aclams, Jefierson Hascall,
Wm. II. Hatch, E. T. Taylor,
A. D. Merrill, Bradford K.
Peirce, George F. Pool

Wm. H. Hatch, Thomas C.
Peirce, Joseph Whitman,
Samuel H. Higgius, William
Rice, E. T. Taylor, A. D.
Merrill, B. K. Peirce, George

F. Pool,

TRENCH PROTESTANT CHURCH. 1682.

School Street. See page 100.

SOCIETY OF FRIENDS : QUAKERS, 1664,

See page 91.

1842

1843

1844

1845

1846

1847

TENTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 1742.

CORNER OF N. BENNET AND HANOVER ST.

See page 215.

Mr. Mather applied for dismission from the Old North
Church, to form this new Church in Feb. 1741, instead of
1744, as there stated.

ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH, 1784,

The first assembling of the Roman Catholics to form a
society was in 1784, by French and Irish emigrants, under

BOSTON NOTIONS. 333

the pastoral care of the Abbe La Puiliio, Chapkiin in the
French Navy; m 1788, they obtamed the French Chinch m
School Street, made vacant by the death of M\\ Croswell :
and mass was performed therein Nov. 2, 1788. M. La
Poitrie was succeeded by M. Louis d' Rousselet and Mr,
John Thayer, a native of Boston, Avho had renounced the
Protestant faith and taken orders under the llomish see, as
Catholic Missionary to Boston : Mr. T. commenced here
June 10, 1790, and evinced much zeal for the Church of his
adoption : the Rt. Rev. Bishop Carroll, of Baltimore visited
Boston in May, 1791, and administered confirmation to many
church members: — In 1792, the Rev. Dr. Francis A, Matig-
non arrived in Boston, and by his prudence, judgment and
conciliating disposition, removed much of the prejudice
which impeded the advancement and progress of the Roman
Catholic Religion : the Rev. John Clieverus, (afterwards
R. C. Bishop, of Boston, Bishop of Montauban and Archbishop
of Bordeaux at his decease in 1846) arrived in Boston in 1790,
and joined in the church duties with Dr. M. — these two well
educated gentlemen made application to the Protestants who
generously contributed, and a lot was bought in Franklin
Place; and the Church, a neat and well proportioned edifice
erected and dedicated under the name of " The Chuiich of
THE Holy Cross,"' Sept. 19, 1803, by Bishop Carroll ;— the
Rev. Mr. Thayer by will, left funds for the erection of an
Ursuline convent which was built adjoining the Church.

Under the benign church dispensations of Dr. JMatignon
and Bishop Cheverus the congregation increased rapidly in
numbers and respectability, from both foreign and native
population : those valued prelates have been removed by
death, the first one from our midst and the later from the
office of Archbishop of Bordeaux, in his native land. Their
deaths deeply lamented by all who knew them personally
or by character. The Right Rev. Bishop Fenwick was Uie
successor, and he died Aug. 11, 1846.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

HOMAN CATKOUC MINISTERS, FURNISHED BY RT. REV. J. B. FITZPATRICK-

REV. MESSRS.

ARRIVAL.

DEPARTURE.

De La Poterie.

End of 1753

May

20, 1789

Louis Ronsselet.

17S9

End of 1789

John Thaj-er.

Jan.

4, 1790

End of 1799

Francis Matisrnon.

Aug

20, 1792

Sept

19. 1818 (died)

Rt

Rev

. John De Cheverus, 1st Bishop

Oct.

3. 1796

Sept

20, 1823

I. S. Tisserand.

About 1800

Left

5ame year 1800

Matthew 0"Brien.

1812

1814

Philip Larrissey.

May, 1S18

July

1821

Paul McQuade.

1818

1823

Patrick Bvrne.

March 18, 1820

July 11. 1830

■\^'m. Tavlor.

Apri

, 1S21

Dec.

10, 1825

Rt

Rev. Benedict J. Fenwick, 2d Bish.

Dec.

3. 1825

Aug.

11, 1846, died

James Filton.

Dec.

23, 1827

Sept

30. 1828

AYiUiam AYiley.

Dec.

23, 1827

Sept

19', 1831

John Snmhe.

Dec.

23, 1827

May

29, 1828

Rt.

Rev

AVm. Tyler, (Bp. of Hartford).

-Atay

3. 1829

Feb.

2, 1844

Thomas J. 0"Flaherly.

Sept

13, 1829

1834

Michael Healev.

1.-31

1838

Edward Walch.

1833

1834

"William Curtiu

1634

1836

James Comvay.

1836

1839

J. S. Fennelly.

18:58

1840

Adolphus Williamson.

T-39

1843

Richard B. Hardey.

L-40

1846

Rt

Rev

. J. B. Fitzpatrick, 3d bishop.
P. Rolotr.

Geori,^e J. Goodwin.
N. J. A. O'Brien.
Patrick F. Lpidoii.
Peter Crudden.
J. McGuire.
George F. Haskins.
Ambrose !\Ianahan.
John J. Williams.

IhlO
1842
1842
1843
1843
1844
1844
1844
1845
1845

1844
1843
1844

1846
1845
1845

FIRST UNIVERSALIST CHURCH. 1785.

The first known sermons deliveredj which favored the
nniversal salvation of mankind in America, was in 1770.
]Mr. John INIurray commenced preachmg near New York ;
visited New Jersey, Rhode Island and arrived in Boston Oct.
26th, 1773 ; he delivered his first discourse on the 30th, " in
the hall over the Factory;"' in 1774, he made another visit
and held forth in private houses : sometimes in Faneuil Hall,
'•' at the Factory '' or at Mason's Hall : at length he was ad-
mitted into Mr. CroswelPs pulpit School Street; but not
without strenuous opposition from Mr. C. A society was grad-

BOSTON KOTIOKS. 335

vially forming, and on tlie 2I)tli of Dec. 1785^ JNIr. Sliippie
Townsend with five others purchased the meeting-house
made vacant by the decease of Dr. Samuel Mather at the
corner of Hanover and Bennett streets; Mr. Murray was in-
stalled as pastor Oct. 24th: 1793 : the services were intro-
duced by Deacon Oliver W. Lane who addressed the breth-
len of the church and congregation, and Mr. JMurray made a
prayer : Dea. L., then asked of the church and Minister a
public recognition of their voluntary engagement to each
other which being done, Dea. L., said, •'! therefore in the
' name and in behalf of this church and congregation sup-
' ported by the constitution c^ this Commonwealth declare
' unto you John Murray to be the pastor and teacher of this
' first Universalist church in Boston : " he then presented
the bible to Mr. Murray with the pledge that so long as he
continued to preach the gospel as therein delineated, ho
should be considered their pastor and teacher, and no longer,
and concluded with the charge of Paul to Timoth}- as usual-
ly introduced on such occasions : Mr. Murray made an af-
fectionate reply : then followed singing, accompanied by the
organ : I\Ir. iMurray's sermon from i. Cor. ix. 16. Woe is un-
to me if I preach not the gospel: and the services closed wiOi
an anthem : Their Meeting-house having been in use for
96 years, was taken down and a new one erected of brick
hi good style in 1838, and dedicated Jan. 1st, 1839.

Mr. Murray was strongly opposed by moz^t, if not all the
churches in Boston : yet some persons were very desirous
that a public argument should be held on the doctrines he
taught; and Mr. Bacon of the Old South Church, permitted
himself and Mr. Murray to be brought together in Mv. Cros-
welPs pulpit on School street, fur that interesting confab ;
and during their debates, some person threw rotten eggs at

Mr. Murray, •' ah ha,'' said he, " Bacon and Eggs are

' very good to go together, as he has the one. do let him liave

336 BOSTON NOTIONS.

' enough of the other ; place them nearer, a little more to the

' right my friends," this so amused his hearers, that he

gained over many friends, where the religious points of his
argument would have been ineffectual.

PASTORS.

Rev. .Tohn Murray, settled Oct. 24, 1793. Died Sept. 3, 1815.

Edward Mitchell, settled Sept. 12, 1S10. " Oct, 6, 1811,

Paul Dean, Aug. 19, 1813. Let\ April 6, 1823.

Sebastian Streeter. May 13, 1824. Present Pastor.

CHRISTIAN CHURCH, CORNER OF SUMMER AND BROAD STS,

In 1803 a society was gathering of seceders from the Bap-
tist churches holding to tlie peculiar doctrines of the Chris-
tian Connexion ; which at that time were explained and
preached by Messrs. Abner Jones and Elias Smith : they
have since been known by the appellation of Christians :
their first meetings were held in a large wooden building in
Friend Street : after that, they for some few years occupied a .
Hall in Bedford St. near Kingston St. and in 1825, erected a
good brick m.eeting house at the corner of Summer and
Broad Streets, and dedicated Dec, 29, 1825; they have
had many preachers for a short season ; when they are with-
out any regular pastor, they exhort among themselves both
men and women : this privilege they also extend to any
pious people of any and every denomination ; that whoso-
ever hath a spirit to speak, so let him or her speak with the
spirit : they hold to six fundamental principles of doctrine,
viz. '^ Repentance from dead works : faith towards God ; of
baptisms ; of laying on of hands : of resurrection of the
dead ; and of eternal judgment ;'^ urging the necessity of
the two first principles in order for sinners to be "born
again," or become '• new creatures," or have the "divine
nature " or " holiness ; " without which no one shall see the
Lord; the safety of those who "endure to the end " is firmly

BOSTON NOTIONS. 337

believed by them and that none but such will have eternal
life.

Dr. Abner Jones of Hartland, Vt. an eminent practicing
physician, at the time a member of the Baptist Church, was
the fust who came out with these views. In Sept. 1800, he
organized the lirst Church of this order of people, in Lynden,
Vt. In 1802, he gathered another in Bradford, Vt. In 1804,
one in Portsmouth, N. H., and this one in Boston, Mass.
it being the fifth church of this order ever organized in
America.

PASTORS.

Rev. Abner Jones, 1S04. Left 1S07. Various teachers 1807 to 1816.

Elias Smith, 1816 to 1S17. Various teachers 1817 to 1819.

Simon Clough, 1819 to 18-24. Various teachers 1824 to 1825.

Chs. Alorgridge, from 1825 to 1826. " from 1826 to 1828.

Isaac C. Goff, from 1828 to 1829. .1. V. Himes from 1830 to 1837.
Simon Clough, from 1837 to 1839. Ed. Burnham, from 1839 to 1840.
J. S. Thompson, from 1842 to 1843. E. Edmunds, Present Pastor.

AFRICAN BAPTIST CHURCH. 1805.

In the year 1805, a society was gathered from among the
colored population, which was denominated the African
Baptist Church : their number at first was twenty, most of
whom were persuaded to embrace the gospel of grace and
salvation by the ministrations of Kev. Thomas Paul, an or-
dained minister of their own color, who commenced preach-
ing in the school house building in Nassau St.; in a year
from the date of their association, they chose a committee to
make collections for erecting a house for worship. Cato
Gardner was one of them, a native of Africa, who had for a
long time been a worthy member of Dr. Stillman's church :
the Dr. drew up a subscription paper for that object, which
Cato circulated and thereby obtained about Si 500: others of
the church made some considerable collections, sufficient to
authorifco them to build a church, which was dedicated Dec.

338 BOSTON NOTIONS.

4, 1806, and the same day Mr. Paul was installed : Hev. Dr.
Slillmau, and Baldwin, Mr. Grafton of Newton, Mv. Briggs
of Randolph and JNIr. Stone of New Boston, N. H. all of the
Baptist denomination, bore a part in the exercises ; the house
is 48 by 40 feet, of three stories, and built with brick : the
lower story is fitted for a school room for colored children :
the upper stories are neatly furnished with pews, galleries
and a pulpit : the expenses amounted to about SS.OOO.

PASTORS.

Rev. Thomas Taul, settled Dec. 4. 1S06. Died 1S29.

AVashiiigtou Chnsliau, settled 1832. lieft 1832.

Samuel Gooch, " 1832. " 1834.

John Given, " 1834. " 1835.

Armstrong Archer, " 1636. " 1837.

George H. Black, " 1833. " 1641.

J. T. Rayniond, " 1842. Present Pastor.

THIRD BAPTIST MEETING HOUSE. 1806.

In the year 1806, a gathering commenced for forming a
Baptist society in Charles street, and the land for that pur-
pose being* partly a donation from the Mount Vernon Com-
pany and the residue paid for by the committee of the sub-
scribers, they were regularly constituted " as a separate
' church of Christ, by the name of the Third Baptist church
'in Boston;" on the 5th of Aug. 1807: and on the same
day the house was dedicated, Rev, Dr. Baldwin delivering
the sermon:- on the 5th of Oct. Rev. Caleb Blood accepted
the offer of and was installed as pastor.

The land on which this Church stands v/as reclaimed
from water flats : the Building is 75 feet square, besides the
tower in which is a Bell, that being the first ever placed in a
Baptist Church in Boston.

PASTORS.

Rev. Caleb Blood, settled Oct. 5th, 1807. Left Jnne oth. 1810.

Daniel Sharp settled April 29, 1S12. Present Pastor.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 339

PARK 6TREET CHUSCH. 1810.

A subscription was opened for building a Church on the
corner of Park and Common Streets in 1808. Feb. 6, 1809, ten
of those associated, formed the covenant of faith and with the
assistance of a council formed the church : — twenty six per-
sons signed the covenant, twenty one of whom were seceders
from other churches and five by profession of faith : — the
corner stone of this edifice was laid in due form May 1st : —
a plate was deposited in the south-east corner having the
following inscription thereon : " Jesus Christ the chief

CORNER STONE, IN WHOM ALL THE BUILDING, FITLY FRAMED
TOGETHER, GROWETH UNTO AN HOLY TEMPLE IN THE LORD :
THIS CHURCH FORMED FEB. 27 ; AND THIS FOUNDATION LAID

MAY 1st, 1809. The house was dedicated Jan. 10, 1810: —
Rev. Edward D. Griffin, D.D., then Bartlett Professor of pul-
pit eloquence at Andover, delivered the sermon. The
building of this meeting house was predicated on the hope
of settling Dr. Henry Kollock of Savannah as pastor of the
congregation, but in this they were disappointed, and Dr.
Griffin continued to preach to them, and was installed as
their pastor, July 31st, 1811.

This church professes •' a decided attachment to that system
of christian religion which is distinguishingly denominated
Evangelical, more particularly to those doctrines which in a
proper sense are styled the doctrines of grace f^ adopting the
Congregational form of government as contained in the Cam-
bridge platform, framed by the synod of the Puritans in
1648.

PASTORS.

Rev. Ed. D. Griffin, D.D., settled July 31, ISll. Resigned Apr 27, 1S15.

Sereno E. Dwight- *' Sept. 3, 1817. <' " 10, 1825.

Edward Beecher, " Dec. 27, 182G. <' Oct. 31, 1830.

Joel H. Linsley, " Dec. 5, 1832 Resigned. 1836.

Silas Aiken, " March 22, 1837. Present Pastor.
Sfls pafes 21S to 221.

340 BOSTON NOTIONS.

ST. MATTHEW'S CHURCH. 1816,

The Coiigiegatioii no\v known as St. Matthew's Chin'ch,
South Boston, was organized on the 31st of March, 1816, and
was, I believe, the first which had stated worship in that
Section of the City. The Church edifice, which was com-
menced in 1817 and consecrated to the worship of God on
the 24th of June 1818, was certainly the first building erected
for Sacred purposes in South Boston : the cost of which was
defrayed chiefly by members of Trinity and Christ churches:
a service of plate for the use of the Altar was presented by
the ladies of Christ church, and the pulpit, desk, and chancel
were furnished wiih appropriate dressing by the ladies of
Trinity Church : Mis. E. Bowdoin Winthrop was a 'liberal
benefactor.

The services were conducted by lay readers, with the oc-
casional visit of a clergyman, until about the year 1824,
w^hen the Rev. J. L. Blake became the settled Minister of
the Parish; which office he held until the summer of 1832.
In the mean time, a little more than a year before Mr. Blake
resigned his charge, the church edifice had been enlarged
to its present size, 35 feet front, by 80 deep.

For about three months after Mr. Blake's resignation, the
Rev. M. A. D. W. Howe officiated ; at the termination of
whose engagement the church was closed for about sixteen
months.— At this period, Feb. 1834; the Rev. E. M. P.
Wells, the present Rector of St. Stephen's Church, in this
city, re-opened the Church and discharged the duties of Rec-
tor until April, 1835, he then resigned in favor of the Rev.
H. L. Conolly, who held the ofiice for the space of three
years.

On the resignation of Mr. Conolly, ir April 1838, the Rev.
Jos, H. Clinch, the present Rector, was chosen to supply his
place, and was instituted on the 23d Sept. of that year.
Si. Matthew's Church is a brick building, situated on the

BOSTON NOTIONS. 341

west side of Broadway, between D and E. streets ; owing
to the rapid increase of the population in this ward of the
city, the present edifice is found insufficient to accommodate
the Episcopal portion of the community, and measures are
now being taken to provide a more spacious structure.

The number of stated worshipers varies from 300 to 400,
There are about 100 Communicants, and the Sunday school
contains about 120 scholars.

Rev. Jos. fl. Clinch, present Pastor.

I SECOND UNIVERSAJ.IST SOCIETY. 1816.

I Nov, 14, 1816, At a meeting of a number of themem-
, bers of the First Society of Universalists it was proposed to
j form another church for a meeting house in the centre of the
' town, and the corner stone for the edifice was laid May 19.
1817, in School street- a plate was therein deposited with
' the following inscription thereon : '• The second universal

CHURCH, devoted TO THE TRUE GOD, JESUS CHRIST BEING

THE CORNER STONE : " the building is of brick, 75 feet by
67, with 125 pews: without any steeple: the dedication
sermon was by Rev, Thos, Jones of Gloucester, Oct, 16 ; —
E.3V. Hosea Ballou was unanimously invited as pastor and
w^as installed on Christmas day, Dec, 25, 1817: — Rev. Paul
Dean preached from John xx, 24, and gave the fellowship
of the churches : — Rev, Edward Turner of Charlestown made
the prayer and gave the charge : and Rev, Mr, Flagg of
Salem, closed the services in prayer.

PASTOR.S.

Rev. Hosea Ballou, seUle.l Dec. 25, 1817, Present Pastor.

Edward Cliapia, " colleag-ne 184G. "

NEW JERUSALEM CHURCH BOWDOIN STREET. 1818.

This society adopting the sentiments of Emanuel Swe-
denborg in religious matters, was instituted Aug. 15,

342 BOSTON NOTIONS.

1818^ by Rev. M. M. Carll; with twelve members; and
soon after that date held theh meetmgs in Boylston Hall : —
in a few weeks they removed to the hall in Pond street :
after being there a year, they returned to Boylston Hall ;
where they continued till Nov. 1821, when they removed to
Pantheon Hall : Feb. 22, 1828, they removed to the Athe-
naeum Lecture Room; and Nov. 1831, to the hall in Phil-
lips Place, and continued there till their elegant new church
was ready for consecration in 1845,

Mr. Thos. Worcester was chosen reader in 1818 and soon
afterwards licensed to preach by Rev. Mr, Carll ; and March
10, 1821, became pastor of the society by choice, and was
ordained by Rev. Mr. Carll, Aug. 17, 1828, and is the pres-
ent pastor. The number of church members is now about 350.

In 1844-5, a church was erected for the use of the Society,
standing on the top of the hill on Bowdoin street, called
''The New Jerusalem Church." The cost of this building
was about $60,000, of which the following is a description.

The entrance of the Church is designed in chaste Gothic
architecture ; fronts on Bowdoin street 15 feet ; and passes
thence through a vestibule 40 feet long, neatly Imished with
a series of wooden spandrils, appropriately connected with
the pannel-work of the ceiling. The auditory space is 62
feet by 80 in the clear, on the floor, and contains 110 pews,
of bold and original design. The side galleries contain 36,
and the cross end 20; making in all 166 pews, capable of
seating 1000 persons. The entire ceiling is finished with
grained arches, and so formed as to admit light through the
roof to the nave, which produces a soft and agreeable elTect.
The line of the nave at the apex is 90 feet long, and 50 feet
high from the auditory floor. The stairs ascending to the
galleries are placed in the two front corners, on either side
of the entrance doors, and so finished as to present an agree-
able appearance in the general view. The ea^^terlJ end

BOSTON KOTIOKS. 343

forms a peculiarly elegant and grand feature of the edifice,
it having placed on the centre of the chancel a lofty taberna-
cle, designed for a depository for the Sacred Scripture, and
a pavilion on either side of the tabernacle, all of which are
highly ornamental. The pulpit is on the main floor, in front
of the chancel, but withdrawn from the centre. The organ
is also, on the first floor, immediately at the left of the
chancel as the auditor enters, and is placed in a room formed
expressly for its reception, so that it is without the usual
case, and almost entirely concealed from view. In the
corner of the church on the opposite side of the chancel is a
room, corresponding in appearance to that which contains
the organ, intended for the use of the minister.

A basement story of 12 feet in height in the clear, and en-
tirely above the surface, extends under the whole of the
auditory space, and is divided into three apartments; the
principal of which is about 60 feet square, and the two
smaller rooms about 30 feet each. These are designed to
serve as a vestry, and for the Sabbath School ; and also for
lectures and social meetings, and for instruction in music.
The house is remarkably well situated, being almost exactly
an the centre, and on the highest land of the city ; and at
tile same time is very quiet and retired, and abundantly
supplied with light and air on all sides.

HA WES PLACE CHURCH. SOUTH BOSTON. 1818.

This society was gathered and incorporated in 1818, and
regularly formed Oct. 27, 1819. The following record is on
a tablet in front of the church.

This house erected

by the

Hawes Place Society,

for the worship of God, A.D., 1832,

by a niuuiticeiit donation from

MR. JOHN HAWES ;

who died Jan. 2'2, 18:29,
aged S3 year*.

3

344 BOSTON NOTIONS.

The building is of wood 60 by 46 feet : it was dedicated
Jan. 1, 1833. The interest from the property left by Mr.
John Hawes for the endowment of this church, more than
covers all its expenses.

It has a flourishing Sunday School.

PASTORS.

Rev. Mr. Wood preached from Nov. 13, 1821. Died 1822.

Lemuel Capeu, " .Ian. 28, 1823. Inst. Oct. 31, 1827. Left 1839.

Chas. C. Shackford, ord. May 19, 1841. Left May, 1S43.
George W. Lippitt, ord. May J), 1844. Present Pastor.
This Society is of the Unitarian platform.
See pages 218 to 221.

UNION CHURCH, ESSEX STREET. 1819.

This Church was organized Jan. 27th, 1819 : It was gath-
ered for the benefit of Rev. James Sabine, from St. John's,
Newfoundland; who came to Boston in July, 1818; there
he had been settled over a society about two years, which
became reduced in numbers and means to give him a
support, afler the desolaling fires thai occuired in ihat place
in Nov. 1817: Mr. Sabine commenced preaching in Boylston
Hall, and at first he was quite in vogue and popular, princi-
pally for his expiessed giatilude to the Bostonians for their
generous contribu!ions to his people and the sufferers by
fire at St. John's of ^r8,666,00. The church was organ-
ized with 17 members. Mr. S. was recognized as its pastor:
the number increasing, preparations were made for building
a meeting house in Essex Streel, for which the corner stone
was laid June 26, 1819, and the house dedicated on the 15th
of Decembe r fol ' o wi n g.

In 1822 some difficulty arose, which resulted in a vote
of the church March 6th, to withdraw from, the Essex St.
church house, and hold their future meetings in Boylston
Hall, and there they met on the next Sabbath : yet retaining

BOSTON NOTIONS. 345

the name of Essex St. Church, till Nov. 26, 1823 ; when
they were received by the Londonderry Presbytery and or-
ganized into their body : thus becoming the second Presby-
terian church in Boston, as Mr. Moorhead's was the first,
but they chose to be known by the name of the First Pres-
byterian Church in the City of Boston.

Mr. Sabine's society built a neat church for him on Church
Street in 1827 and in 1829, a part of the society with their
pastor withdrew from the Presbyterian connexion and es-
poused the Episcopalian creed : in consequence of which
the building soon became vacant; Mr. Sabine removed'
to Connecticut and a Baptist society occupied it for about a
year and then a Methodist society purchased the house.

A number of the original founders of the Essex Street
meeting house continued to maintain worship there after the
main body worshipped in Boylston Hall, and having received
an accession of members from the Old South and Park St.
churches, this body adopted the name of Union Church
on the 26th of Aug. 1822 : the Rev. Samuel Green was
installed their pastor March 26, 1823.

PASTORS.

Rev. James Sabine, settled Jan. 27, 1819. Left Feb. 20, 1822.

Samuel Green, " March 26, 1823. Died Nov. 20, 1834.

Neliemiah Adams, sett. March 26, 1334. I re sent Pistor.
See pages 218 to 221.

ST. PAUL'S CHURCH. 1819.

A subscription was opened in March, 1819, for the erection
of this edifice : the corner stone was laid with appropriate
ceremonies on the 4th of Sept. : the building was consecrated
June 20, 1820, by the Right Rev. Bishop Alex. Viets Gris-
wold, assisted by the Right Rev. Bp. Thomas C. Brownell,
of Connecticut, with other clergymen : Dr. Samuel Farmar
Jarvis was instituted Rector July 7, 1820.

This imposing granite edilice stands on Common St.

346 BOSTON NOTIONS.

fronting the head of the mall : its size is 112 feet by 72 feet
and 40 high; the portico projects about 14 feet and has six
Ionic columns, 3 feet 5 inches diameter and 32 feet high,
composed of Potomac sandstone, laid in courses : the base
of the building rises four feet with a flight of stone steps to
the portico, extending the whole front of the building;
the building has ten long windows : it has a chansel and
organ gallery : underneath the edifice are tombs, secured in
a manner to obviate any of the usual objections to the con-
struction of tombs beneath a church.

The interior of the building is remarkable for its simplicity
and beauty, and as a whole, it may be considered the com-
mencement of an era in the architectural art, w^liich as a
model has caused more attention to be paid to the subject,
and improvements to be made in the designs and erection of
public buildings.

RECTORS.

Rev. Samuel F. .Tarvis, D. D., settled July 7, 1S20. Resign. Aug. 22, 1825-
Alonzo Potter, D.D. " Aug. 29, 1826. " Aug. 27, 1831.
John S. Stone, D.D. " June 19, 1832. " June 7, 1841.

A. H. Vinton, D.D. " Feb. 3d, 1842. Present Pastor.

ST. Augustine's church, south boston. 1819.
This Roman Catholic Church was erected in 1819, by the
Catholic congregation in Boston, with the assistance of the
Rt. Rev. Bishop Cheverus : in the course of time it was en-
larged and improved ; and consecrated by bishop Fen wick
in 1833 : the building in summer is mostly obscured from
view, by large elm trees around it ; and it appears to great
advantage from that cause, as being in a beautiful rural sit-
uation : a large cemetery is attached to the church lot, oil
Dorchester street. South Boston.

PASTORS.

Rev. Thomas Lynch, from 1833 to 1836.
John Mahony, « 1836 to 1839.
M. Lynch 1839 to 1840.

F. Fitzsimmous, Dec. 21. 1840. Present Pastor.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 347

GREEN STREET CHURCH. 1821.

This Chnvch was gathered at the chapel " Mission house'^
in Butolph Street, which was dedicated July 5, 1821, and a
church there constituted of 17 mem'bevs. Rev. Wm. Jenks
ofRciated as their pastor, and as the number of his society
increased they erected a new church on Green St. of brick
and hiid the corner stone April 8, 1826, and dedicated Oct.
25, same year. Dr. Jenks continued the pastor 22 years,
and preached his last sermon there in Sept. 1845, Rev. Wm.
R. Chapman was installed there Jdy 23, 1844, as colleague
pastor, and left Sept. 28, 1846.

In 1846, the Green St. Church was transferred to another
society under the title of Leyden Chapel, under the pastoral
care of Rev. Joseph H. Towne, who collected and guided
the society at the Treraont Temple for about two years pre-
vious to the above removal.

Rev. J. H. Towne, Present Pastor.

EULFIXCH STREET CHURCH. 1823.

This meeting house was built for the Third Universalist
Society and they were incorporated as the Central Univer-
salist Society. The corner stone was laid May 7, 1823,
and the Rev. Paul Dean was installed pastor May 7, 1823,
and resigned May 3, 1840.

A modification and change taking place in the principles
of the society they unanimously applied to the Legislature
for a change of their corporate name to that of Bulfinch
Street Society. Their edifice is of brick, 74 by 40 feet,
it has two towers : one for a bell and the other for symmetry.

Rev. Frederic T. Gray, installed as colleague, Nov. 1S39, and is the present
Pastor.

The Society is now of the Congregational order.
See pages 21S to 221.
3#

348 BOSTON NOTIONS.

TWELFTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 1823.

In tlie year 1823, several gentlemen conferred together on
the apparent want of a church in the western section of the
city ] in furtherance df these impressions, a plan was origi-
nated for carrying out the intent, and in a few weeks 230
shares were taken by 90 persons, and the corner stone was
laid in due form on the 10th of May, on Chamber Street,
and the building dedicated Oct, 13th, Mr. Samuel Barrett
from the Theological school at Cambridge, was ordained
Pastor on the 9th of February.

Rev. Samuel Barrett, settled Feb. 9th, 1825. Present Pastor.
See pages 218 to 221.

PHILLIPS CHURCH. SOUTH BOSTON. 1823.

This Church was gathered Dec, 10, 1823 ; and they
erected a house for w^orship in 1825, at the junction of Broad-
way and A streets, which they dedicated March 9. Rev.
Prince Hawes had attended to the office of pastor to them
for some time, and was installed April 28, 1824, and dis-
missed April 18, 1827.

PASTORS.

Rev. Joy H. Fairchild was installed Nov, 22, 1827, Dimissed May 16, 1S42.
Wra. W. Patton, ordained Jan. 18, 1843. Left 1845.
John W. Alvord, installed Nov. 4. 1846. Present Pastor.
See pages 218 to 221.

BOWDOIN STREET CHURCH. 1825.

This church and society was organized July 18, 1825,
under the title of Hanover st. church. They built a Stone
Church on Hanover St. and dedicated the same March 1;
1826, which was burnt out on Feb. 1, 1830 : — they then
built a new house on Bowdoin Street, which they dedicated
June 16, 1831. Address by Dr. Beecher, The house is a
handsome neat building, worthy of the society and an orna-

BOSTON NOTIONS. 349

ment to the city; size, including the projecting tower 98 feet
by 75j the tower 28 feet by 20, and 70 feet high : Mr. Thos.
Appleton furnished the organ, comprising 33 stops and 1400
pipes.

PASTOKS.

Rev. Lyman Beecher, D.D. settled March 22, 1S26. Resigned Sept. 26, 1S32.

Plubbard Winslow, " Sept. 26, 1S32. " 1S44.

J. B. Waterbury. D.D., inst. Sept. 3, 1846. Present Pastor.
See pages 218 to 221.

PURCHASE STREET CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 1825.

The corner Stone of this Church was laid Sept. 7tli, 1825 ;
it was built of rough hewn granite ; size 81 by 44 feet, it is
nearly at the head of Liverpool (Griffin's wharf) where the
Tea was thrown overboard Dec. 14th, 1773; it was erected in
good taste for a neat plain convenient building, and dedica-
ted Aug. 24th, 1826, A new edifice was voted for, March
18, 1846, and this society is now erecting a new church on
the corner of Harrison Avenue and Beach streets. The style
of it to be Gothic.

PASTORS.

Rev. George Ripley, ordained Nov. 8, 1826. Left April 1, 1S41.

Ja.«. I. T. Coolidge, " Feb. 9, 1842. Present Pastor.

The corner Stone for the Federal St. Church was laid
Sept. 25, 1826, and dedicated July 18, 1827. The church
being organized July 16, 1827. The size of the bufiding
was 86 feet by 74 : it was a commodious convenient build-
ing, finished in a very handsome manner. This society has
been one of the most flourishing in the city; in 1842 they
had 476 members: 135 men and 341 women : the original
members of the South Boston Baptist church were from this
church, and many of the Harvard St. First Free, and Bow-
doin Square churches, were from this flock, and 33 of its
members have become ministers.

350 BOSTON NOTIONS,

The public situation of the building on Federal St. be-
came noisy and often inconvenient on that account^ and as
the land was sought for, with a handsome offer for build-
ing warehouses by Hon. A. Lawrence, they purchased a
fine lot of land on the corner of Bedford and Rowe Streets
and the corner stone for their new Church was laid in due
form in April, 1846, and the Church was dedicated in April,
1847.

Mr. Hague offered a resignation of his pastoral office on
account of declining health, in June, but the society did not
accept it, but put him on an unlimited furlough for travel,
with a continuation of his salary.

PASTORS.

Rev. Howard INIaleom, settled Nov. 13, 1S27. Resigned Sept. 1S3.3.

George B. Ide, " Dec. 30, 1835. '• Dec. 1S37.

Handel G. Nott, <' May23, 1S39. « May, 1S40.

AVm. Hague, " Sept, 1S40. Present Pastor.

SALEM CHURCH. 1827.

This church was organized Sept. 1, 1827, with 96 mem-
bers : the corner stone of their building, on the corner of
Salem and Norlh Bennet Streets v/as laid July 17, 1827 and
the edifice completed and consecrated Jan. 1, 1828.

The building is of brick, wilh an imposing agreeable swell
front, projecting twelve feet. The size of the building is 74
by 71 feet : the ceiling is a plain simple arch, from side to
side, from a projecting belt of stucco extending around the
building : the desk is of mahogany, supported by 6 lonio
pillars with Antique, capitals : the lower floor has 118 pews
and the gallery has 30 ; it has an organ which is esteemed
an excellent instrument : the whole number of church mem-
bers w^ho have been in communion at this church is 1014; of
these 358 were men and 656 w^omen : the present number
is 159 men and 325 women, total 484.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 351

The house was remodelled in 1845 to produce greater
<;onveiiiences ; and in accomplishing that object, a beautiful
and chaste finish was imparted to its internal appearance,
constituting it one of our most convenient and ornamental
public edifices.

The Church has a flourishing Sunday school of 324 schol-
ars whose attendance is remarked as being punctual and
regular.

PASTORS.

Rev. Justin Edwards, D.D., installed Jan. 1, 1828. Dismissed Aug. 20, 1S29,
George W. Blagden, " Nov. 3, 1830. " Sept. 5, 1836.

Joseph H. Tovv-ne, " June 2, 1837. " Dec. 27, 1843.

Edward Beeclier, D.D. " ^March 13, 1844. Present Pastor.
See pages 218 to 221.

PINE ST. CHURCH. 1827.

This society organized with 42 members, Sept. 2, 1827,
and the corner stone for their church was laid June 20th,
and the house dedicated Dec. 25, of the same year. Size
of the building 80 feet by 71. The model from which this
building was formed was the Temple of Theseus at Athens,
and is approved of for its classic form : In the basement is a
vestry, 46 by 40 feet, and a committee room 27 by 20 feet.
In July the members numbered 295.

PASTORS.

Rev. Ths. Skinner, D.D. inst. April 19, 1828. Resigned Aug. 27, 1828.

Jno. Brown, D.D. " March 14, 1829. " Feb. 16, 1831.

Amos A. Phelps, " Sept. 13, 1831. « March 26, 1834.

Artemas Boies, " Dec. 10, 1834. " Nov. 9, 1840.

Austin Phelps, ordained March 31, 1842. Present Pastor.
A Congregational Society.
See pages 218 to 221.

SOUTH BOSTON BAPTIST CHURCH. 1828.

This Church is on the corner of C Street and Broadway,
South Boston. On the 28th of Aug. 1828, nineteen members
were recognized as members of the Federal St. Baptist

352 BOSTON NOTIONS,

Church, and ihey became independent March 1, 1831, and
had mcreased to 52 : they gathered in a budding erected by.
the Methodists, and were principally upheld and supported
by the Baptist Evangelical Society, until they built their
present house, which was dedicated July 22, 1830. It is a
good wooden edifice, size 76 by 56 feet, having 102 pews,
to accommodate about 800 ; it has a good vestry, and bell, and
a fine organ. The timber of the Church is everlasting oak,
and was the frame of the Stillman church in Salem St.: the
first Baptist church in old Boston : there seems a sanctity in
the reminiscence that hallows it, as the reverberating medium
of the sounds from that ancient of days, associated as he was
within those walls at times with Baldwin ; and afterwards
the affectionate and gifted Winchell acceptably supplied the
place of the departed Stillman ; this building is none the
less thought of, by those fond of the ancient and valued relics
of gone-by times.

They have a prosperous Sabbath school of about 300
children.

PASTORS.

Rev. Thomas Driver, ordained April IG, 1S29. Resigned April 1, 18,?0.
R. H. Neale, installed Sept. 15, 1830. '• March 19, 1834.

Timotliy R. Grassy, ins. May 25, 1834. " June 22, 1835.

Thomas Driver, again Oct. 14, 1838. Left April 12, 1843.
Duncan Dunbar, Jan. 1, 1844. " Nov. 30, 1845.

George W. Bosworih, March 29, 1846. Present Pastor.

SOUTH CONGREG.ITIONAL CHURCH. 1828.

This edifice on the corner of Washington and Castle Sts.
was erected in 1827, and dedicated Jan. 30, 1828 : it was
intended for the ministrations of Rev. Dr. Horace Holley,
who was settled over the Hollis Street society in 1809, and
had been since 1818, President of the College in Kentucky,
and on his return to take charge of the church was suddenly
taken sick and died.

BOSTON NOTIONS, 353

Tlie Rev. Mellish Irving Motte who had been a clergy-
man of the Episcopal order in Charleston. S. C. but had em-
braced the Unitarian doctrine was invited to become the
pastor, and on 21st of May, 1828 was ordained: Dr. Chan-
ning preaching the sermon : In July, 1842, Mr. Motte re-
quested his connection with the society might be dissolved
which was agreed to : in Sept. of the same year, Mr. Fred-
eric D. Huntington, of the Theological school in Cambridge
was invited to assume the office of Pastor, and Oct. 19th he
w^as ordained : the sermon by Mr. Putnam.

The floor of the church contains 124 pews and 42 are in
the gallery.

PASTORS.

Rev. Mellisli Irving Motte, ordained May 21, 1328. Resigned .Tuly, 1S42.

Frederic D. Huntington, " Oct. 19, 1842. Present Pa.stor.

See pages 21S to 221.

MARINERS CHURCH, PURCHASE ST. 1829.

The corner stone of this building was laid Aug. 11, 1829,
and the church dedicated Jan. 1,1830; the church was or-
ganized with nine members and built for the special benefit
of seamen and their families : it is situated on the eastern
base of Fort hill, fronting the harbor; over it waves the Bethel
Flag, a beacon to the hardy tars to gather at the altar, and
bend before their Maker on each Sabbath, if they never
bent to the conquering power of man. Their present num-
ber of members is 187.

PASTORS.

Rev. Jonathan Greenleaf, installed Feb. 13, 1S30. Resigned Nov. 2, 1S33
Daniel M. Lord, " Nov. 11, 1834. Present Pastor.

GRACE EPISCOPAL CHURCH, 1829.

This Society was organized in 1829 and occupied several
places of worship until June, 1836, when the present church
in Temple Stieet was completed.

354 BOSTON NOTIOKS.

This church was consecrated June 14, 1886, by the Rt.
Rev. Bishop Griswold.

PASTORS.

ReA'. Thomas M. Clark, instituted Nov. 13, 1836. Resigned Oct. 31, 1843,
Clement M. Butler, " May 24, 1844. " Feb. 21, 1847.

Charles Mason, elected May, 1847.

UNIVERSALIST CHURCH, SOUTH BOSTON. 1830.

This edifice at the corner of B street and Broadway, and
consecrated April 20, 1833, was built by, and is now occu-
pied by the Fourth Universalist society ; it was gathered in
April, 1830, by the labors of Rev. Benj. Whittemore, now of
Lancaster, Mass. with the blessing of Jehovah : it was or-
ganized May 30, 1831: and incorporated April 19, 1837;
from a small beginning the society has gradually increased
in numbers and is prosperous.

The building is of wood with a brick basement, having in
it two stores and a vestry : the furniture and embellishments
for its internal appearance are neat, and the whole is well
adapted to the convenience and comfort of the speaker and
congregation.

They have a prosperous Sabbath School of about 256
children and 40 teachers.

PASTOE.S.

Rev. Benj. Whittemore, installed Dec. 5, 1830. Left April, 1S43.

D. T. Cookj commenced Jan. 1844 and inst. May. 1S44. Pres. Pastor.

WARREN STREET CHAPEL. 1835.

This institution, established in 1835, through the liberality
of private munificence, was placed under the charge of the
Rev. Charles F. Barnard, to be devoted to the general objects
of the ministry at large : particularly in relation to the
younger part of society ; the chapel is a fine capacious
building, pleasantly situated between Pleasant and Warrea

BOSTON NOTIONS. 355

Streets, with an entrance from both streets : the builclmg
contains various free schools for instruction in an English ed-
ucation, and sewing : designed for the benefit of those who
cannot obtain such advantages elsewhere, and it is open for
them at their most convenient hours : a number of classes are
taught the elements and practice of vocal music : a Sunday-
school is open on the morning and afternoon, and religious
services attended to between those periods, adapted particu-
larly to the desires and wants of the young: and social
meetings are often held for pleasing instruction in Botany
and in the rudiments of various sciences with excursions in
the country, and other occasions improved for rational enjoy-
ment : there is connected with the Chapel a pretty garden,
and a cabinet of Natural History, with a library.

The current expenses of the institution are defrayed in
part by annual subscriptions or donations, and in part by the
proceeds of a course of Lyceum Lectures, occasional con-
certs, and a sale of Flowers, made on the 4th of July, by the
beautiful train of little girls and boys who attend instruction
at the chapel. The annual meeting of the Association takes
place on the first Sunday evening after the 16th of April :
their authority and supervision are expressed through a
standing committee : the internal management of the insti-
tution is vested in an incorporated body and the estate and
building, are held by trus'^es in behalf of the original con-
tributors. This institution has probably done as much good
towards raising the mind of youth to appreciate a correct
course in life as any one ever established : hundreds and
thousands of little ones have here, with pleasure congregated
to attend the instructions of Mr. Barnard, and the greatest
and best test of its utility and good management, is the
anxiety of the troop of little ones to be at the school, and at
all times to be under the care and guidance of their beloved
teacher and his kind and worthy help-mates, in the good and

'4

356 BOSTON NOTIONS.

sacred cause of raising the mind of youth to love virtuous
actions.

PASTORS.

Rev. Charles F. Barnard, ordained Nov. 2, 1S34. Present Pastor.
Thomas B. Fox, installed Novem. 9, 1S45, as colleague.
A Church is now being built for Rev. Mr. Fox on Indiana Street.

CENTR.^L CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, WINTER STREET. 1835.

This Church was organized May 11th, 1835, by 62 mem-
bers and commenced public Worship at the Odeon on Fed-
eral street, Aug. 6th, 1835, under the title of The Franklin
Church, and organized Dec. 7th, 1841.

The corner stone of their new Church on Winter street, was
duly laid May 27th, 1841, and their elegant and well built
edifice coixipleted and dedicated Dec. 31st, 1841, and they
then assumed the title of the Central Congregational Church-

PASTORS.

Rev. Wm. M. Rogers, instituted Aug. 6, 1835. Present Pastor.

George Richards, ordained Oct. 8, 1S45. Colleague.

See pages 218 to 221.

ST. Mary's church, endicott street. 1835.
This Roman Catholic edifice was erected in 1835, and con-
secrated by Bishop Fenwick, May 22d, 1836; this church
is a durable and eminently well built handsome building of
rough stone ; and has a spacious and convenient basement
for a school or for church service ; it is at the corner of Coop-
er street, on Endicott.

PASTORS.

Rev. William Wiley, from May 1836 to April 1837.

P. O'Brien, 1837.

Michael Healy, 1838.

Thos. .1. O'Flaherty, from Jan. 1841 to Mar. 1842.

John Fitzpatrick, " Mar. 4, 1842. Present Pastor

Patrick Flood, <' Mar. 1845.

James O'Reilly, " Mar. 1S43.

EOSTON NOTIONS. 357

PITTS STREET CHAPEL. 1836.

The corner stone of this building was laid July 7th, 1836 ;
and dedicated the Nov. following : it is a neat building, size
76 by 44 feet : of two stories.

Dr. Tuckerman commenced his duties of Minister at
large, Nov. 5lh, 1826 : to visit the poor where other clergy-
men or friends did not : in Feb. 1827, he had 50 families
under his charge : in 6 months 90 families; atthe close of
the year 170, and in six months more, 250 families : he com-
menced evening lectures in an upper room in Portland St. :
and in 1828, a commodious building was erected on Friend
street : the field for his useful labors always extending, the
capacious Chapel on Pitts street was erected : there is a
Sunday school connected with this chapel, and also a sewing
school ; and other mediums for instruction and improvement
in moral and religious virtues : there are about 80 members
to this church.

The Chapel contains 80 pews and will seat 600 : a large
and also a small vestry : Parish Libraries.

PASTORS.

Rev. F. T. Gray, ordained Nov. 1S34. Left 1839.

R. C. Waterstou, " Nov. 24, 1839. Left April 1845.

Andrew Bigelow, D.D. com. May 1S45. Left Sept. 1S46,

for the particular work of Minister at large.
Saml. H. Winiiley, ordained Oct. 11, 1845. Present Pastor

See pages 218 to 221.

FIFTH UNIVERSALIST CHURCH, WARREN STREET. 1836.

This society was formed Jan., 1836, and they worshipped in
Boylston Hall till the completion of their new house on War-
ren street, near Tremont : The house was dedicated in Feb.
1839 : the church began with 85 members and now numbers
about 370; there are two Sabbath schools connected with this
church having about 400 scholars and 70 teachers : and there
are two charitable associations connected with the society.

358 BOSTON NOTIONS,

The building is of brick, with a granite basement ) contain-
ing 166 pews and will accommodate about 1100 persons; it
has a line toned organ : In the basement is a large vestry
and three school rooms.

PASTORS.

Rev. Olis A. Skinner, settled Jan. 1837. Left lS4f?.

Joseph S. Dennis, " 1^46. Present Pastor.

MAVERICK CHURCH. 1836.

EAST BOSTOX.

This church was gathered in May 1836, with ten members,
and assumed the tide of First Congregational Church in
East Boston May 31st: they were incorporated in 1838, by
the name of the Maverick Congregational Society : their
building is a small convenient edifice, built and dedicated in
1837. The church is now in a prosperous condition.

PASTORS.

Rev. William W. Newell, installed July 19, 1837. Left July 21, 1841

Amos A Phelps " Mar. 2, 1842. Left 1845.

Robt. S. Hitchcock ''' Nov. 18. 1846. Present Pastor.

See pages 218 to 221.

ST. Patrick's church, north-hampton street. 1836.
This Church was erected in 1836, and consecrated Dec.
11th, by Bishop Fenwick : it has a very large number of
members and is in a flourishing condition : it is the south
end Catholic Church.

Rev. Thomas Lynch, from 1836, and is the Present Pastor.

SUFFOLK STREET CHAPEL, comcr of Rutland St. 1839.
This edifice is on Suffolk street, and constitutes one of the
branches of the Ministry at large ] it was built by the " Fra-
ternity of Churches" in 1839 : the corner stone laid May
23d., and the dedication took place Feb. 5th, 1840 : it is at the

BOSTON NOTIONS. 359

extreme south part of the city, it is a large and commodious
building and cost about S15,000 exclusive of the land, which
was given by the city, according to a grant in 1806, to the
first religious society that would build a church thereon :
the congregation first gathered in a small room on North-
hampton street : the Architectural style of this chapel is in
good taste and correct in its proportions and adornments : it
is built with rough stone, with rustic finishings of granite,
and has a massive porch supported, by five piers of granite :
size 93 feet by 56 : a singular feature in this building is pre-
sented in the coving on all sides of it, projecting four and a
half feet beyond the walls; its interior is neatly finished;
containing 88 pews or slips on the lower floor and 10 in the
singing gallery : has been liberally furnished with an organ,
clock, communion table, lamps, &c. : the vestry is spa-
cious, and two large rooms are appropriated to a library, &c,:
in every respect it is a worthy stucture, honorable to the lib-
erality of the churches under whose auspices it has been
erected and countenanced with their support. It has a flour-
ishing Sunday school comprising about 150 scholars.

PASTOBS.

Rev. John T. Sargent, ordained Oct. 29, 1837. Left Dec. 20, 1844.

Samuel 13. Cruft " Jan. 1, 1846. Present Pastor.

HARVARD ST. CHURCH. 1839.

CORNER OF HARVARD STREKT AND HARRISON AVENUE.

This church was constituted March 27th, 1839, with 121
members ; the greater part were from other Baptist churches:
they at first worshiped in Boylston Hall wilh the title of Boyls-
TON ST., Church, which has been changed to Harvard street
Church : from Boylston Hall they removed to the Melodeon
and from thence to their new church : which is a credit to
the architect, builders, the society and to ihe city, for being as
neat and chaste an edifice as is to be met v.itli in New Eng-
4*

360 BOSTON NOTIONS.

land : the comer stone was laid June 18th, 1842, and dedi-
cated the same year : it has a granite circular front, and the
house will accommodate about 1200 persons.

See pages 218 to 221.

PASTORS.

Rev. Robert Tarnbull, installed Aug. 25, 1839. Resign. June 15, 1845.

Joseph Banvard, " March 15, 1846. Present Pastor.

TREMONT STREET BAPTIST CHURCH. 1839.

This Society gathered in Tremont Temple, April 21.
1839, and the Rev. Nathaniel Colver was called to the pas-
toral care March 28, 1839, and installed Sept, 15, 1839.

The society commenced with 82 members and has at this
time 379. A Sunday School is attached to this congrega-
tion having; about 125 scholars.

BOWDOIN SQUARE BAPTIST CHURCH. 1840.

The corner stone for this edifice was laid April 1st, 1840,
and dedicated Nov. 5th of that year : its location is perhaps
as agreeable and pleasant as that of any church in the city,
and their building appears immovable and stedfast : being
built of unhammered granite with a tower and 6 battlements
of the same : Rev. Mr. Hague made the consecration ad-
dress : the church was constituted Sept. 17th, 1840, with 137
members, and now numbers about four hundred : size of the
building, inclusive of the tower is 98 feet by 73 1-2 : its
front wall, tower and six turrets are granite : the tower pro.
jects ten feet, and is 110 feet high : the whole cost of the
building and accompaniments, was 70,000 dollars.

It was originated by a few persons from various churches,
and the building erected without a church organizaiion, and
they were organized without a pastor ; yet such has been its
onward- prosperity that they are free from debt and their in-
come is upwards of a thousand dollars per year more than
their expenses.

Rev. R. W. Cushman,. lust. July 8, 1^41. Present Faslor.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 361

SIXTH UNIVERSALIST CHURCH. 1840.

RITCHIE HALL, EAST BOSTON.

Rev. S. Cobb. Present Pastor.

GERMAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH. 1840.

SHAWMUT, NORTH OF PLEASANT ST.

George I. Kempe. Present Pastor.

CHURCH OF THE DISCIPLES. 1841.

The ^' CHURCH OF THE DISCIPLES," was foTmed in March,
1841, and now has about 200 church members. There is no
organized Society, congregation, or body of pew holders con-
nected with the Church ; the Church or body with a relig-
ious basis, being the only organization for business and all
other purposes. The Church has hitherto had but one pas-
tor, James Freeman Clarke, by whose agency it was gath-
ered. They have never sold, or leased a seat in the place
of worship, and their expenses are defrayed by voluntary
contribution. They are now building a house of worship on
a court which opens from Beacon St. opposite the new Ath-
ensBum building; they do not sell seats in their building ■ half
of the seats will be made at once free and open to all ; the
other half may be rented for a few years, until the church
is wholly paid for. To build this church, eleven thousand
dollars has been contributed by members of the society, one
gentleman giving five thousand. These are outright dona-
tions, for which they receive nothing in return. The build-
ing will be held by trustees for the use of the church, and
will accommodate about 700 persons, together with a large
vestry and will cost (with the land) about $23,000.

The habits of this church are social : they have weekly
meetings for conversation, inquiry, prayer and benevolent
action. They have a Sunday school connected with the
Church, as also Bible Classes, &c.

The worship of the church is a union of extempore prayer
and a liturgic service; this service consists of the p alms

362 BOSTON NOTIONS,

and of litanies prepared from the New Testament. The
singing is by the whole congregation.

This Church has manifested an interest in all the reforms
of the day. All the members are expected to take part in
its various services. If the pastor is absent, the members of
the church are invited to address the congregation. Women
as well as Men speak and vote in their meetings. The basis
of the church is the following declaration :

'' We believe in Jesus, as the Christ, the Son of God.
and we desire to co-operate together, in the study and prac-
tice or Christianity."

GARDEN ST. CHAPEL, 1841,

This Chapel was formerly called the Mission House, and
in 1841, it was enlarged and greatly improved in appearance
and for convenience : the society was gathered in July with
56 members, which has increased to nearly 200 members,
as originally built, it fronted on Butolph street, but the addi-
tions made, it now fronts on Garden street.

The Rev. Dr. Wm. Jenks labored here for several years
and for his ministrations, the Green street church was built,
where he continued his usefulness for 22 years, till Sept. 1845.

PASTORS.

Rev. William Jenks, July 5, 1821. Left Sept. 1845.

Win. R. Chapman, Ord. Sept. S, 1844. Left July 23, 1844.

This society is Cougreg-atioual and under the care of the ministers at large.
See pages 218 to 221.

HOLY TRINITY CHURCH, SUFFOLK STREET. 1842.

The corner stone of this edifice was laid on the 29th of
June, 1842, by Bishop Fenwick : the walls of this church
had been nearly completed for the German Catholic society,
when the tower, built of massive granite, and a portion of
the front wall with it, fell down on the night of Jan. 9th,
1843, with a tremendous crash, haviner the effect of a small

BOSTON NOTIONS. 363

earthquake; and many insisted upon it that it could be
nothing else : however, it did no damage, but that of being a
heavy loss to the few persons composing this young society,
and that was soon repaired by their own exertions ^and the
assistance of their friends : the church has been completed
and duly consecrated.

PASTORS.

Rev. p. Roloff. settled 1S43.

Alex Martini, settled 1844.

MOUNT VERNON CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 1842,

This society was gathered in 1842, and the corner stone
for their handsome new Church on Mount Vernon, corner
of Summer street Court, was laid in due form on the 4th of
July, 1843, and dedicated Jan. 4th, 1844.

Rev. Edward N. Kirk was installed June 1, 1842. Present Pastor.

CHURCH OF ST, JOHN BAPTIST, 1843.

The Church of St. John Baptist was founded in the year
1843. by great exertions and toil on the part of the Rev.
J. B. McMahon, its first pastor. Its design was to furnish a
place of worship for poor catholics, and for those who could
not obtain sittings in other churches. It is in the strict sense
of the word a free church. It yields no revenue other than
the voluntary offerings of the worshippers. The Rev. Mr.
McMahon continued as pastor of the church until January,
1846, and in March of the same year he was succeeded b)''
the Rev, Geo, F, Haskins the present pastor,

St. John's Church is situated in Moon St., near North
Square. Its length is 83 feet; breadth 40 feet. It has three
capacious galleries, and a fine toned organ manufactured by
Geo. Stevens, of East Cambridge, In consequence of there
being no pews, it is capable of contauiing 2000 persons, and
is filled to overflowing. Twice each Sunday a school is
kept in the basement of five hundred children of both sexes.

364 BOSTON NOTIONS.

CHURCH OF THE MESSIAH. 1843.

The Parish of the Church of the Messiah, was organized in
May, 1843, under the pastoral care of Rev. Geo. M. Randall,
who became Rector on the 2d Sunday in May, A.D. 1844.
Its present place of worship is in a Chapel on Washington
St., between Common and Warren Sts.

Upwards of $22,000 have been subscribed for the pur-
chase of land and the erection of a Church. It is expected
that the church will be commenced in a few days, and be
ready for occupation by the 1st of January, 1848. It is to be
built on Florence Street, of brick, with a front, of New Jersey
free stone ; — in the Gothic style of architecture, and to con-
tain 138 pews. A Sunday School is attached to this parish,
containing 138 scholars, and 22 teachers.

FREEWILL BAPTIST SOCIETY, AT MARLBORo' CHAPEL. 1843.

This society was gathered in 1843 and have held their
meetings in Hall No. 1 of Marlborough Chapel building, the
Rev. E. Noyes being the pastor.

CHURCH OF THE ADVENT. 1844.

The Rev. W. Croswell, D.D., Rector. The Rev. Frederick
W. Pollard. Assistant Minister. The Parish was constituted
and the present Rector appointed at the season of Advent,
(Dec.) A.D., 1844. The assistant minister called, Sept.
A.D. 1845.

The present temporary Chapel, at the corner of Lowell
and Causeway Streets, is open for daily morning prayer, at
9 o'clock, and also for evening prayer, on the festivals of the
Apostles and Saints, Service on Sundays' and the principal
holydays, at the usual hours of worship.

The seats in this Chapel are free to all, both poor and
rich, as will be, also, those of the Parish Church, when

BOSTON NOTIONS. 365

built. This is the eighth organized Protestant Episcopal
church in Boston.

WEST UNIVERSALIST SOCIETY. 1844.

'' The West Universalist Society" was organized on the
31st day of January, 1844, and purchased the building
known as the " Chardon St. Chapel," where it has statedly
worshipped. The tirst settled minister, Rev. S. C. Adam,
commenced as pastor on the 1st Sabbath in January, 1845,
and was regularly ordained Wednesday, the 12th of March.

On the 30th of August, owing to the ill health of Mr.
Adam, the connection was, by mutual consent dissolved.
The present incumbent, Rev. D. H. Plumb, was ordained
the 4thday of April, 1847.

A Sabbath School was organized in the spring of 1844 ; the
number of children connected with the school is 110, and
the average attendance 75.

The Society although not large, is considered to be in a
healthy and prosperous state.

BAPTIST SOCIETY, EAST BOSTON. 1844.

This society was organized in Oct. 1844, and the Rev. Jas.
M. Graves was called to the pastoral office : but from which
office, he observes, that he is about leaving : — It commenced
with 28 members and now numbers 100.

They occupy a chapel, by hire ; size 70 by 50 feet, which
!s furnished with pews, desk and orchestra; and has a
lourishing Sabbath school of 150 children.

CHURCH OF ST. NICHOLAS. 1844.

EAST BOSTON.

Rev. C. McCallion, I'resent Pastor.

366 BOSTON NOTIONS.

ORTHODOX SUFFOLK STREET UNION. 1845.

BETWEEN BROOKLINB AND CANTON ST.

This Church was organized and the pastor, Rev. George
A. Oviate installed over the same, Nov. 20, 1845.

The congregation worship in a Chapel, which was ded-
icated Sabbath evening, July 13, 1845.

This Society is in a very flourishing condition, and they
hope to be able soon to erect a more convenient house of
w^orship.

The Sabbath School connected with this church is quite
large, being of but recent origin, numbering 225 pupils.

BROADWAY UNITARIAN SOCIETY. 1845.

This society first gathered for religious meetings in May,
1845 ; the church was formed July 6, 1845, and the Rev,
Moses G. Thomas was installed as its pastor May 22, 1846.
They occupy a hall at the corner of Broadway and E Streets,
South Boston. It is capable of seating from 7 to 800 persons ;
they have a Sunday School in a prosperous condition.

TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 1845.

THE IDEA OF A CHRISTIAN CHURCH.

This Society gathered and worshipped at the Melodeoii
building, in March, 1845 ; and Rev. Theodore Parker was
installed pastor, Jan. 4, 1846. Mr. Parker had been settled
over a society in Roxbury, wdiere he was much beloved and
respected, and they parted with the most friendly feelings
for each other's benefit.

This society chose that the installation of their minister
might be done in the manner of the primitive church, and
as one church in the city does at this day : viz. in the old
puritan form of doing it themselves. They asked no eccle-
siastical council to ratify the choice they had made of a pas-
tor : the usual form of a charge they dispensed with, and

BOSTON NOTIONS. 367

for the right hand of fellowship, they observed "' that there
were plenty of them ready to give that, and warm hearts
with it; " and as for the other ceremonies usual on such oc-
casions, they said "we gladly accept the substitution of his
services for those of any stranger." The society then ratified
the proceedings by a unanimous vote, and Mr, Parker pub-
licly signified his acceptance of the pastoral ofEce ; the or-
ganization of the church was completed with singing a
hymn : a discourse by Mr. Parker : an anthem and ben-
ediction, closed the services.

THE CHURCH OF THE ADVENTisTs. 1843. See page 290.
This is a body of believers, who worship at Central hall,
No. 9 Milk street. Their prominent doctrine, is that of the
speedy coming of the Saviour to establish his everlasting
kingdom. A large portion of the church were formerly
members of the Christian Baptist church in Chardon Street,
under the pastoral care of Rev. J. V. Himes. The pastor
and a part of the church embraced the doctrines of the Sec-
ond Advent in 1841, and in the spring of 1843 removed to
the Tabernacle in Howard St. They continued there till
1847, when they removed to their present place of worship.
In March 1847, they were first organized in a church capac-
I ity, with Rev. Joshua Vaughan Himes as their pastor, with
the exception of the speedy advent, their belief does not
differ from other evangelical denominations.

Rev. Joshua V. Himss, Present Pastor.
UNION BAPTIST CHURCH. 1845.

This society was constituted Feb. 21, 1845, and Rev. Wm.
Howe installed as pastor, March IG, 1845.

Their house for worship is on Merrimack Street ; of a neat
and convenient construction, capable of accommodating a
large congregation : size 79 by 61 feet. In the basement is
5

3S8 BOSTON NOTIONS.

a large vestry which will seat upwards of 400 persons : and
with adjoining- committee rooms: they have a Sunday school
of 360 scholars.

EA.ST BOSTON SECOND CONGREGATIONAL SOCIETY.

This society was legally organized in Dec. 1845 : and at
present hold their meetings in a brick building formerly im-^
proved by the Universalist society : they have a Sunday
school with about 80 pupils and 12 teachers.

Rev. Leonard J. LivermorCj ordained March 21, 1847.
PAYSON CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. SOUTH BOSTON. 1845.

The Payson Church was organized in Joly, 1845, consist-
ing of fifty six members formerly connected with the Phil-
lips' Church. They immediately invited Rev. J. H. Fair-
child to become their pastor. He accepted their invitation,
and was installed on the 19th day of November following.
Since his installation, fifty have been admitted to the church
by letter and profession. The society worships in a hall
about 45 feet square, at the corner of Broadway and B. St.
They design to erect a new meeting house as soon as the
necessary funds can be provided. Upwards of 100 children
are connected with the Sabbath School.

CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. INDIANA ST. 1845.

This society was gathered in the Warren St. Chapel, un-
der the name of the Church of the Warren St. Chapel ; Rev.
Thomas B. Fox was installed pastor of the society, Nov. 9,
1845 ; the name of the society was changed as above, June
6, 1847 : The corner stone of the church was laid with due
ceremonies June 16, 1847 : Rev. C. F. Barnard gave selec-
tions from Scripture : the pastor of the society gave the ad-
dress, and the choir of Warren St. Chapel performed the
chants.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 3S9

This church has been founded on the liberal plan of fur-
nishing a convenient place for the worship of those whose
limited means will not permit them to associate in pa}' ing an
equal proportionable part of the usual expenses of the mod-
ern, fashionable places for worship : the seats in this church
are to be offered on equal terms : they will build an econom-
ical, convenient edifice, in which there will be no classifica-
tion or sale of pews; but merely the renting of seats by the
quarter or year, at the lowest uniform rate.

These economical well conducted churches being planted
in various parts of the city, will gather a large portion of that
class whose means are not abundant, yet whose spirit yearns
for a reputable enjoyment of life, with its religious advan-
tages and comforts as a necessary adorrmient; and the liber-
ality with which this plan has lately been carried into efFecl,
holds forth a very sadsfactory evidence, that the principles
of our ancestors have not, as yet, lost much of their holy,
placid, redeeming spirit, if they have been shorn of their
superstition and bigotry.

The Rev. Thomas B. Fox is a counterpart of the Rev.
C. F. Barnard, whose aims are similar, and whose works
will bless the community with a religious good moral
effect.

CHURCH OF THE SAVIOUR. 1845.

BEDFORD STREET.

This Society was organized in 1845. The first Sermon was
preached by the present Pastor, Rev. R. C. Waterston, on
the first Sunday of March, and at the first communion be-
tween 80 and 90 communicants were present. The Sunday
school was commenced April 6th, with eleven teachers and
twenty-fiv^e pupils; this school now numbers one hundred
and fifty with several large Bible classes and classes for mu-
tual religious improvement. A Ser\'ice Book is used by

370 BOSTON NOTIONS.

this society, and the congregation join in the prayers, re-
sponses and singing.

The Chapel in which this society worships was dedicated
on the 19th of April, 1846. The Church attached to it, is
now nearly completed and the society will probably occupy
it as early as October, 1847;

This edifice is in Bedford street, and is in the early Eng-
lish style of ecclesiastical architecture ; the exterior is built
wholly of the Newark stone, and all the ornamental parts
delicately chiselled. The nave is separated from its aisles
by columns bearing arches, over which is a clere-story, pier-
ced with triangular trefoil windows. The aisles are lighted
by single lancet windows and at the front end of the nave
over the entrance door, is a large triplet. The windows
throughout are of stained glass, ornamented with devices and
mosaic borders. The roofs over the nave and aisles are left
open to the ridge and the spaces between the beams orna-
mented with tracery. The church is to be finished inside
with open seats of carved black walnut. At the rear of the
church, are the pastor's room and the chapel communicating
with the church on either side of the chancel. The Chapel
is a beautiful building with open roof and stained glass lan-
cet windows, ornamented with appropriate devices. The
whole building is after a severely good taste, having no
glare, but throughout simple and impressive.

The dimensions are as follows : — inside width 59 feet ;
length from the front to the rear of chancel 104 feet; height
to the ridge 55 feet. The Chapel is 30 by 50 and 41 feet to
the ridge ; The whole edifice is one of the finest ever con-
structed in this city. The main building will accommodate
about 1000 and the Chapel 300 persons.

Rev. Robert C. Waterston, Present Pastor.

BOSTON BAPTIST BETHEL. 1845.

LEWIS, CORNER COMMERCIAL ST.

Rev. Phiueas Stowe, Present Pastor.

BOSTON NOTIONS. S71

SOUTH UNIVERSALI3T SOCIETY. 1845.

CAMTON, COR^'ER SUFFOLK ST.

UNIVERSALIST FREE CHURCH. 1845.

SAMARITAN HALL.

Rev. A. P. Cleverly, Present Pastor.

seamen's chapel. 1845.

AN>', CORNER FERRY ST.

Rev. J. P. Robinson, Present Pastor,

THE church OF THE PILGRIMS. 1846.

This Church was formed m July, 1846, by uniting the
'' MESSIAH CHURCH," formerly worshipping in Green Street,
under the pastoral care of Rev. Dr. Jenks and Rev. Wm. R.
Chapman, with the pilgrim society, worshipping in Boyls-
ton Hall : it is now known under the title of the church of
THE PILGRIMS. The congTP ^'atiou has so increased in num-
bers that the hall in the Tremont Chapel which they have
improved for the year past, is too small for their accommo-
dation; and they have secured the Marlboro' Chapel, which
is to be entirely remoddled and calculated then to be the
most spacious and commodious audience room in the city.

The society has a large and flourishing Sabbath school.

Rev. M. Hale Smith, installed Oct. 18, 1S46, Present Pastor.

ST. Stephen's chapel.

PURCHASE ST. NEAR ATKIXSON STREET.

This beautiful stone edifice was erected in 1846, and ded-
icated Oct. 5th the same year: size 80 by 64 feet; the gen-
erous gift of Wm. Appleton, and endowed by him to be a
free Church of the Episcopal order forever : it has a base-
ment room the whole size of the building, where a Sunday
school is in a prosperous condition,
5*

372 BOSTON NOTIONS.

They there hold morning and evening service at sunlight,
A.M. and at its loss,^ P.M. and on the Sabbath at the usual
hours : this Chapel is open from morning till evening, daily,
for private devotions, religious counsel, advice or aid, and
for the solemnization of matrimony or for funerals. On the
principal Festivals and Fasts, the Altar services appointed
for the day, together with a sermon, is attended at 12 M.

On each Wednesday and Friday evening, there is a lec-
ture given after the church service ; and baptism is admin-
istered at either of the services of the week, when inconve-
nient for Sunday.

Rev. E. M. P. Wells, Present Rector.

zion's church. 1846.

CORNER OF SUFFOLK AND WALTIIAM STS.

This Society was incorporated by the Legislature in 1838.
The church was built of brick and finished at an expense of
$10,911, (including the sum of $1,575 for land) and conse-
crated Dec. 25th, 1846, as zion's church. Size 60 by 42 1-2
feet. The basement is of stone and has been used as a
school and lecture room. The church is of brick.

Rev. Frederic Schmidt became a member of the Ev.
Lutheran Synod of Pennsylvania in 1835, and received the
order of Licentiate ; was ordained as pastor in 1836, and
installed over this church in March, 1845.

A Sunday School has been kept until quite lately ; but
abolished after due deliberation, henceforth the children
receive religious instruction from the pastor on Wednesday
and Saturday, from 2 to 4 o'clock, P.M.

SOCIETY OF UNIONISTS. 1846.

BROMFIELD STREET.

Win. H. Channing:, Present Pastor.

* This expression may be more correct than Sunrise and Sunset, as no
such occurrence ever took place according to the Scieiice of Astrunouiv.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 373

riRST INDEPENDENT IRISH PROTESTANT. 1846.

chapma:s place.
J. Fisher, Present Pastor.

INDEPENDENT BETHEL. 1847.

FRIEND, CORNER OF DEACON ST.

This Church and Pastor is under the sanction of the
Methodist Protestant Conference for the Boston District : — it
is an independent church, being made up with christians of
different denominations : — Baptism by immersion, belongs
to their creed and profession : — the church was gathered
April 27, 1847; and the same day Ptev. C. W. Denison was
ordained their Pastor : with the privilege of inviting whom
he thinks proper to officiate in the pulpit.

Rev. Charles W. Denison, Present Pastor.

SANDEMANIAN SOCIETY. 1764.

We close an account of the churches of Boston with a no-
tice of the Sandemanian society : the Rev. Robert Sandeman
in Glasgow, Scotland, had been invited by the Ministers and
laity of the colony io visii Boston, and he arrived here Oct.
18th, 1764, and performed religiouo services the next Sab-
bath in Mason's Hall : about 30 persons soon associated as
his society, and convened in a large room in Mr. Edward
Foster's house, ^' in that part of Prince street called black
horse lane; " but as his auditors increased they removed to
Green Dragon Hall : they soon built a meeting house near
the Mill pond and near the present Baldwin Baptist Church,
but which was destroyed by fire on Sunday, April 4th, 1773:
they theti met at Mr, Townsend's in Cross street : — they built
another house on Middle (Hanover) street, where they met
till 1823, when the society was so much reduced in mem-
bers they discontinued the meetings : the building was then
used for a primary school.

374 BOSTON NOTIOKS.

They always had two elders or deacons : Daniel Hmn-
phrey, brother to the Col., was one at an early date, but soon
removed to Danbury, Conn., and afterwards to Portsmouth,
N. H., as District Attorney of the United States : Mr. Sande-
man died at Danbury, April 2d. 1771, aged 53 years.

LONG POND OR COCHITUATE WATER.

In the course of the year 1848 this most desirable of all
things for the inhabitants of Boston will have then arrived;
pure, good, soft and wholesome water and enough of it, for
all the purposes of the household; manufacturing purposes;
for fires and for beautiful fountains : Long Pond is situated
in Natick, Wayland and Fraraingham, 18 miles from the
State House ; the Worcester Rail Road crosses the pond at
its southern-most edge ; the surface of its water is 123 feet
higher than a flood tide of the sea ; — its area is 659 acres; —
greatest depth 69 feet; — length of the pond nearly 4 miles;
— its width variable and crooked : — the line surveyed for an
aqueduct is 20 and l-5th miles ; — from mathematical esti-
mate it is expected to discharge 10,000,000 gallons per day,
through the year if required ; the water from Long Pond to
the reservoir in Brookline, will pass through a conduit of
brick masonry, laid in hydraulic cement ; the width inside
of which, will be five feet, and the height six and one third
feet;— the descending plane will be three inches to the
mile; — distance from Long pond to the reservoir in Brook,
ine is 15 miles ; * — from thence the water will be conveyed
by two iron pipes or mains, 30 inches diameter, to a Reser-
voir on Beacon Hill to hold 2,500,000 gallons, and from that
reservoir, iron pipes from four to thirty inches diameter, will
convey the water through the principal streets, a length of
62 miles ; the size of the pipes to be regulated according to
the probable quantity of water required to flow through

*At this reservoir, Uia water will be up\va«"(.l.s of 100 feet above the level of
the sea.

Boston Notionsj

page 374.

BOSTON NOTIONS, 375

ihem : by the side of the main pipe will be laid a small
service pipe 6 inches diameter, from which the water will be
taken by small iron pipes, to the several houses : the object
of this small pipe, is to prevent interruption to the mains,
when a new tenant is to be supplied; the whole length of
iron pipe is computed a1 62 miles for the city, and including
that from the Brookline reservoir, it will be 64 miles ; — there

I will be 600 fire plugs at conveaient distances apart, for ex-
tinguishing fires ■ and in most parts of the City, a hoze being

I affixed to it, wil' force the water to the roofs of the houses ; —

\ it is proposed that each tenant will be at the expense of con.
veying the water from the curb stone to tiis house ; — the es-

j timates of 1845, for bringing die water to Beacon Hill, made

' the cost $1,681,599.00 and the cost of distributing it through
the city, should be added to that, but for which no estimates
as yet. Iiave been made that we know of; there will also be

I 733 stop-cocks to shut off the water, whenever alterations or

, repairs shall be required.

I The ground was first broken for laying the conduit, Aug.

j 20, 1846, with public ceremonies : about 7-8ths of of the dis-
tance for laying the conduit is excavated and cleared of
earth, and about two miles of the brick masonry completed ;
and about 7 miles of iron pipe has been laid in the city : the
grand work is progressing with all possible rapidity, and the
prospects are, that in 1848, it will be about completed.

THE ADAMS HOUSE, a Splendid public Building, built m 1846,
No. 371 Washington St. is here represented by an engraving.

EMINENT PLACES IN THE VICINITY OF BOSTON.
A GUIDE TO THE STRANGER.

A jaunt to the city of Cambridge, three miles west of the
city Hall over Cambridge bridge, will afford gratification in
viewing the buildings, halls, and literary edifices of Har-
vard University, to which is attached a well cherished Bo-
tanic Garden and an establishment for an Observatory : the
embosomed groves for the college grounds, are admirably
adapted for the health and enjoyment of the students.

376 . BOSTON NOTIONS.

For nourishing the inward man, a mile north of the Univer-
sity is a public house where Porter is " mine host," and
there no fault is ever found with the fare or gentlemanly
treatment.

For a genteel watering place, Fi csh Pond Hotel, situated a
mile and a quarter west from the University, and 4 1-2 miles
west of Boston, has long been famed : the pond covers a sur-
face of 182 1-2 acres, and in winter, furnishes at least 1000
tons of ice to the acre, for shipping and domestic uses ; and
in summer it is a beautiful sheet of water to sail over, fish
or bathe in; and the house as kept by Mr. Willard, affords
all the light luxuries of the season : — with sail-boats, bowl-
ing alleys and swings.

Half a mile south of Fresh Pond, is the celebrated Mou^'t
Auburn Cemetery; and totally indifferent to all the beau-
ties of nature and of art, must be that mind if not delighted
with making there a visit : and fronting the gate of the cem-
etery is a well conducted house for entertainment.

One mile west-north-west of Mt. Auburn, and 5 1-2 from
Boston, is Mr. Cushing's princely garden of 117 acres, wheie
the grounds are cultivated in the Eastern style of gorgeous-
ness and beauty; with hot houses graduated to produce
flovvers, figs, grapes, and oranges through the year: this
estate is within the boundary line of Watertown, and to the
south of it, two miles, is the thickly settled part of the town;
and there the Springfield public house, kept by John Wilson,
and the Watertown House kept by Weeden Biide, will be
found all the requisites to tickle the palate and nourish the
body : the beautiful farms in this town and vicinity, are the
pride of the country ; its fine country seats, rural and culti-
vated beauties, with the noble Charles river on its south line ;
the United States Arsenal, &;c.

West of Watertown about 4 miles, and distant from Boston
11, is Waltham, eminent for well cultivated farms, retired
country seats, and various manufactories: the Prospect
House by L. Smith, and the Central House, by Paige, affords
the best quality and greatest variety of " good feed for man
'and beast:" the river Charles courses by its southern line,
affording mill sites and conveniences for manufactories of
various articles of merchandize.

Two miles east of Waltham. and 9 miles from Boston, lies
Newton, famed for its Upper and Lower Falls ; Iron works ;
Manufactories; Academy; Public and private flower gar-

>\CRXVFn lOR BOSTON NOTIONS

WHtWiDea rborn

BOSTON NOTIONS. 377

dens, and well cultivated farms : the public houses are the
Nonaiitnm House, by J. R. Robinson; Rail Road House by
Mr. Snow ; and Lower Falls Hotel by Nath. Wales.

Adjoining Newton on the east is i3righton, 5 miles from
Boston ; celebrated for its Fairs, Cattle shows, and a Market
every Monday, for the sale of thousands of animals ; their
fine grazing grounds, and a number of well conducted public
houses : Brighton Hotel is kept by Mr. Curdy, and Cattle
Fair Hotel by Mr. Wilson ; through which town, the Wor-
cester Rail Cars pass.

Adjoining Brighton on the south-east is Brookline, 4 miles
from Boston : a very handsome village : the Punch Bowl
Tavern is kept by Ebenezer Wetherell.

Ne.Mt southeast of Brookline, is the beautiful garden city
of Roxbury, with its Jamaica Plains and Pond ; splendid
mansions, villas, many public and private flower gardens,
I extending a distance of 7 miles to Dedham : the whole area
,1 richly cultivated : Grove Hall formerly the country seat of
'1 the late T. K. Jones, is a fashionable public place of resort,
j as is also the Norfolk House : — adjoining Roxbury on its
I south-east is ancient Dorchester, whose north line unites with
I Boston, and its south-west with Dedham : on its south-
east line flows the Neponset river : the lands here are un-
even, at some places 380 feet above the sea : they have ma-
ny fine country seats and farms : Savin Hill Hotel kept
bp Joseph Tulile, on the eastern shore, is a fine place for re-
freshments ; three miles from the City Hall, Boston : —
Squantum Beach on the north peak of Quincy, where the
yearly feast of shells is held, is two miles east of Savin Hill
by water : — the Old Colony Rail Road is at the base of the
hill ; and Dorchester Omnibusses from 153 W^ashington St.,
Boston, arrive and depart every half hour; fare 12 1-2 cents:
Quincy unites with the south-east line of Dorchester, famous
for its granite rocks, some 500 feet high ; Quincy Hotel is
kept by George French : — Quincy has furnished two Presi-
dents of the United States: — the Old Colony rail-road passes
through the town and a stage from Boston every dav, at
4 P. M.

' On the north of Boston are many fine Towns, that our lim-
its do not permit more than a mere mention of: the busy
and handsome lown of Medford, 4 miles from Boston, whose
hospitality and enterprize vie with each other for preemi-
nence— and where the traveller is made comfortable at a

378 BOSTON NOTIONS.

well conducted public house : and next is Maiden, a grow-
ing and pfosperous place ; and Somerville having severed it-
self from Charlestown, fresh and fair as a young bride in her
hopes and beauty, invites a company through life's scenes,
and where creation appears as fair as in more ancient places:
— and next we hail the honored matron, Charlestown, whose
escutcheon has been guarded for upv^ards of two centuries
with the simple habiliment of a '■• township " authority, has
secured all now under the strong powers of a City Key ;
thus making the fourth City within an area of four miles ;
the Navy Yard with the dry dock for receiving Ships of War
high and dry for repairs, is a grand work of stone masonry ;
and the lofty monument on Breed's (Bunker) Hill, 220 feet
high, is a record of the noble defence made by the " rebel
yankeys " June 17th, 1775, to three times their own num-
bers of veteran British red coats, under Gen, Gage : — the
State's Prison is on the v/est edge of this place, where the
only spring of water at ebb of tide, supplied the emigrants
in 1630 with a cooling drink.

A famous fish house at South Boston, a little west of the
City lot, is kept by Watkins and Walker.

At Point Shirley 4 1-2 miles from Boston an excellent fish
house is under the management of P. F. Dascomb.

At Nahant 8 1-3 miles from Boston N. East, are two excel-
lent houses, one called the "Nahant Hotel"' a very large
and convenient building under the management of Mr. Phin-
eas Drew; the barrenness of the soil at this part of of the
peninsula of Nahant, resists any extensive foliage, and if one
is not under the shade of the porticos of the Hotel, or beneath
the brow of the wild and precipitous Rocks, the heat from
the sun is "prodigious": about 3-4 of a mile westward of
the Hotel on the part termed Little Nahant, another house
shaded with trees and with most of the facilities for pleasure
that are attached to the Hotel ; Albert Whitney has held the
sceptre of " mine host," for many years and by a look at his
record book of visitants, they have "' not been few or far be-
tween." A private boarding house is also in the neighbor-
hood kept by Mr. Jesse Rice.

Phillips Beach 14 miles from Boston by water and 12 miles
by land, north-east-by-north line, a first rate house lately
opened by Mr. David Haggerston and the Ocean house by
Mr. Alker, 1 1-2 miles apart.

minot's ledge lighthouse. page 379.

It was commenced building in 1847 ; in 1849 it was
completed, and Jan, 1, 1850, tirst lighted : it was sup-
ported by 8 iron cylinder pillars, equa-distant from each
other on a circle of 25 feet diameter, with an additional
upright center shaft, each varying in length from. 60 to
63 feet, all securely affixed in the drilled rock, at five
feet depth. It is supposed that a wave 60 feet in height,
on Wednesday night, April 16, 1851, struck the lower
room of the two under-keepers, at about 10 o'clock,
and swept them ofi" with the whole superstructure, by
breaking oft the iron pillars at various distances, a few
feet above the rock. This lighthouse was erected on
the outermost of the Cohasset Rocks, 20 miles distant,
S. E. from Boston — the cap of the lantern being about
83 feet from the rock surface, at a cost of about $33,000.
The propriety of economising on building a light-
house, but illy contrasts with an expenditure of two
millions for a Custom House.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 379

Nantasket Beach 7 3-4 miles from Boston; as early as 1647
this place was of considerable importance and gave men of
sterling worth for public offices and employment : on one of
its hills is a well 90 feet deep which at times is nearly full
of fresh water ; a good public house is kept by Mr. Warrick.

Marblehead 18 miles from Boston by water and 16 by
land, north-east line ; Rail-Road House in the village kept by
-James 0. Brown.

Cohasset Rocks south-east from Boston 15 miles from Long
wharf by water and 23 by land : the Norfolk House kept by
P. Bates is spoken well of, and in Cohasset Village the Com-
mercial House by T. Morey bears a title to the confidence of
the travelling community.

Sagamore Hill 1 1 1-4 miles from Long w^harf on the south-
east, on Nantasket Beach by water, and 22 miles by land, the
Rockland House by N. Ripley, Jr. and the Beach House by
L. Leavitt are in high repute.

George's Island 6 1-2 miles, south-east from Boston, has
been ceeded to the United States Government and on which
it has built one of the strongest and best constructed forts in
the world: for 10 years the work has been progressing and is
yet unfinished ; there is something uncommonly imposing
and grand, possesses the beholder on viewing such a mass of
human labor expended within the confined limits of such an
Island.

Castle Island, Fort Independence, which for a series of
years was appropriated for the confinement of burglars and
convicts at nail making, and where the noted Stephen Bur-
roughs exercised his ingenuity in making three nails per day
and throwing the rest of the material into the well to deceive
his keepers, that Island has on it, one of the best built forts
on the continent : this Island has been celebrated in our
annals from the earliest date of the settlement of Boston as
bearing a part in most of its public concerns; in protecting
the town, and protecting the Crown officers from the town,
the residence of convicts; and at last, a decided good position
and place for the protection of our harbor and the flag which
waves over it.

Hingham which is 12 miles by water and 14 by land from
Boston, on a south-east-by-sou th line, is one of the finest wa-
tering places near Boston : the Old Colony House by Mr.
Brvaat on the hill near the landing, is situated like the Na-

>•

380 BOSTON NOTIONS.

hant Hotel, where there is but little shrubbery or trees, but
at 3-4 of a mile west of that Hotel, are two houses shaded
with foliage from large oaks and elms, cool and comfortable,
and where travellers and visitors are always refreshed with
the comforts and hospitalities of the obliging landlords, Mr.
Isaac Little of the Union House, and J. M. Wilkins at the
Wompatuck House. Hingham is a remarkably healthy
place, combining an agreeable union of the salt air with that
over the land, and the society there is safe ; and satisfaction
is partaken of among the people, if that can be enjoyed any
where.

Spectacle Island 3 & 5-8 miles distant from Long wh. in a
south-east direction, a house for entertainment is kept by Mr.
George Woodroife, with the usual supplies for a good fish
house.

Little Hog Island, between Nantasket and Bumpkin Island,
is set down at page 69 in part of our edition, at 3 7-8 miles
from Long wharf, it should have been 8 7-8 miles.

Chelsea Beach 2 miles by land and about 8 miles by water:
in the village is the Chelsea House, kept by Jonathan Bow-
ditch and in North Chelsea, on the point of Pines, is the Rob-
inson Crusoe House, kept by Tapley and Twombly, and
the Neptune House is under the management of Messrs.
Bryant & Bancroft, about a mile south of the Robinson Cru-
soe house.

Deer Island : be it remembered that this year, 1847, the
city authorities of the city of Boston built three large two
story wooden buildings on this island for the accomodation
of the Irish emigrants who landed here to the number of
10,046 from Jan. to July, many of them impoverished and
sick: and administered to their wants in every necessary cir-
cumstance and condition : and how different was the fare for
the first emigrants to the same place, in 1630; when they-
hardly had tents for their then covering in the open air, and
their food was muscles and the wild growths of nature, to
subsist on ; no orchards, and the water brackish and foul, and
but little of that ; and they became so sickly that there
were hardly enough well to take care of the sick ; but they
were a sober, industrious people, and quickly hoed their
own rows of potatoes and corn, and were grateful for every
blessing from a kind providence ; well may New England
be proud of the sturdy and noble race from which they
sprang : the donations from Boston for the purposes of Theo-

BOSTON NOTIONS^ 381

logical education, for forty years, has been $"1,120,219.75:
for other purposes of instruction, $1,161,128.16 : for Charita-
ble purposes; $2,272,990.51; and for miscellaneous objects,
$438,321.39 :— total $4, 992, 659.81; these were public do-
nations : the more under current of private contributions,
have been estimated to have been as much more — or in all,
not much short of $10,000,000, generously parted with by its
owners for the benefit of others and the satisfaction of doing
a public or private good ; and thus has Boston ever been so
generous, that we may. freely unite in sentiment with In-
crease Mather " that for charity, he might indeed speak it
' without flattery, that this town hath not many equals on the
^face of the earth."

In Scituate harbor, about 18 miles by water and 23 by
land, on a south-east line from Boston, is a public house kept
by Thomas Jefferson Curtis, and another the Cyclades, by
Mr. Hayden, on the north east part.

Weymouth by land 11 miles from Boston, on a south-east
by-south-line ; a house there dispenses bodily comforts un-
der the care of Mr. A. B. Wales.

Hull, near Point Alderton, is about 8 miles by w^ater and
near 27 miles by land from Boston on a south-east-by-^ast di-
rection ; a public house is there kept by Mr. Moses B. Tower.

SOCIETIES.
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION.

Daniel Sharp, D.D. President. Rev. Rollin H. Neale,
Recording Secretary. Rooms, 17 Joy's building,

AMERICAN EDUCATION SOCIETY.

Lewis Strong, President. John Tappan, (with 32 honorary
Vice Presidents in different States,) Vice President. Office
No. 15 Coinhill.

AMERICAN UNITARIAN ASSOCIATION.

Rev. Charles Biiggs, General Secretary. S. K. Lothrop
Assistant Secretary. Depository 111 Washington Street. '

AMERICAN BOARD OF COMMIS. FOR FOREIGN MISSIONS

Henry Hill, Treasurer. Missionary house 33 Pemberton sq.

AMERICAN TRACT SOCIETY, BOSTON.

John Tappan, President. Rev. Seth Bliss, Secretary and
General Agent. Geo. Denny, Treas. Depos. 28 Cornhill.

BENEVOLENT FRATERNITY OF CHURCHES.

Henry B. Rogers, President. Thomas Tarbell, Treasurer.
Rev. R. C. Waterston, Secretary. Rev. S. K. Lothrop,
Benj. Seavefj Executive Committee.

382 BOSTON NOTIONS.

BOSTON ACADEMY OF MUSIC. See page 287.
Samuel A. Eliot, President. Luther S. Gushing, Record-
ing Secretary, George E. Head, Corresponding Secretary.
Benjamin Perkins, Treasurer. "Benj. F. Fdmands, Librarian.

BOARD OF MIJ^SIONS OF THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH,
DIOCESE OF MASS.

The Rev. Manton Eastburn, D.D. Rev. Charles Mason,
Henry Yl. Lee, C. M. Butler, N. T. Bent, Joseph H.
Clinch, A. L. Baury, Geo, M. Randall, of the clergy, Wm.
Appleton, James BarneSj and Amos A. Lawrence, Esq. of
the laity,

BOSTON ASYLUM AND FARM SCHOOL FOR INDIGENT BOYS.

Theodore Lyman, President ; Moses Grant, Vice Presi-
(flent; George H, Kuhn, Secretary; J. L Bowditch, Treasu-
rer ; Moses Grant, B, A. Gould, Rev. R. C. Waterston, Com-
mittee on admission. See page 173.

BOSTON ATHENiEUM.

Instituted 1804 ; incorporated 1807. See page 195.

BOSTON BENEFIT SOCIETY.

D. Humphreys Storer, M.D., President. Robert B. Lin-
coln, Vice President.

. BOSTON CHILDRENS' FRIEND SOCIETY.

Mrs. Thomas Baldwin, President ; Mrs. Thomas P. Gush-
ing, Secretary ; Mrs. Lewis Lerow, Treasmer,

BOSTON FATHERLESS AND WIDOWS' SOCIETY.

Mrs. James F, Baldwin, President.

BOSTON FEMALE ORPHAN ASYLUM. See page 233.

Mrs. William Prescott, First Directress.

BOSTON LYCEUM.

Josiah Quincy, jr. President. Charles WorthingtoUj Re-
cording Secretary.

BOSTON MARINE SOCIETY.

Robert B. Forbes, President; Richard Soule, Vice Pres-
ident • Robert B. Edes ; Secretary ; Thomas Lamb,
Treasurer. ; Isaiah M. Atkins, J. G. Dickinson, Jairus B.
Lincoln, Willis Howes, John Doak, Committee of Relief;
J. G. Dickinson, Isaiah M. Atkins, Robert B. Edes, Port
Wardens.

BOSTON MEDICAL DISPENSARY. See page 229.

Apothecaries. Chas. K. Whipple, 109 Washington st.,
up stairs ; Charles IMead, corner Turnpike and Fourth sts. y
James Kidder, Maverick square, East Boston.

BOSTON PORT SOCIETY. See page 231.

Albert Fearing, President; J. A. Andrew, Secretary;
Charles Henry Parker, Treasurer.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 383

BOSTON_SEAl\TEN'S AID SOCIETY. Pee page 231.
" 'g, . ■ ' - -

retary ; Miss Ann E. Coffin, Treasurer.

BOSTON SEAMEN'S FRIEND SOCIETY. See page 230.

Henry Edwards, President; F. A, Benson, Secretary;
Tliomas D. Quincy, Treasurer.

BOSTON SOCIETY FOR AIDING DISCHARGED CONVICTS.

Walter Cfianning, President ; Louis Dwight, Vice Pres.

BOSTON SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY. See page 200.

Araos Binney, President; Thomas Bulfinch, Recording
Secretary; Patrick T. Jackson, jr. Treasurer; Charles K.
Dillaway, Librarian. Room Savings Bank building, Tre-
mont street.

BOWDITCH LIBRARY.

No. 8 Otis Place. See page 199.

CHILDREN'S INFIRMARY. No. 71G Washington street.

Patients received between the ages of two and fifteen.
J. Jackson, M. D. J. Ware, M. J). Consulting Physicians ;
Wm. R. Lawrence, M.D. Physician.

HANDEL AND HAYDN SOCIETY. See page -301.
HOWARD BENEVOLENT SOCIETY See page 2.34

Moses Grant, President ; Artemas Simonds, Secretary ;
Thomas Tarbell, Treasurer.

HUMANE SOCIETY OF MASS. See page 202.

Instituted 1786. Incorporated 1791.

MASS. ANTI SLAVERY SOCIETY.

Francis Jackson, President; Edmund Quincy, Secretary;
Robert F. Wallcut, Recording Secretary. Office 21 Cornhill.

MASSACHUSETTS BIBLE SOCIETY. Incorporated 1S09.

John Pierce, D. D. President; John Codman, D. D. Vice
President. Bible Depository 6 Liberty square.

MASS. CHARITABLE EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY.

Robert G. Shaw, President ; G. Howland Shaw, Secretary;
J. W. Edmands, Treasurer ; Drs. Edward Reynolds, Robert
W. Hooper, George A. Bethune, Surgeons. The Institution
receives patients into the house. Infirmary corner of Green
and Pitts streets.

MASS. CHARITABLE FIRE SOCIETY. Institued 1794. See p. 202.

Ebenezer T. Andrews, President; James Phillips, Vice
President; A. W. Thaxter, Treasurer; S. F. McCleary,
Corresponding Sec'y ; James W. Burditt, Recording Sec'y.
6*

384 BOSTON NOTIONS.

MASS. CHARITABLE MECHANIC ASSOCIATION. See pasre 20!?.
George G. Smith, President; Wm. Eaton, Vice Presi-
dent ; Osmyn Brewster, Treasurer ; John Kuhn, Secretary.

MASS. COLONIZATION SOCIETY.

Rev, Joseph Tracy of Boston, Secretary and Agent. Office
Joy's building.

MASS. GENERAL HOSPITAL. See page 240.

Wm. Appleton, President ] Theodore Lyman, Vice Pres.

MASS. HISTORICAL SOCIETY. See pasre 104.

Hon. James Savage, President; Joseph Willard, Esq.
Recording Secretary ; Rev. Charles Lowell, Corresponding
Secretary; Rev. J. B. Felt, Librarian. Rooms, Savings
bank building, Tremont st.

MASS. HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

Leonard Woods, D.D. President ; Rev. Joseph S. Clark,
Secretary; Benj. Perkins, Treasurer. Office 28 Cornhill.

MASS. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. See pape 293.

M. P. Wilder, President; B. V. French, Jonathan Win-
ship, Cheever Newhall, E. M. Richards, Vice Presidents ;
J. Tescheraacher, Corresponding Secretary ; Edward C. R.
Walker, Recording Secretary ; Samuel Walker, Treasurer.
Rooms School street.

MASS. SABBATH SCHOOL SOCIETY.

Samuel T. Armstrong, President ; Rev. Asa Bullard,
Secretary; C. C. Dean, Treasurer. Depository 13 Cornhill.

MECHANIC APPRENTICES LIBRARY.

Thomas Hills, President ; Stephen R. Niles, Vice Presi-
dent. See page 199.

MERCANTILE IJBRARY ASSOCIATION.

Thomas J. Allen, President; Thomas H. Lord, Recording
Secretary. See page 199.

SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION OF PAUPERISM.

Moses Grant, President. 3 Tremont Temple.

N. E. HISTORIC GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY.

Charles Ewer, President; Lemuel Shattuck, Vice Pres-
ident; Wm. H. Montague, Treasurer; Samuel H. Riddel,
Recording Secretary ; Samuel G. Drake, Corresponding
Secretary ; Edmund H. Dearborn, Librarian ; Rev. Wm.
Cogswell, D.D. editor of the Society's Periodical. Room 21
Court square. They publish a valuable quarterly periodical,
^2.00 per year.

NORTPIERN BAPTIST EDUCATION SOCIETY.

Baron Stow President; Richard Fletcher, Isaac Davis,
Vice Presidents. Rooms 13 Joy's building.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 385

ODD FELLOWS LODGES.

Place and time of meeting of lodges and encampments in
Boston. Office of the Grand Lodge, 21 School st.

Withrop Hall, 1 1-2 Tremont Row. Massachusetts, No. 1
Monday; Shawmut, No. 37, Tuesday; Montezuma, No.
33, Wednesday; Pacifick, No. 42, Thursday; Franklin, No.
23 Friday.

Covenant Hall, corner of Washington and Essex Streets.
Covenant, No. 16 Monday ; Suffolk, No. 8, Tuesday; Orien-
tal, No. 10. Wednesday; Siloam, No. 2, Thursday; Boston,
No. 25, Friday; Union Degree, No. 1, Saturday.

Encampment Hall, 33 Washington St. Ancient Land-
mark, No. 32, Monday; Unity, No.77 Tues. ; Tremont, No.
15, Wed.; Massasoit Encampment, No. 1, 1st and 3d Friday.

Oasis Hall, Chapman Place. Trimount Encampment, No.
2, 1st and 3d Monday.

Harmony Hall, corner of Cross and Hanover Sts. Com-
mercial Lodge, No. 97, Monday.

Brooks Hall, Broadway, S.B. Bethesda, No. 30, Monday;
Hobah, No. 53 Friday; Mt. Washington Encampment, No.
6, 2d and 4th Thursdays.

East Boston. Maverick, No. 36, Monday; Maverick De-
gree, No. 2, Friday.

RECIIABITES.

Name of Tents, and Places of Meeting,
Covenant, No. 1, Monday, c. West and Washington Sts,
Philanthropic, No. 39, Wednesday, Crystal Fount Hall,
Cross Street. Winthrop, 127, Tuesday, Crystal Fount Hall,
Cross St. United Brothers, No. 58, Wednesday. Bay State
Hall, c. Washington and Boylston Sts. Massasoit, No. 38,
Friday; East Boston. Harmony, No. 78, Tuesday, S. Boston,

SONS OF TEMPERANCE.

The Grand Div. of Mass. meets at Union hall, 335 Wash-
ington St. on the 3d Wed. of Oct., Jan., April and July.

J. Warren Appleton, Grand Scribe. Office at BromfielJ
hall, Bromfield st.

Washington, No. 1, Tuesday, 335 Washington St. — Boston,
No. 3, Thursday, 335 Washington St.— Excelsior, No. 16,
Wednesday, 335 Washington St.— Friendship, No. 19, Wed-
nesday, South Boston. North Star, No. 23, Friday, Crystal
Fount Hall, Cross St. Mount Horeb, No. 25, Wednesday,
E. Boston. Old Bay State, No. 32, Tuesday, East Boston.
Sliakspeare, No. 46, Saturday, 335 Washington St.

386 BOSTON NOTIONS.

TEMPLES OF HONOR.

Grand Temple, meet semi-annually, in May and Novem-
ber. Trimomit Temple, No. 1, every other Friday, at 335
Washington St. Washington Temple, No. 4, every other
Monday evening, at Boylston hall, corner Washington St.

THE PERKINS INSTITUTION ANT) MASS. ASYLUM FOR BLIND.

Instituted 1831. Located at S. Boston ; office 152 Wash-
ington St. Richard Fletcher, President; Edward Brooks,
Vice President ; Thomas B.Wales, Jr. Treasurer; Samuel
G. Howe, Director and Secretary. Terms of admission, $160
per annum for board, washing, books, &c. For particulars,
address S. G. Howe, Boston.

WASHINGTON TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY.

Head quarters Bromfield Hall, Brom field St. Wm. R.
Stacy, President; George B. Proctor, Secretary.

YOUNG MEN'S BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.

James Tolman, President ; Henry Grew, Vice President.

SUFFOLK SAVINGS BANK FOR SEAMEN AND OTHERS.
See page 242.

Office Museum Building. Open daily, from 9 to 1 o'clock
P.M. Deposits received and payments made daily.

Thomas Lamb, President. Henry Edwards, Vice Pres-
ident. Charles H. Parker, Secretary. Samuel H. Walley,
jr. Treasurer.

SAMUEL ADAMS.

WITH AN ENGRAVED LIKENESS.

With the names of Washiii^ton, .lefTerson and Franklin, stands insepara-
bly that of Samuel Adams ; and they form tog-ether the brightest constellation
which illmnines the revolutionary annals of our country.

Samuel Adams was one of the most remarkable men our country ever pro-
duced : there was scarcely any o'.ie important event during the struggle for
the liberties of this country, but with which he was connected: he was born
in Boston Sept. 22;\., 1722 : his father (see page 318,) one of the originators^'
of the Church on Church Green, was son of John Adams of Braintree ; and
he was son of Joseph Adams of Braintree ; and he was one of eight sons of
Henry Adams who came to New England about the year 1630 : as no work
to our knowledge denotes the relationship of the two great Adams' of 1776,

TJie last of thi> Puritans.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 387

it may be of some interest to state that the grand-fathers of John Adams tho
President, and Samuel Adams the Governor; were brothers.

No male posterity survives Samuel Adams ; his only son studied medicine
with the renowned Warren, and served as a surgeon in the Army, and died
without progeny (sine prole.) The father of Governor Adams, was a Repre-
sentative from Boston to the general court for many years : also a Justice of
the Peace and a Selectman : he possessed considerable wealth, and was
much respected and esteemed : the son, was prepared for entering Harvard
University by Master Lovell at the Latin Grammar School, where he was an
attentive scholar; and during his collegiate term he had but one fine, and that
was for over sleeping a morning prayer : he entered College in 1736, and
graduated in 1740 : on taking the degree of Master of Arts in 1743, he sup-
ported the affirmative of the question : "whether it be lawful to resist the
supreme magistrate, if the Commonwealth cannot be otherwise preserved :"
and in this collegiate exercise, furnished direct evidence of his notions of lib-
erty : on leaving College, he commenced the study of Law, but with a mother's
persuasions he relinquished that, and entered the counting house of the pat-
riotic Thomas Cushing; and in a little time entered into those pursuits for
himself: but owing to some mis-management and the failure of a friend, to
whom he had entrusted more than one half of the property he had received
from his father, he lost his whole capital; trading pursuits never captured his
undivided attention : politics was his delight and he formed a club, each
member of which was to furnish an essay on political subjects, and they obr
tained the cognomen of " the whippmg-post-club : " at the age of 25, his
father died, and being the eldest son, the care of the family and management
of the estate devolved on him ; yet in all these concerns he was swayed by
his main propensity for politics : he was strongly opposed to governor Shirley
because he thought the union of the civil and military power concentrated in
one man was dangerous to the liberties of the people : — In 1763, the British
government commenced to tax the colonies ; Mr. Adams with four others
were deputed by the people of Boston to draft instructions to the Representa-
tives on public affairs; which were written by him and accepted by the peo-
ple : the most material circumstance was then broached and for the first time,
denying the right of the Crown to tax the colonies without their own
consent : he said, " This annihilates our charter-rights ; it strikes at our
British privileges which we have never forfeited : if taxes are to be laid upon
us in any shape, without our having a legal representative where they are
laid, we are reduced from the character of free subjects to that of tributary
slaves : " in 1764, he belonged to a private political club where decisive
measures originated which gave a secret spring and impulse to the public
movements : — in 1765, he was elected a Representative from Boston to the
General Court, and from that time throughout the revolutionary struggle he
was one of the most unwearied, efficient and disinterested supporters of
American rights aiid National Independence : to him is the nation indebted

388 BOSTON NOTIONS.

for the idea of assembling the first Congress in New York, which but ten.
years afterwards formed the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, and event-
ually the union and confederacy of the thirteen Colonies, and Independence
and Liberty for the whole : to him must be awarded the plan of the non-im-
portation system which he pursuaded nearly all the merchants to adopt and
adhere to : soon after being a member of the house, he was elected Clerk
with a small salary, but that was of some importance to him as a pecuniary
matter : the people found him to be one of the steadiest of their supporters,
and the Crown officers were convinced that he was one of their most inveter-
ate opponents : when his character was known in England, and also that he
was fur from being in affluent circumstances, they resorted to their usual
method, where the clamorous become troublesome, to quiet them with some
good fat office ; and this was adopted with Samuel Adams : but Governor
Hutchinson answered an inquiring letter on the subject from England, saying^
" such is the obstinacy and inflexible disposition of the man that he can never
be conciliated by any office or gift whatever : " this account was received in
England with a ludricous kind of incredulity, evidently occasioned by a con-
fusion of ideas at the anomaly of such a disposition compared with the person-
al and daily experience of all around them : in consequence of this, the office
of Clerk to the House was taken from liim ; as he cliose rather to subsist by
individual or common beneficence, than to sacrifice the cause of liberty and
the interests of the people : — in 1770, a large body of soldiers ^vere quartered
in Boston (see page 131,) which aroused his hidignation and his determined
manner before Hutchinson and Gage, (page 134) caused the troops to be re-
moved from Boston.

The formation of committees of correspondence between the different colo-
nies has always been looked upon as one of the leading and most important
causes, of the revolution and its glorious results ; the origin of such measures
after their excellence becomes developed, is naturally claimed by those in
whose minds they were first conceived, and it is often difficult to settle with
satisfaction and fairness, the claims of contending genius : this has been the
case in the present instance : Virginia claims for her great statesman, Richard
Henry Lee, equal merit with Massachusetts tor her Samuel Adams, and in-
deed the private correspondence of both which has come to light, seems to
establish the fact, that both these patriotic statesmen had been long reflecting
on the causes and effects of parliamentary powers and prerogatives, and each
in his own state proposed measures wliich were approved of by the people •
the formation of these committees of correspondence was adopted in Boston
town meeting in the latter part of the year 1772, where it was suggested and
carried through by Samuel Adams.

In 1773, Governor Gage sent a confidential verbal message to the patriot by
Colonel Fenton, stating " that his conduct had been such as made him liable
'to the penalties of an Act of Henry VIII. by which persons could be sent to
' England for trial of treason, or misprision of treason ; but by changing his

BOSTON NOTIONS. 389

'political course he would receive great personal advantages and make peace

* with his King ; " Mr. Adams listened to the message, and then asked the
Colonel if he would truly deliver his repl_v as it would be given ; after some
hesitancy he agreed : Mr. Adams required his word of honor, which was
■pledged : — then rising from his chair, he said in a determined manner ; " I
' trust I have long since made my peace with the kIxNG of kixgs ; no per"
' sonal consideration shall induce me to abandon the righteous cause of my

* Country : tell Governor Gage, it is the advice of Samuel Adams to
' HIM, no longer to insult the feelings of an exasperated people;" — thus he

.pursued the great and mighty object of his soul, the liberties of his country,
fearless of personal consequences : marked out for ministerial vengeance
and suffering under pecuniary embarrasments : Gage then issued a proclama-
tion of pardon to all persons in opposition to the Crown, but Samuel Adams
and John Hancock, "whose offences" said the proclamation, "are of too
' flagitious a nature to admit of any other consideration but that of condign

* punishment,"— the persecutions of the royalists served only to strengthen
the patriots, giving encouragement to the resolute and spirited, and determi-
nation to the timid : — whenever Mr. Adams perceived the Legislature luke-
warm for even halfway measures, he exerted all his influence and talents to
carry them through with a different result : the House was in such a state at
a critical time for deputing delegates to the Congress at Philadelphia : he ad-
dressed his friend Mr. Warren of Plymouth ; "do you keep the committee in

* play, and I will go and make a caucus by the time the evening arrives, and
I 'do you meet me." Mr. Adams secured a meeting of about five of the princi-
pal members at the time specified, and repeated his endeavors the second and
third niglits when they numbered over thirty : the administration not knowing
anything on the subject; the popular leaders took the sense of the members
in a private way, and found they would be able to carry their measures in the
House : they prepared the whole plan, resolutions, &c., and then determined

I to carry them through: before they commenced, they ordered the doorkeeper
I to let no one in, or suffer anyone to depart: the subjects were then intro-
I duced by Mr. Adams, with his usual eloquence on such great occasions; he
[was chairman of the Committee and reported resolutions for the appointment
jof delegates to a general Congress, to be convened at Philadelphia, to consult
I on the safety of America : this report was received with surprise and aston-
jishment by the administration party, and such was the apprehension of
some, that they were apparently desirous to desert the question : the door-
keeper seemed uneasy at Ms charge and wavering in the duty assigned to
him : at this moment Mr. Adams relieved him by taking the key and keep-
ing it himself: the resolutions were passed and five delegates (page 147,) ap-
pointed for the Continental Congress : but before the business was finally
closed, a member made a plea of indisposition, and on being allowed to leave
Ihe house, went directly to the Governor and informed him of their high hand-
led proceedings : the governor immediately sent his Secretary to dissolve ili8

390 BOSTON NOTIONS.

assembly, and on finding the door locked, demanded entrance, and was an-
swered, that his desire could not be complied with until some important busi«
ness before the house was concluded : finding every method to gain admil-
tance ineffectual, he read the order on the stairs, for an immediate dissolution
of the assembly: the order was however disregarded by the house: they
continued their deliberations until every measure was accomplished, and
they then obeyed the mandate for a dissolution.

Mr. Adams took his seat in the first Contiiiental Congress at Philadelphia,
Sept. 5th, 1774, and continued a member of that body until 1781 : to trace
him in all the important duties which he performed in that long interval,
would involve a record of all that was done in that august body. Mr. Gordon
speaks of him in 1774 as having for a long time whispered to his confidential
friends, " that the country must be independent."

After Mr. Adams retired from Congress, he continued to receive from his
native state new proofs of her sense of his services ; by appointments to offices
of the highest trust : — he had been a member of the convention for forming
the state constitution and on the committee by which it was drafted ; and on
that which framed the address with which it was presented to the people : he
afterwards became successively a member of the senate ; president of that
body, and a member of the convention assembled for the ratification of the
Federal constitution ; in which duty he prepared several amendments which
met the approbation of the Convention, and some of them were afterwards
incorporated in the constitution itself: his particular speeches have not been
preserved, or we should have had the valuable comments of a strong
mind improved by great experience, on questions deeply interesting to society
at this date : his letters however, are mostly preserved and are well worthy
the attention of the politicians of our own times.

Mr. Adams' private habits were simple, frugal and unostentatious ; this led
him to despise the luxury, pomp and parade of the officers of the crown ; his
tenets caused him to loathe the church of England, and his detestation of roy-
alty and the priviledged classes, no one could feel more keenly : the motives
of his action were not the sudden ebullition of temper nor a transient impulse
of resentment ; but by a deliberate consideration with an unyielding determi-
nation : that there was a tinge of bigotry in his religion and politics, they do
aver ; and one of his colleagues, who knew him well, and esteemed him
highly, described him with good natured exaggeration, as follows. " Samuel
"Adams would have the State of Massachusetts govern the Union: the town
" of Boston govern the State, and that he should govern the town of Boston
" and then the whole would not be intentionally ill-governed."
He died October 3d, 1803. in the &2d year of his age.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 391

GEORGE WASHINGTON ; FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE
UNITED STATES. WITH A PORTRAIT.

The illustrious Washiugtou entered Boston on Saturday, Oct. 24, 1789 :
the unanimous voice of the citizens, was, "All hail to the Chief who with
glory advances," and the bells gave a merry peal and the guns opened their
mouths with loud praise : a procession was formed of all the business men of
Boston, and the ladies wore an insignia of fpatriotism and love, by a broad
white ribbon sash, with the letters G. W. in gold or spangles ; encircled M^th
laurel leaf in the centre, with our eagle on one end and a Fleur de lis on tlie
other, in honor of France for her national aid in the Revolution and the
French squadron then lying in the harbor of Boston : as the Columbian Cen-
tinel a few days previous announced that the President had never seen a
civic procession, it must have been an interesting and gratifying siglit to wit-
ness 50 distinct classes of active operatives, well dressed, each with a beau-
tiful silk Flag, ornamented with devices of their several calUngs, strong in
numbers, all come forth to give him welcome : the procession gathered and
was arranged in the mall, and moved to the south line of the town : then
they opened ranks from the centre, facing inward, forming an interesting and
grand avenue of patriotic citizens reaching the whole extent to the State
house, at the head of State Street : and as he passed, the flanks closed and
followed ; at one o'clock the President approached, mounted on a beautiful
white horse, on which he appeared a first-rate rider, attended by his secreta-
ries Major Jackson and Mr. Lear ; the discharges of cannon commenced at
Roxbuiy, Dorchester heights, (South Boston) Castle "William, (Fort Indepen-
dence) and from the French fleet in the harbor ; arriving at the old Brick
meeting house (now Joy's building) the selectmen and council conducted the
President through the triumphal arch across the mahi Street to the east door
of the State house, passing through the Representatives cliamber to a colon-
nade erected o\\ the west end of the building, composed of six large columns,
15 feet high, and a balustrade hung in front with Persian carpets, on which
were wrought 13 roses (emblem of the then states), the circle of the colonnade
measured 44 feet and projected in front with well seen letters " Tlie man of
tlie People : " the central west window was the door through which the Pres-
ident passed, to the balustrade on to the floor of the gallery, by four easy
steps : there were rich carpets, arm chairs, Sec, as soon as the President en-
tered, he was saUated with three loud huzzas from the citizens, and an orig-
inal ode was then sang by a select clioir : the beautiful band from the French
fleet with that of the town band, joined in the honors of the occasion in the
Triumphal Arch, wiiich was adjacent to the colonnade ; this arch was 18 feet
high, composed of a centre arch 14 feet wide, with one on each side of 7 feel :
with an Ionic pilaster and proper imports between ; the frieze displayed 13
stars on blue ground with a white dentule cornice earned to the height of the
platform; ufui aljuvc thai a balustradn of interlaced work : in the centre of
7

392 BOSTON NOTIONS,

which was a tablet, displaying on one .side, '■'■To the mati who unites all
hearts,'- and on the other, " To Columbia's favorite Son,^' and adjoining tlie
State house was a pamiel with a Trojyhi/, composed of the arms of the United
States, the|[arms of the State, and of our French allies, crowned with laiiicl
leaf and over that, " Boston relieved, March 1776." (see page 161) over the
centre arch a rich canopy 20 feel high with the American eagle above : the
whole forming a grand and rich spectacle, which while it captivated the eye
betokened the love, respect and gratitude of the people.

Alter the ode was sung, the civic procession passed before the Preside iit
into Court St. and was there dismissed: the military companies then
escorted him to the prepared rooms in the house of Mrs. IngersoU in Court
Street, after which they returned to State Street and gave three vollies and
were dismissed : illuminations and fireworks in various parts of the town
finished the shows of the day : the French fleet was beautifully illuminated
and sent forth grand fireworks^ In the afternoon the French consul with the
ofncers of the French fleet visited the President. On Sunday, Oct. 25, Gov.
Bowdoin visited the President, which visit was returned the next day, and
he dined with the Gov. on Wednesday.

On Tuesday, Oct. 27. the President visited Harvard University and was
received by President Willard, Fellows, and Alumni with a friendly address
to w:iich the gifted President returned a felicitous answer : he dined in Fan-
euil Hull with most of the civil and military officers and conspicuous citizens:
the papers of the daj' were redolent with poetic tributes to the virtues, patri-
otism and well deserved fame of Washington ; a full proportion from the tal
lented women of Boston, but which we cannot transcribe for want of room.
On Tuesday, he also met the Governor and Council in their chamber, and
received an address replete with affbction and resp3ct, and he returned an
answer of kindness and gratitude, and added, " I have observed too, with
singular satisfaction, so becoming an attention to the militia of the State, as
presents the fairest prospect of support to the inva!ua\>le objects of natioiial
safety and p3ace : long may tliese blessings be continued to the comnvMi-
wealth of Massachusetts."

The President on Tuesday attended a concert of Sacred Music at the Stone
Chapel, where the ladies displayed sashes on which the Eagle and C. W.
held conspicuous place, and the Marchioness Traversay exhibited on the
bandeau of her hat, G. W. and the Eagle, set in brilliants on a black velvet
ground.

On Wednesday Oct. 2^, the President visited the Fleet in the harbor, and
was received on board of VllUtstre by the Right Hon. the Viscount De
Po.vTEVEs, with the same honors as is paid to European Sovereigns : he also
visited some manufactories, and in the evening attended an assembly of ladies
and goitlemen at Concert Hall.

On Thursday m irning at 8 o clock, the President set out on his journey to
the Eastvvrard, escorted by Major Gibb's company of Horse, accompanied by
numerous carriages filled with parting friends of the Pre^sident : on passings

BOSTOK KOTIONS. 393

Charles River brMgr;, vviiich was finely decorated willi flags, etc. a salute of
11 guns from Bunker's heights, was fired by Capt. Calder's artillery.

At Cambridge, he was received in the Philosophy room by the President
aiid Corporation, and after breakfasting, he viewed the library, museum, &c.
ho then continued his journey, halting at Lynn for a few minutes, where the
gentlemen took leave of the President : the escort then being joined by Capt.
Osgood's cavalry of 50 well uniformed mounted men, he proceeded to Mar-
blehead and dined with Gen. Glover : after viewing the town, he sat out for
Salem, at the entrance of which he was met by a committee who conducted
him into the place where he reviewed two regiments of Gen. Fiske's Brigade,
and several independent companies. He was then escorted by the Cadet
Company to the Court house, where a select choir sang an original ode from
a temporary gallery ; after which an address from the Hon Mr. Goodhue
occasioned a friendly answer from the President, who closed the day with
an assemblage of the beauty and pride of Salem, and on Friday morning he
left Salem accompanied with Capt. Osgood's cavalry escort.

The tamily of Washington descended from English origm, who were an-
ciently established at Turlfield and Warton, in the county of Lancansliire,
from a branch of whom came Sir AVilliam ^Vashington, from the county of
Leicestershire, eldest son and heir of Lawrence Washington, Esq. of Sul-
grave county, of Northamptonshire : Sir William had, besides other younger
brothers, two named John and Lawrence who emigrated to Virginia in 1G.57,
and settled at Bridge Creek on the Potomac river, in the county of West-
moreland : John, the father of Lawrence, died in 1697, leaving two sons,
John and Augustine : the latter died in 1743 at the age of 49 years, leaving
several sons by two marriages : George the President, was the eldest by his
second wife Mary Ball, and was born at Bridge creek, on the 22d of February
1732.

Having lost his father at the age of 10 years, George received an English
education- only : his disposition for a military lite early disclosed itselt', and at
the age of 15 was desirous of entering the British navy, and the birth of mid-
shipman was obtained, but the interference of an affectionate mother pre-
vented that event : the days of his youth were spent in surveying lands by
which he gained information of their relative value, which was of service
to his private concerns : at 19 years of age he was appointed one of the
adjutants general of Virginia with the rank of Major : in Oct. 1753, being
then 21 years of age, he was sent as messenger by his own solicitation to
the French authorities of Louisiana concerning their extensions on the Vir-
ginia boundary, and his course was through a wilderness, inhabited for the
most part by hostile Indians : conducted by guides over the Alleghany moun-
tains, he suffered many hardships and many hairbreadth escapes : after de-
livering the message and receiving an answer he safely returned to Wil-
liamsburg; he was on that fatiguing jouniey 60 days and his journal of the
then passing events was published, which laid the foundation of V/ashing-

394 BOSTON NOTIONS.

ton's subsequeiU fame :— Major Washington was appointed Lieutenant
colonel for an approaching war with the French : he marched two compa-
nies in advance of other troops to the great meadows ; in the rainy dark
night of May 23, 1755, he surrounded and surprised a detachment of French
troops and fired on them at daylight, when the French surrendered, only one
man escaping: thus in his youthful days the genious and courage of Wash-
ington developed his great military powers : his life was full of adventures
which to attempt to detail would require many volumes, and so methodical
and so industrious was he, that a portion of his writings compose eleven
octavo volumes ; the history of his battles would comprise a history of the
seven years war of the revolution : therefore we must close these remarks
with some few general observations.

Washington was well formed ; above six feet in height : his frame robust,
and his constitution vigorous : capable of enduring great fatigue and requir-
ing much exercise for good health : at siglit he created an idea of great
strength with manly gracefulness : his manners were rather reserved than
free, but on all proper occasions he could relax sufficiently to enjoy the
charms of conversation and the pleasures of social society: his person exhib-
ited an unaffected and indescribable dignity, unmingled with haughtiness ; he
was humane, benevolent, and conciliatory: In his private concerns he exhib-
ited an exact yet liberal economy : In his civil administration as in his mil-
itary career he exhibited practical proofs of good sense and sound judgment;
he was a real republican, devoted to a love of country and to the system of
equal rights on which it is founded : Real liberty he thought was to be pre-
served only by preserving the authority of the laws and maintaining the
energy of government. «

Having determined to retire from the Presidency at the expiration of his
second term, March, 1797, he issued a farewell address to the people of the
United States, in Sept. 1796, which must be prized as a permanent legacy to
his countrymen through future generations, for its sentiments of patriotism
and sound maxims of political sagacity.

In 179.9, on Thursday, Dec. 12th, he was seized with an inflammation iti
his throat which increased in virulence, terminating his valuable life in two
days :— on the 14th of December he died, in the sixty-eighth year of his age.

ANDREW JACKSON, SEVENTH PRESIDENT OF THE U. STATES.

WITH AN ENGRAVED LIKENESS.

President Jackson arrived in Boston June 21st, 1833. The national banner
on the State House announced his approach to the cit)^ line, where he was
welcomed with liearty cheers from thousands of his fellow citizens, and
salutes from the cannon's mouth ; he was soon seated in a splendid barouche
drawn by four beautiful gray's and escorted into the city by the officers of the
third brigade, mounted ; and eight uniformed companies of Infantry with

BOSTON NOTIONS. ' 395

officers of the United States, the State of Mass. of the City and numerous
citizens all on horseback, with a long train of mounted truckmen who made
an imposing display; they all passed through the common where the scholars
of the various schools formed a line in front of the Fire Department ; this
was a beautiful exhibition of the youth of the city 14 years ago ; all of whom
have changed places for manhood and another interesting group have made
their places good with double their youthful number : the procession passed
through various streets to the Tremont House, where President Jackson,
Vice President Van Buren, and suit alighted, amidst the acclamations and
cheers of an immense throng of gratified citizens.

On Saturday the 22d, at 9 o'clock, he visited with his suit the Cradle of
Liberty, which had been appropriately decorated, and received the personal
congratulations of a host of the citizens : his path was every where impeded
by the multitude anxious to get a glmipse at the veteran hero of many battles
for his country's honor and welfare, and they were ever gratified with the
courtesy, cheerfulness and frankness of his responses : at 10 o'clock a splendid
and large procession was formed for his escort to the State house, where he
was received by Gov. Lincoln and officers of the State, United States and
City with great honors and partook of a collation in the Senate Chamber and
escorted again to the Tremont : in the afternoon the Boston Brigade made a
grand parade with the Sea Fencibles on the common, and was reviewed by
the President and suit, after which he rode round the common and received
one continued round of cheering and shouts of applause : he visited the
Athenreum Gallery: ihe Mayor's, Hon. Josiah Quincy, and being much fa-
tigued with such constant exertion returned early to his apartments at the
Tremont House ; on Sunday morning he was indisposed, but attended divine
service at the Old South and visited Mouut Auburn with the Rlayor : on
Monday his indisposition had so much increased as to alarm his friends, and
the proposed visit to Charlestown, where every exertion had been made to
give him a noble and elegant reception had to be given up : his health being
better and more comfortable, on Wednesday he visited Harvard University
where he was received with every token of respect and invested with the
collegiate honor of Doctor of Laws : from thence he visited Charlestown with
a military escort to Bunker Hill, where the roar of cannon and the huzzas of
a great multitude re-echoed through space wilh a joyous thrill to the hearts
of all. The President ascended to the top of the monument and expressed a
lii;rh degree of pleasure at the most extensive views to be seen through those
lour peep holes : he left Charlestown at 10 o'clock for Lynn, where he was
announced by the cannons mouth and joyous greetings from thousands of his
fellow countrymen : after partaking refreshment there and exchanging kind
civilities with the people he passed on for Marblehead, through a noble arch
entwined with flowers and evergreen, on a scroll, were the words, " The
union must and shall be preserved" in letters of gold, beyond which were
500 pretty children in their best attire who saluted the veteran hero ; he then
7#

396 BOSTON NOTIONS.

visited Salem which is foremost for every patriotic movement, passing
through decorated arches with well chosen mottos to the mansion known as
" West's House," so much fatiarued as to decline most of the honors intended
for him: he appeared on the piazza and for 20 minutes returned the congrat-
ulations of the citizens and then retired amidst the cheers and blessings of
thousands of cheerful happy citizens : he left Salem on Thursday about 10
o'clock, A.M. for Andover, Haverhill and Lowell, his health and strength
improving, and at liowell a procession of 4,000 girls, uniformly dressed with
a grand military escort, was enough to do that city honor ; after being regaled
with his eyes and ears with the beautiful and grand and his body refreshed
with a sumptuous feast, he returned and visited Dedhara on Friday, -with the
Vice President and suit, and returning alighted at the residence of Mr. S. D.
Bradford in Roxbury, and passed an agreeable hour with the hospitalities
of that well supplied mansion, with beautiful ladies and first-rate refresh-
ments : the President visited Concord, N. H. and was received with every
token of pleasure and honor by the Legislature then in session : he returned
to Mr. Bradford's in Roxbury, on Monday, July 1st, and left the next day
for Providence on his return to ^Vashington, where he arrived on Thursday,
July 4th, having travelled 474 miles in three days, his health being recruited
and improved.

We close this record of the President's reception by a condensed notice of
his ancestry, with a few general remarks compiled from William's State-
man's Manuel. His ancestors were of Scottish origin, and attached to
the Presbyterian church ; they emigrated to Ireland when it was the policy
of the British government to promote the colonization of that country by the
English and Scotch ; Hugh Jackson, his grandfather, was a linen draper in
Ireland, and had four sons who became farmers ; Andrew the youngest mar-
ried Elizabeth Hutchinson and had two sons Hugh and Robert; political
circumstances induced him to emigrate to this country in 17G5 and settle in
South CaroUna. On the plantation of his father at Waxhaw settlement, our
President was born, March 1-5, 1767 : his father died about the same time,
leaving his farm to the widow, and hi.s name to his infant son.

Left with three young sons, and moderate means, Mrs. Jackson gave her
two eldest a common school education and desired to prepare the youngest
for the ministry ; and at a suitable age placed him at the Waxhaw academy,
where he made considerable progress in his studies including Latin and
Greek, until interrupted by the events of the revolutionary war : at 13 years
of age Andrew in company with his brother Robert, joined a volunteer corps
for the defence of that part of the State, and in 1731 both were taken prison-
ers by a party of dragoons : while a prisoner, a British officer ordered him to
clean boots, which being refused, Andrew received a sword wound which
was visible through life, .and his brother for a similar offence was wounded
on the head, from the effects of which he never recovered and he died soon
after ; the mother died soon after this event, wiili a fever produced on board

BOSTON NOTIONS. 397

a prison-ship in Charleston, while on an errand of mercy to some of her
relations and friends confined tliere : thus every member of the family who
emigrated to America to avoid British oppression perished at the hands of
those oppressors here : The violence of political strife will long confuse the
judgment of men concerning the character and abilities of Gen. Jackson ,
while all will accord to him firmness of purpose, energy, decision and dis-
interestedness; of great military skill, and unquestionable patriotism : on his
talents as a statesman his countrymen are divided, and perhaps it is not yet
time to speak decisively on this point.

The personal appearance and private character of Gen. Jackson are thus
described by his friend and biographer, Mr. Eaton ; previous to his election
to the presidency : " In the person of Gen. Jackson is perceived nothing of
the robust and elegant : he is six feet and an inch high, remarkably straight
and spare and weighs not more tlian 14.5 pounds : his conformation appears
to disqualify him for hardship : yet, accustomed to it from early life, few are
capable of enduring fatigue to the same extent or with less injury : his dark
blue eyes, with brows arched and slightly projecting, possess a marked
expression, but when from any cause excited, they sparkle with peculiar
lustre and penetration : In his manners he is pleasing : in his address com-
manding : while his countenance marked with firmness and decision, beams
with strength and intelligence that strikes at first sight. In his deportment
there is nothing repulsive : easy, affable and familiar, he is open and accessi-
ble to all. Influenced by the belief that merit should constitute the only dif-
ference in men, his attention is equally bestowed on honest poverty as on
titled consequence : his moral character is without reproach ; and by those
who know him most intimately, he is most esteemed : benevolence in him is
a prominent virtue : he was never known to pass distress without seeking to
assist and relieve it." Gen. Jackson died June 8, 1845, aged 73 years.

MARTIN VAN BUREN, EIGHTH PRESIDENT OF THE U. STATES.

WITH A MINIATURE LIKENESS.

Mr. Van Buren while Vice President of the United States visited Boston
in company with President Andrew Jackson, June 21st, 1833, and the high
honors extended to the President on that occasion, were shared by the Vice-
President : a comprehensive account of which being on page 394, a short
notice of his rise and progress in life may be interesting and acceptable, par-
ticularly to the rising generation, as he only enjoyed a common school educa-
tion and became eminent by study and by his own exertions.

The ancestors of Mr. Van Buren were from Holland, among the early em-
igrants to the now State of New York : the family has ever since then,
resided on the banks of the Hudson, in the town of Kinderhook, Columbia
county: Abraham Van Buren, father to the President was a farmer of mod-
erate circumstances ; an upright, intelligent, common-sense nxan j of pacific

398 BOSTON NOTIONS.

disposition : the maiden name of his wife was Hoes, of Dulcli descent : she
was distinguished by an amiable disposition, for sagacity and eminent piety.

She died in 1818, four years after the death of her partner.

Mr. Van Buren was the eldest son by these parents : he was born Dec,
5th, 1782; at an early age he evinced a strong mind and superior understand-
ing : his advantages for an education were confined to the common English
school and those of an academy in liis native village : he made every progress
in his studies and essayed some in Latin : much more could not be afforded
him, as there were two brothers and two sisters besides, to be provided for.
His innate energies alone, led him on to fortune : being early enamored with
off-hand oratory, he cherished it as a ruling passion : and very soon gave
evidence of a surprising fluency and faculty for extempore compositions and
political disquisitions : — when 14 years of age he commenced the study of
liaw with Francis Sylvester, Esq. a lawyer in Kinderhook : the term for
that study, for students without a liberal education, was seven years, and the
management of cases before Justices of the Peace often devolved on the stu-
dents, and the ability he displayed as a reasoner and debater occasioned an
almost incessant business in that quarter.

Mr. Van Buren's father was a whig in the Revolution, and a democrat in
the days of the first Adams : and the son was educated in the same princi-
ples : the democratic party was small in his vicinity and he became an ardent
and active politician : in 1800, when 18 years of age and yet a student, he
was deputed to attend a convention to nominate a candidate for the Legisla-
ture : the last year of his student's life, was spent in the office of Wra. P.
Van Ness, Esq., a conspicuous leader of the democratic party; and with the
great advantages here, Mr. Van Buren made extraordinary advances in the
great duties of a la\vyer and as a politician : in 1803, he being then in the
21st year of his age, was admitted as an Attorney in the Supreme Court of
New York, and formed a copartnership in Kinderhook with the Hon. James
L Van Alen, a half brother on his mother's side : many were the bright char-
acters figuring largely in the circle of the bar at that time, with whom Mr.
V^an Buren was often brought in contact with opposing briefs ; and party
spirit was at a portentous iieight, and the federal party had long held the
power in Columbia county : strong exertions were made by Mr. Van Buren's
federal friends, to turn him from his wayward course, with proffers of greater
advancement than he could possible expect from the democratic party ; but
all temptations to swerve from his marked out path of duty were of no avail.

rilr. Van Buren without patronage ; comparatively poor ; a plebeian by
birth ; without superior education ; refused to worship at the shrine of wealth
or power; and followed the dictates of his own judgment :— In 1807 he was
admitted as a counsellor in the Supreme Court :— in 1808 he was appointed
Surrogate of his own county : — he then removed to the city of Hudson where
he tarried seven years : — in 1815 appointed Attorney General of the State
and closed his law career in 1828, after a service of 25 years.

. 3. ni3. Tnaiy.JIfar. 4.1341. OitiJ^l 4.1841 .lE 68.
9'." PRESIDENT OF -I'JIE r.S.OF AMERICA.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 399

In 1S06 Mr. Van Buren married Miss Hannah Hoes, who was a distant
relation before marriage : his ardent attachment to her was evinced upon all
occasions till her decease in 181S : they had four sons : Mr. Van Buren has
never been married since that loss.

In 1812 he was nominated as State senator from the counties, comprising
the middle district ; his opponent was Edward P. Livingston of the same po.
litical principles ; the contest was violent and resulted in the election of INIr.
Van Buren by 200 votes in an aggregate of 20,000: — m ISl-j he was appouited
by the Legislature a regent in the University: — in 1816 re-elected to the
Senate of his native State for four years: in Feb. 1821 he was elected by the
Legislature a Senator to Congress ; and while a Senator elect, was chosen
a member of a convention to revise the constitution of the State of New
York : — in Dec. 1321, he took his seat in the Senate, his colleague from New
York being Hon. Rufus King : — on his first appearance he %vas placed on
the committee of finance and on that of the judiciary; — in Feb. 1827 he was
re-elected to the Senate of the U. States for six years : — the Gov. of New
York dying suddenly (Gov. De Witt Clinton) in Feb. 1828 ; Mr. Van Buren
was elected his successor in November : on the 12th of March, 1829, he was
appointed Secretary of State by President Jackson: — in Jan. 1331 he resigned
that office, for that of IVIinistcr to Great Britain: but which appointment not
being confirmed by the Senate he was recalled . — May, 1332 he was nomi-
nated as a candidate for Vice President on a ticket with Jackson for his sec-
ond term of the Presidency and both were elected : he presided over the
Senate four years : — May 20, 1835, the Baltimore convention consisting of
600 members gave him a unanimous vote for the Presidency, and on tlie 4th
of March, 1837, he occupied the chair as President of the United States of
America. Great efforts were made in 1840 lor his re-election as President ;
but after a long canvass in the democratic convention, his name was with-
dra^vn and that of James K. Polk substituted in his place.

Mr. Van Burenis about a middle size : of erect form : inclinuig to corpu-
lence ; light eyes and hair : features expressive and animated ; a forehead
with marks of intellectual power : the private character of Mr. Van Buren is
above all censure or suspicion : in the relations of father and son, of husband,
brother and friend, he has ah\'nys displayed those excellences of character
and feeling, which adorn human nature and evince the purity of his motives ;
his integrity of character and steadiness of attachments have always retained
for him the warm affection of many, even among his political opponents.

WM. HENRY HARRISON, NINTH PRESIDENT OF THE U. STATES.

WITH AX ENGRAVED LIKEXSSS.

The death of this good man and American Patriot, who died on the 4th
April. 1841, having been Chief Magistrate of the nation but one month,
called forth the grief of the whole people : but few men since the death of
Washington have been more generally regretted as a national loss : his last

400 BOSTON NOTIONS.

\\orLis betokened an indwelling predominant feeling: of love for his country, he
said, '' Sir I wish you to understand the true principles of the government;
I wish them carried out ; I ask nothing more," and soon after expired.

The fuu'Tal obsequies in token of respect for the character of the deceased
took place in Boston, April 23d. At an early hour the various troops assem-
bled on the Common and the numerous societies of the city took their places,
and about ten o'clock, the Lancers and other military companies began to
niov'e Ihrough Beacon and School Streets and soon after the whole procession
was moving with every token of solemnity and sorrow for the nation's loss :
business was suspended ; the warehouses and shops were closed : the sounds
oi'llie minute guns ; the deep tolling of the bells : the solemn music ; and the
saddened faces of the multitude; the windows thronged with "beauty in
tears, " all proclaimed the heartfelt bereavement they suffered in this loss ;
th^ procession comprised about 12,000 persons, all of them anxious to hear
from the lips of the Hon. Rutus Choate, the consolatory words it was his
part to utter in an eulogy on the life and death of our beloved chief, in Fan-
euil Hall; where not one quarter of the procession could find room, and as
many more of the citizens were denied that priviledge for want of a more
capacious building: the Hall was hung in black and the portraits of our
Staiemen there, were festooned with a sable mantle, and our Eagle seemed
to bear a part in the mournful doings of the day.

The orator gave some important views of the services of the deceased ; his
conduct with the Indians, when the Prophet and his brother Tecumseh, were
striving lor an Indian confederation, which threatened desolation to the set-
tlers on the western frontiers ; his glorious victory at Tippecanoe, which
gave peace and tranquillity to the borders ; and his agency in Congress in
1739, in establishing a mode for the sale of the public lands to the industrious
tillers of the soil, in place of being managed by a host of speculators: the
orator dwell on the useful points in the life of President Harrison ; of his
practical usefulness; his republican principles; flowing from incorruptible
honesty of purpose ; of his discretion, wisdom, his love of country and its
generous provisions for the encouragement of mind, and to advance the state
of human happiness, and the glory of God's creation; and impressed on the
mind of his audience, the greatest and best part of his whole purpose, was ;
TO BECOME A GOOD PRESIDENT : he had not been selected for that oflice for
being a warrior ; for his towering genius; for skill, as a politician, but be-
cause he was a good and a just man, who feared God and dearly loved his
country : the orator portrayed the virtues of the deceased President in such
pathetic views, as pictured virtue in her most endearing embellishments, ae-
co:npanied with most pure and exalted sentiments, that everj^ heart
responded to its beauty and truthfulness, and animated them with feelings of
love and honor for their country and its institutions.

The family of Win. H. Harrison is one of the most ancient and respectable
in the history of Virginia : among the early settlers was a lineal descendant

BOSTON NOTIONS. 401

of that Gsn. Harrison, who bore a distinguished part during the civil wars of
England, in the array of the Cornmonwealtli.

Benjamin Harrison (of the same stock) father of our President was one of
the signers of the Declaration of Independence and one of the most illustrious
men of his eventful day : he was member of the House of Burgesses in Vir-
ginia and of the continental Congress and Governor of the State of Virginia
and repeatedly chosen speaker of the Vii'ginia house ; he died in 1791, clos-
ing an uncommon useful life and having expended an ample fortune in the
service of his country.

Wm H. H. the third arid youngest son, was born Feb. 9, 1773, at Berkley,
on James river, in Charles city county, Virginia: on the death of his father
he was placed under the guardianship of his kind friend Robert Morris, the
great financier of the revolution: and educated at Hampden Sidney College,
and sQbsequently to the study of medicine; but before he had finished his
course the barbarities of the Indians excited a deep feeling of indignation and
he resolved to join the army for the defence of the Ohio Irontier : his guar-
dian attempted to dissuade him from that purpose, but on communicating
with Gen. Washington, that revered patriot approved of his resolve and sent
him a commission as ensign Avhen 19 years of age, in 1791. — In 1792, for a
brave exploit he was advanced to a Lieutenancy. — in 1795 to a Captain and
at 21 years of age was married to a daughter of John Cleaves Symmes, the
founder of the Miami settlement. — in 1797 was appointed Lieut. Governor of
the northwestern territory ; — hi 1799 elected their first delegate to Congre.ss :
— in 1803 sole commissioner for treating with the Indians : — in 1804 he nego-
ciated a treaty with them, by which they eeeded 50 millions of acres of the
valuable region between the rivers Illinois and JMississippi : — he was ap-
pointed Gov. of Indiana, which office he held for thirteen years with increased
satisfaction to his fellow citizens and received the appointment under the
administrations of the elder Adams, JelTersou and Madison : — in 1812 he was
appointed Brigadier General, and soon after that Major general : — in the bat-
tle of the Thames, President Madison said the result was signally honorable
to Gen. Harrison, by whose talents it wa^ prepared and directed : and Mr.
C beeves in Congress asserted that "that victory of Harrison was such as
would have reared to a Roman General in the best days of the republic the
honors of a triumph." Gen. II. trom a fortuitous circumstance resigned his
office as Major General : — in 1S16 he was elected representative to Congress
from the district of Ohio, and re-elected the two followhig years ;— ^in lal9 he
ivas elected to the Senate ; — in 1S21 was Presidential elector ; the same year
Senator to Congress ; — in 1828 minister to the republic of Colombia ami from
that mission was recalled by President Jackson in 1829 ;— in 1835 was first
brought forward as a candidate for the Presidency : — in 1839 he was again
nominated and elected by a majority of 174 votes of the electoral college over
Mr. Van Buren, in 1840.
President Harrison left one son and three daughter.-;, all living at or near

402 BOSTON NOTIONS.

North Bend, Ohio ; four sons and a daughter died before llie father; in per-
son, lie was tall and slender, yet few men at his age enjoyed so much bodily
vigor and strength; thus passed to the grave, a good, a just, and worthy
patriot, whose life was full of useful lessons to his followers, for noble and
disinterested services in the cause of his country and for the social virtues of
private life.

TENTH PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.

WITH A PORTRAIT.

President John Tyler arrived in Boston June 16, 1843, by invitation of the
city authorities to unite in the celebration of the anniversarj^ of the battle of
Bunker Hill, fought June 17, 1775 ; and the completion of the monument
erected to perpetuate that important event ; the President was met at the
Boston and Roxbury line by the Mayor and members of the city govern-
ment ; a regiment of Boston Light Infantry, under Col. G. T. Bigelow, and
the splendid company of Lancers under Col. Smith ; quite a large number of
private carriages, with a lengthy cavalcade of mounted citizens ; the Presi-
dent crossed the line at half past 10 o'clock, A.M. just at that time the sky
which had became cloudy became darker ; a north east storm set in and rain
fell continually till 2 o'clock. The President was in a barouche drawn by six
handsome horses accompanied by the Mayor and Mr. Robert Tyler ; large
luimbers of people were at the open windows ; on balconies and in the streets
in despite of the st«rm ; having passed through several streets, the procession
arrived at the Tremont House, where he was received by the Independent
Cadet Company— the Governor's body guard, under Col. Winchester, who
had been ordered to place the company at the disposal of the President during
his stay in this Commonwealth ;— the President dined that day with the city
authorities at the Tremont House ; — the foreign consuls in full uniform paid
their respects to the President in the afternoon, when Mr. Grattan addressed
him in a happy strain in their behalf; the President thanked them for their
attention in a polite reply ; — in the evening he visited the house of the Post-
master and there met with a large number of friends ; alitor that he attended
the theatre with his suit.

The next day being the celebrated 17th of June, the President accompani-
ed by the President of the Bunker Hill monument association, with Mr. John
Tyler, Jr. and Mr. Robert Tyler, his sons, entered the barouche prepared for
the occasion and the other dignitaries and invited guests followed as in the
orders of the day ; — 30 full bands of music sent forth their grand and melo-
dious sounds in this great procession, which occupied a whole hour hi pass-
ing any given point; — 6, 8 and 12 deep;* — Hon. Daniel Webster delivered
the address on the occasion, resplendent whh beauty of thought expressed
with classic language, with an aflectionate allusion to the surviving veterans
of the revolution, and a bold illustration of the glorious prospects held out for

* 20 dollars was paid for a window on Washington St. to see this procession.

Bom Jpnl 2S J790.

PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. 1841 .

BOSTON NOTIONS. 403

the future happiness and prosperity of the people of tliis country ; fVom 30 to
50 thousand persons were present, and all were gratified ; — the President
and suit were at the house J. M. Paige, Esq. in Summer Street in the
evening; — on Sunday morning he attended the services at Trinity Church ;
in the afternoon lie visited Mount Auburn, and in the evening attended the
concert of the Handel and Haydn society ; — on Monday mornhig he visited
Lo\vell and returned and visited the navy yard, and spent the evening at the
Hon. David Henshaw's ; he was to have left here on Tuesday, June 20th,
for Springfield, o^ his return to Washington; but the sudden death of the
Hon. Hugh S. Legare, Secretary of State, who was of the President's suitt
detained him one day to pay the last tribute of respect to the remains of one,
so highly valued and honored while living ; on Wednesday he left the State.

The ancestors of President Tyler were among the early English settlers
of Virginia, and trace their lineage to Walter or Wat Tyler, who headed an
insurrection in England, and while demanding of the King (Richard H) a
recognition of the rights of the people, lost his life in the cause ; the father of
our President was the second son of John Tyler who was Marshal of the
colony under the Royal government to the period of his decease in 1760.
His son entered early in 'the list for the defence of colonial rights and liberties
^nd so freely did he utter his sentiments, that the Marshal, his father, often
told him he would be hung as a rebel. Removing from James city in 1775
to Charles city, he was soon elected a member of the House of Delegates of
Virginia, and with zeal advocated the boldest measures of the revolutionary
era ; he became an ultimate friend of Jefferson, Patrick Henry, and Edmund
Randolph and was beloved by the people of Virginia ; throughout the Revo-
Jution the father of our President devoted hinaself unceasingly to the cause of
the people ; a bold, free and elegant speaker, he nobly and successfully de-
fended their rights on all suitable occasions and possessing an ample fortune
by inheritance and by his industry, he profusely lavished it in the sacred
cause of freedom, and at the glorious period of its accomplishment he had
expended the whole aiid was pennylass ; he was often elevated to the
speaker's chair in the house of delegates ; Governor of Virginia and a Judge
in one of her higher courts ; in 1S12 he was judge of the federal court of
Admiralty under President Madison ; — he died in Feb. 1813, lull of years and
honors.

Judge Tjder left three sons, Wat, John and William, the second son was
our President ; he was born in Charles city county, Virginia, March 29th,
1790 ; he was studious in youth and entered William and Mary college ai
twelve years of age, and passed through his collegiate course with honor
to himself and the approbation of the venerated head (Bishop Madison) of
that institution ; after which he studied law, partly wath his father and partly
with Edmund Randolph; — at nineteen years of age he practiced at the bar;
his age not liaving been examined into, and in three months time, there were
hm few disputed cases but young Tyler was on one side or ths other ; — in a
S

4()4 BOSTON NOTIONS.

year more he was offered a nomination to tlie Legislature, but which ho dc-
t'lined liU the next year ISll, when he was free, and then was chosen nearly
smanimously a member oi' the house of Delegates : — Mr. Tyler defended the
democratic principles of Jefferson and Madison, and his voice was often
heard in defence of the war and measures of government, and as often lis-
U'.ned to by the veteran, bold and graceful orators of Virginia with universal
and gratifying attention.

When the Brhish forces were in the Chesapeake Bay, Mr. Tyler raised a
company for the defence of Norfolk and Richmond, but as they were never
called upon for actual service, his military career gave cause for his being
stvled as " Captain Tyler: •' — while he was yel a member of the Ijegislature,
he was elected one of the executive council which he continued to be til!
1816; when a contest between him and Andrew Stevenson for Representa-
tive to Congress, it resulted in the choice of Mr. Tyler, by about 30 votes : —
he retired from that station in 1821 and warmly advocated the election of Mr.
Stevenson as his .successor.

He returned to his farm in Charles City County and to the practice of law;
— in 1823 he was again elected to the house of Delegates, and re-elected the
next year : — in 1825 he was chosen Governor of Virginia b}^ a large majority
and the following year he received the unanimous vote of the Legislature for
the same office ; and befi)re the expiration of that term was chosen as Sen-
ator to Congress in opposition to John Randolph by 5 votes : — in the lattei-
part of the session of 18.35 he was elected speaker ^ro tevi of the Senate by
whigs and State rights senators : he resigned his seat in the Senate in Feb.
1836. by being compelled by instructions from the Legislature of Virginia to
espouse tlie resolution of March 28, 1834, for expunging from the record of
the Senate :— to vote for any record to be expunged was so opposite to his
regards for that journal; he chose to relinquish three years of his term rather
tlian be guilty of tergiversation in his public course as a Senator : he was
nominated as Vice President in 1835, on a ticket in Maryland with Gen. Har-
rison as President : — in 1838 he was elected by the whigs as member of the
Virginia legislature : — in 1839 he was a delegate to the convention of Harris-
burg for nominating a President and Vice President and became himself a
randidate for the Vice Presidency, wa.< elected to that office : President Wm.
Henry Harrison dyhig on the 4th of April, 1841, Mr. Tyler became President
of these United States.

In person Mr. Tyler is tall and spare ; with a fair complexion ; blue eyes;
and prominent features: in manners plain and affable and in the social circle
amiable, courteous and hospitable :— in 1813, at the age of 23 he married
Miss l<etilia Christian of New Kent county, Virginia: she died at Washing-
ton, Sept. 10, 1842, leaving 3 sons and 3 daughters : — on the 26th of June,
1844 he married Miss Julia Gardner of New York, daughter of David Gard-
ner, Esq. who was killed in the explosion on board the steamboat Prince-
town, in Feb. 1844, and since his term for the Presidency expired, he has
resided al his seat, near Williamsburg, Virginia,

BOSTON NOTIONS. 405

JAMES K. POLK, ELEVENTH PRESIDENT OF THE U. aXATEr?.

WITH A POUTKAIT.

June 29, 1847. The President entered the city this day at a little after 1
t)'clock over the Milldain avenue, escorted t>om Brookline by the Boston
splendid and full corps of cavalry Lancers : at the west end of Beacon St. he
was introduced to Mayor Josiah Quincy, Jr. by Alderman Parker ; the Pres-
ident was handsomely welcomed in a speech from the Mayor and after an
cuiimated reply from our honorable guest they both took seats in a superb
light barouche, drawn by six mag:nificent black horses; the citizens givnig
him three times three cheers, in a very friendly manner : a rain storm com-
menced between 11 and 12 o'clock which continued during the day: yet not-
withstanding this, the people had early assembled to greet the nation's
President and they were immoveable until he arrived in tiie city: the win-
dows of the dwellings were mostly up and filled with the ladies of the man-
sions along his path ; the appearance of the President was decidedly pre-
possessuig and highly agreeable to ]\ew England notions of a great and good
mind : with gentleness of manners truly republican, unostentatious, and un-
assuming, he received golden opinions among the people : the escort for re-
ceiving the President in the city was one of the most gorgeous and extensiva
sights : all of the Independent Infantry companies of the city with the Lan-
cers : civic and military officers of the United States in this section : ofTicers
of the State and of the city, a lengthy cavalcade of mounted citizens : societie.!
of various titles, with a long train of truckmen mounted, all turned out in tlio
storm to tender their respects to the city's guest : the procession w^as nearly
an hour in passing any given point, and that would give about three
miles length for it ; the people in this section require some very important
excitement to huzza at the top of their lungs on any occasion : but the cheers
to the honorable visitor were as frequetit and as loud and long, as betokened
a hearty welcome and probably to suit the taste of the recipient; — The Hon.
James Buchanan was in the third carriage from the President and was joy-
ously greeted by the people : — salvos of artillery were let off" from the com-
mon and iVom various places in the harbor : flags were waving in ahno.sf
every direction, and had it not have rained continually, it would have been
quite a splendid gala-day ; the lines of school children in front of our excel-
lent fire department on the common, tln-ough which the President and his cti-
cort passed, must have afforded him pleasure, for it was a beaulil'ul sight; thr
procession passed through Pleasant to Washington St. thence through State
to Commercial, South Market, Merchants' Row, Ann, Blackstone, Hanover
and Court Street to splendid apartments prepared for him at the Revere
house on Bowdoin Square : — at half past 6 o'clock the committee of arrange-
ments and officers of government partook of a public dinner with the Presi-
dent at the ReA-ere House :- — the next Morning (Wednesday) the President
visited Faneuil Hall, Quincy Market, and at ten o'clock he entered the city
of Charlestown where every token of respect was tendered from Bunker's
height : from the citizens and from the hospitable mansioti of mayor Warren :

406 BOSTON NOTIONS.

the President continued his journey to A^arious towns on the seaboard and
was the first President of the United States that visited tlie State of Maine
Since it set up for itself in 1820 ; his visit extended to Augusta, the capital of
the State, situated on the river Kennebec : the Legislature being then in
session they received him with high honors, and with the grateful satisfaction
of the people ; on Monday the honorable visitant returned through the city of
Boston with a rapid hastening for the city of Washington, to attend to im-
portant national concerns of which he had just been apprized, by an express
courier : and took the line of cars through Taunton to reach Washington on
"^Vednesday, July 7th ; during the whole time of the President's visit while
in the city, the Independent company of Cadets, (the Massachusetts Gover-
jior's body guard.) were detailed as a body guard to the illustrious guest.
On Monday the President passed through five Slates during that day, viz.
Maine, N. Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut.

James K. Polk is the eldest of ten children : he was born Nov. 2, 1795, in
Mecklenburg county, North Carolina : his ancestors whose original name
was PoUoch and by obvious transition assumed the present form were from
Ireland in the early part of the eighteenth century: the family, traces their
descent from Robert Polk, who was married in Ireland : his wife Magdalen
Tucker was the heiress of Mowning Hill : they had six sons and two
daughters , Robert Polk the progenitor of James K. Polk, was the fifth son :
he married a Miss Gullet and removed to America.

The Polk family settled in Somerset county on the eastern shore of Mary-
land, where some of their descendants still sojourn : being there the only
democrats of note they were styled the democratic family ; the branch of the
family from which the President descended, removed to the neighborhood of
Carlisle in Pennsylvania, and thence to the western frontier of North Car-
olina some time before the revolutionary war: some of the family w^ere hon-
orably distinguished in that eventful struggle : on the 20th of May, 1775, being
more than a year previous to the National Declaration of Independence, the
assembled inhabitants of Mecklenburg county publiekly absolved themselves
from their allegiance to the British Crown and issued a formal manifesto of
Independence in terms of manly eloquence; Colonel Thomas Polk, the prime
mover in this act of noble daring, and one of the signers of that Declaration
of Independence was great uncle to the President.

The father of James K. Polk was a farmer of unassuming pretensions, but
an enterprising character : thrown early upon his own resources, he became
the architect of his own fortunes : in 1S06 he removed to Tennessee with his
ten children where he was one of the pioneers of the fertile valley of Duck
river, a branch of the Cumberland, then a wilderness but now the most pop-
ulous part of the State : here he resided until his election to the Presidency
in 1845 : in the infancy of the settlement there were not many advantages
for a good education and he acquired that only of a good English scholar :
liis father wished him to become a merchant and much against the son's in-
slinaiion hs was placgd in a counting house : he remained there but a few

BOSTON NOTIONS. 407

weeks and after earnest appeals to his father he was placed under the care of
Rev Dr. Henderson and subsequently under the care of Mr. Samuel P.
Black celebrated as a classical teacher : in 1815 he entered the University
of North Carolina: there his career was distinguished ; at each .semi-annual
examination he bore away the first honor and graduated in 181 S A\-ith the
highest distinction in his class and with the reputation of being llie first
scholar in both the mathematics and classics; his ambition to excel was only
equalled by his perseverance ; in proof of which, it is said that he never
missed a recitation or the performance of any duty; from the University he
returned to Tennessee, his health impaired by application ; in 1819 he com-
menced the study of the law in the oflice of Felix Grundy, who for many
years was Representative and Senator from Tennessee to Congress, and was
admitted to the bar in 1820 : he commenced practice in Maury county ; his
thorough academic education, accurate knowledge of law; his readi!u>8 and
resources in debate and his unwearied application to business, secun-d him
at once full employment ; in 1823 he entered upon the stormy caret-r oi pol-
itics, being chosen Representative to his State legislature, and the next year
he was re-elected; he was the early political friend of Gen. Jackson, iuid one
of those who in the session of 1823 and 4, called that distinguished man from
his retirement and elected him to the Senate of the United States.

In August 1825, being then in his thirtieth year, Mr. Polk was chosen
member of the House of Representatives in Congress ; he opposed internal
State improvements at the national expense ; he opposed the administration
of President John Q. Adams from first to last ; he supported the adnniiistra-
tion of President Andrew Jackson, against the National Bank, and advocated
a reduction of the revenue to the necessities of government ; his fiist speech
was for altering the constitution to prevent a choice of President ever devolv-
ing on Congress ; in 1831 he was re-elected to Congress, and in 1833 di'tended
the removal of the public money from the banks ; in 1835 Mr. Polk was
elected speaker of the House of Representatives in Congress, and at the
extra session of 1837 was re-chosen speaker.

After a service of fourteen years in Congress Mr. Polk declined a u.- flec-
tion in 1839 ; — he was then elected Governor of Tennessee, and nominated by
the convention at Baltimore May 29, 1844 for the Presidency and succeeded
to that office March 4, 1845.

In person Mr. Polk is of a middle stature, with a full angular brc'\'. . ; nd a
quick penetrating eye ; the expression of his countenance is generaH\ i^rave,
but is often relieved by a peculiarly pleasant smile, indicative of the amenity
of his disposition; the amiable character of his private life, which hu^i been
upright and pure, secures to him the esteem and friendship of all who liave
the advantage of his acquaintance ; he married a lady of Tennessee, who is a
member of the Presbyterian church, and well qualified by lier virtues and
accomplishments to adorn the circles of private life or the elevated station tw
which thev have been called : they have no chilclren.

a*

408

BOSTON NOTIONS.

RAILROAD CORPORATIONS.

CAPE COD BRANCH RAILROAD.
Office No. 26 Merchants' Exchange.

CHESHIRE RAILROAD.
From Fitchburg, through Keene, to
Connecticut River. Office, 56 State St.

CONCORD RAILROAD^ N. H.

From LoM'ell. Office, 7 Merchants'

Exchange, Boston.

CONNECTICUT AND PASSUMPSIC

RIVERS RAILROAD.
From Lebanon, N. H., to the Canada
line. Office, No. 7, Merchants' Ex-
change, Boston.

CONNECTICUT RIVER RAILROAD.

From Greenfield to Springfiekl. 36

miles. Office 7 Merchants Ex.

EASTERN RAILROAD.

Lower Route Office, 85 State street.
Depot at East Boston Ferry.

FITCHBURG RAILROAD,
Depot, Charlestown. Office, 15 Mer-
chants" Exchange, State St., Boston.

LOWELL RAILROAD.

Depot, Lowell Street. Treasurer's
Office, 11 1-2 Tremont Row.

MAINE RAILROAD.

Upper Route. Depot, Hay Market

Square. Office, GO State Street.

MICHIGAN CENTRAL RAILROAD.

Office, 92 State Street.
George B, Upton, Trea&nrer.

NORWICH & WORCESTER R. R.
Transfer Office, 13 Brazers' Building,

State Street.

NORTHERN RAILROAD.

From Concord, N. H., to Lebanon,

N. H. Office, 14 Merchants' Ex.

OLD COLONY RAILROAD.

Depot, Kneeland, corner South street.
Office, 14 Merchants' Exchange.

PROVIDENCE RAILROAD.

Office, Pleasant, corner Eliot Street.

SULLIVAN RAILROAD, N. H.

Office,

Henry Hubl)ard, President. N. D.
Hubbard, Agent.

TAUNTON BRANCH RAILROAD.

Treasurer's Office, over the Suffolk
Bank, Boston.

VERMONT AND MASS. RAILROAD.

From Fitchburg to Brattleboro'.
Office, 11 Merchants' Exchange.

VERMONT CENTRAL RAILROAD.

Office, Barristers' Hall, Court Sq.

WESTERN RAILROAD.
Office, Barristers' Hail, Court square.

WORCESTER RAILROAD.

Depot and Office, corner of Lincoln

and Beach Streets.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

409

RAIL EOADS.

TABLE OF DISTANCES AND FARES FROM BOSTON.

LOWELL AND CONN. R. R.

Salem to Marblehead, 4 miles, 6 1-4
cents.

MILES,

PRICES.

' Usual time from Boston to Portland,

Medtbrd

5

$ 0 12

5 1-4 hours.

S. Woburn,

8

20

Woburn,

10

25

MAINE EXTENS. RAILROAD.

Wilmington,

15

35

Bil. and Tewkesb

. 19

45

MILES.

PRICES.

Billerica Mills,

22

55

Somerville,

2

$ 0 8

Lowell,

26

65

; Maiden,

5

12

Middlesex,

28

70

N. Maiden,

7

18

N. Ghelmsford,

30

75

' S. Reading-,

10

25

Tyngsboro'

34

80

, Reading,
Wilmington,

12

30

Little's

37

90

16

40

Nashua,

40

1 00

BalJardvale,

21

55

Thornton's

46

1 10

Andover,

23

60

Reed's Ferry,

50

1 20

N. Andover,

26

70

Goff's Falls,

54

1 80

; Bradford.

31

85

Manchester,

58

1 40

' Haverhill,

32

85

Hooksett,

67

1 60

. Plaistow,

37

1 00

Concord,

75

1 75

Newtown,

40

1 05

W. Concord,

78

1 85

Fi. King,ston,

44

1 20

Fisherville,

82

1 95

Exeter,

49

1 30

Boscawen,

84

2 05

S. Newmarket,

53

1 40

N. Boscawen,

88

2 15

Newmarket,

56

1 50

Franklin,

93

2 25

Durham,

61

1 60

A Branch Railroad

extends from

Madbury,

Dover,

Somersworth,

63

1 70

Woburn Centre, a

distance of

2 miles.

66

1 75

Usual time from Boston

to Con-

69

1 75

cord, 3 1-2 hours.

Great Falls,
Portland,

70
110

1 75
3 00

EASTERN

RAILROAD.

Usual time from
5 1-4 hours.

Boston to Portland,

MILES.

PRICES.

liynn,

9

$ 0 25

FITCHBURG

RAILROAD.

Salem,

14

40

Beverly,

16

45

MILES.

PRICES.

Wenham,

20

56

Somerville,

2

S 0 12

Ipswich,

25

70

Porter's

3

12

Rowley,

29

80

W. Cambridge,

6

15

Newburyport,

34

1 00

Wallham,

10

25

Salisbury,

36

1 OS

Lexington,

11

25

Seabrook,

40

1 10

Weston,

13

30

Hampton Falls,

42

1 25

Lincoln,
Concord,

17

40

Hampton,

44

1 32

20

50

N. Hampton,

47

1 40

S. Acton,

25

65

Greenland,
Portsmouth,

49

148

AV. Acton,

27

65

54

1 50

liittleton,

32

80

S. Berwick.

66

1 75

Groton,

37

90

N. Berwick,

72

1 95

Shirley,

40

1 00

Wells,

77

2 25

Lunenburg,

43

1 10

Kemiebunk,

82

2 40

Leominster,

48

1 15

Saco,

92

2 75

Fitchburg,

50

1 25

Scarboro'

00

3 00

Usual time from Host oh to Fitch-

Portland,

i06

3 UO

biu-g-, 2 1-2 hours.

410

BOSTON NOTIONS.

KOK. AND LONG ISLAND R. R.

North Wilbraham,

89

Wilbraham,

m

JULES.

PRICES.

Springfield,

9!?

2 75

Worcester,

44

9 1 25

W. Springfield,

100

Oxlord,

55

1 50

Westfield,

108

Webster,

00

1 60

Russell,

116

Fisherville,

04

I 80

Chester Village,

li9

I'omfret,

70

1 95

Chester Factory,

126

Daysville,

75

2 00

North Becket,

135

Daiiielsouville,

78

2 10

Washington,

138

Central Village,

84

2 25

Hinsdale,

14;i

PlaiufiL-ld,

87

2 35

Dalton,

146

Jewett City,

93

2 50

Pittsheld,

151

4 10

Noricick^

1U3

2 75

Shaker Village,

156

Allyii's Point,

110

Richmond,

159

New London^

118

State Line,

162

Creenporl,

140

Canaan,

167

Southold,

144

East Chatham,

172

Mattetuck,

152

Chatham,

177

Riverhead,

161

Kmderhook,

184

St. George Manor,

168

Schodack,

192

JMedford Station,

180

Greenbush &. >
Albany, )

200

5 00

Sutfolk Station,

191

Deer Park,

198

Farraingclale.

204

PROV. AND STONING.

R. R.

liicksviile,

209

MILES.

PRICE.S.

Carl Place,
Hempstead Br.
Brushville,
Jamaica,
Union Course,

215
217
221
224
227 1-2

Roxbury,
Jamaica, Plain,
Toll Gate,
Dedham Low Plain

2
4
5

8
14
IS
21
24
27

^ 0 10
10
12
20
40
50
65
70
80

Eaiit New York,
Bedford,
Brooklyn,
Ntiv York City,

230
232 1-2

235
236

5 00

Canton,
Sharon,
Foxboro',
Mansfield,
Tobey's Corner,

Altlelx.ro'

31

95

WOR, AND WESTERN

R. R.

Dodge vi le,

33

95

Perrin's Crossing,

35

J 05

MILES.

PRICES.

Seekonk,

33

1 ?5

Brighton,

5

S 0 17

Providence,

42

1 25

Angler's Corner,

7

20

Apponaug,

51

JNewton,

9

25

Greenwich,

54

jVeedham,

13

35

Wickford,

60

JVatick,

17

45

Kingston,

67

Framing-ham,

21

55

Richmond,

15

Hopkinton,

24

65

Charlton,

80

Soutliboro'

28

80

Westerly.

84

W^estboro'

32

90

Stonington,

90

2 75

Grafton,

38

J 05

Worcester,

44

1 25

N. BED. AND FALL R.

R. R.

Clappville,
Charlton,

53
57

MILES.

PRICKS.

Spencer,

East Brookfield,

62

Mansfield,

24

.S

64

Norton,

29

70

South Brookfield,

67

Tannton,

20

75

W^est Brookfield,

69

Mvrick's,

42

1 00

Warren,

';3

!

Fall River,

56

1 45

Palmer,

da

(

Nsw Bedford.

55

1 -50

BOSTON NOTIONS. 411

OLD COLOKY RAILROAD.

FALL RIVER RAILROAD.

MILES.

PRICES.

MILES.

PKICES.

Dorchester,

4

8 0 12

South Braintree, 11 1-2

$ 0 33

Neponset,

5 1-2

15

Randolph, 15

35

Quiucy,

8

25

Stoughton, 16 3-4

40

Braimree,

10 1-2

30

North Bridgewater, 20

50

S. Braintree,

111-2

33

E. & W. B ridge wat'r, 25

60

S. Weymouth,

15

40

Bridgewater, 27

65

N. Abiiigton,

18

45

Middleboro' 34 1-2

80

S. Abiiigton,

21

55

Myrick's, 41 3-4

1 00

Hanson,

23

60

Assonet, 44 3-4

1 10

South Hanson,

25

65

Terry's, 47 1-2

1 20

Halifax,

28

75

Somerset, 48 1-2

1 25

Plympton,

30

80

lAIiller, 50

1 30

Kingston,

33

90

Fall River, 53

I 35

Plymouth,

37 1-2

1 00

CHARLES RIVER.

Charles River vphich empties into Boston harbor, has its
principal source at the edge of Hopkinton ; passes through
HollistoUj Milford, Bellingham, and branches of it divide
Medway from Medfield, and Dover from Sherburne; passing
in a north-easterly course through the S. E. corner of Natick ;
it there runs to the eastward, separating Needham from Do-
ver, meanders its way into Dedham about one mile, where a
stream from it, called Mother Brook, runs into the Neponset
river, forming a canal between the two ; the Charles, thence
by Roxbury line S. W. passes northerly, between Needham
and Newton to Weston, where circling eastward, separates
Weston and Waltham from Newton ; from the south-east cor-
ner of Waltham, it divides Newton and Brighton from Wa-
tertown and Cambridge, and then commingles with the salt-
sea-ocean in Boston Harbor.

The junction of Charles River with the Neponset, by the
medium of the Mother Brook canal, forms a beautiful island
of the towns which lie between them, viz : Brookline, Bright-
on, Newton, part of Dedham, Dorchester, Roxbury and Bos-
ton : these rivers have several elegant and important falls,
aifording advantageous spots for Mills and Manufactories.

412

BOSTON NOTIONS.

INLANDS ; POINTS OF LAND AND ROCKS IN BOSTON HARBOR :

With an engraved Chart; their distances from Long Wharf,
laid down according to the latest Surveys.

NAME OF ISLANDS, ROCKS, &C.

Alderlori Point,

Apple Island.

Apthorp's Island,

A small Is. near Moon Is.

Bumpkin Is. between Nan-

tasket & Little Hog Is.
Button Is. betw'n Sailor's Is.

andHingham,
Calf Island Rock ; part .soil ;

betw'n Gt. Brewster and

Green Island,
Chandler's Is. betw'n Bump-
kin Is. & Hingham,
Deer Island, betw'n Shirley

Point (Sc Lovell's Island,
pjgg Rock, North-east of

Nahant,
Egg Rock, east of Light H.,
East Boston. (Noddle's Is.,)
Fort Independence (Castle I.)
Gallop's Is. betw'n Lovell's

and Rainsford's Island,
Great Brewster, 25 acres ;

betw'n Lovell's & Lt. hou.
George's Is. Fort ^Varren.
Gov. Island, Fort Wintlirop,
Grape Is. betw'n Bumpkin

and Weymouth,
Green Is. betw'n Calf «k the

Graves Rocks,
Graves ; bare Rocks,
Hangman's Is. between Pet-
tick's Is. & Squantum,
Harding's Rocks S:Qqi\ at low

water.
Half Moon Island S.AV. of

Moon Island,
Hog Is. near Stony Beacli.

MILKS

9 1-4.

3

7 3-4

5 1-2.

9 1-2

11 1-4

7 3-4

10 1-4

4 1-8

10 1-2

8 1-2.

1-3

2 1-S

8

6 2-3.

1 7-8.

7 7-8
9

6 1-2

10 1-2

5 1-3

S 7-8.

XAME OF ISLANDS, ROCKS, A,C.

Long Is. betw'n Rainsford &

Spectacle Is. 1st. lighthouse
Lovell's Is. betw'n Long &

Great Brewster,
Moon Is. between liong Is.

and Squantum,
Middle Brewster, betw'n Gt.

and Outer Brewster,
Nick's Mate Beacon, betw'n

Long <k Lovell's Island,
Nut Is. betw'n Pettick's Is.

and Quincy Bay,
Nahant ; Peninsula of,

but if through Broad Sound,
Outer Brewster,
Outer Light House Rock,
Pulling Point, Chelsea Neck,
Pettick's Island, South-wesl

of Nanlasket,
Quarantine Ground,
Rainsford's Island,
Sheep Is. betw'n Bumpkin <fc

Nut Island,
Snake Is. betw'n Apple Is. «t

Pulling Point,
Spectacle Is. betw'n Long Is.

and Thompson's Island,
Slate Island, South-east-by-
east of Grape Island,
Squantum Rock North point

of Quincy,
Shirley Point, betw'n Deer

Island and Apple,
Thompson's Is. Farm school,

betw'n Spectacle Island

and Squantum,
White Head, ne. Bumpkin Is.
World's End. Hmgham,

4 3-4.

6 1-8.

4 7-0'.

8 1-8.

5 1-2.

7 1-4.

9 1-3.

11

8 l-'J.

8 1-s

3

7 1-2.

5 1-2.

6 1-4.

8 1-8.

3 3-4.

3 5-8.

9 1-2.

5 1-3.

3

3 5-8.

9 7-8.

iO 1-2-

BOSTON NOTIONS.

^13

CITY GOVERNMENT, FOR 1847.
.TosiAH QuiNCY, JR. MAYOR. Salary ii?-i,oOO.

ALDEKMKX.

Wm. Parker, .loliu Halhaway, Frederic Gould, Thomas Jones, George E.
Head, Thomas Welmore, Joliu H. Wilkins, Billings Briggs.

COMMON COUNCIL.

Gko S. Hillard, Pres. AVm. P

Gregg,' Cl-^rk.

I.— John P Ober, Samuel C. Not-
i-.iffe, ISDah Lincola, Jr S. P. Oliver.

2.— William Wildes, John Turner,
Noah Harrod, George Carlisle.

'■i. — James Whiting, Edwin C. Bai-
ley. James Bovnton,"Geo. W. Felt.

4.— S. VV. Ilkll, W. W. Greenongh,
Darwin E. Jewett, Wm. B. Spooner.

5. — Benj. Scaver, Geo. W. Abbott,
Wm. D. Coolidge, Eliphalet Jones.

(>.— Geo. 8. Hillard, Rich"d B. Car-
ter. Thomas llavilaiid, C. H. Parker.

7.— (t. F. 'JMiaver, Wm. G. Brooks,

Sam. E. Guild, 'j'liooph. R. Marvin.

I S.— Sam. Toplift". (reo-Whittemore,

Francis Gardner, \V. A Harrington.

I j)._\Ym, Blake, Tisdale Drake, H.

I W . Cashing, Walter Bryent.

, 10.— Ezra Lincoln, Jr.. Henry AV.

Dntton. G. R. Sampson, S.Wales, Jr.

11. — John Green. Edwd. S. Erving-,
G.^V. Frothingham, Steph'n Tucker.

12. — Wm. Eaton, Jabez Coney, S.
S. Perkin.s, Alvan Simonds.
Samuel F. McCleary, City Clerk.

Salary !?1..5()(). Assl. Clerks, iirtiOO.
James C. Duim, Citv and County

Vitasurer and Collector. Salary

S-2.200. A.«.>isiant Clerk.?, gR3.000.
l^eleg W. Chandler, City Soliritor.

Salary J'S^^oOO.
Elisha Copeland. Jr., Avditor of Ac-

co Hilts. Salary !p2,00U.
Francis Tukey, City Marshal. Sal-
ary S1,8U0.
Ira Gihbs, Hezekiah Earl, D''puty

City Marshals. Salary !?800 each.
W. 1'. Gregg, Cltr/c of tlie Common

C.nmril. Salary !ii>HOO.
Daniel Rhodes, Clerk qf' Faneuil Hall

Market.
Thomas Hunting, Superintendent of

Stre.tts. Salary ??1,400.
Charles.-B. Walls; Sitjierintendent of

Common :4<:icers. Salary *1,200.
Freeman L. Cnsliman, Superintend-

tnt of PmLlic Buildings.

James Barry, Captain of the Watch

and Huperintendtnt of Lamps.
Samuel Jenkins, Suptrintendtnt of N.

Free Bridge. Salary ^600.
Abner T. Galfield, Superintendent of

S Free Bridge. Salary Ji^SOn.
Calvin Bailey, Superintendtnt of Alien

Passengers. Salary SjUO and fees.
Johnson Colby, Messenger to City

Council. Salary 8900.
Francis Lincoln, Superintendent of

Burial Grounds. Salary in;i,UUf».
Jerome V. C. Smith, M- D., Port

Physic:ia7i. Salary $1,400.
Drs. John C. AVarren, Geo. Hayward,

Geo C. Shattuck. Jacob Higelow,

.lolin \^'are, Consulting Piiy-'irianx.
Jonnthan Bruce. Keeper of Rainsfnrd.

Islund and Captain of Quarantine

Boat.
Sanmel T. Edwards, City Crier.

Samuel Norwood, George Jackson,
Henry Sergeant, Assessors. Salarv
$1,300 each. For Clerk hire, $2,000

Assistant Assessors. Ward 1. Benj.
Dodd, Enoch Snelling.

2. Tim. C. Kendall, Ep!i. Milton.

3. Ezekiel Bates, Osniyn Brewster.

4. William Denton, Thos. French.

5. .las. McAllister, Loring Norcross.

6. N. Curtis, Jr., Oliver Downing.

7. Abel G. Peck. Alfred C. Hersey.

8. T. J. Shelton! B. P. Richardson.
!l. Clement Willis. Levi Bliss.

10. Samuel Millard, F. C. AVhi.ston.

11. lieiirvR. Andrews. P'itz J. Price.

12. Chas.'C. Conley.Theoph. Stover.

OVERSEERS OF THE POOR*
OFFICE CITY HALL.

7. Thos. Tarbell,
8.J.^V.^Varren Jr
9. Joseph Lewis,

10. C. F. Barnard,

11. Wm. Willet.

12. T. Blasland

1. Elijah Stearns.

2. Eph. Milton,

3. Jos. Moriarty,

4. AVm. Freeman

5. D. Henchman,
0. Paul Adams,

Jas. Phillips. Secretary. Salary SSOO.

414

BOSTON NOTIONS,

BOSTON FIRE DEPARTMEXT.

WM. BARNicoAT, CHIEF ENGINEER. Salary $1,200.

ASSISTANTS.

Henry Smith, .Tas. G. Sanderson, Charles S. Clark, John Shellon, Joshua
Jacobs, George W. Bird, Thomas French, Brewster Reynolds

Salary g?150 each. Henry Hart, Clerk, Salary .fSOO.
Foremen of Companies $125 ; Assistant Foremen and Clerks $100; Mem-
bers (each) $S0. Each company lias about 40 members.

COMPANIES AND THEIR OFFICERS.

SUFFOLK ENGINE COMPANY.

No. 1. House in Suflblk Street.
Win. L. Champney, Foreman. Wm.
H. Eastman, Assistant Foreman.
A. P. Melzar, Clerk. E. T. Talbot,
Steward.

WASHINGTON ENGINE COMPANY.

Barker, Assistant Foreman Darius
B. Kidder, Clerk.

EAGLE ENGINE COMPANY.

No. 12. House in Washington St.
i E. W. W. Hawes, Foreman. Zeiias
[ E. Smith, Assislant Foreman, Jas.
N. Tolman, Clerk.

No. 3. Wm. Dyke, Foreman, i melvill engine company

Jesse Farmer, Assislant Foreman. ' No. 13. House in Leverett Street.

A. P. Bessey, Clerk. Edward AVar- , Wm. Jepson, Foreman. Chs. Carter,

ren, Steward. Assistant Foreman. Obed W. Bart-

lyman engine company. I lett, Clerk. S. Hanscomb, Steward.

No. 5. House in Dock Square. | boston engine company.

Horace S. Gorham, Foremaiu Amos 1 No. 1.5. House in Commercial St,
R. Davis, Assistant Foreman. John Robert Taylor, Foreman. Henry S,

S. Ryan, Clerk. M. Gorham, Stew-
ard.

hero engine company.
No. 6. House in Deriie Street
Franklin E. WhitJiey, Foreman, i
Samuel Darling, Assislant Foreman.
Charles Mouutfort, Clerk. Albert I
Chandler, Steward. i

HOWARD ENGINE COMPANY. I

No. 7, House in Purchase St. Caleb j
S. McCIennen, Foreman. AVm. M. '
Lewis, Asssistant Foreman. Wm.
C. Savage, Clerk. Thomas Melzard,
Steward.

TREMONT ENGINE COMPANY.

No 8. House in Tremont Street.
J. M. Welch, Foreman. W. M.
Wise, Assislant Foreman. Charles
Carver, Clerk. E. Witherell, Stew-
ard.

DESPATCH ENGINE COMPANY.

No. 9. House in Court Square.

AVm. E. Hearsey, Foreman. David
Chamberlin, Assistant Foreman,
Seth F, Frost, Clerk. Jas. Gourley,
Steward.

HANCOCK ENGINE COMPANY.

No. 10. House in Friend St. Jas.
Quinn, Foreman. Moses F. Web-
ster, Assistant Foreman. Thomas
Sprague, Clerk. Charles F. Jones,
Steward.

MAVERICK ENGINE COMPANY.

No. 11. House in East Boston.
Thomas Brown, Foreman. Jacob

Ellms, Assistant Foreman. AV. H.
Simonds, Clerk. Archibald Smith,
Steward.

PERKINS ENGINE COMPANY.

No. 16. House in Broadway, S.
Boston. John Davis, Jr. Foreman.
James Wood, Assistant Foreman.
Jackson L- Stimpson. Clerk.

MAZZEPPA ENGINE COMPANY.

No 17. House in Broadway, S.
Boston. John R. Butler, Foreman,
George Thorn, Assistant Foreman.
Elijah Goodwin, Clerk.

LAFAYETTE ENGINE COMPANY.

No. 18. House on Pe'-nberton hill.
F. A. CoJburn, Foreman Chas. C.
Henry, Assistant Foreman. Leonard
Metcalf, Clerk. James Henry, Stew-
ard.

EXTINGUISHER ENGINE COMPANY'.

No. 20. House in East St. Jona-
tlian Pierce, Foreman. Charles B.
Starkweather, Asssistant Foreman.
N. B. Howe, Clerk. E. G. Damrell,
Steward.

WARREN HOOK AND LADDER CO.

No. 1. Plouse in Friend St. Den-
nis Smith. Foreman. G. G. Wilder,
Assistant ' Foreman. Philip Fox,
Clerk. Wm. Calder, Steward.

CITY HOSE COMPANY.

No. 1 Room in Engine Plouse, No.
18. R. S. Martin, Foreman. J. h.
Wright, Assistant Foreman. Win-
t Blake, Clerk.

BOSTON NOTIONS. 415

MOUNT AUBURN CEMETERY.

Mount Auburn Cemetery was consecrated as a place for
the burial of the dead, Sept. 24th, 1831; by an address from
the late Judge Story ; prayers from Rev. Dr. Ware and Rev.
John Pierpont, with the followmg hymn from the pen of the
latter :

KYMN.

To thee, O God, in humble trust,

Our hearts their cheerful incense burn,
For this thy \vord, " Thou art of dust,"

And unto dust shalt thou return.

And what were life, life's work all done,
The hopes, joys, loves, that cling to clay,

All, all, departed, one by one,
And yet lite's load borne on for aye !

Decay ! decay ! 'tis stamped on all.

All bloom m flower and flesh shall fade,
Ye whispering' trees when ye shall fall.

Be our long sleep beneath your shade I

Here to thy bosom mother earth,

Take back in peace what thou hast given,

And all that is of heavenly birth,
O God, in peace, recall to heaven.

The lot originally comprised 72 acres, but by an after piir-
(chaseof38 )^ acres, it measures 110 3^ acres: The entrance
gate on the North front of the cemetery, is from an Egyptian
model, and is chiselled in a very superior manner from
Quincy granite at a cost of^ about 10,000 dollars : this north
front line has an imposing cast iron rail fence its whole
length; erected at a cost of about $15,000: a splendid
Chapel has been built during the past and present season,
near to the entrance gate, at a cost of about $25,000 : and the
Mausoleums, Cenotaphs, Shafts, Slabs, and Monuments of
Marble, Freestone, Redstone, Granite, &c., which are there
stationed, may be valued at more than half a million of
dollars.
I 9

416 BOSTON NOTIONS.

The highest mound in the Cemetery is 125 feet above the
level of the river Charles, which meanders by its South-east-
ern boundary • on w^hich mound it is contemplated to erect
a tower 60 feet high, which will afford an interesting posi-
tion for a panoramic survey of the cultivated farms and vari-
ed scenery all around, it being then at an elevation of 185-
feet.

The usual price of a lot of 300 square feet in the cemetery,,
is 100 dollars, but if a choice be made of a lot not being sur-
veyed, or not specially placed on the market list, the price
is something more ; and if less than 300 feet, the price will
be less : the superintendent, Mr. Rufus How^e, who resides
wdthin the cemetery boundaries, will explain all the condi-
tions and locate the various lots as required : he is a polite,
gentlemanly agent for the institution, and any one desirous
of any business concerns with Mount Auburn, had best go
out at once to the Superintendent, for a correct procedure^
and to save trouble and time.

Dr. Jacob Bigelovv is President of the institution, at whose
house the first preliminary steps in 1825, were arranged for
the establishment of this great, grand, noble and most beau-
tiful spectacle : and he has never been faint-hearted or
weary in his attention for 22 years, to the subject of further-
ing every object to constitute this one of the most interesting:
objects of public utility and beauty near Boston, for the ey»
of a stranger to gaze on, or the reflective mind of man to
dwell on : there lay the bodies of the eminent men of our
neighborhood, and there lay some of our friends and ac-
quaintances : it is a holy spot, and links itself with our being-
with a cherished fondness and satisfaction.

The grounds are laid out to suit the hill and dale of the
place ; pretty much in the circumambient manner that an-
cient Boston was laid out by the cows making a path to the
different watering places in the town : yet, in this place lh«

BOSTON NOTIONS. 417

Hivolviiig line of its paths constitutes one of its mobl pleasing-
arrangements; but if a visitor to the cemetery is without a
guide to the clusters of Mausoleums and Monuments, he
"-lay traverse the Avenues and Paths with fatigue and ex-
haustion, and perhaps see but few of its beauties : for if their
lengths were measured in a straight line, it would be to an
extent of 30 miles : when a judicious ramble of 2 to 3 miles,
will compass most of the interesting objects there to be seen.

The following Guide through Mount Auburn, will show
to a stranger the most eminent clusters of Shafts, Mementos
and MoiHiments with the least possible trouble or fatigue.

On entering the Gate advance in front up Central Avenue
and pass the Monument to Spurzheim on the left, and a little
farther in front is the cast bronzed full length statue of Bow.
ditch; turn to the risht-hand and view the beautiful Chapel,
then pass to the right-hand into Phie Avenue and there is a
Monument to Dorr : then turn to the left and tliere are Green
Brier and Yarrow Paths: monuments to Haughton, Fessenden,
Channing, Curtis, Bangs, the sculptured child of Binney^
Doane, Gossler, and numerous shafts and monuments to
interest the eye and mind of the visitor : after this examina.
lion, turn into Fir Avenue on the west, where are Monuments
to the memory of Mrs. N. P. Willis, Bates, Lincoln, Pickens
and others : then turn to the right into Walnut Avenue, and
oti the right-hand, are Pilgrim and Snow-drop Paths, and
view those of Miles, (Foss,) Cotting, Bush, Penniman, Shat-
luck and others : then pass through Walnut Avenue, and
view those to Worcester, Watson and others : then turn to the
left and ascend Mountain Avenue, up to Mount Auburn's
highest eminence, that being 125 feet above the river Charles,
where Boston and the surrounding country may be seen in
the distauce : descend Mt. Auburn on a south-easterly direc-
tion, and pass through Hazel Path to Harvard Hill ; and here
the eye will greet the Monuments to Kirkland, Ashmuii,

418 BOSTON NOTIONS.

HofFman and officers of Harvard University, and also
to some of the students : descend from Harvard Hill to the
left-hand, turn into Rose Path and pass through it to Cedar
Hill; where are the monuments of Appleton, Hildreth, &c. :
then from the south-west of Cedar Hill, pass through Ivy
Path, which winds round to the north, to Consecration Dell :
here are monuments to Stanton, Waterston, Watts. Leveretty
Dana, &c., leave Consecration Dell on its north-west; through
Vine Path to Central Square, where are Monuments to Mur-
ray, Hannah Adams, Gray and others : then pass up Poplar
Avenue, leading to the south-east, where are Mementos to
Munson, Mrs. Ellis and others : then pass through the eastern
line of Willow Avenue, and view the monuments to Randall^
Chamberlain, Thayer, Tuckerman, Mrs. Gannett, &c., and on
its western path are those of Lowell, Mason, Howard, &c. : on
leavingWillow Av. at the southern limb^ turn to the right-hand,
around into Alder Path and there see Mementos to Wetmore,
&c., pass along Forrest Pond, by Narcissus Path, where are
Monuments to Story, Rich, Durgin, Oxnard and others: pass up
Catalpa Path, on to Indian Ridge Path, where those to Bond,
Patterson, Brimmer, Greenleaf and others are erected : re-
turn by Catalpa Path to Linden Path, where are Monuments
to Tappan, Raymond and others : then pass through Beach
Avenue to the south, where are Monuments to Bigelow,
Coolidge, Putnam and others : then turn to the right, into
Central Avenue, where there are monuments to Harnden,
Gibbs, Burges, Abbe, Clary, and the sculptured Watch Dog
of Perkins : turn to the left into Cypress Avenue and near to
Central Avenue, view the Monuments of Tisdale, Hewins,
Buckminster, Cleveland, Lawrence, Herwig and others : con-
tinue through Cypress Avenue to the South and there the
Public Lot will meet the eye, with its many obelisks and
shafts in memory of friends, the sculptured figure of Christ
blessing little children, &c. : then turn round to the left-hand,

BOSTON NOTIONS. 419

into Cedar Avenue, and there are Monuments to Gridley,
Hayward, Benjamin, and others : turn to the right-hand to
Central Avenue, by the statue of Bowditch, Monument to
the Oificers lost in the exploring expedition and others : after
which, a return to the Gate may be made direct.

HON. NATHANIEL BOWDITCH, L L. D. Died March 16, 1838.
The Bowditch Statue is placed about midway on Cen-
tral Avenue, at the junction of Central and Chapel Ave-
nues : The figure is of a Metalic composition (whose weight
is about 2500.) representing that supreme Mathematician in
a contemplative studiouSj sitting attitude ; with his volume
of '* Mecanique Celeste," on which he rests his right arm,
as if it were fully sufficient for the support of a more import-
ant part: — that of mind, talent, industry and character; and
beside him is a tome from his mathematical energies, of
equally important contents : — that of his " American navi-
gator," whereby most of the ships and floating craft on the
broad expanse of ocean, which covers 3-5ths of the earth, are
guided and directed safely to their destined port, if the ele-
ments of nature permit : — and next to that, is the Globe,
over which he traversed as a navigator many years ; and
which furnished his gigantic mind with the only basis for his
j immortal productions, and caused him to out-reach every one
of his age in the abstruse yet sublime study of mathematics .
I to become President of the American Academy of Arts and
{ Sciences, and to be invested with the collegiate degree of
Doctor of Laws ; — and yet, he set out in life with a common
j school education, and was brought up as a sailor boy from
I the port of Salem, Mass. ; he removed to Boston in 1823, and
died at the age of 65 years.

This statue is the first full length, cast metal figure, ever
accomplished in this country : it was the work of Ball Hughes
i 9*

420

BOSTON NOTIONS.

with his better half: they together formed this Chef d'Oeuvre
ill metal statuary : yet after they had formed the almost liv-
ing form in clay, it is difficult to conceive in what manner the
limbs could have been cast in sand, to be produced free and
fair from the mould in perfect form and shape : but it is
done ; and beautifully, faultlessly done, as could be expect-
ed of human ingenuity.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

421

HEV. WILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING, D.D. LOT 678.

Rev. Dr. Wm. E. Channing was bom in Newport, R. I^
April 7thj 1780, and graduated from Harvard University in
1798 : was ordained Pastor of Federal street Church June 1,
1803, and died Oct. 2d. 1842, in the 40th year of his Minis-
try and in the 63d year of his age : respected and beloved on
both sides of the great Ocean.

The Channing lot is on Green Brier Path near to little Emily:
the design for this monument was from the pencil of the late
Mr. Allston and the execution of it, is honorable to the cor-
rect talents of Mr. Alpheus Cary, whose work in marble is
always neat with well proportioned and agreable shaped
letters for mementos.

422

BOSTON NOTIONS.

LOT 681. dexter's sculpture.
Of Emily, is on Yarrow Path at the north-west part of the
Cemetery; it is a beautiful specimen of the art of sculpture
and interesting to the visitor — this part was executed by Mr.
Dexter, and the marble slab, pillars and basis, w^ere furnish-
ed by Mr. Alpheus Gary.

JOHN THORNTON KIRKLAND.

This monument is on the summit of Harvard Hill ; erected
by the Alumni of Harvard University.

John Thornton Kirkland was President of Harvard Univer-
sity 17 % years: from Nov. 14th, 1810, to March 28, 1828;
which proved to be a most prosperous age for that institution :
it was crowded with students ; but his generous dealing
with them kept him poor and pennyless during the term of
his Presidency : he dearly loved his mother, for in his mem-
orandum boolc, he wrote. '' one misfortune befe] me in ray

BOSTON NOTIONS.

423

' junior year, which this world can never repair ; my mother
' on January 23d., 1788 died: the highest pleasure I could
' ever enjoy was that of pleasing her.'^ ]Mr. Kirldand died
April 26th, 1840, aged 69 years.

REV. FREDERICK T. GRAY: LOT 46.

At the junction of Ivy and Moss path fronting Central
Square is a lowly, neat monument of a Bible opened, en-
circled with a branch of olive, resting on an inclined slab
supported by a marble base.

424 BOSTOK NOTIONS.

MR. JOHN TAPPAN's MONUMENT. LOT 307.

Al the juuetioii of Linden and Narcissus Path is a broken
shaft, as an emblem of an unfinished course of life; with a
rose bush limb, from which five of its flowers and buds have
been broken off, leaving iive roses on the principal stem ;
betokening the number of the social circle alive and de-
ceased.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND WATCH DOG ;

On Lot No. 108, on Central Avenue, belonging to Mr.
Thomas H. Perkins, Jr. is much admired; — and as history
makes record of so many acts of fidelity, watchfulness and
sagacity of the Dog, it is here considered appropriate to
place him, as an apparent guard to the remains of the family
who were his friends ; — it was beautifully sculptured in Italy
from the purest Italian marble.

BOSTON NOTIONS.

425

LOT 714. A MONUMENT ON YARROW PATH^

On the lot of Mr. Elisha Turner of Dedham, has been
much liked for its simple adornment of a Pall, and its correct
proportions.

"^^m^

426

BOSTON NOTIONS.

MONUMENTS AT THE JUNCTION OF IVY AND ASTER PATHS. LOT 407.

The centre Shaft is in memory of the late Francis Stanton,
merchant, and the right and left monuments are to the late
Joshua Blake and to George Haliet.

-<-i

"^A^ff^^-^

Mount Auburn Cemetery is on the western line of Cam-
bridge, stretching into Watertown : nearly 5 miles west-
erly by north of Boston, and Fresh Pond is at the north of
Mount Auburn, about half a mile.

DEATH OF A^' INFAKT.— BY CHARLES SI'RAGUE.

One liule liucl adorned my bower,

And shed sweet fragrance round ;
It grew ia beauty, hour by hour,
Till, ah ! the spoiler came in power,

And crashed it to the ground.

Yet not forever in the dust

That beauteous bud shall lie ;
No I — in the garden of the just,
Beneath God's glorious eye, I trust,

'Twill bloom again on high.

FINIS.

^

BOSTON NOTIONS.

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